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Struijs F, Hooijmans CR, Buijs M, Dahan A, Hoffmann S, Kiffen R, Mandrioli D, Menon J, Ritskes-Hoitinga M, Roeleveld N, de Ruijter A, Scheffer GJ, Schlünssen V, Scheepers PTJ. Establishing a health-based recommended occupational exposure limit for isoflurane using experimental animal data: a systematic review protocol. Syst Rev 2023; 12:166. [PMID: 37710304 PMCID: PMC10503167 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-023-02331-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isoflurane is used as an inhalation anesthetic in medical, paramedical, and veterinary practice. Epidemiological studies suggest an increased risk of miscarriages and malformations at birth related to maternal exposure to isoflurane and other inhalation anesthetics. However, these studies cannot be used to derive an occupational exposure level (OEL), because exposure was not determined quantitatively and other risk factors such as co-exposures to other inhalation anesthetics and other work-related factors may also have contributed to the observed adverse outcomes. The aim of this systematic review project is to assess all available evidence on the effects of isoflurane in studies of controlled exposures in laboratory animals to derive a health-based recommended OEL. METHODS A comprehensive search strategy was developed to retrieve all animal studies addressing isoflurane exposure from PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science. Title-abstract screening will be performed by machine learning, and full-text screening by one reviewer. Discrepancies will be resolved by discussion. We will include primary research in healthy, sexually mature (non human) vertebrates of single exposure to isoflurane. Studies describing combined exposure and treatments with > = 1 vol% isoflurane will be excluded. Subsequently, details regarding study identification, study design, animal model, and intervention will be summarized. All relevant exposure characteristics and outcomes will be extracted. The risk of bias will be assessed by two independent reviewers using an adapted version of the SYRCLE's risk of bias tool and an addition of the OHAT tool. For all outcomes for which dose-response curves can be derived, the benchmark dose (BMD) approach will be used to establish a point of departure for deriving a recommended health-based recommended OEL for 8 h (workshift exposure) and for 15 min (short-term exposure). DISCUSSION Included studies should be sufficiently sensitive to detect the adverse health outcomes of interest. Uncertainties in the extrapolation from animals to humans will be addressed using assessment factor. These factors are justified in accordance with current practice in chemical risk assessment. A panel of experts will be involved to reach consensus decisions regarding significant steps in this project, such as determination of the critical effects and how to extrapolate from animals to humans. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42022308978.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fréderique Struijs
- Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Carlijn R Hooijmans
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain and Palliative Care, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marije Buijs
- Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Dahan
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Hoffmann
- The Evidence-Based Toxicology Collaboration (EBTC), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Romy Kiffen
- Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniele Mandrioli
- Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center, Ramazzini Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Julia Menon
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Nel Roeleveld
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anne de Ruijter
- Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gert Jan Scheffer
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain and Palliative Care, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Vivi Schlünssen
- Department of Public Health, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- National Research Center for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paul T J Scheepers
- Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Liang D, Li Y, Li S, Meng D, Li F, Huang S, Gong M, Qin J, Li H. Dose-dependent inhibitory effects of glyphosate on invasive Pomacea canaliculata reproductive and developmental growth under oxidative deposition. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 253:114659. [PMID: 36812869 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate (GLY) is the most widely used herbicide worldwide, and its effects on animals and plants have attracted increasing attention. In this study, we explored the following: (1) the effects of multigenerational chronic exposure to GLY and H2O2, alone or in combination, on the egg hatching rate and individual morphology of Pomacea canaliculata; and (2) the effects of short-term chronic exposure to GLY and H2O2, alone or in combination, on the reproductive system of P. canaliculata. The results showed that H2O2 and GLY exposure had distinct inhibitory effects on the hatching rate and individual growth indices with a substantial dose effect, and the F1 generation had the lowest resistance. In addition, with the prolongation of exposure time, the ovarian tissue was damaged, and the fecundity decreased; however, the snails could still lay eggs. In conclusion, these results suggest that P. canaliculata can tolerate low concentrations of pollution and in addition to drug dosage, the control should focus on two time points, the juvenile and early stage of spawning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxia Liang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation and Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture of China, South China Agricultural University /Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yinshi Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture of China, South China Agricultural University /Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shuoyu Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture of China, South China Agricultural University /Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Dele Meng
