1
|
Varona HL, Noriega C, Calzada AE, Medeiros C, Lobaina A, Rodriguez A, Chang D, Reyes D, Araujo J, Silva M, das Chagas Moura M, Araujo M. Effects of meteo-oceanographic conditions on the weathering processes of oil spills in northeastern Brazil. Mar Pollut Bull 2024; 198:115828. [PMID: 38000262 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the graphical results of the Lagrangian-model and the weathering processes associated with oil spills in the tropical South Atlantic, taking into account the meteorological and oceanographic conditions of the study region. The scenarios were created in the Brazilian-NE waters adjacent, with simulation times of 670 h, and densities of 35, 25, and 15API with volume of 1590 m3 were considered. The main results showed that the meteo-oceanographic characteristics of the study region influence the trajectories and weathering processes in the oil spill. The trajectories varied for each launch point and reached the continent severely in January and October. The associated weathering processes showed higher rates in September and lower rates in April, indicative of the influence of phenomena such as Intertropical Tropical Convergence Zone and warm pool in the South Atlantic region. Sea surface temperature and wind speed are key factors that correlate positively with these months.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Humberto L Varona
- Laboratory of Physical, Coastal and Estuarine Oceanography (LOFEC), Department of Oceanography (DOCEAN), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil; Center for Risk Analysis, Reliability Engineering and Environmental Modeling (CEERMA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Noriega
- Laboratory of Physical, Coastal and Estuarine Oceanography (LOFEC), Department of Oceanography (DOCEAN), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil; Center for Risk Analysis, Reliability Engineering and Environmental Modeling (CEERMA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Amilcar E Calzada
- Laboratory of Physical, Coastal and Estuarine Oceanography (LOFEC), Department of Oceanography (DOCEAN), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Carmen Medeiros
- Laboratory of Physical, Coastal and Estuarine Oceanography (LOFEC), Department of Oceanography (DOCEAN), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Alexander Lobaina
- Air Information System on Meteorology, The Cuban Company of Air Navigation, Cuba
| | | | - Dayron Chang
- Otto-von-Guericke, University of Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Dailin Reyes
- Center for Marine Meteorology, Meteorology Institute, Havana, Cuba
| | - Julia Araujo
- Brazilian Research Network on Global Climate Change (Rede CLIMA), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcus Silva
- Laboratory of Physical, Coastal and Estuarine Oceanography (LOFEC), Department of Oceanography (DOCEAN), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil; Center for Risk Analysis, Reliability Engineering and Environmental Modeling (CEERMA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Marcio das Chagas Moura
- Center for Risk Analysis, Reliability Engineering and Environmental Modeling (CEERMA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Moacyr Araujo
- Laboratory of Physical, Coastal and Estuarine Oceanography (LOFEC), Department of Oceanography (DOCEAN), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil; Center for Risk Analysis, Reliability Engineering and Environmental Modeling (CEERMA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil; Brazilian Research Network on Global Climate Change (Rede CLIMA), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xin Q, Saborimanesh N, Greer CW, Farooqi H, Dettman HD. The effect of temperature on hydrocarbon profiles and the microbial community composition in North Saskatchewan River water during mesoscale tank tests of diluted bitumen spills. Sci Total Environ 2023; 859:160161. [PMID: 36379338 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite many studies of diluted bitumen (DB) behavior during spills in saltwater, limited information is available on DB behavior in fresh water. This study examined the collective weathering processes on changes of fresh DB spilled in the North Saskatchewan River water and sediment mixture in a mesoscale spill tank under average air/water temperatures of 14 °C/15 °C and 6 °C/2 °C. Temporal changes of the hydrocarbon and microbial community compositions in the water column were assessed during the two 35-day tests under intermittent wave action. The contents of total organic carbon (TOC), benzene/toluene/ethylbenzene/xylenes (BTEX) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water decreased with time during both tests. The final contents remained at higher values in warm water (15 °C) than in cold water (2 °C) after the collective weathering processes. A quick response of the main phyla, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, was observed, where the members of Proteobacteria enriched during both DB spills. In contrast, the members of Actinobacteria reduced with time. The microbial shifts coincided with the changes of PAHs in the waters at both temperatures. A comparison of the physical properties and chemical compositions of fresh and weathered DBs at both temperatures showed that the oil had undergone weathering that increased oil density and viscosity due to losing the light oil fraction with boiling points < 204 °C and emulsifying with water. This corresponded to losses of 19.0 wt% and 17.2 wt% of the fresh DB at 15 °C and 2 °C tests, respectively. For organic compounds in the DB with boiling points > 204 °C, there were small losses of saturates and 2- & 3-ring PAH aromatics (more during the 15 °C test than the 2 °C test), and negligible losses in the subfractions of resins and asphaltenes by the ends of the tests. <1.0 wt% of the DB was recovered from the bottom sediment, regardless of the temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xin
- Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), CanmetENERGY, 1 Oil Patch Drive, Devon, AB T9G 1A8, Canada.
