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Xin X, Chang HM, Leung PCK, Dong L, Li J, Lian F, Wu H. Bone morphogenetic protein 6 induces downregulation of pentraxin 3 expression in human granulosa lutein cells in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Assist Reprod Genet 2024; 41:31-48. [PMID: 37930517 PMCID: PMC10789681 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-023-02972-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate whether PTX3 is differentially expressed in the granulosa lutein cells derived from women with PCOS and whether BMP6 can regulate the expression of PTX3 in hGL cells. METHODS The expression levels of BMP6 and PTX3 in granulosa lutein cells were evaluated by RT-qPCR. The correlation between the expression levels of BMP6 /PTX3 and oocyte quality indexes were analyzed using clinical samples. The cells were incubated with BMP6 at different concentrations and times to check the expression of PTX3 in KGN cells. TGF-β type I inhibitors and small interfering RNA targeting ALK2/3/6,SMAD1/5/8 and SMAD4 were used to study the involvement of SMAD dependent pathways in KGN cells. RESULTS The levels of BMP6 in hGL cells were negatively correlated with the corresponding oocyte maturation rate and high-quality embryo rate, whereas the levels of PTX3 were positively correlated with the corresponding oocyte maturation rate in PCOS. Additionally, the in vitro cell cultured results showed BMP6 significantly inhibited the expression of PTX3 in KGN cells. Furthermore, using a dual inhibition approach (kinase inhibitors and small interfering RNAs), we identified the ALK2/ALK3 type I receptors and BMPR2/ACVR2A type II receptors and the downstream SMAD1/SMAD5-SMAD4 signaling pathway were responsible for the BMP6-induced cellular activities in KGN cells. CONCLUSIONS The suppressive effect of BMP6 on PTX3 was mediated by ALK2/ALK3 type I receptors and BMPR2/ACVR2A type II receptors in granulosa cells through the SMAD1/5-SMAD4 dependent signaling pathway in PCOS.Our findings provides new insights into the understanding of the pathogenesis of PCOS-related ovulatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xin
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, China
| | - Hsun-Ming Chang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Peter C K Leung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Li Dong
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, China
| | - Jiaxi Li
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, China
| | - Fang Lian
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Haicui Wu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China.
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Lei Y, Zhao C, Chang H, Zhang D, Li Y, Anderson GJ, Shen Y, Duan X, Chang YZ. Calcitonin increases hepatic hepcidin expression through the BMP6 of kidney in mice. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 68:126796. [PMID: 34098241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is frequently accompanied by iron disorders. Calcitonin (CT) was approved as a clinical drug to treat osteoporosis. Hepcidin is a peptide hormone that is secreted by the liver and controls body iron homeostasis. Hepcidin deficiency leads to iron overload diseases. This study was aimed at investigating the effect of CT on hepatic hepcidin and the mechanism by which CT modulates hepatic hepcidin pathways and iron metabolism. METHOD RT-PCR, Western blot, ELISA and siRNA were used to detect the effect of CT on iron metabolism in vivo and in vitro. In addition, the regulatory signal molecules of hepcidin were measured to explore the molecular mechanism of its regulation. RESULTS The results showed that CT strongly increased hepcidin expression and altered iron homeostasis, after mice were intraperitoneal injection of CT. In response to CT administration, BMP6 level in kidney and the serum BMP6 was increased significantly. The phosphorylation of Smad1/5/8 proteins in liver was increased at 3 h and 6 h. Moreover, the Bmp inhibitor LDN-193,189 pretreatment significantly attenuated the CT-mediated increases in phosphorylated Smad1/5/8 and Hamp1 mRNA levels. Calcitonin receptor (CTR) siRNA transfection significant suppressed the role of CT on BMP6 expression in Caki-1 cells. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that CT strongly induces hepcidin expression and affected iron metabolism. It will provide a new strategy for the treatment of calcium iron related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Lei
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China; College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Chenyang Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Hengrui Chang
- College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yaru Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Gregory J Anderson
- Iron Metabolism Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Res, PO Royal Brisbande Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Yongqing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xianglin Duan
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yan-Zhong Chang
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China.