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture of China, South China Agricultural University /Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Fengchun Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture of China, South China Agricultural University /Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Siying Huang
- Institute of Agricultural Economics and Information, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Maojian Gong
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture of China, South China Agricultural University /Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Shenzhen Agricultural Science and Technology Promotion Center, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Junhao Qin
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture of China, South China Agricultural University /Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Huashou Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture of China, South China Agricultural University /Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Yao Y, Chen Z, Zhang T, Tang M. Adverse reproductive and developmental consequences of quantum dots. Environ Res 2022; 213:113666. [PMID: 35697086 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs), with a size of 1-10 nm, are luminescent semiconductor nanocrystals characterized by a shell-core structure. Notably, QDs have potential application in bioimaging owing to their higher fluorescence performance than conventional fluorescent dyes. To date, QDs has been widely used in photovoltaic devices, supercapacitors, electrocatalysis, photocatalysis. In recent years, scientists have focused on whether the use of QDs can interfere with the reproductive and developmental processes of organisms, resulting in serious population and community problems. In this study, we first analyze the possible reproductive and development toxicity of QDs. Next, we summarize the possible mechanisms underlying QDs' interference with reproduction and development, including oxidative stress, altered gametogenesis and fetal development gene expression, autophagy and apoptosis, and release of metal ions. Thereafter, we highlight some potential aspects that can be used to eliminate or reduce QDs toxicity. Based on QDs' unique physical and chemical properties, a comprehensive range of toxicity test data is urgently needed to build structure-activity relationship to quickly evaluate the ecological safety of each kind of QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongshuai Yao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaofang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Meng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
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Menon JML, van Luijk JAKR, Swinkels J, Lukas E, Ritskes-Hoitinga M, Roeleveld N, Schlünssen V, Mandrioli D, Hoffmann S, Popa M, Scheepers PTJ. A health-based recommended occupational exposure limit for nitrous oxide using experimental animal data based on a systematic review and dose-response analysis. Environ Res 2021; 201:111575. [PMID: 34174259 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a common inhalation anaesthetic used in medical, paramedical, and veterinary practice. Since the mid 1950's, concerns have been raised regarding occupational exposure to N2O, leading to many epidemiological and experimental animal studies. Previous evaluations resulted in the classification of N2O as a possible risk factor for adverse reproductive health outcomes based on animal data. Human data were deemed inadequate primarily because of simultaneous co-exposures to other risk factors for adverse reproductive and developmental outcomes, including other anaesthetic gases. Since previous evaluations, controversies regarding N2O use remained and new approaches for dose response modelling have been adopted, calling for an update and re-evaluation of the body of evidence. This review aims to assess available animal evidence on N2O reproductive and developmental outcomes to inform a health-based recommended occupational exposure limit (OEL) for N2O with a benchmark dose-response modelling (BMD) approach. METHODS Comprehensive searches in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science were performed to retrieve all relevant studies addressing reproductive and developmental outcomes related to inhalation of N2O in animals. The articles retrieved were screened based on title-abstract and full text by two independent reviewers. After data extraction, an overview of all studies was created for the different endpoints, namely foetal outcomes (e.g., resorption), female outcomes (e.g. implantations), and male outcomes (e.g. sperm count). A subset of studies reporting on exposure relevant to workplace settings and with a sufficient number of tested doses were included in dose-response modelling using the BMD approach. RESULTS In total, 15.816 articles were retrieved, of which 47 articles were finally included while 4 of those were used for the quantitative data synthesis. The overall risk of bias was judged to be probably high (using OHAT risk of bias tool) and unclear (using SYRCLE's risk of bias tool). From eligible rat studies, three studies provided an acceptable result by fitting a Hill model to the dose-response data. The resulting benchmark dose lower bounds (BMDLs) from three studies converged to an average (±sd) exposure level of 925 ± 2 mg/m3 at an additional risk of one standard deviation of implantation losses above those observed in the control group (i.e. reduced number of live foetuses/mother). For extrapolation from rats to humans, an uncertainty factor of 10 was used and an additional factor of 5 was applied to account for interindividual variability within the population of workers. CONCLUSION With this systematic review, all available evidence for reproductive toxicity and adverse developmental outcomes in animals resulting from inhalation exposure to N2O was used to derive a health-based OEL recommendation of 20 mg/m3 as 8-h time-weighted average.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M L Menon
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Judith A K R van Luijk
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Janne Swinkels
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Eva Lukas
- Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Merel Ritskes-Hoitinga
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nel Roeleveld
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Vivi Schlünssen
