1
|
Gaml-Sørensen A, Brix N, Ernst A, Lunddorf LLH, Lindh C, Toft G, Henriksen TB, Arah OA, Ramlau-Hansen CH. The estimated effect of season and vitamin D in the first trimester on pubertal timing in girls and boys: a cohort study and an instrumental variable analysis. Int J Epidemiol 2023; 52:1328-1340. [PMID: 37178177 PMCID: PMC11046010 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyad060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Season of birth has been associated with age at menarche. Maternal vitamin D levels in pregnancy may explain this effect. We investigated whether the season of first trimester or maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] levels were associated with pubertal timing in children. METHODS We conducted a follow-up study of 15 819 children born in 2000-03 from the Puberty Cohort, nested in the Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC). Mean differences in attaining numerous pubertal markers, including a combined estimate for the average age at attaining all pubertal markers, were estimated for low (November-April) relative to high (May-October) sunshine exposure season in the first trimester using multivariable interval-censored regression models. Moreover, we conducted a two-sample instrumental variable analysis using season as an instrument for maternal first-trimester 25(OH)D3 plasma levels obtained from a non-overlapping subset (n = 827) in the DNBC. RESULTS For the combined estimate, girls and boys of mothers who had their first trimester during November-April had earlier pubertal timing than girls and boys of mothers whose first trimester occurred during May-October: -1.0 months (95% CI: -1.7 to -0.3) and -0.7 months (95% CI: -1.4 to -0.1), respectively. In the instrumental variable analysis, girls and boys also had earlier pubertal timing: respectively, -1.3 months (95% CI: -2.1 to -0.4) and -1.0 months (95% CI: -1.8 to -0.2) per SD (22 nmol/L) decrease in 25(OH)D3. CONCLUSIONS Both first pregnancy trimester during November-April and lower 25(OH)D3 were associated with earlier pubertal timing in girls and boys.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Gaml-Sørensen
- Department of Public Health, Research Unit for Epidemiology, Bartholins Allé 2, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), 650 Charles E Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Nis Brix
- Department of Public Health, Research Unit for Epidemiology, Bartholins Allé 2, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Brendstrupgårdsvej 21 C, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Andreas Ernst
- Department of Public Health, Research Unit for Epidemiology, Bartholins Allé 2, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Urology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens, Boulevard 35, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Lea Lykke Harrits Lunddorf
- Department of Public Health, Research Unit for Epidemiology, Bartholins Allé 2, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Christian Lindh
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Medicon Village, Byggnad 402 A, 22363, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Toft
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Hedeager 3, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Tine Brink Henriksen
- Perinatal Epidemiology Research Unit, Aarhus University and Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 103, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Onyebuchi A Arah
- Department of Public Health, Research Unit for Epidemiology, Bartholins Allé 2, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), 650 Charles E Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Statistics, Division of Physical Sciences, UCLA College, Boelter Hall 9434, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Cecilia Høst Ramlau-Hansen
- Department of Public Health, Research Unit for Epidemiology, Bartholins Allé 2, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), 650 Charles E Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hastaoglu KO, Poyraz F, Erdogan H, Tiryakioglu İ, Ozkaymak C, Duman H, Gül Y, Guler S, Dogan A, Gul Y. Determination of periodic deformation from InSAR results using the FFT time series analysis method in Gediz Graben. Nat Hazards (Dordr) 2023; 117:491-517. [PMID: 36846809 PMCID: PMC9942630 DOI: 10.1007/s11069-023-05870-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Permanent Scatterers (PS) point velocities obtained by the interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) method are generally determined using the linear regression model, which ignores periodic and seasonal effects. In this study, software was developed that can detect periodic effects by applying fast Fourier transformation (FFT) time series analysis to InSAR results. Using the FFT time series analysis, the periodic components of the surface movements at the PS points were determined, and then the annual velocity values free from periodic effects were obtained. The study area was chosen as the Gediz Graben, a tectonically active region where aseismic surface deformations have been observed in recent years. As a result, using the developed method, seasonal effects were successfully determined with the InSAR method at the PS points in the study area with a period of 384 days and an average amplitude of 19 mm. In addition, groundwater level changes of a water well in the region were modeled, and 0.93 correlation coefficient values were calculated between seasonal InSAR displacement values and water level changes. Thus, using the developed methodology, the relationship between the tectonic movement in the Gediz Graben in Turkey and the seasonal movements and the change in the groundwater level was determined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K. O. Hastaoglu
- Department of Geomatics Engineering, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey
| | - F. Poyraz
- Department of Geomatics Engineering, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey
| | - H. Erdogan
- Department of Geomatics Engineering, Aksaray University, 68100 Aksaray, Turkey
| | - İ. Tiryakioglu
- Department of Geomatics Engineering, Afyon Kocatepe University, 03200 Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - C. Ozkaymak
- Department of Geological Engineering, Afyon Kocatepe University, 03200 Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - H. Duman
- Department of Geomatics Engineering, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey
| | - Y. Gül
- Department of Civil Engineering, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey
| | - S. Guler
- Department of Geomatics Engineering, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey
| | - A. Dogan
- Sarıgöl Vocational School, Manisa Celal Bayar University, 45140 Manisa, Turkey
| | - Y. Gul
- Department of Geomatics Engineering, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xin Q, Saborimanesh N, Greer CW, Farooqi H, Dettman HD. The effect of temperature on hydrocarbon profiles and the microbial community composition in North Saskatchewan River water during mesoscale tank tests of diluted bitumen spills. Sci Total Environ 2023; 859:160161. [PMID: 36379338 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite many studies of diluted bitumen (DB) behavior during spills in saltwater, limited information is available on DB behavior in fresh water. This study examined the collective weathering processes on changes of fresh DB spilled in the North Saskatchewan River water and sediment mixture in a mesoscale spill tank under average air/water temperatures of 14 °C/15 °C and 6 °C/2 °C. Temporal changes of the hydrocarbon and microbial community compositions in the water column were assessed during the two 35-day tests under intermittent wave action. The contents of total organic carbon (TOC), benzene/toluene/ethylbenzene/xylenes (BTEX) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water decreased with time during both tests. The final contents remained at higher values in warm water (15 °C) than in cold water (2 °C) after the collective weathering processes. A quick response of the main phyla, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, was observed, where the members of Proteobacteria enriched during both DB spills. In contrast, the members of Actinobacteria reduced with time. The microbial shifts coincided with the changes of PAHs in the waters at both temperatures. A comparison of the physical properties and chemical compositions of fresh and weathered DBs at both temperatures showed that the oil had undergone weathering that increased oil density and viscosity due to losing the light oil fraction with boiling points < 204 °C and emulsifying with water. This corresponded to losses of 19.0 wt% and 17.2 wt% of the fresh DB at 15 °C and 2 °C tests, respectively. For organic compounds in the DB with boiling points > 204 °C, there were small losses of saturates and 2- & 3-ring PAH aromatics (more during the 15 °C test than the 2 °C test), and negligible losses in the subfractions of resins and asphaltenes by the ends of the tests. <1.0 wt% of the DB was recovered from the bottom sediment, regardless of the temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xin
- Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), CanmetENERGY, 1 Oil Patch Drive, Devon, AB T9G 1A8, Canada.
