Correlation between negative life events and suicide attempts among Yi adolescents with HIV/AIDS in Liangshan Prefecture

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the incidence of suicide attempts among adolescents with HIV/AIDS in Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan Province, as well as the correlation between negative life events, sleep, exercise, drug therapy and suicide attempts.

METHODS

A total of 180 Yi adolescents aged 11-19 years with HIV/AIDS in a county of Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan Province, China, were investigated by census. The main outcome indicators included the incidence of suicide attempts and whether negative life events, sleep, exercise, drug therapy and other factors were related to suicide attempts.

RESULTS

We found that the incidence rate of suicide attempts among Yi adolescents with HIV/AIDS in Liangshan Prefecture was 13.9%. Negative life events were a risk factor for suicide attempts (OR = 1.047, p < 0.001, 95% CI 1.027-1.067). In the factors of negative life events, adaptation was a risk factor for suicide attempts (OR = 1.203, p = 0.026, 95% CI 1.022-1.416), and academic pressure showed a tendency to be a risk factor for suicide attempts (OR = 1.149, p = 0.077, 95% CI 0.985-1.339). However, the punishment factor, interpersonal stress factor and loss factor had no significant correlation with suicide attempts. There was no significant correlation between sleep, exercise, drug therapy and suicide attempts.

CONCLUSION

The proportion of suicide attempts among Yi adolescents with HIV/AIDS in Liangshan Prefecture is high and should be considered. Negative life events are independent risk factors for suicide attempts, and it is necessary to strengthen the screening and early intervention for suicide attempts in HIV/AIDS adolescents with definite negative life events.

[Data analysis on HIV/AIDS sentinel surveillance programs targeting community population in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, 2010-2015]

Objective: To investigate the epidemiologic and behavioral characteristics of HIV among community population in Liangshan prefecture. Methods: We collected social demographic, behavioral and serological information by means of the monitoring questionnaire and serological tests. Data was analyzed by using the chi-square test and logistic regression. Results: From April to June of 2010 to 2015, 14 092 cases of community population were selected as the study objects, with 267 cases diagnosed as HIV positive patients. The HIV positive rates were 3.24%, 3.07%, 1.17%, 1.38%,1.42% and 1.25%, respectively. We observed that when community population having the following characteristics as: living in Butuo country (OR=3.83), being males (OR=1.77), being Yi nationality (OR=4.40) being widowed (OR=28.57), with history of drug abuse (OR=3.71) or injecting drug use (PWID) (OR=4.92), or history of needle sharing among PWID (OR=8.53), were under higher risks for HIV infection. With histories as: having had secondary or above levels of schooling (OR=0.59), having protected sex with regular partners (OR=0.21) and with non-regular partners (OR=0.46), they seemed to be somehow protected for getting HIV infection. Conclusion: The positive HIV rates of HIV among community population in Dechang, Ningnan and Butuo varied from 0.10% to 8.77% while the HIV transmission among general population remained challenging.

[Investigation on prevalence and risk factors of HIV/AIDS and Schistosoma japonicum, Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura infections in a rural community of southwestern China]

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of helminthic infections including Schistosoma japonicum, Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and find out the association among them in a rural community of southwestern China.

METHODS

A community-based cross sectional study was conducted. One town was selected randomly; the infections of S.japonicum, A.lumbricoides and T.trichiura were detected with the modified Kato-Katz thick smear method and HIV infection with the diagnostic Test Kit among all residents. A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the related risk factors.

RESULTS

Among the participants, the infection rates of HIV, S.japonicum, A.lumbricoides and T.trichiura were 2.33%, 2.05%, 13.47% and 30.59% respectively; 7.08% (31/438) were infected with both A.lumbricoides and T.trichiura; 0.23% (1/438) were co-infected with HIV and A.lumbricoides, and the same with HIV and T.trichiura. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that sex (male, OR=3.26, 95% CI：0.97, 10.95) and drug abuse (OR=72.86, 95% CI：18.51, 286.76) were significantly associated with HIV infection. Home toilet was negatively related to A.lumbricoides infection (OR=0.52, 95% CI：0.27, 0.98) and T.trichiura infection (OR=0.48, 95% CI：0.28, 0.80). Compared with the people in Villages Four, the people living in Village One were at a higher risk for A.lumbricoides infection (OR=3.14, 95% CI：1.35, 7.27), and compared with the people living in Village Four, the people living in Village Two and Village Three were more likely to be infected with T.trichiura (OR=3.73, 95% CI：1.92, 7.26; OR=4.53, 95% CI：2.12, 9.68). The people aged between 11 and 20 years had a higher T.trichiura infection risk than the people aged more than 50 years (OR = 3.72, 95% CI：1.59, 8.67). There was a significant association between A.lumbricoides and T.trichiura infections (OR = 3.11, 95% CI：1.63, 5.93). There was no association between S.japonicum infection and related factors above mentioned.

CONCLUSIONS

The infection rates of HIV, S.japonicum, A.lumbricoides and especially T.trichiura were rather high in this area, and therefore, the prevention and treatment of these diseases should be strengthened. Further studies on the relationship between HIV and the infections of helminths, especially S.japonicum are needed.