- Department of Public Health, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark and National Research Center for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniele Mandrioli
- Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center, Ramazzini Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sebastian Hoffmann
- The Evidence-Based Toxicology Collaboration (EBTC), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | | | - Paul T J Scheepers
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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5
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Yan Z, Jin X, Liu D, Hong Y, Liao W, Feng C, Bai Y. The potential connections of adverse outcome pathways with the hazard identifications of typical organophosphate esters based on toxicity mechanisms. Chemosphere 2021; 266:128989. [PMID: 33228983 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Following the world-wide ban of brominated flame retardants (BFRs), organophosphate esters (OPEs), which could potentially affect human health and ecosystem safety, have been frequently detected in various environmental media. However, the knowledge regarding the underlying toxicity effects of OPEs remains limited. In order to address these issues, this study reviewed the related reports which have been published in recent years. This analysis process included 12 OPEs, 10 model organisms, and 15 cell lines, which were used to systematically examine the mechanisms of endocrine disruption, neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and cardiotoxicity, as well as reproductive and developmental toxicity. Subsequently, an adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework of the toxicological effects of OPEs was built. The results demonstrated that multiple different pathways may lead to a single same adverse outcome (AO), and there was a certain degree of correlation among the different AOs. It was found that among all the 12 OPEs, tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) may potentially be the most toxic. In addition, rather than the parent chemicals, the metabolites of OPEs may also have different degrees of toxicity effects on aquatic organisms and humans. Overall, the results of the present study also suggested that an AOP framework should be built via fully utilizing the existing toxicity data of OPEs based on in vivo-in vitro-in silico to completely and deeply understand the toxic mechanisms of OPEs. This improved knowledge could then provide a theoretical basis for ecological risk assessments and water quality criteria research in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Xiaowei Jin
- China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Daqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Yajun Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Wei Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; Jiangxi Irrigation Experiment Central Station, Nanchang, 330201, China
| | - Chenglian Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Yingchen Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
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6
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van Luijk JAKR, Popa M, Swinkels J, Menon JML, Alkema W, Roeleveld N, Hoffmann SE, Schlünssen V, Mandrioli D, Ritskes-Hoitinga M, Scheepers PTJ. Establishing a health-based recommended occupational exposure limit for nitrous oxide using experimental animal data - A systematic review protocol. Environ Res 2019; 178:108711. [PMID: 31520819 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) is widely used as inhalation analgesic and anaesthetic in medical, paramedical, and veterinary practice. Previous evaluations resulted in classification of N 2 O as a possible risk factor for adverse reproductive health outcomes based on evidence from animal data. Available human data were considered inadequate, partly due to the possibility that other risk factors, such as co-exposures to other inhalation anaesthetics may have contributed to the adverse outcomes. As no substantial new human evidence has emerged since previous evaluations, this protocol describes a planned systematic review of the evidence obtained from animal studies. The aim is to assess the available evidence on the effects of N 2 O on reproductive and developmental outcomes in animals to inform a health-based recommended occupational exposure limit (OEL) for N 2 O. Comprehensive search strategies were designed to retrieve animal studies addressing N 2 O exposure from PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science. Screening of the studies retrieved will be performed by at least two independent reviewers, while discrepancies will be resolved by reaching consensus through repeated review and discussions. Articles will be included according to criteria specified in this protocol. Outcome data relevant for reproduction and development will be extracted and risk of bias will be assessed by two independent reviewers using the SYRCLE's risk of bias tool. Primary reproductive and developmental outcomes of interest will be the number of resorptions, malformations, and birth weight. We will focus on dose-response studies that allow to derive an OEL with the benchmark dose (BMD) approach. Adverse outcomes occurring at doses that are equivalent to the exposures occurring in human occupational settings will be particularly relevant for dose-response modelling. The proposed review has not been performed before. We will follow the procedures specified in this protocol. We will adhere to guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), adapted for animal studies. Ethical approval will not be required, as the review will use existing data available in the public domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith A K R van Luijk
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Madalina Popa
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Janne Swinkels
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Julia M L Menon
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Wynand Alkema
- Center for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud Institue for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Nel Roeleveld
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Sebastian E Hoffmann
- The Evidence-Based Toxicology Collaboration (EBTC), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA.
