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Zheng J, Gresham M, Phillipson L, Hall D, Jeon YH, Brodaty H, Low LF. Exploring the usability, user experience and usefulness of a supportive website for people with dementia and carers. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2024; 19:1369-1381. [PMID: 37086036 DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2023.2180546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study explores the usability, usefulness and user experience of the Forward with Dementia website for people with dementia and family carers, and identifies strategies to improve web design for this population. METHODS The website was iteratively user-tested by 12 participants (five people with dementia, seven carers) using the Zoom platform. Data collection involved observations, semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. Integrative mixed-method data analysis was used, informed by inductive thematic qualitative analysis. RESULTS Users of Version 1 of the website experienced web functionality, navigation and legibility issues. Strategies for desirable web design were identified as simplifying functions, streamlining navigation and decluttering page layouts. Implementation of strategies produced improvements in usability, user experience and usefulness in Version 2, with mean System Usability Scale scores improving from 15 to 84, and mean task completion improving from 55% to 89%. The user journey for people with dementia and carers overlapped, but each group had their own unique needs in the context of web design. CONCLUSIONS The interplay between a website's content, functionality, navigation and legibility can profoundly influence user perceptions of a website. Dementia-related websites play an important role in informing audiences of management strategies, service availability and planning for the progression of dementia. Findings of this study may assist in guiding future web development targeting this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacky Zheng
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Meredith Gresham
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lyn Phillipson
- School of Health and Society, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Danika Hall
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yun-Hee Jeon
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lee-Fay Low
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Bharadwaj P, Nicola L, Breau-Brunel M, Sensini F, Tanova-Yotova N, Atanasov P, Lobig F, Blankenburg M. Unlocking the Value: Quantifying the Return on Investment of Hospital Artificial Intelligence. J Am Coll Radiol 2024:S1546-1440(24)00292-8. [PMID: 38499053 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2024.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE A comprehensive return on investment (ROI) calculator was developed to evaluate the monetary and nonmonetary benefits of an artificial intelligence (AI)-powered radiology diagnostic imaging platform to inform decision makers interested in adopting AI. METHODS A calculator was constructed to calculate comparative costs, estimated revenues, and quantify the clinical value of using an AI platform compared with no use of AI in radiology workflows of a US hospital over a 5-year time horizon. Parameters were determined on the basis of expert interviews and a literature review. Scenario and deterministic sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate calculator drivers. RESULTS In the calculator, the introduction of an AI platform into the hospital radiology workflow resulted in labor time reductions and delivery of an ROI of 451% over a 5-year period. The ROI was increased to 791% when radiologist time savings were considered. Time savings for radiologists included more than 15 8-hour working days of waiting time, 78 days in triage time, 10 days in reading time, and 41 days in reporting time. Using the platform also provided revenue benefits for the hospital in bringing in patients for clinically beneficial follow-up scans, hospitalizations, and treatment procedures. Results were sensitive to the time horizon, health center setting, and number of scans performed. Among those, the most influential outcome was the number of additional necessary treatments performed because of AI identification of patients. CONCLUSIONS The authors demonstrate a substantial 5-year ROI of implementing an AI platform in a stroke management-accredited hospital. The ROI calculator may be useful for decision makers evaluating AI-powered radiology platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lauren Nicola
- CEO/Partner, Triad Radiology Associates; Chair, Ultrasound Commission, ACR; Chair, Reimbursement Committee, ACR
| | | | | | | | - Petar Atanasov
- Principal Consultant, Amaris Consulting, London, United Kingdom
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Kengne AP, Brière JB, Gudiña IA, Jiang X, Kodjamanova P, Bennetts L, Khan ZM. The impact of non-pharmacological interventions on adherence to medication and persistence in dyslipidaemia and hypertension: a systematic review. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38366854 DOI: 10.1080/14737167.2024.2319598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Suboptimal medication adherence is common among patients with cardiovascular diseases. We sought evidence on non-pharmacological interventions used to support adherence for patients with hypertension and/or dyslipidemia. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, MEDLINE In-Process, ClinicalTrials.gov, EUCTR, and conference proceedings from July 2011 to July 2021 to identify trials evaluating effects of health education, phone reminders, or digital interventions on medication adherence or persistence of adult patients with hypertension and/or dyslipidemia. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool v2. RESULTS Of 64 studies, 62 used health education approaches (e.g. educational interviews, motivational meetings, advice from physicians, and mobile health content), 16 phone reminders (e.g. text reminders, electronic pill-box linked reminders, bi-directional text messaging), and 10 digital applications as interventions (e.g., various self-management applications). All studies assessed medication adherence; only two persistence. Overall, 30 studies (83%) assessing health education approaches alone and 25 (78%) combined with other strategies, 12 (75%) phone reminders and eight studies (80%) digital applications combined with other strategies reported improved medication adherence. Two studies assessing health education approaches reported improved persistence. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate non-pharmacological interventions may positively impact adherence. Therefore, 'beyond the pill' approaches could play a role in preventing cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaobin Jiang
