1
|
Somia ES, Ullah I, Alyahya HS, Mahyoub JA. Identification of Wolbachia new strains from Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, the vector of dengue fever in Jeddah Province. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:287. [PMID: 37803282 PMCID: PMC10557223 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03010-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Wolbachia are endosymbiotic bacteria found within many arthropods, including insects. A variety of benefits are provided by these bacteria to human and insect hosts, including protection from viruses and parasites and the ability to kill males. In this study, Wolbachia was identified in Aedes aegypti present in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A population of mosquitoes was collected from eight different areas, processed, and tested for Wolbachia using 16 S rRNA specific to Wolbachia bacteria and Wolbachia surface protein (wsp) under optimized PCR conditions. In five ecologically diverse sites to determine Wolbachia prevalence, we identified eleven diverse novel resident Wolbachia strains within Ae. Aegypti for the first time in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Future studies to evaluate the possible use of Wolbachia as a control agent in Aedes sp. in Saudi Arabia are necessary. Wolbachia prevalence rates and strain characterization through Sanger sequencing with multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and phylogenetic analysis revealed significant diversity. In developing biocontrol strategies, it is beneficial to consider the implications of resident Wolbachia strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Sharawi Somia
- Department of Biology Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ihsan Ullah
- Department of Biology Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan S Alyahya
- Department of Biology Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jazem A Mahyoub
- Department of Biology Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
- IBB University, Ibb, Republic of Yemen.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li Y, Sun Y, Zou J, Zhong D, Liu R, Zhu C, Li W, Zhou Y, Cui L, Zhou G, Lu G, Li T. Characterizing the Wolbachia infection in field-collected Culicidae mosquitoes from Hainan Province, China. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:128. [PMID: 37060070 PMCID: PMC10103416 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05719-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mosquitoes are vectors of many pathogens, such as malaria, dengue virus, yellow fever virus, filaria and Japanese encephalitis virus. Wolbachia are capable of inducing a wide range of reproductive abnormalities in their hosts, such as cytoplasmic incompatibility. Wolbachia has been proposed as a tool to modify mosquitoes that are resistant to pathogen infection as an alternative vector control strategy. This study aimed to determine natural Wolbachia infections in different mosquito species across Hainan Province, China. METHODS Adult mosquitoes were collected using light traps, human landing catches and aspirators in five areas in Hainan Province from May 2020 to November 2021. Species were identified based on morphological characteristics, species-specific PCR and DNA barcoding of cox1 assays. Molecular classification of species and phylogenetic analyses of Wolbachia infections were conducted based on the sequences from PCR products of cox1, wsp, 16S rRNA and FtsZ gene segments. RESULTS A total of 413 female adult mosquitoes representing 15 species were identified molecularly and analyzed. Four mosquito species (Aedes albopictus, Culex quinquefasciatus, Armigeres subalbatus and Culex gelidus) were positive for Wolbachia infection. The overall Wolbachia infection rate for all mosquitoes tested in this study was 36.1% but varied among species. Wolbachia types A, B and mixed infections of A × B were detected in Ae. albopictus mosquitoes. A total of five wsp haplotypes, six FtsZ haplotypes and six 16S rRNA haplotypes were detected from Wolbachia infections. Phylogenetic tree analysis of wsp sequences classified them into three groups (type A, B and C) of Wolbachia strains compared to two groups each for FtsZ and 16S rRNA sequences. A novel type C Wolbachia strain was detected in Cx. gelidus by both single locus wsp gene and the combination of three genes. CONCLUSION Our study revealed the prevalence and distribution of Wolbachia in mosquitoes from Hainan Province, China. Knowledge of the prevalence and diversity of Wolbachia strains in local mosquito populations will provide part of the baseline information required for current and future Wolbachia-based vector control approaches to be conducted in Hainan Province.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiji Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
- Tropical Diseases Research Center, Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
- Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Yingbo Sun
- Tropical Diseases Research Center, Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Jiaquan Zou
- Tropical Diseases Research Center, Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Daibin Zhong
- Program in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanlong Zhu
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenting Li
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhe Zhou
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, China
| | - Liwang Cui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Guofa Zhou
- Program in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA.
| | - Gang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
- Tropical Diseases Research Center, Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
- Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311, People's Republic of China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, China.