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Kim YJ, Park WR, Choi B, Choi HS, Kim DK. Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Suppresses BMP-6-Mediated SMAD1/5/8 Transactivation of Hepcidin Gene by Inducing SMILE in Hepatocytes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1590. [PMID: 34679725 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepcidin, a major regulator of systemic iron homeostasis, is mainly induced in hepatocytes by activating bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP-6) signaling in response to changes in the iron status. Small heterodimer partner-interacting leucine zipper protein (SMILE), a polyphenol-inducible transcriptional co-repressor, regulates hepatic gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis. Here, we examine the epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) effect on BMP-6-mediated SMAD1/5/8 transactivation of the hepcidin gene. EGCG treatment significantly decreased BMP-6-induced hepcidin gene expression and secretion in hepatocytes, which, in turn, abated ferroportin degradation. SMILE overexpression significantly decreased BMP receptor-induced hepcidin promoter activity. SMILE overexpression also significantly suppressed BMP-6-mediated induction of hepcidin mRNA and its secretion in HepG2 and AML12 cells. EGCG treatment inhibited BMP-6-mediated hepcidin gene expression and secretion, which were significantly reversed by SMILE knockdown in hepatocytes. Interestingly, SMILE physically interacted with SMAD1 in the nucleus and significantly blocked DNA binding of the SMAD complex to the BMP-response element on the hepcidin gene promoter. Taken together, these findings suggest that SMILE is a novel transcriptional repressor of BMP-6-mediated hepcidin gene expression, thus contributing to the control of iron homeostasis.
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Hodgkinson T, Wignall F, Hoyland JA, Richardson SM. High BMPR2 expression leads to enhanced SMAD1/5/8 signalling and GDF6 responsiveness in human adipose-derived stem cells: implications for stem cell therapies for intervertebral disc degeneration. J Tissue Eng 2020; 11:2041731420919334. [PMID: 32489577 PMCID: PMC7238299 DOI: 10.1177/2041731420919334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell–based regenerative strategies are promising for intervertebral disc
degeneration. Stimulation of bone-marrow- and adipose-derived multipotent stem
cells with recombinant human growth differentiation factor 6 (rhGDF6) promotes
anabolic nucleus pulposus like phenotypes. In comparison to mesenchymal stem
cells, adipose-derived multipotent stem cells exhibit greater NP-marker gene
expression and proteoglycan-rich matrix production. To understand these response
differences, we investigated bone morphogenetic protein receptor profiles in
donor-matched human mesenchymal stem cells and adipose-derived multipotent stem
cells, determined differences in rhGDF6 signalling and their importance in
NP-like differentiation between cell populations. Bone morphogenetic protein
receptor expression in mesenchymal stem cells and adipose-derived multipotent
stem cells revealed elevated and less variable expression of BMPR2 in
adipose-derived multipotent stem cells, which corresponded with increased
downstream pathway activation (SMAD1/5/8, ERK1/2). Inhibitor studies
demonstrated SMAD1/5/8 signalling was required for rhGDF6-induced
nucleus-pulposus-like adipose-derived multipotent stem cell differentiation,
while ERK1/2 contributed significantly to critical nucleus pulposus gene
expression, aggrecan and type II collagen production. These data inform cell
regenerative therapeutic choices for intervertebral disc degeneration
regeneration and identify further potential optimisation targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Hodgkinson
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - Francis Wignall
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - Judith A Hoyland
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK.,NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Stephen M Richardson
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
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Lu XD, Han WX, Liu YX. Suppression of miR-451a accelerates osteogenic differentiation and inhibits bone loss via Bmp6 signaling during osteoporosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 120:109378. [PMID: 31541885 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone homeostasis is known as a dynamic balance, including bone formation through osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts. MicroRNAs (miRs) play a critical role in regulating bone formation and homeostasis. In the study, the effects of miR-451a on bone homeostasis were investigated. The results indicated that the primary osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as the main source of osteoblasts, isolated from miR-451a-knockout (KO) mice showed promoted osteogenesis. in vivo, an ovariectomized (OVX) animal model was used to further explore the effect of miR-451a on osteoporosis. Micro-computed tomography (μCT) indicated a promoted bone volume in miR-451a-KO mice compared to wild-type (WT) mice after OVX operation, demonstrating a redundant bone formation after the knockout of miR-451a. Importantly, we for the first time found that bone morphogenetic protein 6 (Bmp6) was a direct target of miR-451a, elevating bone formation through regulating SMAD1/5/8 expression. In conclusion, reducing miR-451a expression levels could enhance bone formation during the progression of osteoporosis, which might be at least partly via the meditation of Bmp6 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Dong Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shan Xi Medical University, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, 030001, China
| | - Wen-Xing Han
- Department of Orthopedics Dept. Unit 6, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yan-Xiong Liu
- Departmentof Spinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Yan'anUniversity, Yan'anCity, Shaanxi Province, 716000, China.