| | - Vivi Schlünssen
- Aarhus University, Aarhus, and National Research Center for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Daniele Mandrioli
- Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center, Ramazzini Institute, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Merel Ritskes-Hoitinga
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Paul T J Scheepers
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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Eze UA, Huntriss J, Routledge MN, Gong YY, Connolly L. The effect of individual and mixtures of mycotoxins and persistent organochloride pesticides on oestrogen receptor transcriptional activation using in vitro reporter gene assays. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 130:68-78. [PMID: 31082460 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The mycotoxins zearalenone (ZEN) and alpha-zearalenone (α-ZOL), which are common contaminants of agri-food products, are known for their oestrogenic potential. In addition to mycotoxins, food may also contain pesticides with oestrogenic properties such as 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethane (p,p'-DDT) and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethylene (p,p'-DDE), raising the question on the potential effects of individual and combinations of these xeno-oestrogens on the action of natural oestrogens. The present study employed a mammalian reporter gene assay to assess the effects individual and binary combinations of these environmental and food-borne contaminants on oestrogen nuclear receptor (ER) transactivation. As expected, α-ZOL and ZEN exhibited the strongest oestrogenic potency (EC50: 0.27 ± 0.121 nM and 1.32 ± 0.0956 nM, respectively) whereas p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE had weak ER agonistic activity with the maximal response of 28.70 ± 2.97% and 18.65 ± 1.77%, respectively. Concurrent treatment of the mycotoxins and/or pesticides, individually or in binary combination, with 17β-oestradiol (E2) showed either additive, synergistic or antagonistic interactive effects on E2-mediated ER response, depending on the combination ratios, the concentration range of xeno-oestrogens, and the concentration of E2. This study highlights the importance of assessing the mixture effects of chemical contaminants in risk assessment, especially in the area of reproductive and developmental toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ukpai A Eze
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, Food Science Building, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ebonyi State University, P. M. B. 053, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - John Huntriss
- Division of Reproduction and Early Development, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Michael N Routledge
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Yun Yun Gong
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, Food Science Building, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK; Department of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing, 100021, PR China.