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311, China.
- Academician Workstation of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tingting Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
- Tropical Diseases Research Center, Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
- Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
O'Neal L, Baraquet C, Suo Z, Dreifus JE, Peng Y, Raivio TL, Wozniak DJ, Harwood CS, Parsek MR. The Wsp system of Pseudomonas aeruginosa links surface sensing and cell envelope stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2117633119. [PMID: 35476526 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2117633119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
SignificanceBacteria must respond quickly to environmental changes to survive. One way bacteria can respond to environmental stress is by undergoing a lifestyle transition from individual, free-swimming cells to a surface-associated community called a biofilm characterized by aggregative growth. The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa uses the Wsp chemosensory system to sense an unknown surface-associated cue. Here we show that the Wsp system senses cell envelope stress, specifically conditions that promote unfolded or misregulated periplasmic and inner membrane proteins. This work provides direct evidence that cell envelope stress is an important feature of surface sensing in P. aeruginosa.
Collapse
|
4
|
Sass A, Vandenbussche I, Bellich B, Cescutti P, Coenye T. Pellicle Biofilm Formation in Burkholderia cenocepacia J2315 is Epigenetically Regulated through WspH, a Hybrid Two-Component System Kinase-Response Regulator. J Bacteriol 2022;:e0001722. [PMID: 35416687 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00017-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemosensory signal transduction system Wsp regulates biofilm formation and related phenotypes by influencing cyclic-di-GMP (c-di-GMP) levels in bacterial cells. This is typically achieved by activation of the diguanylate cyclase WspR, through phosphorylation of its phosphoreceiver domain. The Wsp system of Burkholderia cenocepacia J2315 is in one operon with the hybrid response regulator/histidine kinase wspH, but lacks the diguanylate cyclase wspR which is located in a different operon. The expression of wspH, the first gene in the B. cenocepacia Wsp operon as well as pellicle biofilm formation are epigenetically regulated in B. cenocepacia J2315. To investigate whether WspH regulates pellicle biofilm formation, several mutants with altered expression of wspH were constructed. Mutants with increased expression of wspH showed accelerated pellicle biofilm formation, reduced swimming motility and increased c-di-GMP levels. This was independent of WspR phosphorylation, showing that WspR is not the cognate response receiver for histidine kinase WspH. IMPORTANCE Biofilms are surface-attached or suspended aggregates of cells, that are problematic in the context of bacterial infections, as they provide protection from antibiotic treatment. Burkholderia cenocepacia can colonize the lung of immunocompromised patients and forms biofilms that increase its recalcitrance to antibiotic treatment. Pellicles are biofilms which form at an air-liquid interface to take advantage of the higher oxygen concentrations in this environment. How quickly pellicles are formed is crucial for the fitness of obligate aerobic bacteria such as B. cenocepacia. Cyclic-di-GMP (c-di-GMP) levels determine the transition between planktonic and biofilm lifestyle, and WspH controls c-di-GMP production. WspH is therefore important for the fitness of B. cenocepacia in environments with gradients in oxygen concentration, such as the human lung.