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Bertoldo MJ, Cheung MY, Sia ZK, Agapiou D, Corley SM, Wilkins MR, Richani D, Harrison CA, Gilchrist RB. Non-canonical cyclic AMP SMAD1/5/8 signalling in human granulosa cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 490:37-46. [PMID: 30953749 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Development of mammalian ovarian follicles is promoted by the combined action of endocrine cues and paracrine factors. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), through the action of cAMP drives follicular growth and development. The oocyte secretes powerful growth factors such as bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) to regulate granulosa cell proliferation, metabolism, steroidogenesis and differentiation through the activation of SMAD1/5/8. This study investigated the role of the cAMP signalling pathway on SMAD1/5/8 action in human granulosa cells. Cyclic AMP enhanced BMP15-induction of a SMAD1/5/8-specific BRE reporter. Moreover, in the absence of BMP ligand, cAMP also activated SMAD1/5/8-induced BRE activity. Cyclic AMP increased canonical downstream targets of BMP signalling such as inhibitor of differentiation (ID) mRNA expression. The observed effects were not mediated by secretion of BMPs as cAMP did not promote BMP ligand mRNA expression and a BMP extracellular antagonist, the BMP type II receptor ectodomain, did not affect cAMP-induced ID mRNA expression. Finally, the ERK1/2 pathway was shown to be required for the maintenance of cAMP-induced SMAD1/5/8 activity. Together our results suggest a novel and non-canonical pathway for cAMP signalling in human granulosa cells. Cyclic AMP appears to promote SMAD1/5/8 pathway activity intracellularly and has the ability to activate canonical SMAD1/5/8 downstream targets. Our results add another layer of complexity to the interactions between endocrine signalling and oocyte-secreted BMP ligands during folliculogenesis. Given the importance of both cAMP and SMAD1/5/8 pathways in follicular development, these interactions are likely required for the fine-tuning of oocyte paracrine signalling by endocrine stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Bertoldo
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Fertility and Research Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | - M Y Cheung
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Fertility and Research Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Z K Sia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Fertility and Research Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - D Agapiou
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Fertility and Research Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - S M Corley
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, NSW Systems Biology Initiative, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - M R Wilkins
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, NSW Systems Biology Initiative, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - D Richani
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Fertility and Research Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - C A Harrison
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - R B Gilchrist
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Fertility and Research Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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Zhang H, Tian S, Klausen C, Zhu H, Liu R, Leung PCK. Differential activation of noncanonical SMAD2/SMAD3 signaling by bone morphogenetic proteins causes disproportionate induction of hyaluronan production in immortalized human granulosa cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 428:17-27. [PMID: 26992562 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Successful fertilization depends upon proper cumulus-oocyte complex (COC) expansion. Synthesized by hyaluronan synthases (HASs), hyaluronan forms the backbone of the COC matrix and plays a critical role in COC expansion. This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of ovarian BMPs on HAS expression and hyaluronan production in human granulosa cells. Treatment with BMP4, BMP6, BMP7 or BMP15 induced differing levels of noncanonical SMAD2/3, but equal levels of canonical SMAD1/5/8, phosphorylation which were mirrored by differing levels of HAS2 up-regulation and hyaluronan production. The effects of BMP4 and BMP15 on HAS2 mRNA were partially reversed by knockdown of SMAD3, and blocked by knockdown of SMAD2+SMAD3 or SMAD4. BMP4-induced SMAD2/3 phosphorylation and HAS2 mRNA up-regulation were mediated by both BMP and activin/transforming growth factor-β type I receptors. Our results suggest differential activation of noncanonical SMAD2/SMAD3 signaling by BMPs causes disproportionate induction of HAS2 expression and hyaluronan production in immortalized human granulosa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 4H4, Canada; Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Bethune Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Shen Tian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 4H4, Canada; Department of Reproductive Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Christian Klausen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Ruizhi Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Bethune Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China.
| | - Peter C K Leung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 4H4, Canada.
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