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Leon-Cecilla A, Gila-Vilchez C, Vazquez-Perez FJ, Capitan-Vallvey LF, Martos V, Fernandez-Ramos MD, Álvarez de Cienfuegos L, Medina-Castillo AL, Lopez-Lopez MT. Highly deformable and strongly magnetic semi-interpenetrating hydrogels based on alginate or cellulose. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129368. [PMID: 38219926 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The effective implementation of many of the applications of magnetic hydrogels requires the development of innovative systems capable of withstanding a substantial load of magnetic particles to ensure exceptional responsiveness, without compromising their reliability and stability. To address this challenge, double-network hydrogels have emerged as a promising foundation, thanks to their extraordinary mechanical deformability and toughness. Here, we report a semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (SIPNs) approach to create diverse magnetic SIPNs hydrogels based on alginate or cellulose, exhibiting remarkable deformability under certain stresses. Achieving strong responsiveness to magnetic fields is a key objective, and this characteristic is realized by the incorporation of highly magnetic iron microparticles at moderately large concentrations into the polymer network. Remarkably, the SIPNs hydrogels developed in this research accommodate high loadings of magnetic particles without significantly compromising their physical properties. This feature is essential for their use in applications that demand robust responsiveness to applied magnetic fields and overall stability, such as a hydrogel luminescent oxygen sensor controlled by magnetic fields that we designed and tested as proof-of-concept. These findings underscore the potential and versatility of magnetic SIPNs hydrogels based on carbohydrate biopolymers as fundamental components in driving the progress of advanced hydrogels for diverse practical implementations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Leon-Cecilla
- Universidad de Granada, Departamento de Física Aplicada, Campus de Fuentenueva, E-18071 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, E-18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Cristina Gila-Vilchez
- Universidad de Granada, Departamento de Física Aplicada, Campus de Fuentenueva, E-18071 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, E-18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J Vazquez-Perez
- Universidad de Granada, Departamento de Física Aplicada, Campus de Fuentenueva, E-18071 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, E-18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Luis F Capitan-Vallvey
- Universidad de Granada, Departamento de Química Analítica, Campus de Fuentenueva, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Vanesa Martos
- Universidad de Granada, Departamento de Fisiología Vegetal, Campus de Fuentenueva, E-18071 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | - María D Fernandez-Ramos
- Universidad de Granada, Departamento de Química Analítica, Campus de Fuentenueva, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Luis Álvarez de Cienfuegos
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, E-18014 Granada, Spain; Universidad de Granada, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Unidad de Excelencia Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente, Campus de Fuentenueva, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio L Medina-Castillo
- Universidad de Granada, Departamento de Química Analítica, Campus de Fuentenueva, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Modesto T Lopez-Lopez
- Universidad de Granada, Departamento de Física Aplicada, Campus de Fuentenueva, E-18071 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, E-18014 Granada, Spain.
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Dursun S. Removal of cationic dye pollutants from wastewater with HS loaded semi-IPN composites: kinetic and thermodynamic studies. Environ Monit Assess 2023; 196:27. [PMID: 38063933 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-12207-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, methylene blue (MB) pollutant in water was removed using produced hazelnut shell loaded semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (HS loaded semi-IPN) adsorbent. The physical and chemical characterizations of the adsorbents were investigated using TGA, DSC, FT-IR, BET, FE-SEM, and EDX. Experimental parameters such as temperature, swelling, dye concentration, contact time, pH solution, and adsorbent dosage for MB adsorption were thoroughly investigated. It was determined that the HS loaded semi-IPN adsorbent removed 92.1% of MB dye. Subsequently, the adsorption properties between the adsorbent and dye were investigated in detail using several different kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic models. As a result of the obtained data, the interaction between adsorbent and dye molecules is discussed. Moreover, studies on the industrial usability of the adsorbent have been carried out, and it has been observed that the adsorbent can be employed even after four cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Dursun
- Deparment of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Konya Technical University, Selçuklu, 42130, Konya, Turkey.