| | - Nayereh Saborimanesh
- Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), CanmetENERGY, 1 Oil Patch Drive, Devon, AB T9G 1A8, Canada
| | - Charles W Greer
- National Research Council Canada, Energy, Mining and Environment Research Centre, 6100 Royalmount Ave., Montreal, Quebec H4P 2R2, Canada; McGill University, Natural Resource Sciences, 21111 Lakeshore, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Hena Farooqi
- Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), CanmetENERGY, 1 Oil Patch Drive, Devon, AB T9G 1A8, Canada
| | - Heather D Dettman
- Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), CanmetENERGY, 1 Oil Patch Drive, Devon, AB T9G 1A8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tian X, Xu R, Liu W. Facial skin temperature and overall thermal sensation of sub-tropically acclimated Chinese subjects in summer. J Therm Biol 2023; 112:103422. [PMID: 36796884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2022.103422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the facial skin temperature and thermal sensation of sub-tropically acclimated subjects in summer. We conducted a summer experiment that simulated the common indoor temperatures in Changsha, China. Twenty healthy subjects experienced five exposure conditions: 24, 26, 28, 30 and 32 °C with a relative humidity of 60%. During exposure (140min), the sitting participants documented their thermal sensation, comfort and acceptability of the environment. Their facial skin temperatures were continuously and automatically recorded by using iButtons. These facial parts include the forehead, nose, left and right ears, left and right cheeks and chin. The results found that the maximum facial skin temperature difference increased with air temperature reduction. The forehead skin temperature was the highest. Nose skin temperature is lowest when air temperature is not higher than 26 °C during summer. Correlation analysis confirmed that the nose is the potential facial part that is most suitable to evaluate thermal sensation. Based on the published winter experiment, we further explored their seasonal effects. The seasonal analysis showed that, compared with winter, thermal sensation is more sensitive to indoor temperature changes and facial skin temperatures were less susceptible to thermal sensation changes in summer. Facial skin temperatures were higher in summer under the same thermal conditions. It suggests that seasonal effects should be considered when facial skin temperature can be used as an important parameter for indoor environment control in the future through monitoring thermal sensation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Tian
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Runpu Xu
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- School of Architecture and Art, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li H, Liu PQ, Luo QP, Ma JJ, Yang XR, Yan Y, Su JQ, Zhu YG. Spatiotemporal variations of microbial assembly, interaction, and potential risk in urban dust. Environ Int 2022; 170:107577. [PMID: 36244231 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Community and composition of dust-borne microbes would affect human health and are regulated by microbial community assembly. The dust in kindergarten is always collected to evaluate the microbial exposure of children, yet the microbial assembly, their interactions, and potential pathogens in kindergarten dust remain unclear. Here, we aim to investigate the microbial community assembly and structures, and potential bacterial pathogens in outdoor dust of kindergartens, and reveal the factors influencing the assembly and composition of microbial community. A total of 118 urban dust samples were collected on the outdoor impervious surfaces of 59 kindergartens from different districts of Xiamen in January and June 2020. We extracted microbial genomic DNA in these dusts and characterized the microbial (i.e., bacteria and fungi) community compositions and diversities using target gene-based (16S rRNA genes for bacterial community and ITS 2 regions for fungal community) high-throughput sequencing. Potential bacterial pathogens were identified and the interactions between microbes were determined through a co-occurrence network analysis. Our results showed the predominance of Actinobacteria and α-Proteobacteria in bacterial communities and Capnodiales in fungal communities. Season altered microbial assembly, composition, and interactions, with both bacterial and fungal communities exhibiting a higher heterogeneity in summer than those in winter. Although stochastic processes predominated in bacterial and fungal community assembly, the season-depended environmental factors (e.g., temperature) and interactions between microbes play important roles in dust microbial community assembly. Potential bacterial pathogens were detected in all urban dust, with significantly higher relative abundance in summer than that in winter. These results indicated that season exerted more profound effects on microbial community composition, assembly, and interactions, and suggested the seasonal changes of potential risk of microbes in urban dust. Our findings provide new insights into microbial community, community assembly, and interactions between microbes in the urban dust, and indicate that taxa containing opportunistic pathogens occur commonly in urban dust.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hu Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, Peoples R China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Pei-Qin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiu-Ping Luo
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jin-Jin Ma
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xiao-Ru Yang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, Peoples R China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Jian-Qiang Su
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, Peoples R China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, Peoples R China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bhattacharyya S, Poi R, Mandal S, Baskey Sen M, Hazra DK, Saha S, Karmakar R. Method development, validation, monitoring, seasonal effect and risk assessment of multiclass multi pesticide residues in surface and ground water of new alluvial zone in eastern India. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:17174-17187. [PMID: 34661836 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16959-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) method was validated as per SANTE/12682/2019 guidelines for gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) determination of thirty-six multiclass pesticides in environmental waters. Seasonal (summer, monsoon, and winter) effects on the magnitude of pesticide residues in environmental water (river, pond, and tube well) of six different urban areas of Nadia and North 24 Parganas districts (New alluvial zone, Eastern India) was monitored for subsequent risk assessment. Total 288 water samples (96 each of river, pond, and tube-well) irrespective of locations and seasons were monitored for multiclass multi pesticide residues during the experiment. Each sample (750 mL) was extracted with ethyl acetate/dichloromethane (8:2) liquid-liquid partitioning and filtration (0.22 μm nylon filter paper) and total residue was reconstituted in acetone (1 mL) for GC-MS analysis with developed and validated method resulting satisfactory recovery percentages (77.84-118.15%). The maximum no. of organochlorine (OC) and organophosphorus (OP) pesticide residues were dominated in river and pond water irrespective of seasons and monitoring sites. About 74% of river water samples were found to be contaminated with concerned pesticides in variable magnitudes. Monsoon (July to October) season was highly alarming with the highest presence of total pesticide residues in different types of environmental waters. Risk quotient (RQ) [acute and chronic] was also evaluated in pond and river water as sometimes used for drinking purposes. RQ value (5900) of total endosulfan indicates the highest risk of chronic toxicity to river fishes. Seven water samples from tube-wells were also monitored and found to be contaminated with butachlor and chlorpyriphos in non-significant amounts (< 0.1 ng mL-1), irrespective of seasons and sites, thus safe for consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Bhattacharyya
- All India Network Project on Pesticide Residue Laboratory, Directorate of Research, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India
| | - Rajlakshmi Poi
- All India Network Project on Pesticide Residue Laboratory, Directorate of Research, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India
| | - Swagata Mandal
- All India Network Project on Pesticide Residue Laboratory, Directorate of Research, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India
| | - Moni Baskey Sen
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India
| | - Dipak Kumar Hazra
- All India Network Project on Pesticide Residue Laboratory, Directorate of Research, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India
| | - Supradip Saha
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Rajib Karmakar
