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Carminati F, Obert L, Saade F, Bouteille C, Woussen E, Aouzal Z, Bourgeois M, Haight H, Regas I, Rochet S, Lepage D, Garbuio P, Loisel F. Reproducibility of the Mayo and Schatzker classification systems in proximal ulna fractures. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2024; 110:103790. [PMID: 38070730 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2023.103790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A fracture classification system should provide a reliable and reproducible means of communication between different parties. It should be logical and understandable, with few categories to memorize. The aim of this study was to determine the intra- and interobserver reliability of the Schatzker and Mayo classification systems for the assessment of proximal ulna fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS Intra- and interobserver reliability studies were conducted on 39 X-rays of injured elbows drawn randomly from 74 cases previously used in a series on predictors of ulnohumeral osteoarthritis in proximal ulna fractures. Ten observers independently reviewed these X-rays on 2 separate occasions 3 months apart. The fracture type was assessed according to the Schatzker and Mayo classification systems during each reading session. Cohen's and Fleiss' kappa were used to measure the intra- and interobserver reliability. RESULTS The Schatzker classification had a fair interobserver reliability for the first (Schatzker R1, Fleiss' κ: 0.394) and second (Schatzker R2, Fleiss' κ: 0.351) readings. The mean intraobserver reliability value between the 10 reviewers for the Schatzker classification was rated as substantial (0.61). The Mayo classification had a fair interobserver reliability for the first (Mayo R1, Fleiss' κ: 0.278) and second (Mayo R2, Fleiss' κ: 0.292) readings. The mean intraobserver reliability value between the 10 reviewers for the Mayo classification was rated as fair (0.52). DISCUSSION The classification systems for proximal ulna fractures showed poor reproducibility between the different observers since they had low interobserver agreement values. Nevertheless, their use remained reliable since the measured intraobserver agreement value was deemed substantial. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV; retrospective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Carminati
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique, chirurgie plastique, esthétique et reconstructrice, chirurgie de la main, hôpital Jean-Minjoz, 25030 Besançon, France.
| | - Laurent Obert
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique, chirurgie plastique, esthétique et reconstructrice, chirurgie de la main, hôpital Jean-Minjoz, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - François Saade
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique, chirurgie plastique, esthétique et reconstructrice, chirurgie de la main, hôpital Jean-Minjoz, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Camille Bouteille
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique, chirurgie plastique, esthétique et reconstructrice, chirurgie de la main, hôpital Jean-Minjoz, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Edouard Woussen
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique, chirurgie plastique, esthétique et reconstructrice, chirurgie de la main, hôpital Jean-Minjoz, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Zouhair Aouzal
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique, chirurgie plastique, esthétique et reconstructrice, chirurgie de la main, hôpital Jean-Minjoz, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Michaël Bourgeois
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique, chirurgie plastique, esthétique et reconstructrice, chirurgie de la main, hôpital Jean-Minjoz, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Harrison Haight
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique, chirurgie plastique, esthétique et reconstructrice, chirurgie de la main, hôpital Jean-Minjoz, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Inès Regas
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique, chirurgie plastique, esthétique et reconstructrice, chirurgie de la main, hôpital Jean-Minjoz, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Séverin Rochet
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique, chirurgie plastique, esthétique et reconstructrice, chirurgie de la main, hôpital Jean-Minjoz, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Daniel Lepage
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique, chirurgie plastique, esthétique et reconstructrice, chirurgie de la main, hôpital Jean-Minjoz, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Patrick Garbuio
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique, chirurgie plastique, esthétique et reconstructrice, chirurgie de la main, hôpital Jean-Minjoz, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - François Loisel
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique, chirurgie plastique, esthétique et reconstructrice, chirurgie de la main, hôpital Jean-Minjoz, 25030 Besançon, France
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Ghori H, Bagga R, Tathgar A, Stone A, Murphy RJ, Phadnis J. Reliability of the CURL classification for proximal ulna fracture-dislocations of the elbow. JSES Int 2024; 8:371-377. [PMID: 38464438 PMCID: PMC10920145 DOI: 10.1016/j.jseint.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Proximal ulna fracture-dislocations are challenging injuries with a myriad of existing classification systems. The Coronoid, proximal Ulna, Radius, and Ligaments classification (CURL) is a simple framework designed to focus attention on the key components affecting outcome and guide surgical management. This study evaluates interobserver and intraobserver reliability of this new classification. Methods Four observers independently reviewed plain radiographs and computed tomography (CT) scans of patients with proximal ulna fracture-dislocations. Each observer scored the Coronoid (C), proximal Ulna (U), and Radius (R) components for each fracture on 2 occasions. The osseous components were subclassified as 'intact', 'simple', or 'complex'. The Ligament component (L) was not rated as this requires intraoperative classification. Interobserver and intraobserver reliability was calculated using Cohen's weighted kappa coefficients. X-ray and CT were compared for patients with both imaging modalities. The Landis and Koch criteria were used to interpret the strength of the kappa statistics. Results One hundred seventy seven patients had plain X-rays; 58 patients had both X-ray and CT scans. Overall, in the X-ray only cohort, there was 'almost perfect' interobserver reliability for the radial head (k = 0.94) and coronoid (k = 0.83), and 'substantial' reliability (k = 0.68) for the proximal ulna. For the X-ray and CT cohort, interobserver reliability was 'almost perfect' across both modalities for the radial head (k = 0.88 and k = 0.93, respectively) and 'moderate' for the proximal ulna (k = 0.48 and k = 0.52, respectively). For the coronoid, interobserver reliability for X-ray interpretation was 'substantial' (k = 0.74) and for CT was 'almost perfect' (k = 0.89). Intraobserver reliability was 'almost perfect' for all components, other than CT assessment of the proximal ulna which demonstrated 'substantial' reliability (k = 0.74). Conclusion The Coronoid, proximal Ulna, Radius, and Ligaments classification demonstrates strong interobserver and intraobserver reliability, supporting use of the classification for proximal ulna fracture-dislocations. CT is recommended for improved characterization of any fracture with a coronoid component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humaid Ghori