| | - Lisa Connolly
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queens University Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT9 5AF, UK
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Guan T, He N, Li M, Zhang DL, Zhao CH, Qian ZY. [ Reproductive and developmental toxicity of 2- (2H-1, 2, 3-benzotriazol-2-yl) -4-methyl-6- (2-methylpropen-2-yl) phenol in mice: an experimental study]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2018; 36:50-52. [PMID: 29495182 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2018.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the reproductive and developmental toxicity of 2- (2H-1, 2, 3-benzotriazol-2-yl) -4-methyl-6- (2-methylpropen-2-yl) phenol in mice and to provide a basis for its risk assessment. Methods: The reproductive and developmental toxicity of 2- (2H-1, 2, 3-benzotriazol-2-yl) -4-methyl-6- (2-methylpropen-2-yl) phenol was tested using the screening method of chemicals with reproductive and developmental toxicity in "Chemical Testing Method" (SEPA). After five days of adaptive feeding, 120 specific pathogen-free healthy Kunming mice (male/female ratio=1:1) were orally administered 0 (control) , 146, 292, and 584 mg/kg 2- (2H-1, 2, 3-benzotriazol-2-yl) -4-methyl-6- (2-methylpropen-2-yl) phenol for two weeks. One male mouse was mated with one female mouse in a single cage. The day on which a vaginal plug was observed was defined as gestation day 0 (GD0). The exposure for female mice was sustained to four days postpartum and the exposure for male mice was sustained for two weeks after mating. The body weight, food intake, body length, tail length, and sex ratio were recorded and the reproductive index was calculated. The reproductive organs were weighed and subjected to histopathological examination. Results: The 584 mg/kg group had significantly lower body weight at weeks 5 and 6 and food intake at week 6 in male mice, uterus weight and uterus/body weight ratio in female mice, and body weight, body length, and tail length on day 0 in offspring compared with the control group (all P<0.05). The 292 mg/kg group had significantly lower testis weight of male mice and food intake of female mice at gestational week 2 than the control group (both P<0.05). The 146 mg/kg group had significantly lower food intake of female mice at gestational week 2 than the control group (P<0.05) . Conclusion: For male and female Kunming mice, the no observed adverse effect levels of 2- (2H-1, 2, 3, -benzotriazol-2-yl) -4-methyl-6- (2-methylpropen-2-yl) phenol are both 146 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Guan
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China
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Api AM, Belsito D, Bhatia S, Bruze M, Calow P, Dagli ML, Dekant W, Fryer AD, Kromidas L, La Cava S, Lalko JF, Lapczynski A, Liebler DC, Politano VT, Ritacco G, Salvito D, Schultz TW, Shen J, Sipes IG, Wall B, Wilcox DK. RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, α-Methylbenzyl acetate, CAS Registry Number 93-92-5. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 97S:S57-S68. [PMID: 26829616 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The use of this material under current use conditions is supported by the existing information. This material was evaluated for genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, developmental toxicity, reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, phototoxicity, skin sensitization potential, as well as, environmental safety. Developmental toxicity was determined to have the most conservative systemic exposure derived NO[A]EL of 100 mg/kg/day. A gavage developmental toxicity study conducted in rats on a suitable read across analog resulted in aMOE of 3571 while considering 78.7% absorption from skin contact and 100% from inhalation. A MOE of >100 is deemed acceptable.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Api
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA.
| | - D Belsito
- Columbia University Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, 161 Fort Washington Ave., New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - S Bhatia
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - M Bruze
- Malmo University Hospital, Department of Occupational & Environmental Dermatology, Sodra Forstadsgatan 101, Entrance 47, Malmo, SE-20502, Sweden
| | - P Calow
- Humphrey School of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota, 301 19th Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - M L Dagli
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Pathology, Av. Prof. dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, Sao Paulo, CEP, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - W Dekant
- University of Wuerzburg, Department of Toxicology, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - A D Fryer
- Oregon Health Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - L Kromidas
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - S La Cava
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - J F Lalko
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - A Lapczynski
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - D C Liebler
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, 638 Robinson Research Building, 2200 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN, 37232-0146, USA
| | - V T Politano
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - G Ritacco
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - D Salvito
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - T W Schultz
- The University of Tennessee, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Comparative Medicine, 2407 River Dr., Knoxville, TN, 37996-4500, USA
| | - J Shen
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - I G Sipes
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, College of Medicine, 1501 North Campbell Avenue, P.O. Box 245050, Tucson, AZ, 85724-5050, USA
| | - B Wall
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
| | - D K Wilcox
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ, 07677, USA
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10
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Api AM, Belsito D, Bhatia S, Bruze M, Calow P, Dagli ML, Dekant W, Fryer AD, Kromidas L, La Cava S, Lalko JF, Lapczynski A, Liebler DC, Miyachi Y, Politano VT, Ritacco G, Salvito D, Schultz TW, Shen J, Sipes IG, Wall B, Wilcox DK. RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, Eugenol, CAS Registry Number 97-53-0. Food Chem Toxicol 2015; 97S:S25-S37. [PMID: 26702986 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The use of this material under current use conditions is supported by the existing information. This material was evaluated for genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, developmental toxicity, reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, phototoxicity, skin sensitization potential, as well as, environmental safety. Reproductive toxicity was determined to have the most conservative systemic exposure derived NO[A]EL of 230 mg/kg/day. A gavage multigenerational continuous breeding study conducted in rats on a suitable read across analog resulted in a MOE of 12,105 while considering 22.6% absorption from skin contact and 100% from inhalation. A MOE of >100 is deemed acceptable.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Api
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, USA.