- All India Network Project on Pesticide Residue Laboratory, Directorate of Research, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Alsayed ARM. Association between coronavirus cases and seasonal climatic variables in Mediterranean European Region, evidence by panel data regression. Int J Environ Sci Technol (Tehran) 2022; 19:8265-8272. [PMID: 34659425 PMCID: PMC8513551 DOI: 10.1007/s13762-021-03698-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus pandemic is one of the most fast-spreading diseases in the history, and the transmission of this virus has crossed rapidly over the whole world. In this study, we intend to detect the effect of temperature, precipitation, and wind speed on the Coronavirus infected cases throughout climate seasons for the whole year of epidemic starting from February 20, 2020 to February 19, 2021 with considering data patterns of each season separately; winter, spring, summer, autumn, in Mediterranean European regions, whereas those are located at the similar temperature zone in southern Europe. We apply the panel data approach by considering the developed robust estimation of clustered standard error which leads to achieving high forecasting accuracy. The main finding supports that temperature and wind speed have significant influence in reducing the Coronavirus cases at the beginning of this epidemic particularly in the first-winter, spring, and early summer, but they have very weak effects in the autumn and second-winter. Therefore, it is important to take into account the changes throughout seasons, and to consider other indirect factors which influence the virus transmission. This finding could lead to significant contributions to policymakers in European Union and European Commission Environment to limit the Coronavirus transmissions. As the Mediterranean region becomes more crowded for tourism purposes particularly in the summer season.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. R. M. Alsayed
- Department of Economics, Management and Quantitative Methods, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pires D, Ambar Akkaoui M, Laaidi K, Chan Chee C, Fifre G, Lejoyeux M, Geoffroy PA. Impact of meteorological factors on alcohol use disorders: A study in emergency departments. Chronobiol Int 2021; 39:456-459. [PMID: 34866498 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.2002351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
No data exist on the influence of meteorological factors on alcohol use disorders (AUD). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between meteorological factors and AUD. All patients who were admitted to an emergency department (ED) in the Paris-region for an alcohol-related condition were included using the Oscour® database over the period January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019. Meteorological data were collected by Météo-France (French Weather service). All data were aggregated by week. We performed Pearson correlations between weather variables and the number of ED visits for AUD. We observed 98,748 ED visits for alcohol-related conditions over the study period. We found significant positive correlations between the number of alcohol-related ED visits and the mean temperature (r = 0.55; p = 1.87e -5, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 0.33, 0.72) and the duration of sunlight (r = 0.42; p = .0015, 95% CI = 0.17, 0.62). Negative correlations were also found significant with rain (r = -0.40; p = .0014, 95% CI = -0.62, -0.18), humidity (r = -0.41; p = .0023, 95% CI = -0.62, -0.16) and wind speed (r = -0.40; p = .0031, 95% CI = -0.60, -0.14). Emergency visits for AUD seem to increase with the temperature and duration of sunlight, and decrease with rain, humidity and wind speed. Further studies are needed on a larger scale and taking into account potential confounding factors to confirm these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damien Pires
- Département de psychiatrie et d'addictologie, AP-HP, GHU Paris Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard, Paris, France
| | - Marine Ambar Akkaoui
- Département de psychiatrie et d'addictologie, AP-HP, GHU Paris Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard, Paris, France.,Centre Psychiatrique d'Orientation et d'Accueil (CPOA), GHU Paris - Psychiatry & Neurosciences, Paris, France.,Etablissement Publique de Santé Mentale de Ville Evrard, Psychiatric Emergency, CH Delafontaine, EPS Ville Evrard, 93300 Saint Denis, France
| | - Karine Laaidi
- Santé Publique France, direction santé-environnement-travail, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Christine Chan Chee
- Santé Publique France, direction santé-environnement-travail, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Grégory Fifre
- Direction des Services de la Météorologie, Météo-France, Toulouse, France
| | - Michel Lejoyeux
- Département de psychiatrie et d'addictologie, AP-HP, GHU Paris Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard, Paris, France.,GHU Paris - Psychiatry & Neurosciences, Paris, France
| | - Pierre A Geoffroy
- Département de psychiatrie et d'addictologie, AP-HP, GHU Paris Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard, Paris, France.,GHU Paris - Psychiatry & Neurosciences, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, NeuroDiderot, Inserm, Paris, France.,CNRS UPR 3212, Institute for Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tiralerdpanich P, Nasaree S, Pinyakong O, Sonthiphand P. Variation of the mangrove sediment microbiomes and their phenanthrene biodegradation rates during the dry and wet seasons. Environ Pollut 2021; 289:117849. [PMID: 34325096 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mangrove sediment is a major sink for phenanthrene in natural environments. Consequently, this study investigated the effects of seasonal variation on the biodegradation rates of low (150 mg kg-1), moderate (600 mg kg-1), and high (1200 mg kg-1) phenanthrene-contaminated mangrove sediments using a microcosm study and identified potential key phenanthrene-degrading bacteria using high throughput sequencing of 16 S rRNA gene and quantitative-PCR of the PAH-ring hydroxylating dioxygenase (PAH-RHDα) genes. The biodegradation rates of phenanthrene in all treatments were higher in the wet-season sediments (11.58, 14.51, and 8.94 mg kg-1 sediment day-1) than in the dry-season sediments (3.51, 12.56, and 5.91 mg kg-1 sediment day-1) possibly due to higher nutrient accumulation caused by rainfall and higher diversity of potential phenanthrene-degrading bacteria. The results suggested that the mangrove sediment microbiome significantly clustered according to season. Although Gram-negative phenanthrene-degrading bacteria (i.e., Anaerolineaceae, Marinobacter, and Rhodobacteraceae) played a key role in both dry and wet seasons, distinctly different phenanthrene-degrading bacterial taxa were observed in each season. Halomonas and Porticoccus were potentially responsible for the degradation of phenanthrene in the dry and wet seasons, respectively. The knowledge gained from this study contributes to the development of effective and rationally designed microbiome innovations for oil removal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parichaya Tiralerdpanich
- International Postgraduate Program in Hazardous Substance and Environmental Management, Chulalongkorn University, 9th Floor, CU Research Building, Phayathai Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management, Chulalongkorn University, 8th Floor, CU Research Building, Phayathai Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Sirawit Nasaree
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 272 Rama VI Road, Rachadhavi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Onruthai Pinyakong
- Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management, Chulalongkorn University, 8th Floor, CU Research Building, Phayathai Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Microbial Technology for Marine Pollution Treatment Research Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Prinpida Sonthiphand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 272 Rama VI Road, Rachadhavi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Calle A, Carrascal AK, Patiño C, Carpio C, Echeverry A, Brashears M. Seasonal effect on Salmonella, Shiga toxin-producing E. coli O157:H7 and non-O157 in the beef industry in Colombia, South America. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07547. [PMID: 34345734 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This research investigated the variations in the occurrence of Salmonella, STEC O157:H7 and non-O157 in the beef production chain in Colombia affected by seasons, hypothesizing that pathogen prevalence will be highest in the rainy season owing to soil moisture promoting bacteria multiplication and transfer between animals. To test this hypothesis, samples were obtained from five abattoirs, which represent 50% of the beef production in this country. A total of 1017 samples were collected, from which 606 were bovine feces, 206 were hide swabs, and 205 corresponded to carcass post-intervention. From the 1017 samples, 49.9% (n = 507) were collected during dry season, while 50.1% (n = 510) during rainy season. All samples (n = 1017) underwent screening for E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella, while only a proportion of fecal samples (n = 339) were screened for the big six STEC serogroups and their virulence markers. The effect of season, age of animal and sex of animal were correlated with the prevalence results. A total of 84.7% of fecal samples carried virulence genes associated to STEC (stx or eae), suggesting that testing and control should be increased for the big-six STEC compared to E. coli O157:H7. Pathogen prevalence in feces was found to be 8.3%, 5.0%, and 51.0% for Salmonella, E. coli O157:H7 and STEC non-O157, respectively. Hides had a prevalence of 15.0% and 6.8% of Salmonella and E. coli O157:H7, respectively. Carcasses post-intervention were found to have 4.4% and 2.5% prevalence of Salmonella and E. coli O157:H7, respectively. A seasonal effect was found for fecal samples. E. coli O157 and non-O157 STEC shedding were significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) during rainy season compared to dry season. In contrast, hides and carcasses were more likely to present lower incidence of pathogens during rainy months compared to dry season; however, it was significant only for Salmonella on carcasses with estimated odds of detection almost six times higher in the dry season relative to the rainy season (OR = 5.90, 95% CI 1.18-29.57).