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, BSMS Teaching Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Rahul Bagga
- University Hospitals Sussex NHS Trust, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Anand Tathgar
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, BSMS Teaching Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Richard J Murphy
- University Hospitals Sussex NHS Trust, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Joideep Phadnis
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, BSMS Teaching Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
- University Hospitals Sussex NHS Trust, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton, United Kingdom
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Scherer S, Mayer BFB, Dietzel M, Esser M, Warmann SW, Lang P, Schuhmann MU, Schmidt A, Fuchs J. The role of surgery in the treatment of neuroblastoma metastases at rare sites. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:12913-12921. [PMID: 37466795 PMCID: PMC10587098 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05147-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Treatment of neuroblastoma metastases usually consists of chemotherapy and irradiation. However, in selected cases, surgical treatment is also indicated. In this study, we present three cases of patients with neuroblastoma metastases at rare sites that underwent surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed data of patients who underwent surgery for neuroblastoma at our department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology at the University Children's Hospital in Tuebingen and selected those patients who had surgery explicitly for a metastasis. RESULTS Between 2002 and 2020, 277 children underwent surgical treatment for neuroblastoma. Three cases with metastases at exceptional sites are presented here after therapy according to protocols. One patient had a penile metastasis and received surgery including a plastic reconstruction. The patient showed no signs of erectile or urinary dysfunction at follow-up. Another patient had a metastasis in the proximal ulna, which remained vital even after exhausted treatment after two relapses. Afterward there was no restriction of movement of the extremity. The third patient had, amongst others, metastases to the pancreatic body and to the liver. Both were surgically removed during primary tumor resection. This patient died after local tumor relapse. The other two patients showed no evidence of tumor relapse after a follow-up of 18 and 17 months, respectively. CONCLUSION Although children with neuroblastoma often present with metastases, there is no recommendation for surgical treatment other than diagnostic biopsies. In case of persistence of metastasis or after exhaustion of high-risk therapy, surgical resection must be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Scherer
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University Children's Hospital Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Benjamin F B Mayer
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University Children's Hospital Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Markus Dietzel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University Children's Hospital Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael Esser
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Steven W Warmann
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University Children's Hospital Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Lang
- Department of General Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 1, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin U Schuhmann
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Schmidt
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University Children's Hospital Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jörg Fuchs
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University Children's Hospital Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
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Ott N, Hackl M, Leschinger T, Müller LP. [Monteggia-like injuries : Pitfalls of surgical treatment]. Unfallchirurgie (Heidelb) 2023; 126:687-693. [PMID: 37278731 DOI: 10.1007/s00113-023-01328-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The term Monteggia-like lesions or Monteggia equivalent injuries includes fractures of the proximal ulna with dislocation and dislocation fractures of the radial head from the proximal radio-ulnar joint. The complexity of the injury requires a dedicated understanding of the anatomical structures and their biomechanical properties. Particularly due to the rarity, the complication and revision rates are high. A conservative treatment is not usually effective. Three-dimensional imaging by computed tomography is part of the surgical preparation. The goal of surgical treatment is osteosynthetic reconstruction of the fractures and restoration of joint congruency. In cases of nonreconstructable radial head fractures, radial head arthroplasty may be necessary. In addition to reconstruction of the bony stabilizers, refixation of the ligamentous structures is essential for treatment success. The combination of complex fracture patterns and possible dislocation positions in the ulnohumeral, radiohumeral and proximal radio-ulnar joints poses a great challenge to the surgeon. The most frequent complications are peri-implant infections, implant failure, loss of reduction, stiffness or instability. Especially the anatomical configuration of the proximal ulna is complex and requires accurate reconstruction. Therefore, reconstruction of the proximal ulna in length and rotation, including the coronoid process, is considered to be a key factor in the surgical treatment of Monteggia-like injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Ott
- Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Klinik für Orthopädie, Unfallchirurgie und plastisch-ästhetische Chrirugie, Universität zu Köln, 50937, Köln, Deutschland.