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Wang L, Gong T, Ming W, Qiao X, Ye W, Zhang L, Pan C. One step preparation of multifunctional poly (ether sulfone) thin films with potential for wound dressing. Biomater Adv 2022; 136:212758. [PMID: 35929327 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The increasing demand for higher-quality medical care has resulted in the obsolescence of traditional biomaterials. Medical care is currently transitioning from an era depending on single-functional biomaterials to one that is supported by multifunctional and stable biomaterials. Herein, long-lasting multifunctional poly(ether sulfone) thin films (MPFs) containing heparin-mimic groups and a quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) were prepared via semi-interpenetrating polymer network (SIPN) strategy. The MPFs, with rough surface and inner finger-like macrovoid, had better hydrophilicity and anti-protein fouling ability, as revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and water contact angle (WCA) and protein adsorption tests. The results of platelet adhesion and activation, and clotting time confirmed that the hemocompatibility of the MPFs was significantly improved. From cell culture and germ-culture test, it was noted that the overall trend of human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) proliferation was enhanced by a combination of heparin-mimic groups and QAC, whereas the growth of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was significantly prohibited. In addition, the MPFs were capable of modulating the expression level of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) in fibroblast, which was beneficial to controlling the formation of hypertrophic scar. In summary, the MPFs had potential to be used in the field of wound management and the study might help guide the design of surface structure of wound dressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingren Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Interventional Medical Devices, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, China; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, United States.
| | - Tao Gong
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Interventional Medical Devices, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, China
| | - Weihua Ming
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, United States
| | - Xinglong Qiao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Interventional Medical Devices, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, China
| | - Wei Ye
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Interventional Medical Devices, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, China
| | - Linna Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Interventional Medical Devices, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, China
| | - ChangJiang Pan
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Interventional Medical Devices, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, China.
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Zhu C, Tang N, Gan J, Zhang X, Li Y, Jia X, Cheng Y. A pH-sensitive semi-interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels constructed by konjac glucomannan and poly (γ-glutamic acid): Synthesis, characterization and swelling behavior. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 185:229-239. [PMID: 34119552 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A novel pH-sensitive semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) hydrogel was prepared by using konjac glucomannan (KGM) and poly (γ-glutamic acid) (γ-PGA) with sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP) as the crosslinking agent. The structure of the semi-IPN hydrogels was characterized by FTIR spectra, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), rheological measurements, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The pH-sensitive effects were investigated by calculating the equilibrium swelling ratio (ESR) in buffer solutions (pH 2, 4, 6, and 8, respectively) at 37 °C. These results showed that the content of cross-linker and γ-PGA has a significant influence on the hydrogels' structure and swelling behavior. In vitro drug release behavior of semi-IPN hydrogels was investigated under simulated gastric and intestinal fluids using model drug Nicotinamide (NTM), and various models were applied to describe the drug release behaviors. The obtained results indicated that our synthesized semi-IPN hydrogel had the potential to be used as a suitable biomaterial carrier for functional components or drug delivery in the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyang Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Ning Tang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Jing Gan
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Yang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Xin Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Yongqiang Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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Torres ML, Oberti TG, Fernández JM. HEMA and alginate-based chondrogenic semi-interpenetrated hydrogels: synthesis and biological characterization. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 2021; 32:504-523. [PMID: 33176594 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2020.1849920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cartilage tissue engineering (CTE) has the general objective of restoring and improving damaged cartilage. A very interesting strategy of CTE is to combine different polymers to obtain a viscoelastic material. In this study, we have evaluated the applicability of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) networks semi-interpenetrated with sodium alginate for CTE. Alginate-containing hydrogels show an increase in scaffold porosity and swelling capacity, when compared with nonporous poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) scaffolds. Primary chondrocytes from young rats were cultured on the hydrogels, and an increase in chondrocyte proliferation and chondrocytic markers was observed in alginate-containing hydrogels. Chondrocytic phenotype was preserved on hydrogels containing the lowest amount of crosslinker and initiator (SEMI 3 and SEMI 4). In addition, nitric oxide production by RAW264.7 macrophages grown on hydrogels was tested, and none of the hydrogels showed high levels of this inflammatory marker after 2 days. These results indicate that our alginate-containing hydrogels could be useful for CTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Luz Torres
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Osteopatías y Metabolismo Mineral, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Tamara Gisela Oberti
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, UNLP, CONICET, CCT, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Juan Manuel Fernández
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Osteopatías y Metabolismo Mineral, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
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Zhang W, Deng H, Xia L, Shen L, Zhang C, Lu Q, Sun S. Semi-interpenetrating polymer networks prepared from castor oil-based waterborne polyurethanes and carboxymethyl chitosan. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 256:117507. [PMID: 33483029 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A series of vegetable oil-based waterborne polyurethane composites were prepared through construction of novel semi-interpenetrating polymers network using carboxymethyl chitosan (CA) as the secondary polymer phase. The effects of CA contents on storage stability, and particle size distribution of the composite dispersions and thermal stability, mechanical properties and surface wettability of composite films were investigated and discussed. The results showed that the composite dispersions displayed excellent storage stability and the biomass contents of resulting films were high up to 80 %. A significant increase in crosslinking density and glass transition temperature of the composite films were observed as the CA contents increased, which was attributed to the increasing hard segment of films and strong hydrogen bonding interaction between polyurethanes and CA. This work provided a simple method to tailor the performance of environmentally friendly vegetable oil-based waterborne polyurethane, which could find application in the field of coatings, adhesives, ink and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Henghui Deng
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lijuan Xia
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Lan Shen
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chaoqun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Qiming Lu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Shaolong Sun
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China.