Collapse
|
11
|
Xia Z, MacIsaac HJ, Hecky RE, Depew DC, Haffner GD, Weidman RP. Multiple factors regulate filtration by invasive mussels: Implications for whole-lake ecosystems. Sci Total Environ 2021; 765:144435. [PMID: 33418329 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The quagga mussel (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) is a filter-feeding invasive species that has re-engineered many freshwater ecosystems worldwide. High clearance rates (CRs) and dense populations underpin their ecological impacts. CRs, however, are highly variable, as are environmental factors that regulate them. Despite their widespread distribution in Europe and North America, knowledge of how multiple environmental factors regulate CRs of quagga mussels remains limited. We investigated quagga mussel CRs under varying conditions including water temperature, food availability, habitat depth, flow velocity, and duration of incubation in chambers with both static and flowing water. We found that CR was positively related to water temperature and initial food concentration in static chambers. When coupled with limited food concentration, cold water (7.5 °C), due to a deep-water upwelling event, produced very low CR (~ 10× lower) compared to warmer water (12-24 °C) (0.47 vs. 3.12-5.84 L g-1 DW h-1). Mussels from deeper water (20 m) had CRs that were ~ 3.5× higher than from shallower depths (2-10 m) and CRs were inversely affected by total mussel dry weight. Flow rates from 1 to 22 cm s-1 generated a unimodal pattern of CR with an optimal flow velocity of 6-12 cm s-1 (~ 2× higher than suboptimal CRs). Enhanced flow velocity (22 cm s-1), reflective of storm conditions in shallow waters, significantly increased the closing/reopening activity of mussel valves relative to lower velocities (1-12 cm s-1). Incubation time had a strong negative effect (~ 2-4× reduction) on CRs likely reflecting refiltration in static chambers versus food saturation of mussels in flowing chambers, respectively. Our findings highlight how multiple factors can influence quagga mussel CRs by factors of 2-10. Given widespread habitat heterogeneity in large aquatic ecosystems, whole-lake estimates of mussel impacts should include multiple regulatory factors that affect mussel filtration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Xia
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada.
| | - Hugh J MacIsaac
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada.
| | - Robert E Hecky
- Large Lakes Observatory, University of Minnesota-Duluth, Duluth, MN 55812, USA.
| | - David C Depew
- Environment & Climate Change Canada, Watershed Hydrology & Ecology Research Division, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada.
| | - G Douglas Haffner
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada.
| | - R Paul Weidman
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hodel C, Nathues H, Grahofer A. Effect of housing conditions, management procedures and traits of the external male reproductive tract on the sexual behaviour of natural mating boars. Theriogenology 2021; 167:44-50. [PMID: 33744771 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Although artificial insemination in pig production is widespread, many farms rely on natural mating (NM). For NM to be successful, adequate sexual behaviour and a sufficient libido level in boars is crucial for appropriate reproductive performance. Therefore, this observational study evaluated the libido level of 59 boars of different breeds used for NM by a scoring system ranging from 0 (no libido) to a maximum of 23 points (perfect libido) and analysed their general and andrological health as well as housing and management factors influencing the libido. The boars showed a mean libido score of 16.7 (SD ± 2.3). Crossbreed (median: 17.5, min: 14.0, max: 21.0) (p < 0.01) and Landrace (median: 17.5, min: 17.0, max: 21.0) (p < 0.05) boars showed significantly higher libido scores compared to Piétrain boars (median: 14.0, min: 13.0, max: 17.0). A non-slippery mating area was found to be positively associated with libido (p < 0.05), whereas disorders such as lameness showed a negative correlation (p < 0.01). In winter, significantly higher libido values (median: 17.0, min: 14.0, max: 21.0) were recorded compared to spring (median: 16.0, min: 11.0, max: 21.0) (p < 0.05). In addition, high number of supports by farmers during natural mating and frequency of use for NM and for stimulation of artificially inseminated sows did not negatively influence the libido score. No significant correlation between the satisfaction of the farmer about the libido level of the boars and the evaluated libido score was detected. This is the first study investigating the effect of housing conditions and management procedures on the libido of boars used for NM under field conditions. The findings may therefore help to establish a successful mating management for herds applying NM on a regular basis. A systematic evaluation of the libido score is needed to detected boars with low libido levels, because it is often overlooked by the farmers. Moreover, genetics, general health condition and flooring in mating areas turned out to be critical parameters that influence the libido score of boars used for NM and therefore should be considered when examining natural mating on farm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Hodel
- Clinic for Swine, Department for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - H Nathues
- Clinic for Swine, Department for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - A Grahofer
- Clinic for Swine, Department for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Asadi Sharif E, Yahyavi B, Bayrami A, Rahim Pouran S, Atazadeh E, Singh R, Abdul Raman AA. Physicochemical and biological status of Aghlagan river, Iran: effects of seasonal changes and point source pollution. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:15339-15349. [PMID: 33236302 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11660-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although the macroinvertebrates have been widely used as bio-indicator for river water quality assessment in developed countries, its application is new in Iran and data on the health status of the most ecologically important rivers in Iran is scarce. The present study aimed at monitoring and assessing the ecological quality of Aghlagan river, northwest of Iran, using integrated physicochemical-biological approaches. A total of 14,423 samplings were carried out from the headwater to downstream sites at four stations (S1, 2, 3, 4) by a Surber sampler (30 cm × 30 cm) from June 2018 to April 2019. The results obtained from macroinvertebrate biotic index revealed that the genera of Gammarus (Amphipoda) and Baetis (Ephemeroptera) were the most abundant in all seasons. The PAST software was applied to analyze the diversity indices (Shannon-Weiner diversity, Evenness, and Simpson indices). Based on the cluster analysis, S3 established the least similarity to other stations. The average frequency of each macroinvertebrate species was determined by one-factor analysis of similarities (ANOSIM). In accordance with canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), temperature and phosphate were found as the dominant factors effecting the macroinvertebrate assemblage and distribution. Moreover, the results obtained from the biological indices concluded very good quality of S4 by Helsinhoff and EPT indices and fair quality using BMWP index. The data on the macrobenthos assemblage and dynamics in the Aghlagan river across a hydraulic gradient provided useful information on water management efforts that assist us to find sustainable solutions for the enhanced quality of the river by balancing environmental and human values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Asadi Sharif
- Department of Fisheries Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Behnaz Yahyavi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Bayrami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Shima Rahim Pouran
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Centre, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Ehsan Atazadeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ramesh Singh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Centre of Advanced Manufacturing and Materials Processing, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Tunku Highway, Gadong, BE1410, Darussalam, Brunei
| | - Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