- Health Economics and Market Access, Amaris Consulting, Shanghai, China
| | - Petya Kodjamanova
- Health Economics and Market Access, Amaris Consulting, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Liga Bennetts
- Health Economics and Market Access, Amaris Consulting, Montréal, Canada
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Adam D, Berschick J, Schiele JK, Bogdanski M, Schröter M, Steinmetz M, Koch AK, Sehouli J, Reschke S, Stritter W, Kessler CS, Seifert G. Interventions to reduce stress and prevent burnout in healthcare professionals supported by digital applications: a scoping review. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1231266. [PMID: 38026413 PMCID: PMC10630920 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1231266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Healthcare professionals are at increased risk of burnout, primarily due to workplace-related stressors. The COVID-19 pandemic has further increased this risk. Different interventions exist with varying degrees of effectiveness; little is reported on the content and implementation of such programs. This review fills this gap, with attention to recent programs using digital components. Methods PubMed, Embase, PsycInfo, and Google Scholar were searched between January 24th and 28th, 2022, limited to the last 5 years (≥2017). Articles were included if they (1) focused on stress reduction or burnout prevention for nurses and medical doctors within workplace health promotion for nurses or medical doctors, (2) included a digital program component, (3) were conducted in high-income country contexts, and (4) were clinical studies published in English or German. Data was extracted using a priori designed spreadsheets. A group of at least 2 authors at each stage carried out the screening, selection, and data extraction. Results The search strategy identified 153 articles, all except 7 were excluded. Two studies were conducted in the USA, two in Spain, one in the Netherlands, Poland, and Korea each. Four studies used a randomized study design, all but one had a control group. A wide range of outcome measures was used. The types of interventions included an adapted mindfulness-based stress reduction program combined with aspects of behavioral therapies, cognitive behavioral therapy, or acceptance and commitment therapy. The digital components used were apps (4 studies), a digital platform, blended learning, and a web-based intervention (1 study each). Six studies focused on individual interventions, one included organizational interventions. Conclusion Despite an acute burnout crisis in the healthcare sector, only seven recent interventions were found that integrated digital components. Several problems emerged during the implementation of the interventions that made it clear that organizational support is urgently needed for successful implementation. Although interventions for stress reduction and burnout prevention should combine individual and organizational measures to be as successful as possible, this was only partially the case in one of the intervention programs. The results of this scoping review can be used to further develop or optimize stress and burnout prevention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Adam
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Berschick
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Oncology and Hematology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia K. Schiele
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Oncology and Hematology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Bogdanski
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Oncology and Hematology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marleen Schröter
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Oncology and Hematology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Melanie Steinmetz
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Oncology and Hematology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna K. Koch
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Oncology and Hematology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jalid Sehouli
- Department of Gynecology with Center of Surgical Oncology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sylvia Reschke
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wiebke Stritter
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Oncology and Hematology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian S. Kessler
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nature-Based Therapies, Immanuel Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Seifert
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Oncology and Hematology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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Vasil S, Xinxo S, Alia A, Muça K, Tresa E, Burazeri G. Digital applications as a means for promotion of healthy behaviours among Albanian children. Health Promot Int 2023; 38:daad083. [PMID: 37562042 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daad083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Digital applications can be effective tools for strengthening school-based health education programs as they can provide valuable health information to children through interactive videos, quizzes and games. We aimed at assessing the change in the prevalence of healthy behaviours among children exposed to digital applications (intervention) employed for promoting healthy behaviours. We conducted a cross-sectional study before the intervention in March 2022 including a representative sample of 1500 Albanian schoolchildren (≈54% girls) aged 12-15 years. In June 2022, after 4-month exposure to digital applications aimed at promoting healthy behaviours (intervention), we carried out a second cross-sectional study in the same sample of schoolchildren. In both survey rounds, an anonymous and structured self-administered questionnaire