| | - Nayereh Saborimanesh
- Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), CanmetENERGY, 1 Oil Patch Drive, Devon, AB T9G 1A8, Canada
| | - Charles W Greer
- National Research Council Canada, Energy, Mining and Environment Research Centre, 6100 Royalmount Ave., Montreal, Quebec H4P 2R2, Canada; McGill University, Natural Resource Sciences, 21111 Lakeshore, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Hena Farooqi
- Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), CanmetENERGY, 1 Oil Patch Drive, Devon, AB T9G 1A8, Canada
| | - Heather D Dettman
- Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), CanmetENERGY, 1 Oil Patch Drive, Devon, AB T9G 1A8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu M, Han G. Distribution and fractionation of rare earth elements in suspended particulate matter in a coastal river, Southeast China. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12414. [PMID: 34760394 PMCID: PMC8559607 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the river system, the geochemistry of rare earth elements (REEs, a series of elements from La to Lu) in suspended particulate matter (SPM) is generally controlled by rock weathering processes and hydrochemical characteristics, as well as being affected by anthropogenic activities. However, the variations of geochemical characteristics and behaviors of REEs in SPM with a salinity gradient from the inland river to the estuary have been short of a systematic understanding. Methods The REE concentrations, Post Archean Australia Shale (PAAS)-normalized REE, La/Yb, La/Sm, and Sm/Yb ratios of SPM were investigated in the Jiulongjiang River, which is a coastal river mainly flowing through granite rocks in Southeast China. The correlation relationships between physicochemical parameters (including water pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), HCO3 - concentrations, and the concentrations of major elements of SPM) and PAAS-normalized REE ratios of SPM were analyzed to determine the factors that affect the REE concentration and fractionation of SPM in the different regions of Jiulongjiang River, including the main stream and tributary of Beixi River, Xixi River, Nanxi River, and estuary. Additionally, the Ce, Eu, and Gd anomalies of SPM were estimated. Results The average ∑REE concentration of SPM (352 mg/kg) in the granite rock basin was twice higher than the mean value (175 mg/kg) of the world's rivers. The PAAS-normalized REE ratios of SPM in the main rivers including Beixi River (main stream), Xixi River, and Nanxi River were near due to the same lithologic distribution. In the tributary of Beixi River, the input of low-weathered carbonate minerals which contain very few REE caused the lower REE concentrations of SPM. The PAAS-normalized REE ratios of SPM in the estuary were significantly lower than those in the main rivers, which was mainly attributed to the significant REE removal with the increment of salinity. The enrichment of LREE relative to HREE in SPM increased with decreasing water pH in the main rivers. In the estuary, the preferential removal of dissolved LREE occurred compared to HREE with the increment of salinity. The negative Ce and Eu anomalies of SPM occurred in both the main rivers and estuary region and rare Gd pollution was present in the basin. Additionally, human activities caused the increment of REE concentrations and more negative Ce anomaly at some specific sites, such as dam effect and agricultural pollution. Conclusions The REE concentrations and fractionations of SPM in river water mainly depend on lithologic distribution and riverine pH, while they are affected by salinity in the estuary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man Liu
- Institute of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China, China
| | - Guilin Han
- Institute of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bonotto DM, Jiménez-Rueda JR, Fagundes IC, Filho CRAF. Weathering processes and dating of soil profiles from São Paulo State, Brazil, by U-isotopes disequilibria. Appl Radiat Isot 2017; 119:6-15. [PMID: 27829185 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study reports the use of the U-series radionuclides 238U and 234U for dating two soil profiles. The soil horizons developed over sandstones from Tatuí and Pirambóia formations at the Paraná sedimentary basin, São Paulo State, Brazil. Chemical data in conjunction with the 234U/238U activity ratios (AR's) of the soil horizons allowed investigating the U-isotopes mobility in the shallow oxidizing environment. Kaolinization and laterization processes are taking place in the profiles sampled, as they are especially common in regions characterized by a wet and dry tropical climate and a water table that is close to the surface. These processes are implied by inverse significant correlations between silica and iron in both soil profiles. Iron oxides were also very important to retain uranium in the two sites investigated, helping on the understanding of the weathering processes acting there. 238U and its progeny 234U permitted evaluating the processes of physical and chemical alteration, allowing the suggestion of a possible timescale corresponding to the Middle Pleistocene for the development of the more superficial soil horizons.