Collapse
|
5
|
Lozano-Sardaneta YN, Jacobo-Olvera E, Ruiz-Tovar K, Sánchez-Montes S, Rodríguez-Rojas JJ, Fernández-Figueroa EA, Roldán-Fernández SG, Rodriguez-Martinez LM, Dzul-Manzanilla F, Correa-Morales F, Treviño-Garza N, Díaz-Albíter HM, Zwetsch A, Valadas SYOB, Nilce-Silveira A, Becker I, Huerta H. Detection of Wolbachia and Leishmania DNA in sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) from a focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Tabasco, Mexico. Parasitol Res 2022; 121:513-520. [PMID: 35067743 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-021-07412-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Phlebotomine sand flies are the main vectors of Leishmania genus species worldwide; therefore, the detection of some reproductive parasites, such as Wolbachia, has been considered a possible strategy for biological control. In Mexico, leishmaniasis cases have been recorded in 25 states, yet only two sand fly species have been related to Wolbachia spp. Although the state of Tabasco has a high number of leishmaniasis cases, only few studies have been done on sand fly species. The aim of this study was to analyze the diversity of sand fly species and to detect Wolbachia spp. and/or Leishmania spp. in the captured specimens. Sand flies were collected at the locality of Huimango, Tabasco, Mexico, during October 2019, using nine light traps (CDC) and two Shannon traps per night. The specimens were identified and females were analyzed by PCR for the DNA detection for pathogens. A total of 193 sand fly specimens belonging to five species were morphologically identified. Pintomyia ovallesi was the most abundant species (76.84%), followed by Micropygomyia cayennensis (6.40%). Furthermore, first records of four sand fly species were established for the state of Tabasco, thereby increasing the species richness in the state from four to eight. We observed a natural infection rate of 9.7% (10/103) for Leishmania and 0.91% (1/103) for Wolbachia. The importance of conducting entomological surveys in endemic areas of leishmaniasis in Mexico is highlighted, to determine whether other sand fly species may be potential vectors of Leishmania spp., and if some Wolbachia strains could be relevant for the control of leishmaniasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yokomi N Lozano-Sardaneta
- Centro de Medicina Tropical, Facultad de Medicina, Unidad de Medicina Experimental, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 06720, México
| | - Erika Jacobo-Olvera
- Laboratorio de Entomología, Instituto de Diagnóstico Y Referencia Epidemiológicos 'Dr, Manuel Martínez Báez', Francisco de P. Miranda No. 177, Unidad Lomas de Plateros, 01480, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Karina Ruiz-Tovar
- Laboratorio de Entomología, Instituto de Diagnóstico Y Referencia Epidemiológicos 'Dr, Manuel Martínez Báez', Francisco de P. Miranda No. 177, Unidad Lomas de Plateros, 01480, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Sokani Sánchez-Montes
- Centro de Medicina Tropical, Facultad de Medicina, Unidad de Medicina Experimental, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 06720, México
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas Y Agropecuarias, Región Tuxpan, Universidad Veracruzana, Carretera Tuxpan Tampico Kilómetro 7. 5, Universitaria, 92870, Tuxpan de Rodríguez Cano, Veracruz, México
| | - Jorge J Rodríguez-Rojas
- Centro de Investigación Y Desarrollo en Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Unidad de Patógenos Y Vectores, Dr. Carlos Canseco S/N Esquina Dr. J. E. González, Col. Mitras Centro, C.P. 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Edith A Fernández-Figueroa
- Centro de Medicina Tropical, Facultad de Medicina, Unidad de Medicina Experimental, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 06720, México
- Computational and Integrative Genomics, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Luis Miguel Rodriguez-Martinez
- Unidad de Investigación Entomológica Y de Bioensayo del Estado de Tabasco, Melchor Ocampo 113, Col Atasta de serra, C.P.86100, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
| | - Felipe Dzul-Manzanilla
- Programa de Enfermedades Transmitidas Por Vectores, Centro Nacional de Programas Preventivos Y Control de Enfermedades, Benjamín Franklin 132, 11800, Escandón, Mexico City, México
| | - Fabian Correa-Morales
- Programa de Enfermedades Transmitidas Por Vectores, Centro Nacional de Programas Preventivos Y Control de Enfermedades, Benjamín Franklin 132, 11800, Escandón, Mexico City, México
| | - Nancy Treviño-Garza
- Programa de Enfermedades Transmitidas Por Vectores, Centro Nacional de Programas Preventivos Y Control de Enfermedades, Benjamín Franklin 132, 11800, Escandón, Mexico City, México
| | - Héctor Manuel Díaz-Albíter
- El Colegio de La Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Unidad Villahermosa, Carretera Villahermosa a Reforma Km. 15.5 s/n, Ranchería Guineo 2da. Sección, 86280, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Adriana Zwetsch