He H, Cao H, Huang B, He M, Ma C, Yao D, Luo C, Yao G, Duan M. Functional abnormalities of striatum are related to the season-specific effect on schizophrenia. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 15:2347-2355. [PMID: 33398777 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-020-00430-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a syndrome that is typically accompanied by delusions, hallucinations and cognitive impairments. Specifically, abundant evidences support the notion that more people diagnosed with schizophrenia are born during fall-winter than spring-summer. Although pathophysiological of schizophrenia might be associated with abnormal brain functional network, little is currently known the relationship between season and deficient brain functional network of schizophrenia. To investigate this issue, in this study 51 schizophrenic subjects and 72 healthy controls underwent MRI scanning to detect the brain functional mapping, each at spring-summer and fall-winter season throughout the year. The data-driven method was used to measure the blood oxygen metabolism variability (BOMV). Decreased BOMV in spring-summer while increased in fall-winter were observed within dopaminergic network of schizophrenic subjects, including striatum, thalamus, and hippocampus. The post hoc analysis exploring the coupling among changed BOMV regions, confirmed that a positive relationship, between pallidum and hippocampus existed in fall-winter healthy controls, but not in fall-winter schizophrenic subjects. These findings identified that seasonal effect on striatum might be associated with modulation of striatum-hippocampus. Our results provide a new insight into the role of season in understanding the pathophysiological of schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui He
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 4, Section 2, North Jianshe Road, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Cao
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 4, Section 2, North Jianshe Road, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Binxin Huang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 4, Section 2, North Jianshe Road, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Manxi He
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 4, Section 2, North Jianshe Road, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Ma
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 4, Section 2, North Jianshe Road, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Dezhong Yao
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 4, Section 2, North Jianshe Road, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China.,Research Unit of NeuroInformation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU035, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Luo
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 4, Section 2, North Jianshe Road, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China. .,High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
| | - Gang Yao
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 4, Section 2, North Jianshe Road, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mingjun Duan
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 4, Section 2, North Jianshe Road, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Thiessen M, Cui Q, Hu XJ, Rosychuk RJ. Exploring spatio-temporal patterns in mental health related emergency department use from children and adolescents. Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol 2020; 34:100358. [PMID: 32807398 DOI: 10.1016/j.sste.2020.100358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
To understand the spatio-temporal patterns and associated risk factors with the frequency, we analyze records of mental health related emergency department (MHED) visits from youth. The data are extracted for the period 2002--2011 from the population-based, provincial health administrative data systems of Alberta, Canada. Guided by a descriptive analysis, we conduct generalized linear regression analyses of the counts of MHED visits from various health areas. Seasonal effects are examined via three different types of functions, including trigonometric functions. We specify the temporal correlation using an autoregressive model of order 1 and formulate the spatial correlation by a random effects model. Our analysis reveals a strong seasonal pattern and indicates that the MHED visit counts are significantly associated with age, gender, and a proxy for socio-economic status. The final statistical model may be used to forecast future MHED use and identify regions and groups at a higher risk to the MHEDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Thiessen
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Qi Cui
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - X Joan Hu
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Rhonda J Rosychuk
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Laffite A, Al Salah DMM, Slaveykova VI, Otamonga JP, Poté J. Impact of anthropogenic activities on the occurrence and distribution of toxic metals, extending-spectra β-lactamases and carbapenem resistance in sub-Saharan African urban rivers. Sci Total Environ 2020; 727:138129. [PMID: 32498199 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence and dissemination of toxic metals, antibiotic resistant bacteria and their resistance genes (ARGs) in the aquatic ecosystems of sub-Saharan African countries are still understudied, despite their potential to threat human health and aquatic organisms. In this context, the co-contamination and seasonal distribution of toxic metals and ARG in river sediments receiving untreated urban sewages and hospital effluents from Kinshasa, the capital city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo were investigated. ARGs including β-lactam resistance (blaCTX-M and blaSHV), carbapenem resistance (blaVIM, blaIMP, blaKPC, blaOXA-48 and blaNDM) and total bacterial load were quantified by using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in total DNA extracted from sediment. The amount of toxic metals in sediments was quantified using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results highlight high abundance of 16S rRNA and ARGs copy numbers in sediment samples. Strong pollution of rivers by toxic metals was found, with max values (mg kg-1) of 81.85(Cr), 5.09(Co), 33.84(Ni), 203.46 (Cu), 1055.92(Zn), 324.24(Pb) and 2.96(Hg). Results also highlight the high abundance of bacterial markers (8.06 × 109-2.42 × 1012 16S rRNA/g-1 DS) as well as antibiotic resistance genes (up to 4.58 × 108 ARG. g-1 DS) in the studied rivers. Significant correlations were observed between (i) metals (except Cd and Hg) and organic matter (R > 0.60, p < 0.05); and (ii) ARGs (except blaNDM) and 16S rRNA (R > 0.57, p < 0.05) suggesting a tight link between (i) metal contamination and anthropogenic pressure and (ii) microbial contamination of river and dissemination of antibiotic resistance. Results demonstrated that multi-diffuse pollution originating from human activity contribute to the spread of toxic metals and ARGs into the aquatic ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Laffite
- Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences and Institute of Environmental Sciences, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, Uni Carl Vogt, 66 Boulevard Carl-Vogt, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Dhafer Mohammed M Al Salah
- Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences and Institute of Environmental Sciences, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, Uni Carl Vogt, 66 Boulevard Carl-Vogt, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland; King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Joint Centers of Excellence Program, Prince Turki the 1st st, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vera I Slaveykova
- Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences and Institute of Environmental Sciences, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, Uni Carl Vogt, 66 Boulevard Carl-Vogt, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Paul Otamonga
- Université Pédagogique Nationale (UPN), Croisement Route de Matadi et Avenue de la Libération, Quartier Binza/UPN, B.P. 8815 Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - John Poté
- Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences and Institute of Environmental Sciences, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, Uni Carl Vogt, 66 Boulevard Carl-Vogt, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland; Université Pédagogique Nationale (UPN), Croisement Route de Matadi et Avenue de la Libération, Quartier Binza/UPN, B.P. 8815 Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; University of Kinshasa (UNIKIN), Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, B.P. 190 Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Takai M, Ishikawa M, Maeda H, Kubota A, Iemitsu K, Umezawa S, Kawata T, Takuma T, Takeda H, Tanaka K, Machimura H, Minagawa F, Mokubo A, Motomiya T, Kanamori A, Matsuba I. A Study of Seasonal Variation in the Effect of Add-On Sitagliptin on Blood Glucose Control in Insulin-Treated Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. J Clin Med Res 2020; 12:200-208. [PMID: 32231757 PMCID: PMC7092762 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr4103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There are several reports of seasonal variation in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), but no reports of seasonal variation in the effect of add-on drugs on blood glucose control in insulin-treated patients. Methods Using data collected from 630 patients in a multicenter study, we compared the amount of change in HbA1c after 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of add-on administration of sitagliptin in insulin-treated patients divided into four groups based on the month when sitagliptin was started. Results A significantly larger decrease in HbA1c at 6 months from baseline was observed in the group that started add-on sitagliptin in February to April than in the other three groups. However, the amount of change in HbA1c at 12 months did not differ among the groups. Conclusions The consideration of seasonal variation enables more accurate evaluation of a drug’s short-term effect on blood glucose control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Takai