Collapse
|
5
|
Veerasingam S, Saha M, Suneel V, Vethamony P, Rodrigues AC, Bhattacharyya S, Naik BG. Characteristics, seasonal distribution and surface degradation features of microplastic pellets along the Goa coast, India. Chemosphere 2016; 159:496-505. [PMID: 27341153 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic pellets (MPPs) are ubiquitous contaminants, recognised as a serious threat to the biota in coastal, estuarine and marine environment. The distribution, abundance, weathering and chemical characteristics of MPPs on the beaches of Goa, and their transport to the coast during the southwest (SW) monsoon are discussed in this paper. MPP samples collected from six sandy beaches were categorised based on colour and polymer types using Stereoscope microscope and FTIR-ATR spectroscopy, respectively. White colour MPPs were the most abundant, and Polyethylene (PE) and Polypropylene (PP) were the dominant polymer types of MPPs deposited on all the beaches. Carbonyl index values showed that MPPs collected in June 2015 (representing SW monsoon) were 'new', whereas the MPPs collected in January 2015 were 'aged', showing that MPPs are arriving at Goa coast only during SW monsoon due to conducive hydrodynamic conditions. Characteristics of MPPs suggest that they could be originated primarily from ocean-based sources. The winds and surface currents during SW monsoon are the driving forces for the transportation and deposition of MPPs on the Goa beaches. The results of this study will be useful to the National 'Clean India' program for effective plastic debris removal management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Veerasingam
- CSIR - National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, India.
| | - Mahua Saha
- CSIR - National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, India
| | - V Suneel
- CSIR - National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, India
| | - P Vethamony
- CSIR - National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, India
| | | | | | - B G Naik
- CSIR - National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang Y, Wen H, Zhu C, Fan H, Luo C, Liu J, Cloquet C. Cd isotope fractionation during simulated and natural weathering. Environ Pollut 2016; 216:9-17. [PMID: 27232452 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In practice, stable Cd isotope ratios are being applied to trace pollution sources in the natural environment. However, Cd isotope fractionation during weathering processes is not yet fully understood. We investigated Cd isotope fractionation of PbZn ore in leaching experiments and in the environment under natural weathering processes. Our leaching experiments demonstrated that the leachate was enriched with heavy Cd isotopes, relative to initial and residual samples (Δ(114/110)Cdleachate - initial state = 0.40-0.50‰, Δ(114/110)Cdleachate -residual state = 0.36-0.53‰). For natural samples, δ(114/110)Cd values of stream sediments were higher than those of the corresponding soil samples collected from the riverbank, Δ(114/110)Cdstream sediment -soil can be up to 0.50‰. This observation is consistent with our leaching experiments, which indicate significant Cd isotope fractionation during natural weathering processes. Therefore, natural contributions should be considered when using Cd isotopes to trace anthropogenic pollution in water and sediment systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Hanjie Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China.
| | - Chuanwei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Haifeng Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Chongguang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Christophe Cloquet
- Centre de Recherches Petrographique et Geochimiques, CNRS/UMR 7358, 15, Rue Notre-Dame-Pauvres, B. P. 20, 54501 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Veerasingam S, Mugilarasan M, Venkatachalapathy R, Vethamony P. Influence of 2015 flood on the distribution and occurrence of microplastic pellets along the Chennai coast, India. Mar Pollut Bull 2016; 109:196-204. [PMID: 27287866 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.05.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The sources, distribution, surface features, polymer composition and age of microplastic pellets (MPPs) in surface sediments along the Chennai coast during March 2015 (pre-Chennai flood) and November 2015 (post-Chennai flood) were characterised using a Stereoscopic microscope and FTIR-ATR spectroscopy. White MPPs were the most abundant, and specifically polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) were the dominant polymer types of MPPs found on the coast during both the times. The abundance of MPPs in November 2015 was three-fold higher than those found in March 2015, confirming that huge quantity of fresh MPPs washed through Cooum and Adyar rivers from land during the flood. The winds and surface currents during November were the driving forces for the transportation and deposition of MPPs from the sea to beaches. The results of this study will be useful to formulate beach MPPs litter management policies to effectively create long-term solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Veerasingam
- CSIR - National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula 403 004, Goa, India.
| | - M Mugilarasan
- Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai 608 502, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Venkatachalapathy
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608 102, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Vethamony
- CSIR - National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula 403 004, Goa, India
| |
Collapse
|