| | - Michael Hackl
- Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Klinik für Orthopädie, Unfallchirurgie und plastisch-ästhetische Chrirugie, Universität zu Köln, 50937, Köln, Deutschland
| | - Tim Leschinger
- Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Klinik für Orthopädie, Unfallchirurgie und plastisch-ästhetische Chrirugie, Universität zu Köln, 50937, Köln, Deutschland
| | - Lars Peter Müller
- Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Klinik für Orthopädie, Unfallchirurgie und plastisch-ästhetische Chrirugie, Universität zu Köln, 50937, Köln, Deutschland
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Wang D, Li J, Xu G, Zhang H, Xu C, Zhang W, Li H, Gan X, Xiong Y, Zhang L, Li L, Tang P. Morphometric feature description of the proximal ulna based on quantitative measurement: a key consideration for implant design. Surg Radiol Anat 2023; 45:215-224. [PMID: 36509883 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-022-03058-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To perform quantitative measurements of the anatomic morphology of the proximal ulna and establish the morphologic references based on Chinese for the surgical protocol and implant design. METHODS The computed tomography data of 156 upper extremities were involved in this study. The ulna model was reconstructed in Mimics. Ten distance and 6 angle parameters were measured by 4 independent investigators with a new quantitative measurement method. The intraclass correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the measuring reliability. Gender and side differences of measured parameters were evaluated. RESULTS Measurements showed a mean coronoid height of 15 mm, which was 42% of ulnar height with gender-specific differences (mean 16 mm in men and 14 mm in women, P < 0.001). A mean unsupported anteromedial facet width of 8 mm was 61% of the coronoid anteromedial facet. A larger opening angle correlates to a larger olecranon-diaphysis angle (P < 0.001) and larger coronoid height (P = 0.001). A mean proximal ulna dorsal angulation of 4.7° is present in 80% of models at an average of 52 mm distal to olecranon tip. The average proximal ulna varus angulation was 16° at a mean of 74 mm distal to the olecranon tip. Morphological features between the left and right sides were highly consistent. The ICC was between 0.789 and 0.978 for inter-observer and between 0.696 and 0.997 for intra-observer reliability. CONCLUSIONS The proximal ulna features variable morphology but minor side differences among individuals. Over half of the anteromedial facet was not supported by the proximal ulnar diaphysis, making the coronoid vulnerable to elbow trauma. Preconditioning or customized design of the ulnar plate in the clinical setting with the help of contralateral morphology may be a good choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daofeng Wang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Jiantao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Gaoxiang Xu
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Wupeng Zhang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Xuewen Gan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kunming Medical University, Yanan Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, Kunming Medical University, Yanan Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Licheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Peifu Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China.
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Viveen J, Perilli E, Zahrooni S, Jaarsma RL, Doornberg JN, Bain GI. Three-dimensional cortical and trabecular bone microstructure of the proximal ulna. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2023; 143:213-23. [PMID: 34226981 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-021-04023-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The three-dimensional (3D) microstructure of the cortical and trabecular bone of the proximal ulna has not yet been described by means of high-resolution 3D imaging. An improved characterization can provide a better understanding of their relative contribution to resist impact load. The aim of this study is to describe the proximal ulna bone microstructure using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and relate it to gross morphology and function. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five dry cadaveric human ulnae were scanned by micro-CT (17 μm/voxel, isotropic). Both qualitative and quantitative assessments were performed on sagittal image stacks. The cortical thickness of the trochlear notch and the trabecular bone microstructure were measured in the olecranon, bare area and coronoid. RESULTS Groups of trabecular struts starting in the bare area, spanning towards the anterior and posterior side of the proximal ulna, were observed; within the coronoid, the trabeculae were orthogonal to the joint surface. Consistently among the ulnae, the coronoid showed the highest cortical thickness (1.66 ± 0.59 mm, p = 0.04) and the olecranon the lowest (0.33 ± 0.06 mm, p = 0.04). The bare area exhibited the highest bone volume fraction (BV/TV = 43.7 ± 22.4%), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th = 0.40 ± 0.09 mm) and lowest structure model index (SMI = - 0.28 ± 2.20, indicating plate-like structure), compared to the other regions (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Our microstructural results suggest that the bare area is the region where most of the loading of the proximal ulna is concentrated, whereas the coronoid, together with its anteromedial facet, is the most important bony stabilizer of the elbow joint. Studying the proximal ulna bone microstructure helps understanding its possible everyday mechanical loading conditions and potential fractures. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE N.A.