- Laboratorio de Transmissores de Leishmanioses, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundaçăo Oswaldo Cruz. Avenue Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-360, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Nilce-Silveira
- Asesora Regional Para Leishmaniasis OPS/OMS, Av. Gov. Leonel de Moura Brizola, Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, 7778, Brazil
| | - Ingeborg Becker
- Centro de Medicina Tropical, Facultad de Medicina, Unidad de Medicina Experimental, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 06720, México
| | - Herón Huerta
- Laboratorio de Entomología, Instituto de Diagnóstico Y Referencia Epidemiológicos 'Dr, Manuel Martínez Báez', Francisco de P. Miranda No. 177, Unidad Lomas de Plateros, 01480, Ciudad de México, México.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Conte CA, Segura DF, Milla FH, Augustinos A, Cladera JL, Bourtzis K, Lanzavecchia SB. Wolbachia infection in Argentinean populations of Anastrepha fraterculus sp1: preliminary evidence of sex ratio distortion by one of two strains. BMC Microbiol 2019; 19:289. [PMID: 31870290 PMCID: PMC6929328 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-019-1652-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Wolbachia, one of the most abundant taxa of intracellular Alphaproteobacteria, is widespread among arthropods and filarial nematodes. The presence of these maternally inherited bacteria is associated with modifications of host fitness, including a variety of reproductive abnormalities, such as cytoplasmic incompatibility, thelytokous parthenogenesis, host feminization and male-killing. Wolbachia has attracted much interest for its role in biological, ecological and evolutionary processes as well as for its potential use in novel and environmentally-friendly strategies for the control of insect pests and disease vectors including a major agricultural pest, the South American fruit fly, Anastrepha fraterculus Wiedemann (Diptera: Tephritidae). Results We used wsp, 16S rRNA and a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme including gatB, coxA, hcpA, fbpA, and ftsZ genes to detect and characterize the Wolbachia infection in laboratory strains and wild populations of A. fraterculus from Argentina. Wolbachia was found in all A. fraterculus individuals studied. Nucleotide sequences analysis of wsp gene allowed the identification of two Wolbachia nucleotide variants (named wAfraCast1_A and wAfraCast2_A). After the analysis of 76 individuals, a high prevalence of the wAfraCast2_A variant was found both, in laboratory (82%) and wild populations (95%). MLST analysis identified both Wolbachia genetic variants as sequence type 13. Phylogenetic analysis of concatenated MLST datasets clustered wAfraCast1/2_A in the supergroup A. Paired-crossing experiments among single infected laboratory strains showed a phenotype specifically associated to wAfraCast1_A that includes slight detrimental effects on larval survival, a female-biased sex ratio; suggesting the induction of male-killing phenomena, and a decreased proportion of females producing descendants that appears attributable to the lack of sperm in their spermathecae. Conclusions We detected and characterized at the molecular level two wsp gene sequence variants of Wolbachia both in laboratory and wild populations of A. fraterculus sp.1 from Argentina. Crossing experiments on singly-infected A. fraterculus strains showed evidence of a male killing-like mechanism potentially associated to the wAfraCast1_A - A. fraterculus interactions. Further mating experiments including antibiotic treatments and the analysis of early and late immature stages of descendants will contribute to our understanding of the phenotypes elicited by the Wolbachia variant wAfraCast1_A in A. fraterculus sp.1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Alejandra Conte
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, IGEAF, Instituto nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) gv IABIMO-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego Fernando Segura
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, IGEAF, Instituto nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) gv IABIMO-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, (CONICET), Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva (MINCyT), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fabian Horacio Milla
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, IGEAF, Instituto nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) gv IABIMO-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Antonios Augustinos
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jorge Luis Cladera
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, IGEAF, Instituto nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) gv IABIMO-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Silvia Beatriz Lanzavecchia