- Diabetes Committee Study Group, Kanagawa Physicians Association, 1-3 Fujimichou, Nakaku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 231-0037, Japan
| | - Masashi Ishikawa
- Diabetes Committee Study Group, Kanagawa Physicians Association, 1-3 Fujimichou, Nakaku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 231-0037, Japan
| | - Hajime Maeda
- Diabetes Committee Study Group, Kanagawa Physicians Association, 1-3 Fujimichou, Nakaku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 231-0037, Japan
| | - Akira Kubota
- Diabetes Committee Study Group, Kanagawa Physicians Association, 1-3 Fujimichou, Nakaku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 231-0037, Japan
| | - Kotaro Iemitsu
- Diabetes Committee Study Group, Kanagawa Physicians Association, 1-3 Fujimichou, Nakaku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 231-0037, Japan
| | - Shinichi Umezawa
- Diabetes Committee Study Group, Kanagawa Physicians Association, 1-3 Fujimichou, Nakaku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 231-0037, Japan
| | - Takehiro Kawata
- Diabetes Committee Study Group, Kanagawa Physicians Association, 1-3 Fujimichou, Nakaku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 231-0037, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Takuma
- Diabetes Committee Study Group, Kanagawa Physicians Association, 1-3 Fujimichou, Nakaku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 231-0037, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takeda
- Diabetes Committee Study Group, Kanagawa Physicians Association, 1-3 Fujimichou, Nakaku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 231-0037, Japan
| | - Keiji Tanaka
- Diabetes Committee Study Group, Kanagawa Physicians Association, 1-3 Fujimichou, Nakaku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 231-0037, Japan
| | - Hideo Machimura
- Diabetes Committee Study Group, Kanagawa Physicians Association, 1-3 Fujimichou, Nakaku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 231-0037, Japan
| | - Fuyuki Minagawa
- Diabetes Committee Study Group, Kanagawa Physicians Association, 1-3 Fujimichou, Nakaku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 231-0037, Japan
| | - Atsuko Mokubo
- Diabetes Committee Study Group, Kanagawa Physicians Association, 1-3 Fujimichou, Nakaku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 231-0037, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Motomiya
- Diabetes Committee Study Group, Kanagawa Physicians Association, 1-3 Fujimichou, Nakaku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 231-0037, Japan
| | - Akira Kanamori
- Diabetes Committee Study Group, Kanagawa Physicians Association, 1-3 Fujimichou, Nakaku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 231-0037, Japan
| | - Ikuro Matsuba
- Diabetes Committee Study Group, Kanagawa Physicians Association, 1-3 Fujimichou, Nakaku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 231-0037, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ravaoarisoa L, Rakotonirina J, Randriamanantsaina L, de Dieu Marie Rakotomanga J, Dramaix MW, Donnen P. Food consumption and undernutrition variations among mothers during the post-harvest and lean seasons in Amoron'i Mania Region, Madagascar. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1005. [PMID: 31349840 PMCID: PMC6660682 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7333-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seasonal variation affects nutrition particularly in contexts where people's food consumption depends on their production of food. Assessing the effect of the season on nutrition status can help us to identify strategies to address undernutrition. This study aims to measure the variations in food consumption and the incidence of undernutrition according to season, and to identify the factors associated with the incidence of undernutrition. METHODS A cohort study was conducted among 608 mothers aged between 18 and 45 years living in the Amoron'i Mania Region of Madagascar. Inclusion in the study occurred during the post-harvest season, and mothers were followed until the end of the next lean period (7 months). A dichotomous variable of the frequency of consumption of various foods was used to establish variation in food consumption. Body Mass Index < 18.5 kg/m2 and Middle Upper Arm Circumference < 220 mm were used to measure incidence of undernutrition. A generalized linear model was used to identify factors associated with the incidence of undernutrition and to derive relative risks. RESULTS During the lean season, the frequency of consumption of leafy green vegetables, peanuts, fish, and eggs decreased significantly. In contrast, the frequency of fruit, legumes, and non-leafy green vegetables consumption increased significantly. The prevalence of undernutrition (based on the BMI and/or MUAC) among mothers increased from 19.6% in the post-harvest period to 27.1% in the lean period (p < 0.001). The incidence of undernutrition (based on the BMI and/or MUAC) during the follow-up was 12.2%. The factors related to undernutrition were low and medium score of movable property possession (Adjusted RR = 3.26 [1.33-7.94] and Adjusted RR = 2.48 [1.01-6.10]), no toilet (Adjusted RR = 1.76 [1.07-2.91]), and pregnancy (Adjusted RR = 2.92 [1.42-6.04]) (based on the MUAC only for pregnancy). CONCLUSION This study highlights the variation in the frequency and type of food consumption and subsequent deterioration in mothers' nutritional status during the lean season. Economic, hygiene, and reproductive factors were associated with undernutrition. Analyzing the existing interventions to fight maternal undernutrition is necessary to determine whether or not seasonality is considered and addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lantonirina Ravaoarisoa
- Institut National de Santé Publique et Communautaire Antananarivo Madagascar, Faculté de Médecine d’Antananarivo Madagascar, Ecole de Santé Publique de l’Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julio Rakotonirina
- Institut National de Santé Publique et Communautaire Antananarivo Madagascar, Faculté de Médecine d’Antananarivo Madagascar, Ecole de Santé Publique de l’Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lalhyss Randriamanantsaina
- Institut National de Santé Publique et Communautaire Antananarivo Madagascar, Faculté de Médecine d’Antananarivo Madagascar, Ecole de Santé Publique de l’Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean de Dieu Marie Rakotomanga
- Institut National de Santé Publique et Communautaire Antananarivo Madagascar, Faculté de Médecine d’Antananarivo Madagascar, Ecole de Santé Publique de l’Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michèle Wilmet Dramaix
- Institut National de Santé Publique et Communautaire Antananarivo Madagascar, Faculté de Médecine d’Antananarivo Madagascar, Ecole de Santé Publique de l’Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe Donnen
- Institut National de Santé Publique et Communautaire Antananarivo Madagascar, Faculté de Médecine d’Antananarivo Madagascar, Ecole de Santé Publique de l’Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lavrnić S, Cristino S, Zapater-Pereyra M, Vymazal J, Cupido D, Lucchese G, Mancini B, Mancini ML. Effect of earthworms and plants on the efficiency of vertical flow systems treating university wastewater. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:10354-10362. [PMID: 30761495 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04508-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
One of the possible ways to improve the operation efficiency of constructed wetlands and to prevent their clogging is the application of earthworms. They have already been successfully applied for vermicomposting and for sludge dewatering and treatment. A few studies have already examined the effect of earthworms on the treatment of wastewater by vertical flow constructed wetlands (VFCWs), but none of them have provided a yearlong research result from an open-air system or compared the effect that different seasons in a temperate climate area can have on these invertebrates. The goal of this research was to estimate the effect that earthworms and plants have on VFCW's operation. Four mesocosms (a filter, a filter with earthworms, a VFCW and a VFCW with earthworms) were built and their influent and effluent water quality was monitored for a period of 1 year. They were fed with wastewater coming from a building of the University of Bologna (Italy). The results have shown that the presence of earthworms in this specific system did not reduce the organic matter content of the substrate, but it has positively influenced plants' growth. However, since neither earthworms nor plants had a statistically significant effect on the effluent quality, it can be concluded that the integration of these invertebrates cannot improve wastewater treatment of vertical flow filters or constructed wetlands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stevo Lavrnić
- Campus de Puerto Real, University of Cádiz, Polígono San Pedro s/n, Puerto Real, 11519, Cádiz, Spain.
