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Nicaretta JE, Zapa DMB, Couto LFM, Heller LM, Cavalcante ASDA, Cruvinel LB, Melo Júnior RDD, Ferreira LL, Nascimento RMD, Soares VE, Borges LMF, Monteiro CMDO, Lopes WDZ. Rhipicephalus microplus seasonal dynamic in a Cerrado biome, Brazil: An update data considering the global warming. Vet Parasitol 2021; 296:109506. [PMID: 34217072 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2021.109506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study evaluated over two years the seasonal dynamics of Rhipicephalus microplus in a Cerrado biome of midwestern Brazil (Goiânia, Goiás) and correlated the current climatic conditions (environmental temperature, insolation, rainfall, relative humitidy and saturation deficit of the atmosphere) of this site with 30 years ago. In addition, the data collected in the present research were compared with climatic conditions data and R. microplus population dynamics conducted by our group in other regions (Formiga, Minas Gerais and Jaboticabal, São Paulo) within the same biome. For the parasitic phase dynamics, R. microplus females (4.5-8.0 mm) counts were performed on tick natural infested cows kept in Panicum maximum paddocks. To verify the larvae dynamics on pasture the flannel dragg technique on natural infested pasture was performed, and the height of the grass was measured. Five peaks of engorged R. microplus females on animals and larvae infestations on pastures were observed. Being three and two peaks during the rainy and dry season of the year, respectively. Insolation (r = 0.8758; P = 0.00009; R² = 0.7670), rainfall (r = -0.8572; P = 0.0002; R² = 0.7348), maximum environmental temperature in summer (r = 0.9999; P < 0.0087; R² = 0.9988) and the saturation deficit of the atmosphere in autumn (r = -0.9789; P = 0.0211; R² = 0.9582) influenced the seasonal dynamics of R. microplus larvae on pastures. While the forage height did not influence the number of larvae found on pasture (r = 0.1545; P = 0.7682; R² = 0.0239). The comparison between the climatic data of the last 30 years with the current climatological data (2012 to 2019) in the state of Goiás, and the comparison with R. microplus population dynamics from other two locations in the same biome indicated that the increase of the environmental temperature due to the global warming possibly is a determining factor which increase the number of one or up two tick annual peaks. In addition, this climatic variable was responsible for increase the population density of ticks on pastures and animals observed in July/winter of the present study, in comparison to other regions with the same biome, as discussed in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Eduardo Nicaretta
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Dina María Beltrán Zapa
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fellipe Monteiro Couto
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Luciana Maffini Heller
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Leonardo Bueno Cruvinel
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Rubens Dias de Melo Júnior
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Lorena Lopes Ferreira
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lígia Miranda Ferreira Borges
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil; Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Caio Marcio de Oliveira Monteiro
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil; Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil; Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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Nakai Z, Shimizu K, Oida H, Sonoda S. Host plant and humidity effects on phytoseiid mite, Gynaeseius liturivorus (Acari: Phytoseiidae) egg hatchability. Exp Appl Acarol 2021; 84:135-147. [PMID: 33891226 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-021-00617-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Gynaeseius liturivorus (Ehara) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is a promising biological control agent for tiny arthropod pests, including Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) known as a major pest of Welsh onion. In fields during summer, G. liturivorus is observed on soybean, but not on Welsh onion, even when numerous T. tabaci are present. To elucidate G. liturivorus's occurrence on soybean and Welsh onion in relation to relative humidity (RH), we examined its egg hatching on their seedlings under low RH conditions. Then we estimated the moisture transpiration from both plants. Egg hatching occurred only on soybean plants exhibiting greater moisture transpiration. Aiming at utilizing G. liturivorus as a biological control agent for Welsh onion production in summer, evaluation of its relative tolerance and compensation potential for drought injury is necessary. Therefore, we used five phytoseiid species including G. liturivorus and Neoseiulus californicus to estimate the RH and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) at which 50% of eggs hatch (RH50 and VPD50). Furthermore, we examined G. liturivorus and N. californicus egg hatching under different RH oscillation conditions. Results show G. liturivorus as the most drought-sensitive among the five species tested, but G. liturivorus is able to compensate for lethal low-RH effects on egg hatching in part by periodic exposure to high RH conditions, as observed for N. californicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenta Nakai
- Chiba Prefectural Agriculture and Forestry Research Center, 180-1 Okanezawa-cho, Midori-ku, Chiba, 266-0014, Japan.
- Chiba Prefecture Sanbu Agriculture Office, 1-11 Higashi-shinshuku, Togane, Chiba, 283-0006, Japan.