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, IGEAF, Instituto nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) gv IABIMO-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gloag ES, Marshall CW, Snyder D, Lewin GR, Harris JS, Santos-Lopez A, Chaney SB, Whiteley M, Cooper VS, Wozniak DJ. Pseudomonas aeruginosa Interstrain Dynamics and Selection of Hyperbiofilm Mutants during a Chronic Infection. mBio 2019; 10:e01698-19. [PMID: 31409682 PMCID: PMC6692513 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01698-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Opportunistic pathogens establishing new infections experience strong selection to adapt, often favoring mutants that persist. Capturing this initial dynamic is critical for identifying the first adaptations that drive pathogenesis. Here we used a porcine full-thickness burn wound model of chronic infection to study the evolutionary dynamics of diverse Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. Wounds were infected with a mixed community of six P. aeruginosa strains, including the model PA14 strain (PA14-1), and biopsies taken at 3, 14, and 28 days postinfection. Hyperbiofilm-forming rugose small-colony variants (RSCVs) were the earliest and predominant phenotypic variant. These variants were detected on day 3 and persisted, with the majority evolved from PA14-1. Whole-genome sequencing of PA14-1 RSCV isolates revealed driver mutations exclusively in the wsp pathway, conferring hyperbiofilm phenotypes. Several of the wsp mutant RSCVs also acquired CRISPR-Cas adaptive immunity to prophages isolated from the P. aeruginosa wound isolate (B23-2) that was also present in the inoculum. These observations emphasize the importance of interstrain dynamics and the role of lysogenic phages in the survival of an invading pathogen. Rather than being a side effect of chronicity, the rapid rise of RSCVs in wounds is evidence of positive selection on the Wsp chemosensory system to produce mutants with elevated biofilm formation capacity. We predict that RSCVs provide a level of phenotypic diversity to the infecting bacterial community and are common, early adaptations during infections. This would likely have significant consequences for clinical outcomes.IMPORTANCE Bacteria adapt to infections by evolving variants that are more fit and persistent. These recalcitrant variants are typically observed in chronic infections. However, it is unclear when and why these variants evolve. To address these questions, we used a porcine chronic wound model to study the evolutionary dynamics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a mixed-strain infection. We isolated hyperbiofilm variants that persisted early in the infection. Interstrain interactions were also observed, where adapted variants acquired CRISPR-mediated immunity to phages. We show that when initiating infection, P. aeruginosa experiences strong positive selection for hyperbiofilm phenotypes produced by mutants of a single chemosensory system, the Wsp pathway. We predict that hyperbiofilm variants are early adaptations to infection and that interstrain interactions may influence bacterial burden and infection outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erin S Gloag
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Christopher W Marshall
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Evolutionary Biology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Daniel Snyder
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Evolutionary Biology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gina R Lewin
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Emory-Children's Cystic Fibrosis Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jacob S Harris
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Alfonso Santos-Lopez
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Evolutionary Biology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sarah B Chaney
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Marvin Whiteley
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Emory-Children's Cystic Fibrosis Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Vaughn S Cooper
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Evolutionary Biology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Daniel J Wozniak