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Chimica, Ambientale e dei Materiali, University of Bologna, Via Umberto Terracini 28, 40131, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Sandra Cristino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 12, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Jan Vymazal
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 21, Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Domenico Cupido
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Chimica, Ambientale e dei Materiali, University of Bologna, Via Umberto Terracini 28, 40131, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lucchese
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Chimica, Ambientale e dei Materiali, University of Bologna, Via Umberto Terracini 28, 40131, Bologna, Italy
| | - Benedetta Mancini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 12, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maurizio L Mancini
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Chimica, Ambientale e dei Materiali, University of Bologna, Via Umberto Terracini 28, 40131, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lan G, Li Y, Lesueur D, Wu Z, Xie G. Seasonal changes impact soil bacterial communities in a rubber plantation on Hainan Island, China. Sci Total Environ 2018; 626:826-834. [PMID: 29396343 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Rubber plantations have expanded rapidly over the past 20 years in tropical Asia and their impacts on regional ecosystems have garnered much concern. While much attention has been given to the negative impacts on aboveground diversity and function, the belowground bacterial soil community has received much less attention. Here, we investigated the community composition and diversity of soil bacteria of rubber plantations on Hainan Island in south China. The goals of the study were to describe changes in bacterial compositions and diversity across seasons. We found that seasonality defined by differences in rainfall amount strongly influenced bacterial communities. At both the Phylum and Family levels, we found significant differences in the total number of taxa, as well as the composition of the community as a function of season. Diversity of soil samples in the dry-rainy season was highest of three seasons, suggesting that bacterial structure was more sensitive in alternate periods of season. Diversity in the rainy season was substantial lower than in dry season. Results from a redundancy analysis showed that seasonal changes explained the largest part (31.9%) of the total variance of bacterial community composition. In conclusion, seasonal change had the greatest influence on bacterial communities, which overshadowed the effects of soil nutrient as well as other factors, and controls the bacterial communities in soils of RP in tropical region of Hainan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoyu Lan
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou City, Hainan Province 571737, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 88 Xuefu Road, Kunming 650223, PR China; Danzhou Investigation & Experiment Station of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Danzhou City, Hainan Province 571737, PR China.
| | - Yuwu Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 88 Xuefu Road, Kunming 650223, PR China.
| | - Didier Lesueur
- Eco & Sols, University Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UMR ECO & SOLS, CIAT-Asia, Hanoi, Vietnam; Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Zhixiang Wu
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou City, Hainan Province 571737, PR China; Danzhou Investigation & Experiment Station of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Danzhou City, Hainan Province 571737, PR China
| | - Guishui Xie
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou City, Hainan Province 571737, PR China; Danzhou Investigation & Experiment Station of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Danzhou City, Hainan Province 571737, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Superville PJ, Ivanovsky A, Bhurtun P, Prygiel J, Billon G. Diel cycles of reduced manganese and their seasonal variability in the Marque River (northern France). Sci Total Environ 2018; 624:918-925. [PMID: 29275254 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Electrolabile reduced manganese (II) has been monitored by voltammetry during two periods of one month in summer 2014 and at the end of winter 2015 in a small river (the Marque River) located in northern France and going through a suburban area with agricultural activities. Diel variations, evolution within the one-month periods and seasonal differences have been observed. Taking into consideration the multiple physical, biological and chemical reactions regulating manganese speciation in aquatic systems, it has been demonstrated that manganese speciation is probably controlled by the competition of two antagonist reactions: the photoreduction of manganese oxides (in broad sense and represented thereafter by MnOx) and the biotic oxidation of Mn(II). Depending on the season, the biological activity in the river and the amount of luminosity reaching the MnOx, either the production of reduced labile Mn(II) or the precipitation of MnOx can become the dominant process. Other punctual events such as the drop of oxygen concentration due to large inputs of biodegradable organic matter and eutrophication phenomena, rainy events and high luminosity periods can also affect the behaviour of dissolved Mn(II) in the Marque River and so, of other contaminants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Jean Superville
- LASIR CNRS UMR 8516, Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France.
| | - Anastasia Ivanovsky
- LASIR CNRS UMR 8516, Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
| | - Pratima Bhurtun
- LASIR CNRS UMR 8516, Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
| | - Jean Prygiel
- LASIR CNRS UMR 8516, Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France; Agence de l'Eau Artois-Picardie, 200 rue Marceline, 59500 Douai, France
| | - Gabriel Billon
- LASIR CNRS UMR 8516, Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Du P, Du R, Ren W, Lu Z, Fu P. Seasonal variation characteristic of inhalable microbial communities in PM 2.5 in Beijing city, China. Sci Total Environ 2018; 610-611:308-315. [PMID: 28806548 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria and fungi are primary constituents of airborne microbes in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and significantly impact human health. However, hitherto, seasonal variation and effect of air pollution on microbial community composition and structure are poorly understood. This study analyzed the bacterial and fungal composition of PM2.5 under different air pollution levels during different seasons in Beijing. We altogether collected 75PM2.5 samples during four seasons from April 2014 to January 2015, under different air pollution levels and employed high-throughput sequencing methods to analyze microbial composition. The results showed that air pollution decreased species richness and community diversity of bacteria in PM2.5. The variation in bacterial and fungal community composition and structure was significantly related to the season but there was no correlation between their abundance and pollution levels. Pathogenic bacteria and fungi were more abundant in winter than other seasons. To best of our knowledge, this is the first study that demonstrates seasonal variation characteristics of bacteria and fungi in PM2.5 in heavy haze contaminated areas and highlights the effects of air pollution on the atmospheric microbial community. This study would be useful to other bioaerosol studies focusing on the role of the atmospheric particulate matter on human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengrui Du
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Du
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weishan Ren
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Zedong Lu
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingqing Fu
- State Key of Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Jia Y, Ehlert L, Wahlskog C, Lundberg A, Maurice C. Water quality of stormwater generated from an airport in a cold climate, function of an infiltration pond, and sampling strategy with limited resources. Environ Monit Assess 2017; 190:4. [PMID: 29209818 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-017-6375-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring pollutants in stormwater discharge in cold climates is challenging. An environmental survey was performed by sampling the stormwater from Luleå Airport, Northern Sweden, during the period 2010-2013, when urea was used as a main component of aircraft deicing/anti-icing fluids (ADAFs). The stormwater collected from the runway was led through an oil trap to an infiltration pond to store excess water during precipitation periods and enhance infiltration and water treatment. Due to insufficient capacity, an emergency spillway was established and equipped with a flow meter and an automatic sampler. This study proposes a program for effective monitoring of pollutant discharge with a minimum number of sampling occasions when use of automatic samplers is not possible. The results showed that 90% of nitrogen discharge occurs during late autumn before the water pipes freeze and during snow melting, regardless of the precipitation during the remaining months when the pollutant discharge was negligible. The concentrations of other constituents in the discharge were generally low compared to guideline values. The best data quality was obtained using flow controlled sampling. Intensive time-controlled sampling during late autumn (few weeks) and snow melting (2 weeks) would be sufficient for necessary information. The flow meters installed at the rectangular notch appeared to be difficult to calibrate and gave contradictory results. Overall, the spillway was dry, as water infiltrated into the pond, and stagnant water close to the edge might be registered as flow. Water level monitoring revealed that the infiltration capacity gradually decreased with time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jia
- Division of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87, Luleå, Sweden.