| | - D Belsito
- Member RIFM Expert Panel, Columbia University Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, 161 Fort Washington Ave., New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - S Bhatia
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, USA
| | - M Bruze
- Member RIFM Expert Panel, Malmo University Hospital, Department of Occupational & Environmental Dermatology, Sodra Forstadsgatan 101, Entrance 47, Malmo SE-20502, Sweden
| | - P Calow
- Member RIFM Expert Panel, Humphrey School of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota, 301 19th Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - M L Dagli
- Member RIFM Expert Panel, University of Sao Paulo, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Pathology, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, Sao Paulo CEP 05508-900, Brazil
| | - W Dekant
- Member RIFM Expert Panel, University of Wuerzburg, Department of Toxicology, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - A D Fryer
- Member RIFM Expert Panel, Oregon Health Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - L Kromidas
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, USA
| | - S La Cava
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, USA
| | - J F Lalko
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, USA
| | - A Lapczynski
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, USA
| | - D C Liebler
- Member RIFM Expert Panel, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, 638 Robinson Research Building, 2200 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, USA
| | - Y Miyachi
- Member RIFM Expert Panel, Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - V T Politano
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, USA
| | - G Ritacco
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, USA
| | - D Salvito
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, USA
| | - T W Schultz
- Member RIFM Expert Panel, The University of Tennessee, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Comparative Medicine, 2407 River Dr., Knoxville, TN 37996-4500, USA
| | - J Shen
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, USA
| | - I G Sipes
- Member RIFM Expert Panel, Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, College of Medicine, 1501 North Campbell Avenue, P.O. Box 245050, Tucson, AZ 85724-5050, USA
| | - B Wall
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, USA
| | - D K Wilcox
- Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc., 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, USA
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Lim JH, Kim SH, Kim KH, Park NH, Shin IS, Moon C, Park SH, Kim SH, Kim JC. Reproductive and developmental toxicity of amitraz in sprague-dawley rats. Toxicol Res 2010; 26:67-74. [PMID: 24278508 PMCID: PMC3834456 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2010.26.1.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2010] [Revised: 02/06/2010] [Accepted: 02/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to obtain information on the effects of amitraz on reproductive and developmental parameters in rats. The test chemical was administered via the drinking water containing 0, 40, 120, and 360 ppm to male rats from 2 weeks before mating to the end of 14-day mating period and to females from 2 weeks before mating, throughout mating, gestation and up to lactational day 4. During the study period, clinical signs, body weights, food intake, organ weights, reproductive and littering findings, necropsy findings, sperm parameters, and histopathology were examined. At 360 ppm, decreases in the body weight gain, food consumption, and the number of live pups and an increase in the post-implantation loss were observed. In addition, decreases in the seminal vesicle weight and sperm motility were found in males. At 120 ppm, a decrease in the food consumption was found transiently in both males and females, but no reproductive and developmental toxicity was observed in both sexes. There were no signs of either general or reproductive and developmental toxicity in the 40 ppm group. Based on these results, it was concluded that the repeated oral administration of amitraz to rats resulted in a decrease in the food consumption at 120 ppm and decreases in the seminal vesicle weight, sperm motility, and the number of live pups and an increase in the post-implantation loss at 360 ppm in rats. Under these experimental conditions, the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of amitraz for general and reproduction/developmental toxicity was believed to be 120 ppm, and the no-observed-effect level (NOEL) of amitraz was believed to be 40 ppm in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hyeon Lim
- Animal Medical Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea
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