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Jakobi T, Gramlich Y, Sauter M, Fischer S, Hoffmann R, Klug A. Proximal ulna non-union: treatment concept and postoperative outcome. Int Orthop 2022; 46:2859-68. [PMID: 36102978 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-022-05577-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Non-union of the proximal ulna is a serious complication after surgical treatment of olecranon and complex elbow fractures, frequently leading to poor functional outcome. To date, there is a lack of data regarding optimal treatment strategies and functional outcome parameters after surgical revision. METHODS From 02/2010 to 12/2018, 31 patients undergoing surgical treatment of proximal ulna non-union could be included. Follow-up period was seven years (SD 2.5 years). All patients were clinically assessed using a clinical assessment tool set and standard elbow scores (MEPS, OES, DASH score). All complications and unplanned revision surgeries were recorded and all radiographic material was analyzed. RESULTS Initial non-union procedures were performed at an average of 6.6 months (SD 3 months) after the index procedures. Those included the use of autologous spongiosa graft in all patients and concomitant compression re-osteosynthesis in 28 patients. Radiological consolidation was achieved in all patients. Overall, patients achieved a good to fair functional outcome with Mayo elbow performance score measuring 78.5 (SD 9.1), DASH score 34.7 (SD 14.4), and Oxford elbow score 31.2 (SD 6.6) points. Initial malreduction/implant-malposition could be identified as a main reason for the occurrence of the non-union. Furthermore, inferior postoperative outcome was detected in patients > 60 years and BMI > 30 kg/m2. CONCLUSION Using a standardized protocol, bony union and acceptable functional outcomes can be achieved in proximal ulna non-unions. However, surgeons should be aware of potential risk factors and proper initial fracture reduction as key to achieve sufficient bone healing.
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Liang H, Yang Y, Guo W, Yan L, Tang X, Li D, Qu H, Zang J, Du Z. Elbow hemiarthroplasty with a 3D-printed megaprosthesis for defects of the distal humerus or proximal ulna after tumour resection : a preliminary report. Bone Joint J 2022; 104-B:747-757. [PMID: 35638204 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.104b6.bjj-2021-1516.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of application of a 3D-printed megaprosthesis with hemiarthroplasty design for defects of the distal humerus or proximal ulna following tumour resection. METHODS From June 2018 to January 2020, 13 patients with aggressive or malignant tumours involving the distal humerus (n = 8) or proximal ulna (n = 5) were treated by en bloc resection and reconstruction with a 3D-printed megaprosthesis with hemiarthroplasty, designed in our centre. In this paper, we summarize the baseline and operative data, oncological outcome, complication profiles, and functional status of these patients. RESULTS Preparation of the prosthesis was a mean of 8.0 days (SD 1.5), during which time no patients experienced tumour progression. The mean operating time and intraoperative blood loss were 158.1 minutes (SD 67.6) and 176.9 ml (SD 187.8), respectively. All of the prostheses were implanted successfully. During a mean follow-up of 25.7 months (SD 7.8), no patients died, but four had complications (two superficial wound problems, one temporary palsy of radial nerve, and one dislocation). No aseptic loosening, structural failure, infection, heterotopic ossification, or degenerative arthritis was seen in this study. The mean flexion of the elbow was 119.6° (SD 15.9°) and the mean extension lag was 11.9° (SD 13.8°). The mean Musculoskeletal Tumor Society 93 score and Mayo Elbow Performance Score were 28.4 (SD 0.9) and 97.7 (SD 4.4), respectively. CONCLUSION The custom-made, 3D-printed megaprosthesis with hemiarthroplasty is a feasible option for functional reconstruction after resection of a tumour in the distal humerus or proximal ulna. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2022;104-B(6):747-757.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijie Liang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Yan
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Tang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dasen Li
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huayi Qu
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiye Du
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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Han M, Dai B, Shi X. The pediatric proximal ulna: a radiographic study. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2022; 142:395-399. [PMID: 33113014 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-020-03653-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The proximal ulna has been comprehensively described in the anatomic literature and imaging studies. However, to the best of our knowledge, the anatomy of the proximal ulna in children has not been fully described in the literature. METHODS The present study was conducted on 189 children aged between 0 and 12 years (4.7 ± 2.7) by analysis of lateral X-rays of the forearm. Proximal ulna dorsal angulation (PUDA), tip-to-apex (TTA), and total ulnar length (TUL) were measured. The correlation between age and the various X-ray measurements was recorded and then compared with gender differences and adult measurements. Three orthopedic surgeons independently examined the X-ray films and confirmed the reliability of the original observations through intra-group correlation coefficients. RESULTS There was a strong positive correlation between age and TUL (r = 0.834), and a moderately negative correlation between age and PUDA (r = - 0.405). No significant differences were observed between different genders (p > 0.05). Compared with adults, all measurements were smaller except for PUDA, all such measurements statistically significantly different between children and adults (p < 0.05). Interobserver and intraobserver reliability were "very good" for TUL (0.81-1.00), and "good" for PUDA, TTA, and TTA% (0.61-0.80). CONCLUSIONS Good understanding of the anatomy of the pediatric proximal ulna will help to increase the knowledge base in pediatric orthopedic surgeons allowing them to provide improved treatment of fractures. Restoration of the correct forearm anatomy should result in superior clinical and functional results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyuan Han