inquired children about a range of behavioural practices including nutrition, oral health, physical activity and hygiene practices. After the intervention, overall, there was evidence of a significant increase in the prevalence of all healthy behavioural practices measured: ~9% for breakfast consumption and/or environmental protection, 12% for toothbrushing, 14% for handwashing, 15% for leisure time physical exercise and 24% for adequate fruit and vegetable intake (all p < 0.001). Engagement in healthy behaviours only after the intervention was higher among rural children (from 18% for breakfast consumption to 37% for handwashing and/or adequate fruit and vegetable intake) and especially those pertinent to Roma/Egyptian communities (from 18% for breakfast consumption to 46% for adequate fruit and vegetable intake), except for engagement in safe environmental protection which was more prevalent among urban residents (28% vs. 15% among rural children) and ethnic Albanian children (24% vs. 13% among Roma/Egyptian children). Our findings from Albania indicate that digital applications can be useful for strengthening school-based health promotion programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suela Vasil
- 'Schools for Health', a project of the Swiss Development and Cooperation (SDC) Agency, Rr. "Mihal Popi", 8185 Tirana, Albania
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tirana, Bulevardi Zogu I, 1001 Tirana, Albania
| | - Sonela Xinxo
- 'Schools for Health', a project of the Swiss Development and Cooperation (SDC) Agency, Rr. "Mihal Popi", 8185 Tirana, Albania
| | - Albano Alia
- 'Schools for Health', a project of the Swiss Development and Cooperation (SDC) Agency, Rr. "Mihal Popi", 8185 Tirana, Albania
| | - Kliton Muça
- 'Schools for Health', a project of the Swiss Development and Cooperation (SDC) Agency, Rr. "Mihal Popi", 8185 Tirana, Albania
| | - Eni Tresa
- 'Schools for Health', a project of the Swiss Development and Cooperation (SDC) Agency, Rr. "Mihal Popi", 8185 Tirana, Albania
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine, Rr. "Dibres", No. 371, 8185 Tirana, Albania
| | - Genc Burazeri
- 'Schools for Health', a project of the Swiss Development and Cooperation (SDC) Agency, Rr. "Mihal Popi", 8185 Tirana, Albania
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine, Rr. "Dibres", No. 371, 8185 Tirana, Albania
- Department of International Health, School CAPHRI (Care and Public Health Research Institute), Maastricht University, Duboisdomein 30, 6229 GT Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Shachar C, Gerke S, Morrell W, Kirby A, Cohen IG, Bierer BE. When Is a Change Significant? The Update Problem of Apps in Medical and Behavioral Research. Ethics Hum Res 2022; 44:2-11. [PMID: 35543261 DOI: 10.1002/eahr.500118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Digital applications (apps) are commonly used across the research ecosystem. While apps are frequently updated in the course of clinical and behavioral research, there is limited guidance as to when an app update should trigger action related to human research participant protections and who should be responsible for monitoring and reviewing these updates. We term this the "update problem" and argue that, while it is the principal investigator's duty to track all relevant updates, the level of involvement and re-review by the institutional review board (IRB) of an approved research protocol should vary depending on whether the update may be classified as minor, not minor, or significant. Minor updates require at most annual notification of the IRB, updates that are not minor require prompt notification of the IRB, and significant updates may require full board re-review or another response. We also suggest how these policies might be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmel Shachar
- Executive director of the Petrie-Flom Center at Harvard Law School
| | - Sara Gerke
- Assistant professor of law at Penn State Dickinson Law and a leadership team member of the Project on Precision Medicine, Artificial Intelligence, and the Law (PMAIL) at the Petrie-Flom Center for Health Law Policy, Biotechnology, and Bioethics at Harvard Law School
| | - Walker Morrell
- Project manager at the Multi-Regional Clinical Trials Center of Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard
| | - Aaron Kirby
- Director of regulatory affairs operations at Harvard Catalyst
| | - I Glenn Cohen
- Deputy dean, a James A. Attwood and Leslie Williams Professor of Law, and the faculty director of the Petrie-Flom Center at Harvard Law School
| | - Barbara E Bierer
- Professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, the faculty director of the Multi-Regional Clinical Trials Center, and the program director of regulatory foundations, ethics, and the law at Harvard Catalyst
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Chmiel FP, Burns DK, Pickering JB, Blythin A, Wilkinson TM, Boniface MJ. Prediction of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbation Events by Using Patient Self-reported Data in a Digital Health App: Statistical Evaluation and Machine Learning Approach. JMIR Med Inform 2022; 10:e26499. [PMID: 35311685 PMCID: PMC8981014 DOI: 10.2196/26499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Self-reporting digital apps provide a way of remotely monitoring and managing patients with chronic conditions in the community. Leveraging the data collected by these apps in prognostic models could provide increased personalization of care and reduce the burden of care for people who live with chronic conditions. This study evaluated the predictive ability of prognostic models for the prediction of acute exacerbation events in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by using data self-reported to a digital health app. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate if data self-reported to a digital health app can be used to predict acute exacerbation events in the near future. Methods This is a retrospective study evaluating the use of symptom and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment test data self-reported to a digital health app (myCOPD) in predicting acute exacerbation events. We include data from 2374 patients who made 68,139 self-reports. We evaluated the degree to which the different variables self-reported to the app are predictive of exacerbation events and developed both heuristic and machine learning models to predict whether the patient will report an exacerbation event within 3 days of self-reporting to the app. The model’s predictive ability was evaluated based on self-reports from an independent set of patients. Results Users self-reported symptoms, and standard chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment tests displayed correlation with future exacerbation events. Both a baseline model (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUROC] 0.655, 95% CI 0.689-0.676) and a machine learning model (AUROC 0.727, 95% CI 0.720-0.735) showed moderate ability in predicting exacerbation events, occurring within 3 days of a given self-report. Although the baseline model obtained a fixed sensitivity and specificity of 0.551 (95% CI 0.508-0.596) and 0.759 (95% CI 0.752-0.767) respectively, the sensitivity and specificity of the machine learning model can be tuned by dichotomizing the continuous predictions it provides with different thresholds. Conclusions Data self-reported to health care apps designed to remotely monitor patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can be used to predict acute exacerbation events with moderate performance. This could increase personalization of care by allowing preemptive action to be taken to mitigate the risk of future exacerbation events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis P Chmiel
- School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Dan K Burns
- School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - John Brian Pickering
- School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Thomas Ma Wilkinson
- my mHealth Limited, Bournemouth, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration Wessex, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J Boniface
- School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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Hswen Y, Yom-Tov E, Murti V, Narsing N, Prasad S, Rutherford GW, Bibbins-Domingo K. Covidseeker: A Geospatial Temporal Surveillance Tool. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:1410. [PMID: 35162432 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Geospatial temporal data derived from smartphones traditionally used for purposes of navigation may offer valuable information for public health surveillance and locational hot spotting. Our objective was to develop a web-based application, called Covidseeker, that captures continuous fine-grained geospatial temporal data from smartphones and leverages these data to study transmission patterns of COVID-19. Methods: This report describes the development of Covidseeker and the process by which it utilizes geospatial temporal data from smartphones and processes it into a usable format to study geospatial temporal patterns of COVID-19. We provide an overview of the design process, the principles, the software architecture, and the dashboard of the Covidseeker application and consider key challenges and strategic uses of capturing geospatial temporal data and the potential for future applications in outbreak surveillance. Results: A resource such as Covidseeker can support situational awareness by providing information about the location and timing of transmission of diseases such as COVID-19. Geospatial temporal data housed in smartphones hold tremendous potential to capture more depth about where and when transmission occurs and the patterns of human mobility that lead to increases in risk of COVID-19. Conclusion: An enormous and highly rich source of geospatial temporal information about human mobility can be used to provide highly localized discrete information that is difficult to capture by traditional sources. The architecture of Covidseeker can be applied to help track COVID-19 and should be integrated with traditional disease surveillance practices.
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Martin NM, Barnett DJ, Poirier L, Sundermeir SM, Reznar MM, Gittelsohn J. Moving Food Assistance into the Digital Age: A Scoping Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:1328. [PMID: 35162351 PMCID: PMC8835246 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
One of the most basic needs globally, food assistance refers to the multitude of programs, both governmental and non-governmental, to improve food access and consumption by food-insecure individuals and families. Despite the importance of digital and mobile Health (mHealth) strategies in food insecurity contexts, little is known about their specific use in food assistance programs. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to address that gap by conducting a scoping review of the literature. Keywords were defined within the concepts of food assistance and digital technology. The search included relevant peer-reviewed and grey literature from 2011 to 2021. Excluded articles related to agriculture and non-digital strategies. PRISMA guidelines were followed to perform a partnered, two-round scoping literature review. The final synthesis included 39 studies of which most (84.6%) were from the last five years and United States-based (93.2%). The top three types of articles or studies included text and opinion, qualitative research, and website, application, or model development (17.9%). The top three types of digital tools were websites (56.4%), smartphone applications (20.5%), and chatbots (5.1%). Nineteen digital features were identified as desirable. Most tools included just one or two features. The most popular feature to include was online shopping (n = 14), followed by inventory management, and client tracking. Digital tools for individual food assistance represent an opportunity for equitable and stable access to programs that can enhance or replace in-person services. While this review identified 39 tools, all are in early development and/or implementation stages. Review findings highlight an overall lack of these tools, an absence of user-centered design in their development, and a critical need for research on their effectiveness globally. Further analysis and testing of current digital tool usage and interventions examining the health and food security impacts of such tools should be explored in future studies, including in the context of pandemics, where digital tools allow for help from a distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina M. Martin
- Human Nutrition Program, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (L.P.); (S.M.S.); (J.G.)