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
| | - Ken Shimizu
- Chiba Prefectural Agriculture and Forestry Research Center, 180-1 Okanezawa-cho, Midori-ku, Chiba, 266-0014, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Oida
- Chiba Prefectural Agriculture and Forestry Research Center, 180-1 Okanezawa-cho, Midori-ku, Chiba, 266-0014, Japan
- Faculty of Bioscience and Applied Chemistry, Hosei University, 3-7-2 Kajino-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8584, Japan
| | - Shoji Sonoda
- School of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 321-8505, Japan
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Cruz BC, de Lima Mendes AF, Maciel WG, Dos Santos IB, Gomes LVC, Felippelli G, Teixeira WFP, Ferreira LL, Soares VE, Lopes WDZ, da Costa AJ, de Oliveira GP. Biological parameters for Rhipicephalus microplus in the field and laboratory and estimation of its annual number of generations in a tropical region. Parasitol Res 2020; 119:2421-2430. [PMID: 32548738 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-020-06758-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate biological parameters of Rhipicephalus microplus in the non-parasitic phase in both field and laboratory conditions. It also aimed to assess correlations between duration (in days) of these parameters and climatic variables (humidity, rainfall, and soil temperature) and to estimate the annual number of generations of R. microplus in a tropical region. The non-parasitic phase of R. microplus in field and laboratory conditions was evaluated throughout the course of two years. A pasture was infested with engorged female of R. microplus, and biological parameters, including female pre-oviposition, female oviposition, egg mass incubation, larval pre-hatching phase, larval maturation, and larval longevity, were evaluated concomitantly with the collection of data on climatic conditions. The same parameters were also evaluated in a climatized chamber in the laboratory. The total duration of the non-parasitic phase in the field was longer in the dry season (1st and 4th life-cycle repetitions) than in the rainy season (2nd, 3rd, and 5th repetitions). Tick biological parameters for the non-parasitic phase in the laboratory were similar to those obtained in the field during the rainy season. The evaluated biological parameters were influenced mainly by environmental and ground-level temperatures, which modified egg mass incubation, larval pre-hatching, and larval longevity periods and, consequently, the total duration of the non-parasitic phase of the tick. The annual number of generations for the tick was estimated at five per year, which is alarming because it represents an increase, and so new studies into strategic control are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breno Cayeiro Cruz
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Willian Giquelin Maciel
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabella Barbosa Dos Santos
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Vinicius Costa Gomes
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Felippelli
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Lorena Lopes Ferreira
- Department of Medicine Veterinary Preventive, School of Veterinary, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- School of Veterinary and Zootechnics, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
- Department of Biosciences and Technologies, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
| | - Alvimar José da Costa
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gilson Pereira de Oliveira
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
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Ramos VDN, Osava CF, Piovezan U, Szabó MPJ. Ambush behavior of the tick Amblyomma sculptum (Amblyomma cajennense complex) (Acari: Ixodidae) in the Brazilian Pantanal. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2017; 8:506-10. [PMID: 28259592 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We herein describe the ambush behavior of Amblyomma sculptum (Berlese 1888), a widespread and epidemiologically important tick in Brazil. Along two years of sampling by visual search in the Brazilian Pantanal, A. sculptum ticks were observed on the vegetation and in the leaf litter. Most of the ticks were observed between 10 and 50cm above ground level and less than five percent of the total were positioned below 10cm, indicating that they are seeking for middle or large-sized hosts. In both seasons, vapor saturation deficit was low during the morning. No significant relationship was found between questing ticks and daytime interval of observation or saturation deficit. However, questing tick numbers seem be higher in the end of the morning, when saturation deficit reaches its peak. Behavioral patterns of A. sculptum ticks observed in Pantanal underscore the occurrence of this tick and human contact at green anthropogenic sites. Considering A. sculptum questing behavior, inferences on human behavioral patterns that enhance or avoid contact with ticks are discussed.
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Kalra B, Parkash R. Effects of saturation deficit on desiccation resistance and water balance in seasonal populations of the tropical drosophilid Zaprionus indianus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 219:3237-3245. [PMID: 27591313 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.141002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Seasonally varying populations of ectothermic insect taxa from a given locality are expected to cope with simultaneous changes in temperature and humidity through phenotypic plasticity. Accordingly, we investigated the effect of saturation deficit on resistance to desiccation in wild-caught flies from four seasons (spring, summer, rainy and autumn) and corresponding flies reared in the laboratory under season-specific simulated temperature and humidity growth conditions. Flies raised under summer conditions showed approximately three times higher desiccation resistance and increased levels of cuticular lipids compared with flies raised in rainy season conditions. In contrast, intermediate trends were observed for water balance-related traits in flies reared under spring or autumn conditions but trait values overlapped across these two seasons. Furthermore, a threefold difference in saturation deficit (an index of evaporative water loss due to a combined thermal and humidity effect) between summer (27.5 mB) and rainy (8.5 mB) seasons was associated with twofold differences in the rate of water loss. Higher dehydration stress due to a high saturation deficit in summer is compensated by storage of higher levels of energy metabolite (trehalose) and cuticular lipids, and these traits correlated positively with desiccation resistance. In Z. indianus, the observed changes in desiccation-related traits due to plastic effects of simulated growth conditions correspond to similar changes exhibited by seasonal wild-caught flies. Our results show that developmental plastic effects under ecologically relevant thermal and humidity conditions can explain seasonal adaptations for water balance-related traits in Z. indianus and are likely to be associated with its invasive potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhawna Kalra
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Ravi Parkash
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India
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