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Young ND, Kinkar L, Stroehlein AJ, Korhonen PK, Stothard JR, Rollinson D, Gasser RB. Mitochondrial genome of Bulinus truncatus (Gastropoda: Lymnaeoidea): Implications for snail systematics and schistosome epidemiology. Curr Res Parasitol Vector Borne Dis 2022; 1:100017. [PMID: 35284876 PMCID: PMC8906109 DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2021.100017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Many freshwater snails of the genus Bulinus act as intermediate hosts in the life-cycles of schistosomes in Africa and adjacent regions. Currently, 37 species of Bulinus representing four groups are recognised. The mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene has shown utility for identifying and differentiating Bulinus species and groups, but taxonomic relationships based on genetic data are not entirely consistent with those inferred using morphological and biological features. To underpin future systematic studies of members of the genus, we characterised here the mitochondrial genome of Bulinus truncatus (from a defined laboratory strain) using a combined second- and third-generation sequencing and informatics approach, enabling taxonomic comparisons with other planorbid snails for which mitochondrial (mt) genomes were available. Analyses showed consistency in gene order and length among mitochondrial genomes of representative planorbid snails, with the lowest and highest nucleotide diversities being in the cytochrome c oxidase and nicotinamide dehydrogenase subunit genes, respectively. This first mt genome for a representative of the genus Bulinus should provide a useful resource for future investigations of the systematics, population genetics, epidemiology and/or ecology of Bulinus and related snails. The sequencing and informatic workflow employed here should find broad applicability to a range of other snail intermediate hosts of parasitic trematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil D Young
- Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Liina Kinkar
- Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andreas J Stroehlein
- Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pasi K Korhonen
- Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - J Russell Stothard
- Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - David Rollinson
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK.,London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, London, UK
| | - Robin B Gasser
- Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Hu QA, Zhang Y, Guo YH, Lv S, Xia S, Liu HX, Fang Y, Liu Q, Zhu D, Zhang QM, Yang CL, Lin GY. Small-scale spatial analysis of intermediate and definitive hosts of Angiostrongylus cantonensis. Infect Dis Poverty 2018; 7:100. [PMID: 30318019 PMCID: PMC6192004 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-018-0482-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiostrongyliasis is a food-borne parasitic zoonosis. Human infection is caused by infection with the third-stage larvae of Angiostrongylus cantonensis. The life cycle of A. cantonensis involves rodents as definitive hosts and molluscs as intermediate hosts. This study aims to investigate on the infection status and characteristics of spatial distribution of these hosts, which are key components in the strategy for the prevention and control of angiostrongyliasis. METHODS Three villages from Nanao Island, Guangdong Province, China, were chosen as study area by stratified random sampling. The density and natural infection of Pomacea canaliculata and various rat species were surveyed every three months from December 2015 to September 2016, with spatial correlations of the positive P. canaliculata and the infection rates analysed by ArcGIS, scan statistics, ordinary least squares (OLS) and geographically weighted regression (GWR) models. RESULTS A total of 2192 P. canaliculata specimens were collected from the field, of which 1190 were randomly chosen to be examined for third-stage larvae of A. cantonensis. Seventy-two Angiostrongylus-infected snails were found, which represents a larval infection rate of 6.1% (72/1190). In total, 110 rats including 85 Rattus norvegicus, 10 R. flavipectus, one R. losea and 14 Suncus murinus were captured, and 32 individuals were positive (for adult worms), representing an infection rate of 29.1% of the definitive hosts (32/110). Worms were only found in R. norvegicus and R. flavipectus, representing a prevalence of 36.5% (31/85) and 10% (1/10), respectively in these species, but none in R. losea and S. murinus, despite testing as many as 32 of the latter species. Statistically, spatial correlation and spatial clusters in the spatial distribution of positive P. canaliculata and positive rats existed. Most of the spatial variability of the host infection rates came from spatial autocorrelation. Nine spatial clusters with respect to positive P. canaliculata were identified, but only two correlated to infection rates. The results show that corrected Akaike information criterion, R2, R2 adjusted and σ2 in the GWR model were superior to those in the OLS model. CONCLUSIONS P. canaliculata and rats were widely distributed in Nanao Island and positive infection has also been found in the hosts, demonstrating that there was a risk of angiostrongyliasis in this region of China. The distribution of positive P. canaliculata and rats exhibited spatial correlation, and the GWR model had advantage over the OLS model in the spatial analysis of hosts of A. cantonensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-An Hu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, 200025, China.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, 200025, China. .,WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200025, China. .,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Yun-Hai Guo
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, 200025, China.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Shan Lv
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, 200025, China.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Shang Xia
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, 200025, China.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - He-Xiang Liu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, 200025, China.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, 200025, China.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Qin Liu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, 200025, China.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, 200025, China.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Qi-Ming Zhang
- Centre for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Chun-Li Yang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, 200025, China.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Guang-Yi Lin
- Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
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