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Subramanian B, Agarwal T, Roy A, Parida S, Kundu B, Maiti TK, Basak P, Guha SK. Synthesis and characterization of PCL-DA:PEG-DA based polymeric blends grafted with SMA hydrogel as bio-degradable intrauterine contraceptive implant. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2020; 116:111159. [PMID: 32806299 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Presently available long-acting reversible female contraceptive implants are said to be an effective way of preventing unintended pregnancy. Unacceptable side effects attributed by these contraceptive implants act as a major drawback for the practitioners. These problems pave the way for the development of a new form of long-acting non-hormonal female contraceptive implant, especially in the developing countries. PCL-DA: PEG-DA polymeric scaffold is grafted with Styrene Maleic Anhydride (SMA) based hydrogel, and their physicochemical, thermal and biological parameters are being explored for developing a bio-degradable form of the non-hormonal intrauterine contraceptive implant. With the fixed ratio of PEG-DA: PCL-DA polymer, SMA hydrogel was added at four different concentrations to determine the optimum concentration of SMA hydrogel for the development of a promising long-acting biodegradable intrauterine contraceptive implant. Structural elucidation of the polymers was confirmed using 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic analyses. The physiochemical characterization report suggests that SMA hydrogel interacts with the PCL-DA: PEG-DA polymeric scaffold through intermolecular hydrogen bonding interaction. The in-vitro spermicidal activity of the polymeric scaffold increases when the concentration of SMA based hydrogel in the polymer samples is increased without showing any significant toxicological effects. From the study results, it may be concluded that SMA hydrogel grafted PCL-DA: PEG-DA scaffold can be developed as intra-uterine biodegradable non-hormonal female contraceptive implant due to its excellent bio-compatibility and spermicidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhuvaneshwaran Subramanian
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India; School of Bio-Science and Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal 700098, India
| | - Tarun Agarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Arpita Roy
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad 826004, India
| | - Sheetal Parida
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Biswanath Kundu
- Bioceramics and coating division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
| | - Tapas Kumar Maiti
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Piyali Basak
- School of Bio-Science and Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal 700098, India
| | - Sujoy K Guha
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India.
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Panahi Y, Gharekhani A, Hamishehkar H, Zakeri-Milani P, Gharekhani H. Stomach-Specific Drug Delivery of Clarithromycin Using a Semi Interpenetrating Polymeric Network Hydrogel Made of Montmorillonite and Chitosan: Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Drug Release Study. Adv Pharm Bull 2019; 9:159-173. [PMID: 31011570 PMCID: PMC6468236 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2019.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: In this study, we aimed to prepare an extended drug delivery formulation of clarithromycin (CAM) based on a semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) hydrogel. Methods: Synthesis of semi-IPN hydrogel nanocomposite made of chitosan (CS), acrylic acid (AA), acrylamide (AAm), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and montmorillonite (MMT) was performed by free radical graft copolymerization method. Swelling kinetic studies were done in acidic buffer solutions of hydrochloric acid (pH = 1.2), acetate (pH = 4), and also distilled water. Also, the effects of MMT on the swelling kinetic, thermal stability, and mechanical strength of the hydrogels were evaluated. Moreover, in vitro release behavior of CAM and its release kinetics from hydrogels were studied in a hydrochloric acid buffer solution. Results: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results revealed that synthesis of semi- IPN superabsorbent nanocomposite and CAM incorporation into hydrogel was performed, successfully. Introducing MMT into hydrogel network not only improved its thermal stability but also increased mechanical strength of the final hydrogel product. Also, in comparison with neat hydrogel (1270 g/g), hydrogel nanocomposite containing 13 wt% MMT exhibited greater equilibrium swelling capacity (1568 g/g) with lower swelling rate. In vitro drug release experiments showed that CS-g-poly(AA-co-AAm)/PVP/MMT/CAM formulation possesses a sustained release character over extended period of time compared with CS-g-poly(AA-co- AAm)/PVP/CAM formulation. Conclusion: In the presence of MMT, the effective life time of drug is prolonged, demonstrating a sustained release property. The reason is that interlinked porous channels within superabsorbent nanocomposite network hinder penetration of aqueous solutions into hydrogel and subsequently cause a slower drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunes Panahi
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 1435916-471, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Gharekhani