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Beilun People's Hospital, No.1288, Lushan East Road, Ningbo, 315800, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bo Dai
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Beilun People's Hospital, No.1288, Lushan East Road, Ningbo, 315800, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xuchao Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Beilun People's Hospital, No.1288, Lushan East Road, Ningbo, 315800, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Kilgus S, Eder C, Siegert P, Moroder P, Zimmermann E, Thiele K. The inter-individual anatomical variation of the trochlear notch as a predisposition for simple elbow dislocation. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2022; 142:3405-3413. [PMID: 34953138 PMCID: PMC9522744 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-021-04284-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Besides the multi-layered capsule-ligamentous complex of the elbow joint the high bony congruence in the ulnohumeral joint contributes to elbow stability. Therefore, we assume that specific anatomical configurations of the trochlear notch predispose to dislocation. In case of ligamentous elbow dislocation both conservative and surgical treatment is possible without a clear treatment algorithm. Findings of constitutional bony configurations could help deciding for the best treatment option. METHODS In this retrospective matched-pair analysis we compared MRI imaging from patients sustaining a primary traumatic elbow dislocation (instability group) with patients suffering from chronic lateral epicondylitis (control group), treated between 2009 and 2019. Two independent observers measured different anatomical landmarks of the trochlear notch in a multiplanar reconstructed standardized sagittal trochlear plane (SSTP). Primarily, opening angle and relative depth of the trochlear notch were determined. After adjustment to the proximal ulnar rim in the SSTP, coronoid and olecranon angle, the articular angle as well as the ratio of the tip heights of the trochlear notch were measured. RESULTS We compared 34 patients in the instability group (age 48 ± 14 years, f/m 19/15) with 34 patients in the control group (age 47 ± 16 years, f/m 19/15). Instability group showed a significantly larger opening angle (94.1° ± 6.9° vs. 88.5° ± 6.9°, p = 0.0002), olecranon angle (60.9° ± 5.3° vs. 56.1° ± 5.1°, p < 0.0001) and articular angle (24.7° ± 6.4° vs. 22.3° ± 5.8°, p = 0.02) compared to the control group. Measuring the height from the coronoid (ch) and olecranon (oh) tip also revealed a significantly larger tip ratio (tr = ch/oh) in the instability group (2.7 ± 0.8 vs. 2.2 ± 0.5, p < 0.0001). The relative depth (61.0% ± 8.3% vs. 62.7% ± 6.0%, p = 0.21) of the trochlear notch as well as the coronoid angle (32.8° ± 4.5° vs. 31.7° ± 5.2°, p = 0.30) showed no significant difference in the instability group compared to the control group. The interrater reliability of all measurements was between 0.83 and 0.94. CONCLUSION MRI of patients with elbow dislocation show that there seems to be a bony anatomical predisposition. According to the results, it seems reasonable to include predisposing bony factors in the decision-making process when surgical stabilization and conservative treatment is possible. Further biomechanical studies should prove these assumptions to generate critical bony values helping surgeons with decision making. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Kilgus
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353 Germany
| | - Christian Eder
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353 Germany
| | - Paul Siegert
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353 Germany ,Orthopedic Hospital Speising, Speisinger Street 109, 1130 Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Moroder
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353 Germany
| | - Elke Zimmermann
- Department of Radiology, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, Berlin, 10117 Germany
| | - Kathi Thiele
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353 Germany
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Luceri F, Cucchi D, Rosagrata E, Zaolino CE, Menon A, Radici M, Zagarella A, Catapano M, Gallazzi MB, Arrigoni PA, Randelli PS. Novel Radiographic Indexes for Elbow Stability Assessment: Part B-Preliminary Clinical Study. Indian J Orthop 2021; 55:347-358. [PMID: 34306547 PMCID: PMC8275714 DOI: 10.1007/s43465-021-00399-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The coronoid process plays a key-role in preserving elbow stability. Currently, there are no radiographic indexes conceived to assess the intrinsic elbow stability and the joint congruency. The aim of this study is to present new radiological parameters, which will help assess the intrinsic stability of the ulnohumeral joint and to define normal values of these indexes in a normal, healthy population. METHODS Four independent observers (two orthopaedic surgeons and two radiologists) selected lateral view X-rays of subjects with no history of upper limb disease or surgery. The following radiographic indexes were defined: trochlear depth index (TDI); anterior coverage index (ACI); posterior coverage index (PCI); olecranon-coronoid angle (OCA); radiographic coverage angle (RCA). Inter-observer and intra-observer reproducibility were assessed for each index. RESULTS 126 subjects were included. Standardized lateral elbow radiographs (62 left and 64 right elbows) were obtained and analysed. The mean TDI was 0.46 ± 0.06 (0.3-1.6), the mean ACI was 2.0 ± 0.2 (1.6-3.1) and the mean PCI was 1.3 ± 0.1 (1.0-1.9). The mean RCA was 179.6 ± 8.3° (normalized RCA: 49.9 ± 2.3%) and the mean OCA was 24.6 ± 3.7°. The indexes had a high-grade of inter-observer and intra-observer reliability for each of the four observers. Significantly higher values were found for males for TDI, ACI, PCI and RCA. CONCLUSION The novel radiological parameters described are simple, reliable and easily reproducible. These features make them a promising tool for radiographic evaluation both for orthopaedic surgeons and for radiologists in the emergency department setting or during outpatient services. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Basic Science Study (Case Series). CLINICAL RELEVANCE The novel radiological parameters described are reliable, easily reproducible and become handy for orthopaedic surgeons as well as radiologists in daily clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Luceri
- U.O.C. Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica Universitaria CTO, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Centro Specialistico Ortopedico Traumatologico Gaetano Pini-CTO, Piazza Cardinal Ferrari 1, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Cucchi
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Venurberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Enrico Rosagrata
- U.O.C. Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica Universitaria CTO, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Centro Specialistico Ortopedico Traumatologico Gaetano Pini-CTO, Piazza Cardinal Ferrari 1, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Residency Program, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Eugenio Zaolino
- U.O.C. Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica Universitaria CTO, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Centro Specialistico Ortopedico Traumatologico Gaetano Pini-CTO, Piazza Cardinal Ferrari 1, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Menon
- U.O.C. 1° Clinica Ortopedica, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Centro Specialistico Ortopedico Traumatologico Gaetano Pini-CTO, Piazza Cardinal Ferrari 1, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Applied Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Mattia Radici
- U.O.C. Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica Universitaria CTO, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Centro Specialistico Ortopedico Traumatologico Gaetano Pini-CTO, Piazza Cardinal Ferrari 1, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Residency Program, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Zagarella
- Servizio di Radiologia, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Centro Specialistico Ortopedico Traumatologico Gaetano Pini-CTO, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Catapano
- Servizio di Radiologia, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Centro Specialistico Ortopedico Traumatologico Gaetano Pini-CTO, Milan, Italy
| | - Mauro Battista Gallazzi
- Servizio di Radiologia, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Centro Specialistico Ortopedico Traumatologico Gaetano Pini-CTO, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Angelo Arrigoni
- U.O.C. Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica Universitaria CTO, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Centro Specialistico Ortopedico Traumatologico Gaetano Pini-CTO, Piazza Cardinal Ferrari 1, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Applied Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Simone Randelli
- U.O.C. 1° Clinica Ortopedica, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Centro Specialistico Ortopedico Traumatologico Gaetano Pini-CTO, Piazza Cardinal Ferrari 1, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Applied Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
- REsearch Center for Adult and Pediatric Rheumatic Diseases (RECAP-RD), Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Hopf JC, Nowak TE, Mehler D, Arand C, Gruszka D, Westphal R, Rommens PM. Nailing vs. plating in comminuted proximal ulna fractures - a biomechanical analysis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:616. [PMID: 32943020 PMCID: PMC7495877 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-03637-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Comminuted proximal ulna fractures are severe injuries with a high degree of instability. These injuries require surgical treatment, usually angular stable plating or double plating is performed. Nailing of proximal ulna fracture is described but not performed regularly. The aim of this study was to compare a newly developed, locked proximal ulna nail with an angular stable plate in an unstable fracture of the proximal ulna. We hypothesize, that locked nailing of the proximal ulna will provide non-inferior stability compared to locked plating. Methods A defect fracture distal to the coronoid was simulated in 20 sawbones. After nailing or plate osteosynthesis the constructs were tested in a servo-pneumatic testing machine under physiological joint motion (0°-90°) and cyclic loading (30 N – 300 N). Intercyclic osteotomy gap motion and plastic deformation of the constructs were analyzed using micromotion video-analysis. Results The locked nail showed lower osteotomy gap motion (0.50 ± 0.15 mm) compared to the angular stable plate (1.57 ± 0.37 mm, p < 0.001). At the anterior cortex the plastic deformation of the constructs was significantly lower for the locked nail (0.09 ± 0.17 mm vs. 0.39 ± 0.27 mm, p = 0.003). No statistically significant differences were observed at the posterior cortex for both parameters. Conclusions Nail osteosynthesis in comminuted proximal ulna fractures shows lower osteotomy gap motion and lower amount of plastic deformation compared to locking plate osteosynthesis under laboratory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Christof Hopf