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shaikevich E, Bogacheva A, Rakova V, Ganushkina L, Ilinsky Y. Wolbachia symbionts in mosquitoes: Intra- and intersupergroup recombinations, horizontal transmission and evolution. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2019; 134:24-34. [PMID: 30708172 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2019.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Many mosquitoes harbour Wolbachia symbionts that could affect the biology of their host in different ways. Evolutionary relationships of mosquitoes' Wolbachia infection, geographical distribution and symbiont prevalence in many mosquito species are not yet clear. Here, we present the results of Wolbachia screening of 17 mosquito species of four genera-Aedes, Anopheles, Coquillettidia and Culex collected from five regions of Eastern Europe and the Caucasus in 2012-2016. Based on multilocus sequence typing (MLST) data previously published and generated in this study, we try to reveal genetic links between mosquitoes' and other hosts' Wolbachia. The Wolbachia symbionts are found in Culex pipiens, Aedes albopictus and Coquillettidia richiardii and for the first time in Aedes cinereus and Aedes cantans, which are important vectors of human pathogens. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated multiple origins of infection in mosquitoes although the one-allele-criterion approach revealed links among B-supergroup mosquito Wolbachia with allele content of lepidopteran hosts. The MLST gene content of strain wAlbA from the A-supergroup is linked with different ant species. Several cases of intersupergroup recombinations were found. One of them occurred in the wAlbaB strain of Aedes albopictus, which contains the coxA allele of the A-supergroup, whereas other loci, including wsp, belong to supergroup B. Other cases are revealed for non-mosquito symbionts and they exemplified genetic exchanges of A, B and F supergroups. We conclude that modern Wolbachia diversity in mosquitoes and in many other insect taxa is a recent product of strain recombination and symbiont transfers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Shaikevich
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | | | - Vera Rakova
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119435, Russia.
| | - Ludmila Ganushkina
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119435, Russia.
| | - Yury Ilinsky
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236041, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nugapola NWNP, De Silva WAPP, Karunaratne SHPP. Distribution and phylogeny of Wolbachia strains in wild mosquito populations in Sri Lanka. Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:230. [PMID: 28490339 PMCID: PMC5424329 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2174-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Wolbachia are a group of maternally inherited intracellular bacteria known to be widespread among arthropods. Infections with Wolbachia cause declines of host populations, and also induce host resistance to a wide range of pathogens. Over the past few decades, researchers were curious to use Wolbachia as a biological tool to control mosquito vectors. During the present study, assessment of the prevalence of Wolbachia infections among wild mosquito populations in Sri Lanka where mosquito-borne diseases are a major health concern, was carried out for the first time. DNA was extracted from the abdomens of mosquitoes, collected from seven provinces, and screened for the presence of Wolbachia by PCR using wsp and groE primers. Group-specific and strain-specific primers were used to classify Wolbachia into the supergroups A and B, and into the strains Mel, AlbA and Pip. Results A total of 330 individual mosquitoes belonging to 22 species and 7 genera were screened. Eighty-seven mosquitoes (26.36%) belonging to four species (i.e. Aedes albopictus, Culex quinquefasciatus, Armigeres subalbatus and Mansonia uniformis) were positive for Wolbachia infections. Primary vector of the dengue fever, Ae. aegypti was negative for Wolbachia infections while the secondary vector, Ae. albopictus, showed a very high infection rate. The filarial vector C. quinquefasciatus had a relatively high rate of infection. Japanese encephalitis vectors C. gelidus and C. triteaneorynchus, and the Anopheles vectors of malaria were negative for Wolbachia infections. Nine sequences of Wolbachia-positive PCR products were deposited in the GenBank and compared with other available data. Aedes albopictus was infected with both Wolbachia strains A (AlbA) and B (Pip) supergroups. Phylogenetic analysis of the wsp sequences showed two major branches confirming identities obtained from the PCR screening with strain-specific primers. Conclusion Wolbachia infections were found only among four mosquito species in Sri Lanka: Aedes albopictus, Culex quinquefasciatus, Armigeres subalbatus and Mansonia uniformis. Sequence data showed high haplotype diversity among the Wolbachia strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N W Nalaka P Nugapola
- Department of Zoology, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka.,Postgraduate Institute of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka
| | | | - S H P Parakrama Karunaratne
- Department of Zoology, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka. .,National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Hantana Road, Kandy, 20000, Sri Lanka.
| |
Collapse
|