- Drug Applied Research Center, Department of Clinical Pharmacy (Pharmacotherapy), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Hamishehkar
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parvin Zakeri-Milani
- Drug Applied Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Gharekhani
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Olad A, Doustdar F, Gharekhani H. Starch-based semi-IPN hydrogel nanocomposite integrated with clinoptilolite: Preparation and swelling kinetic study. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 200:516-528. [PMID: 30177193 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) of starch-graft-poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide)/polyvinyl alcohol/clinoptilolite (starch-g-p(AA-co-AAm)/PVA/clino) superabsorbent nanocomposite was synthesized by free-radical graft co-polymerization technique in an aqueous solution. Taguchi method was used to optimize the synthesis reaction condition based on the equilibrium swelling capacity of the hydrogels. FTIR, XRD, and SEM analyses were used to study the chemical and structural properties of the hydrogel samples. The equilibrium swelling capacity of the semi-IPN superabsorbent nanocomposite (364.82 g/g) was higher than that of neat hydrogel (286.21 g/g) and in both of them water penetration into hydrogel network occurred through non-Fickian diffusion mechanism. Incorporation of clino into the polymeric matrix not only increased the equilibrium swelling capacity of the hydrogel, but also induced a substantial enhancement in its mechanical strength. Semi-IPN superabsorbent nanocomposite showed reasonable water absorbency under different loads, good salt and pH-sensitive swelling behavior, and better water retention capability, which make it potentially useful for hygiene products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Olad
- Polymer Composite Research Laboratory, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Doustdar
- Polymer Composite Research Laboratory, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Gharekhani
- Polymer Composite Research Laboratory, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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Lee HJ, Sen A, Bae S, Lee JS, Webb K. Poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate/hyaluronic acid semi-interpenetrating network compositions for 3-D cell spreading and migration. Acta Biomater 2015; 14:43-52. [PMID: 25523876 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
To serve as artificial matrices for therapeutic cell transplantation, synthetic hydrogels must incorporate mechanisms enabling localized, cell-mediated degradation that allows cell spreading and migration. Previously, we have shown that hybrid semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPNs) composed of hydrolytically degradable poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylates (PEGdA), acrylate-PEG-GRGDS and native hyaluronic acid (HA) support increased cell spreading relative to fully synthetic networks that is dependent on cellular hyaluronidase activity. This study systematically investigated the effects of PEGdA/HA semi-IPN network composition on 3-D spreading of encapsulated fibroblasts, the underlying changes in gel structure responsible for this activity, and the ability of optimized gel formulations to support long-term cell survival and migration. Fibroblast spreading exhibited a biphasic response to HA concentration, required a minimum HA molecular weight, decreased with increasing PEGdA concentration and was independent of hydrolytic degradation at early time points. Increased gel turbidity was observed in semi-IPNs, but not in copolymerized hydrogels containing methacrylated HA, which did not support cell spreading. This suggests that there is an underlying mechanism of polymerization-induced phase separation that results in HA-enriched defects within the network structure. PEGdA/HA semi-IPNs were also able to support cell spreading at relatively high levels of mechanical properties (∼10kPa elastic modulus) compared to alternative hybrid hydrogels. In order to support long-term cellular remodeling, the degradation rate of the PEGdA component was optimized by preparing blends of three different PEGdA macromers with varying susceptibility to hydrolytic degradation. Optimized semi-IPN formulations supported long-term survival of encapsulated fibroblasts and sustained migration in a gel-within-gel encapsulation model. These results demonstrate that PEGdA/HA semi-IPNs provide dynamic microenvironments that can support 3-D cell survival, spreading and migration for a variety of cell therapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Joon Lee
- Microenvironmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, 301 Rhodes Research Center, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Atanu Sen
- Microenvironmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, 301 Rhodes Research Center, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Sooneon Bae
- Microenvironmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, 301 Rhodes Research Center, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Jeoung Soo Lee
- Microenvironmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, 301 Rhodes Research Center, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Ken Webb
- Microenvironmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, 301 Rhodes Research Center, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
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