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Singh NK, Paz E, Kutsher Y, Reuveni M, Lers A. Tomato T2 ribonuclease LE is involved in the response to pathogens. Mol Plant Pathol 2020; 21:895-906. [PMID: 32352631 PMCID: PMC7280031 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
T2 ribonucleases (RNases) are RNA-degrading enzymes that function in various cellular processes, mostly via RNA metabolism. T2 RNase-encoding genes have been identified in various organisms, from bacteria to mammals, and are most diverse in plants. The existence of T2 RNase genes in almost every organism suggests an important biological function that has been conserved through evolution. In plants, T2 RNases are suggested to be involved in phosphate scavenging and recycling, and are implicated in defence responses to pathogens. We investigated the function of the tomato T2 RNase LE, known to be induced by phosphate deficiency and wounding. The possible involvement of LE in pathogen responses was examined. Expression analysis showed LE induction during fungal infection and by stimuli known to be associated with pathogen inoculation, including oxalic acid and hydrogen peroxide. Analysis of LE-suppressed transgenic tomato lines revealed higher susceptibility to oxalic acid, a cell death-inducing factor, compared to the wild type. This elevated sensitivity of LE-suppressed lines was evidenced by visual signs of necrosis, and increased ion leakage and reactive oxygen species levels, indicating acceleration of cell death. Challenge of the LE-suppressed lines with the necrotrophic pathogen Botrytis cinerea resulted in accelerated development of disease symptoms compared to the wild type, associated with suppressed expression of pathogenesis-related marker genes. The results suggest a role for plant endogenous T2 RNases in antifungal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Kumar Singh
- Department of Postharvest Science, Volcani CenterAgricultural Research OrganizationRishon LeZionIsrael
| | - Einat Paz
- Department of Postharvest Science, Volcani CenterAgricultural Research OrganizationRishon LeZionIsrael
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environment SciencesHebrew University of JerusalemRehovotIsrael
| | - Yaarit Kutsher
- Plant Science Institute, the Volcani CenterAgricultural Research OrganizationRishon LeZionIsrael
| | - Moshe Reuveni
- Plant Science Institute, the Volcani CenterAgricultural Research OrganizationRishon LeZionIsrael
| | - Amnon Lers
- Department of Postharvest Science, Volcani CenterAgricultural Research OrganizationRishon LeZionIsrael
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Ferguson BJ, Newland SA, Gibbs SE, Tourlomousis P, Fernandes dos Santos P, Patel MN, Hall SW, Walczak H, Schramm G, Haas H, Dunne DW, Cooke A, Zaccone P. The Schistosoma mansoni T2 ribonuclease omega-1 modulates inflammasome-dependent IL-1β secretion in macrophages. Int J Parasitol 2015; 45:809-13. [PMID: 26385440 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The T2 ribonuclease omega-1 is a powerful Th2-inducing factor secreted by the eggs of the blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni. Omega-1 can modulate pattern recognition receptor-induced inflammatory signatures and alter antigen presentation by dendritic cells. Recent findings have suggested that component(s) contained in or secreted by S. mansoni eggs (soluble egg antigen) can also enhance IL-1β secretion by dendritic cells stimulated with pattern recognition receptor ligands. Here we show that omega-1 enhances IL-1β secretion in macrophages stimulated with Toll-like receptor 2 ligand, and propose omega-1 as the factor in soluble egg antigen capable of regulating inflammasome activity. This effect is dependent on the C-type lectin receptor Dectin-1, caspase-8 and the ASC inflammasome adaptor protein, highlighting the ability of omega-1 to regulate multiple pattern recognition receptor signalling pathways. These mechanistic insights into manipulation of host immunity by a parasite product have implications for the design of anti-inflammatory therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Ferguson
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, CB2 1QP Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Sarah E Gibbs
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, CB2 1QP Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Meghana N Patel
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Samuel W Hall
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, CB2 1QP Cambridge, UK
| | - Henning Walczak
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer, and Inflammation (CCCI), UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - David W Dunne
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, CB2 1QP Cambridge, UK
| | - Anne Cooke
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, CB2 1QP Cambridge, UK
| | - Paola Zaccone
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, CB2 1QP Cambridge, UK.
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