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Li Q, Wu J, Guo Q, Qin L, Xue L, Geng Y, Li X, Zhang ZG, Yan Q, Zhou E. Effect of Number and Position of Chlorine Atoms on the Photovoltaic Performance of Asymmetric Nonfullerene Acceptors. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:3755-3763. [PMID: 38190611 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
It has been well proved that the introduction of halogen can effectively modify the optoelectronic properties of classic symmetric nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs). However, the relevant studies for asymmetric NFAs are limited, especially the effect of halogen substitution number and position on the photovoltaic performance is not clear. In this work, four asymmetric NFAs with A-D-A1-A2 structure are developed by tuning the number and position of chlorine atoms on the 1,1-dicyanomethylene-3-indanone end groups, namely, A303, A304, A305, and A306. The related NFAs show progressively deeper energy levels and red-shifted absorption spectra as the degree of chlorination increases. The PM6:A306-constructed organic solar cells (OSCs) give a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.03%. This is mainly ascribed to the most efficient exciton dissociation and collection, suppressed charge recombination, and optimal morphology. Moreover, by alternating the substitution position, the PM6:A305-based device yielded a higher PCE of 12.53% than that of PM6:A304 (12.05%). This work offers fresh insights into establishing excellent asymmetric NFAs for OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbin Li
- Institute of Nuclear Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan 467000, China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Linjiao Qin
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Lingwei Xue
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan 467000, China
| | - Yanfang Geng
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiangyu Li
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Zhi-Guo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qingzhi Yan
- Institute of Nuclear Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Erjun Zhou
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
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Ma L, Zhang S, Ryu DH, Wang G, Song CE, Shin WS, Ren J, Hou J. Design of Chlorinated Indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b']dithiophene Acceptors toward Efficient Organic Photovoltaics. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:1243-1250. [PMID: 38143313 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Chlorinated modifications have been extensively employed to modulate the optoelectronic properties of π-conjugated materials. Herein, the Cl substitution in designing nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) with various bandgaps is studied. Four narrow-bandgap electron acceptors (GS-40, GS-41, GS-42, and GS-43) were synthesized by tuning the electrostatic potential distributions of the molecular conjugated backbones. The optical absorption onset of these NFAs ranges from 900 to 1030 nm. Compared to the nonchlorinated analogue, the introduction of Cl atoms on the core of indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b'] dithiophene (IDT) and π spacer results in an upward shift of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital levels and induces a blue shift in the absorption spectra of the NFAs. This alteration facilitates achieving appropriate energy-level alignment and favorable bulk heterojunction morphology when blended with the widely used donor PBDB-TF. The PBDB-TF:GS-43-based solar cells show an optimal power conversion efficiency of 13.3%. This work suggests the potential of employing chlorine-modified IDT and thiophene units as fundamental building blocks for developing high-performance photoactive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijiao Ma
- School of Chemistry and Biology Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular, Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shaoqing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Biology Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Du Hyeon Ryu
- Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - Guanlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular, Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chang Eun Song
- Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - Won Suk Shin
- Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - Junzhen Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular, Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- School of Chemistry and Biology Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular, Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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Tang W, Zhou G, Hu C, Li A, Chen Z, Yang Z, Su J, Zhang W. Regulating the Anion Redox and Suppressing the Structural Distortion of Cation-Disordered Rock-Salt Cathode Materials to Improve Cycling Durability through Chlorine Substitution. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:17938-17946. [PMID: 37009862 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c01280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the capacity boost from anion redox activities, cation-disordered rock-salt oxides are considered as potential candidates for the next-generation of high energy density Li-ion cathode materials. Unfortunately, the anion redox process that affords ultra-high specific capacity often triggers irreversible O2 release, which brings about structural degradation and rapid capacity decay. In this study, we present a partial chlorine (Cl) substitution strategy to synthesize a new cation-disordered rock-salt compound of Li1.225Ti0.45Mn0.325O1.9Cl0.1 and investigate the impact of Cl substitution on the oxygen redox process and the structural stability of cation-disordered rock-salt cathodes. We find that partial replacement of O2- by Cl- expands the cell volume and promotes anion redox reaction reversibility, thus increasing the Li+ ion diffusion rate and suppressing irreversible lattice oxygen loss. As a result, the Li1.225Ti0.45Mn0.325O1.9Cl0.1 cathode exhibits significantly improved cycling durability at high current densities, compared with the pristine Li1.225Ti0.45Mn0.325O2 cathode. This work demonstrates the promising feasibility of the Cl substitution process for advanced cation-disordered rock-salt cathode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijian Tang
- Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Institute of Energy, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Guojun Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Anhui Key Laboratory of Controllable Chemical Reaction & Material Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Chengzhi Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Anhui Key Laboratory of Controllable Chemical Reaction & Material Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Afei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Anhui Key Laboratory of Controllable Chemical Reaction & Material Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Zhangxian Chen
- Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Institute of Energy, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Anhui Key Laboratory of Controllable Chemical Reaction & Material Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Zeheng Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Anhui Key Laboratory of Controllable Chemical Reaction & Material Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Jianhui Su
- Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Institute of Energy, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
- School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Weixin Zhang
- Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Institute of Energy, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Anhui Key Laboratory of Controllable Chemical Reaction & Material Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
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Je HI, Shin EY, Lee KJ, Ahn H, Park S, Im SH, Kim YH, Son HJ, Kwon SK. Understanding the Performance of Organic Photovoltaics under Indoor and Outdoor Conditions: Effects of Chlorination of Donor Polymers. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:23181-23189. [PMID: 32323523 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c02712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the effects of the chemical structures of donor polymers on the photovoltaic properties of their corresponding organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices under various light-intensity conditions is important for improving the performance of these devices. We synthesized a series of copolymers based on poly[(2,6-(4,8-bis(5-(2-thioethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene))-alt-(5,5-(1',3'-di-2-thienyl-5',7'-bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzo[1',2'-c:4',5'-c']dithiophene-4,8-dione))] (PBDB-TS) and studied the effects of chlorine substitution of its thiophene-substituted benzodithiophene (BDT-Th) unit on its photovoltaic properties. Chlorination of the polymer resulted in a bulk heterojunction (BHJ) morphology optimized for efficient charge transport with suppressed leakage current and an increased open-circuit voltage of the OPV device; this optimization led to a remarkable enhancement of the OPV device's power conversion efficiency (PCE) not only under the condition of 1 sun illumination but also under a low light intensity mimicking indoor light; the PCE increased from 8.7% for PBDB-TS to ∼13% for the chlorinated polymers, PBDB-TS-3Cl, and PBDB-TS-4Cl under the 1 sun illumination condition and from 5.3% for PBDB-TS to 21.7% for PBDB-TS-4Cl under 500 lx fluorescence illuminance. Interestingly, although the OPV PCEs under 1 sun illumination were independent of the position of chlorine substitution onto the polymer, PBDB-TS-4Cl exhibited better performance under simulated indoor light than its derivative PBDB-TS-3Cl. Our results demonstrate that efficient light absorption and charge-carrier generation play key roles in achieving high OPV efficiency under low-light-intensity conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwan-Il Je
- Department of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology and ERI, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Eul-Yong Shin
- Photo-Electronic Hybrids Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Jun Lee
- Photo-Electronic Hybrids Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungju Ahn
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Kyungbuk, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungmin Park
- Photo-Electronic Hybrids Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyuk Im
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hi Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Gyeongsang National University and RIGET, 900, Gajwa-dong, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Jung Son
- Photo-Electronic Hybrids Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Energy and Environment, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Ki Kwon
- Department of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology and ERI, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
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Zheng F, Takenaka H, Wang F, Koocher NZ, Rappe AM. First-Principles Calculation of the Bulk Photovoltaic Effect in CH3NH3PbI3 and CH3NH3PbI(3-x)Cl(x). J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:31-7. [PMID: 26263087 DOI: 10.1021/jz502109e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid halide perovskites exhibit nearly 20% power conversion efficiency, but the origin of their high efficiency is still unknown. Here, we compute the shift current, a dominant mechanism of the bulk photovoltaic (PV) effect for ferroelectric photovoltaics, in CH₃NH₃PbI₃ and CH₃NH₃PbI(3-x)Cl(x) from first-principles. We find that these materials give approximately three times larger shift current PV response to near-IR and visible light than the prototypical ferroelectric photovoltaic BiFeO₃. The molecular orientations of CH₃NH₃⁺ can strongly affect the corresponding PbI₃ inorganic frame so as to alter the magnitude of the shift current response. Specifically, configurations with dipole moments aligned in parallel distort the inorganic PbI₃ frame more significantly than configurations with near-net-zero dipole, yielding a larger shift current response. Furthermore, we explore the effect of Cl substitution on shift current and find that Cl substitution at the equatorial site induces a larger response than does substitution at the apical site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zheng
- The Makineni Theoretical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Hiroyuki Takenaka
- The Makineni Theoretical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Fenggong Wang
- The Makineni Theoretical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Nathan Z Koocher
- The Makineni Theoretical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Andrew M Rappe
- The Makineni Theoretical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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