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Tobias Eckhard Nowak
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dorothea Mehler
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Charlotte Arand
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dominik Gruszka
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ruben Westphal
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Pol Maria Rommens
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
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Eden L, Frey SP, Gilbert F, Jordan MC, Fenwick A, Meffert RH. Anatomically shaped locking plates for radial head and olecranon fracture fixation in Monteggia-like lesions. Technol Health Care 2019; 28:193-201. [PMID: 31594272 DOI: 10.3233/thc-191812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monteggia-like lesions are rare injuries. We retrospectively reviewed 40 consecutive patients with Monteggia-like lesions treated at a level I trauma center from 2009 to 2016. Clinical results were evaluated with a focus on the use of modern locking plates. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS Twenty-eight patients had Bado type II fractures, 11 had Bado type I, and 1 had Bado type III. All patients were treated by plate fixation of the ulna with a locking compression plate or double mini-plates. Fixation or replacement was performed for radial head fractures. We characterized all fractures and recorded the range of motion (ROM); 100-point visual analog scale (VAS) scores for pain and function; Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score; and Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS). A follow-up rate of 78% was reached at an average of 36 months (range, 12-95 months). RESULTS Stable fixation without recurrent instability was accomplished. The average ROM for flexion reached 130∘ with an extension deficit of 13∘. The sum of supination and pronation was 136∘. The VAS scores for pain and function were 20 and 75, respectively. The average MEPS and DASH scores were 84 and 28, respectively. Bado type I fractures had better outcomes for all variables, especially forearm rotation (p< 0.05). The complication rate was 22.5% and revision rate was 17.5%. CONCLUSION This fracture repair technique can safely achieve good and excellent outcomes in most cases and is partly superior to previously published techniques. However, Bado type II fractures still have a risk of poor results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Eden
- Department of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Julius-Maximilians-University, Wuerzburg, Germany.,Department of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Julius-Maximilians-University, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Sönke P Frey
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, St. Josef-Hospital Bochum, Katholisches Klinikum Bochum, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany.,Department of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Julius-Maximilians-University, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Gilbert
- Department of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Julius-Maximilians-University, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Martin C Jordan
- Department of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Julius-Maximilians-University, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Annabel Fenwick
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Klinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Rainer H Meffert
- Department of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Julius-Maximilians-University, Wuerzburg, Germany
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Totlis T, Otountzidis N, Papadopoulos S, Piagkou M, Natsis K. Ulnar trochlear notch articular surface has three morphological patterns: a neglected major anatomical feature. Surg Radiol Anat 2019; 41:1333-6. [PMID: 31473784 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-019-02310-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The typical anatomical illustration of the trochlear notch articular surface includes a transverse rough non-articular ridge which separates the olecranon and coronoid part of the joint. This transverse ridge, the "bare area", is not covered by cartilage and represents the optimal entry point for olecranon osteotomies. Aim of the present study was to encounter the anatomical variations in the morphology of the trochlear notch articular surface. METHODS Two-hundred seventy-three dried ulnae were inspected and a qualitative classification of the variations of the trochlear notch articular surface was done. Correlation to gender and side was examined. RESULTS Three distinct morphological patterns were observed. Separate olecranon and coronoid facets (Type I) were the most common pattern (165/273, 60.4%). Partial fusion of olecranon and coronoid facets (Type II) was observed in 75 out of 273 bones (27.5%), while a single olecranon and coronoid facet (Type III) was present in 33 out of 273 bones (12.1%). The occurrence of Type II and III was significantly more common in females (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The most common morphological pattern of the proximal ulna articular surface was the olecranon and coronoid facets separated by the transverse ridge, which is considered as the typical anatomical pattern. The partial fusion of olecranon and coronoid facets was the second most common pattern (27.5%) and the single olecranon and coronoid facet with no transverse ridge present was the rarest one (12.1%). These variations affect the area covered by cartilage. They are noticeable in an elbow MRI and they may have implications on olecranon osteotomy. Absence of the transverse ridge may confuse the surgeon during elbow arthroscopy.
