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Ítavo LCV, Ítavo CCBF, de Nadai Bonin Gomes M, Longhini VZ, Dos Santos Difante G, Dias AM, de Souza Leal E, da Silva MGP, da Silva AH, da Silva LBP, Paro RGC, de Araújo MJ, Silva TPD, Gurgel ALC. Effects of extruded urea levels on the productive performance and carcass and meat characteristics of Nellore cattle. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:247. [PMID: 37351642 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03662-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Because the non-protein nitrogen sources can be an option for a ruminant diet to replace true-protein sources, we hypothesized that using extruded urea in increasing levels by reducing soybean meal in the diet can maintain or improve the productive performance of beef cattle in a feedlot. It was aimed to evaluate the effects of extruded urea levels on the productive performance and carcass and meat characteristics of Nellore steers in feedlot. Twenty-four Nellore steers, with an average age of 22 months and an average initial weight of 333.5 kg, were used. A completely randomized design was used with four treatments: 50, 60, 70, and 80 g/100 kg BW of extruded urea. There was no effect of extruded urea levels on nutrient intake. The final weight and average daily gain were adjusted by a quadratic equation, with maximum estimated values of 479.18 kg and 1.02 kg/day with the inclusion of 59.71, 54.14, and 54.16 g/100 kg BW of extruded urea, respectively. There was no effect (P > 0.05) of extruded urea levels on hot carcass weight (233.3 kg), carcass yield (53.2%), ribeye area (72.7 cm2), and subcutaneous fat thickness (5.3 mm). Likewise, there was no effect (P > 0.05) of extruded urea levels on meat chemical composition, shear force (8.9 KgF), cooking losses (28.2%), pH (5.6), and meat color parameters. We recommended the use of 70 g/100 kg BW of extruded urea in the diet for finishing Nellore steers in confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil.
| | - Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Marina de Nadai Bonin Gomes
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Zirondi Longhini
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Gelson Dos Santos Difante
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Menezes Dias
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Eduardo de Souza Leal
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Manoel Gustavo Paranhos da Silva
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Hellen da Silva
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Laura Beatriz Perez da Silva
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Rafael Goes Cardoso Paro
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Marcos Jácome de Araújo
- Campus Professora Cinobelina Elvas, Universidade Federal Do Piauí, Bom Jesus, Piauí, 64900-000, Brazil
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Cui Z, Meng Q, Ma W, Zhang X, Zhou Z, Ren L. Diversity of the Intestinal Bacteria of Cattle Fed on Diets with Different Doses of Gelatinized Starch-Urea. Indian J Microbiol 2015; 55:269-77. [PMID: 26063936 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-015-0526-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gelatinized starch-urea (Starea, SU) is an effective and economical source of urea for ruminants. Here we assessed the influence of dietary supplementation with gelatinized starch-urea on the diversity of intestinal bacteria in finishing cattle. Fifty steers were randomly allotted to five treatments with diets supplemented with different doses of Starea [0 % (SU0), 8 % (SU8), 16 % (SU16), 24 % (SU24), and 32 % (SU32) of urea-N in total nitrogen]. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of 16S rRNA genes was used to examine the effect of dietary supplementation of Starea on intestinal bacterial flora. Shannon-Weaver and Simpson diversity indices consistently showed the lowest bacterial diversity in the SU0 treatment. Increasing doses of Starea increased the diversity up to SU24 after which, diversity decreased. Cluster analysis of 16S rRNA gene DGGE profiles indicates that the intestinal bacterial communities associated with cattle that were not supplemented with Starea in feed differed in composition and structure from those supplemented with Starea. The amount of Starea supplemented in cattle diets influenced the abundance of several key species affiliated with Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, Peptostreptococcaceae, Comamonadaceae and Moraxellaceae. These results suggest that Starea influences the composition and structure of intestinal bacteria which may play a role in promoting ruminant health and production performance.
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