- Department of Environment and Minerals Resources, Greenland Institute of Nature Resources, 3900, Nuuk, Greenland.
| | - Ludwig Ehlert
- Ramböll Sverige AB, Box 850, Kyrkogatan 2, 97126, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Wahlskog
- Division of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Angela Lundberg
- Division of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Christian Maurice
- Division of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87, Luleå, Sweden
- Ramböll Sverige AB, Box 850, Kyrkogatan 2, 97126, Luleå, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Konrath L, Beckius D, Tran US. Season of birth and population schizotypy: Results from a large sample of the adult general population. Psychiatry Res 2016; 242:245-50. [PMID: 27310922 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Although the last years have seen an increasing interest in schizotypy and its pathogenesis, there exist only a handful of studies examining the possible interaction between season of birth (SOB) and schizotypic personality structure. Available research used differing screening instruments, rendering comparisons between studies difficult, and sample sizes in adult populations may have been too small to detect a mild effect. The current study examined the association between SOB and psychometric schizotypy in the so far single-largest sample from the adult general population (N=8114), balanced for men and women, and utilizing a valid and reliable instrument for the assessment of schizotypy. Using the 12 most informative items of the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire Brief, we obtained evidence of a small, but significant, effect of late winter and early spring births (February/March) on psychometric schizotypy. The effect was not constrained to women, but affected men and women alike. The observed association between SOB and schizotypy appears compatible with seasonal variations of temperature and influenza prevalence, and with recent evidence on seasonal variability in the activity of the human immune system. Our findings lend support to the continuum hypothesis of schizotypy and schizophrenia, for which SOB effects have been previously established.
Collapse
|
25
|
Ginis T, Bostanci I, Ozmen S, Misirlioglu ED, Dogru M, Duman H. Subjective and objective assessments of seasonal effect in children with seasonal allergic rhinitis. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 79:405-10. [PMID: 25604260 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2014.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological and clinical studies suggest a relationship between rhinitis and asthma. Upper and lower airways may be influenced by a common inflammatory process. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the relationships between rhinitis symptom scores, and both nasal and bronchial airflow among children with seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) by means of spirometric and rhinomanometric measurement during and outside the pollen season. METHODS Twenty-nine children with both seasonal allergic rhinitis and asthma (AR+A), 30 children with SAR and no asthma (AR) and 36 non-allergic healthy children were evaluated prospectively during and outside the pollen season. Symptom severity was evaluated using both total symptom score and visual analog score (VAS). All participants also received rhinomanometric evaluation and pulmonary function testing. RESULTS In children with SAR the median total nasal flow, FEV1, FEF25-75 values were lower than control group during pollen season (p=0.01, p<0.001 and p<0.001 respectively). They had also higher total nasal resistance compared with control groups (p=0.01). Nasal symptom scores were higher among patients with concurrent asthma than patients who had only SAR out of pollen season (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between SAR participants with or without asthma and control group in terms of total nasal flow and total nasal resistance measured out of season (p=0.105 and p=0.19). FEF25-75 values of patients with and without asthma were significantly lower than those of controls out of season (p=0.022, p<0.001 respectively). CONCLUSION Our data suggests that as the presence of AR worsens asthma control, the presence of asthma may worsen symptoms of AR out of pollen season. We found that total nasal flow, FEV1, FEF25-75 values of patients with SAR were lower than those of controls out of season. FEF25-75 values of patients with asthma and without asthma were significantly lower than those of controls out of season. Thus, a careful evaluation of lower airways should be performed in even patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tayfur Ginis
- Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Ilknur Bostanci
- Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serap Ozmen
- Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emine Dibek Misirlioglu
- Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Dogru
- Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Handan Duman
- Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Superville PJ, Prygiel E, Mikkelsen O, Billon G. Dynamic behaviour of trace metals in the Deûle River impacted by recurrent polluted sediment resuspensions: from diel to seasonal evolutions. Sci Total Environ 2015; 506-507:585-593. [PMID: 25433380 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
An automatic trace metal monitoring station (ATMS) have been implemented in the river bank of the Deûle canal in the city of Auby (northern France), in the vicinity of metallurgical industries that have heavily polluted sediments, in Cd, Pb and Zn. Additionally, the fluvial traffic in this river is intense and surface sediments are resuspended several times per day. This paper is the following part of that published recently (Superville et al., 2014) in this journal. The main purpose of this paper is to present new information on diel and seasonal variations of trace metals in the Deûle River and highlight the potential role of sediments in the contamination of the water column. To this end, Cd, Zn and Pb were monitored at a high frequency (~1h(-1)) by voltammetry, distinguishing an electrolabile and an acid-leachable fraction. Our measurements revealed that (i) acid-leachable Cd is mainly bound to light particles such as clays and carbonates and its daily behaviour does not really depend on the intensity of sediment remobilisation process; (ii) acid-leachable Pb and Zn exhibit some seasonal variations which are explained here, suggesting they should at least partly depend on the ageing of hydrous ferric oxides in the sediments; (iii) in spring, the electrolability of Zn increases in agreement with the biological activity that may break some strong association between Zn and ligands and/or particles (e.g., organic matter, hydrous ferric oxides, etc.). This trend is observed for electrolabile Pb later in summer, but on a smaller scale since this metal is generally more strongly scavenged and less labile than Zn; and (iv) electrolabile Mn concentrations increase during the day due to desorption process of resuspended sediment particles in the water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Jean Superville
- Laboratory Géosystèmes, UMR 8217 CNRS, Université Lille 1, Cité Scientifique, Villeneuve d'Ascq 59655, France
| | - Emilie Prygiel
- Laboratory Géosystèmes, UMR 8217 CNRS, Université Lille 1, Cité Scientifique, Villeneuve d'Ascq 59655, France
| | - Oyvind Mikkelsen
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Gabriel Billon
- Laboratory Géosystèmes, UMR 8217 CNRS, Université Lille 1, Cité Scientifique, Villeneuve d'Ascq 59655, France.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lourino-Cabana B, Billon G, Lesven L, Sabbe K, Gillan DC, Gao Y, Leermakers M, Baeyens W. Monthly variation of trace metals in North Sea sediments. From experimental data to modeling calculations. Mar Pollut Bull 2014; 87:237-246. [PMID: 25110050 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 07/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Seasonal variation in trace metal contamination in surface sediments was studied through high resolution profiles assessed monthly by DGT probes in muddy sediments of the North Sea. General parameters such as pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen and sulfides were also recorded to estimate their role in the speciation of trace metals. Experimental data were included in a thermodynamic equilibrium model to calculate major (geo)chemical processes at the water-sediment interface and to predict the fate of the trace metals in case of (physico-)chemical changes. Results showed lowest Fe, Co, Ni and Cd concentrations in summer, which are most probably due to the very high sulfide concentrations according to our theoretical calculations. Cu and Pb behavior were found to be less influenced by sulfides, since they are also strongly associated to organic matter. The whole set of results clearly indicated that metal speciation in these sediments is controlled by sulfides and OM contents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Lourino-Cabana
- Université Lille 1, UMR-CNRS 8217, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France; Université Libre de Bruxelles, Marine Biology Laboratory, Brussels, Belgium
| | - G Billon
- Université Lille 1, UMR-CNRS 8217, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
| | - L Lesven
- Université Lille 1, UMR-CNRS 8217, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - K Sabbe
- Gent University, Protistology & Aquatic Ecology Laboratory, Ghent, Belgium
| | - D-C Gillan
- Mons University, Proteomics and Microbiology Laboratory, Mons, Belgium
| | - Y Gao
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dep. of Anal. and Env. Chemistry (ANCH), Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Leermakers
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dep. of Anal. and Env. Chemistry (ANCH), Brussels, Belgium
| | - W Baeyens
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dep. of Anal. and Env. Chemistry (ANCH), Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|