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Hackl M, Mayer K, Weber M, Staat M, van Riet R, Burkhart KJ, Müller LP, Wegmann K. Plate Osteosynthesis of Proximal Ulna Fractures-A Biomechanical Micromotion Analysis. J Hand Surg Am 2017; 42:834.e1-834.e7. [PMID: 28606433 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2017.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Double plating has been promoted, in recent years, as an alternative treatment method for proximal ulna fractures. This study aimed to compare the biomechanical properties of double-plate osteosynthesis with posterior plate fixation using a novel investigational design utilizing a 3-dimensional camera system to analyze fracture micromotion. METHODS Fourteen fresh-frozen specimens were available for this study. Mayo type IIA fractures of the olecranon were created and internal fixation was performed with either an angular stable posterior plate or angular stable double plates. Fracture micromotion was evaluated by means of digital image correlation with a 3-dimensional camera system before and after dynamic cyclic loading from 15° to 90° of elbow flexion with a pulling force of 25 N to 80 N. RESULTS Micromotion of fragments was less pronounced in double-plate osteosynthesis when compared with single plates before and after cyclic loading. However, overall results were similar. Two of the single plates failed during cyclic loading but there were no failures in the double plates. CONCLUSIONS This biomechanical analysis shows that single and double plating results in comparable stability of fixation. Although the double-plating technique tends to provide more stable fixation, relevant differences were not observed. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Double plating potentially represents an efficient option for fixation of proximal ulna fractures. It could decrease the risk of soft tissue complications owing to their low profile and the superior soft tissue coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hackl
- Center for Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany; Institute of Anatomy I, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Katharina Mayer
- Institute of Bioengineering, Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Jülich, Germany
| | - Mareike Weber
- Institute of Bioengineering, Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Jülich, Germany
| | - Manfred Staat
- Institute of Bioengineering, Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Jülich, Germany
| | - Roger van Riet
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Monica Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Lars Peter Müller
- Center for Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kilian Wegmann
- Center for Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
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Megas P, Kokkalis ZT, Iliopoulos I, Pantazis K, Tyllianakis M, Panagopoulos A. Ulnohumeral reconstruction with autogenous, nonvascularized, fibular graft for metastatic clear cell renal carcinoma of the proximal ulna: a case report. JSES Open Access 2017; 1:90-3. [PMID: 30675546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jses.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Ao R, Zhang X, Li D, Chen F, Zhou J, Yu B. The Bare Area of the Proximal Ulna: An Anatomic Study With Relevance to Chevron Osteotomy. J Hand Surg Am 2017; 42:471.e1-471.e6. [PMID: 28365147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2017.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE A chevron osteotomy of the ulna is widely used to obtain intra-articular access to the elbow in the treatment of type C distal humerus fractures. The trochlear notch of the proximal ulna is divided into 2 articular parts by the "bare area." Ideally, the olecranon osteotomy should be centered on the bare area to minimize damage to the joint cartilage. The goals of this study were to describe the anatomy of the bare area and design an ideal chevron-shaped osteotomy. METHODS We dissected 38 cadaver elbows and measured the width of the bare area, the distance between the tip of the triceps insertion and the area on the olecranon cortex corresponding to the bare area. We then designed a chevron osteotomy to stay within the bare area and measured the distance from the tip of the triceps insertion to the osteotomy apex as well as the angle of the osteotomy plane and the angle of the chevron cuts. RESULTS The bare area existed in all 38 cadavers. The mean longitudinal and transverse widths were 4.0 mm (range, 1.0-8.6 mm) and 19.0 mm (range, 16.9-23.8 mm), respectively. The mean distance between the tip of the triceps insertion and the area on the olecranon cortex corresponding to the bare area was 19.0 mm (range, 16.0-23.0 mm). The mean transverse and longitudinal widths of the cortical notch were 3.0 mm (range, 1.6-4.5 mm) and 8.0 mm (range, 6.5-14.8 mm), respectively. The mean distance between the tip of the triceps insertion and the osteotomy apex was 22.0 mm (range, 18.0-24.0 mm) and the mean angle between the osteotomy surface and the vertical plane corresponding to the tangent plane was 20° (range, 10° to 25°). The mean angle of the V shape was 140° (range, 130° to 150°). CONCLUSIONS Using the narrowest edge lacking cartilage (lateral or medial side) as a point of reference to locate the bare area, the designed chevron osteotomy entered the joint in the bare area in most specimens and decreased associated damage to the joint cartilage. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study describes the anatomy of the bare area and the design of the ideal chevron-shaped osteotomy to treat type C distal humerus fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongguang Ao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Shanghai Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Shanghai Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Dejian Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Shanghai Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Fancheng Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Shanghai Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Shanghai Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Baoqing Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Shanghai Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China.
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Abstract
The olecranon process, coronoid process, and greater sigmoid notch are important components of the complex proximal ulna. Along with providing bony stability to the ulnohumeral joint, the proximal ulna serves as the attachment site of many important muscles and ligaments that impart soft tissue stability to the elbow joint. Management of proximal ulnar fractures continues to evolve as advances in imaging and anatomic and biomechanical studies have led to improvements in available implants; however, controversies remain, as shown in the current relevant literature.
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