| | - Daniel J. Barnett
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;
| | - Lisa Poirier
- Human Nutrition Program, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (L.P.); (S.M.S.); (J.G.)
| | - Samantha M. Sundermeir
- Human Nutrition Program, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (L.P.); (S.M.S.); (J.G.)
| | - Melissa M. Reznar
- Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Oakland University School of Health Sciences, Rochester, MI 48309, USA;
| | - Joel Gittelsohn
- Human Nutrition Program, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (L.P.); (S.M.S.); (J.G.)
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Martin NM, Sundermeir SM, Barnett DJ, van Dongen EJI, Rosman L, Rosenblum AJ, Gittelsohn J. Digital Strategies to Improve Food Assistance in Disasters: A Scoping Review. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2021; 17:e40. [PMID: 34632974 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2021.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Modern digital strategies, including Internet of Things, machine learning, and mobile applications, have revolutionized situational awareness during disaster management. Despite their importance, no review of digital strategies to support emergency food security efforts has been conducted. This scoping review fills that gap. METHODS Keywords were defined within the concepts of food assistance, digital technology, and disasters. After the database searches, PRISMA guidelines were followed to perform a partnered, 2-round scoping literature review. RESULTS The search identified 3201 articles, and 26 articles met criteria and were included in the analysis. The data types used to describe the tools were text/opinion (42.3%), qualitative (23.1%), system architecture (19.2%), quantitative and qualitative (11.5 %), and quantitative (3.8%). The tools' main functions were Resource Allocation (41.7%), Data Collection and Management (33%), Interagency Communications (15.4 %), Beneficiary Communications (11.5%), and Fundraising (7.7%). The platforms used to achieve these goals were Mobile Application (36%), Internet of Things (20%), Website (20%), and Mobile Survey (8%); 92% covered the disaster response phase. CONCLUSIONS Digital tools for planning, situational awareness, client choice, and recovery are needed to support emergency food assistance, but there is a lack of these tools and research on their effectiveness across all disaster phases.
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Yonchuk JG, Mohan D, LeBrasseur NK, George AR, Singh S, Tal-Singer R. Development of Respercise® a Digital Application for Standardizing Home Exercise in COPD Clinical Trials. Chronic Obstr Pulm Dis 2021; 8:269-276. [PMID: 33780603 DOI: 10.15326/jcopdf.2020.0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is an important therapy for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), yet uptake remains low. Intervention strategies which recapitulate the benefits of PR are, therefore, needed and digital, home-based therapies present opportunity in this space. Digital therapies also potentially offer an opportunity to standardize PR in clinical trials for new COPD therapies. Aims and Methods We aimed to create a digital application (app), Respercise®, consisting of up to 4 strengthening exercises in conjunction with Therbands™ and a daily physical activity program with individualized step goals, and to test its feasibility in a clinical trial. App usability was surveyed qualitatively before development iterations and deployment in a 13-week interventional clinical trial. All participants who completed the study were invited for an exit interview and performed the 5-repetition sit-to-stand test amongst other measures. Results Feedback from clinical trial participants was positive; 97% of respondents liked the app. A total of 88% of participants reported that it was easy to fit the exercises into their daily routine, and there was over 90% adherence for entering daily step counts. Notably, on day 90 both females and males using Respercise alone demonstrated a 2.22- and 2.27-seconds improvement in time for 5-repetition sit-to-stand tests respectively, above the 1.7 second threshold that is considered clinically meaningful in COPD. Conclusions Respercise can be successfully deployed in clinical trials, offering the opportunity for standardization of exercise in clinical trials and, with further development, could have wider reach as a home-based intervention for individuals with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- John G Yonchuk
- Research and Development Technology, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Divya Mohan
- Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Nathan K LeBrasseur
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | | | - Sally Singh
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Respiratory, Leicester, United Kingdom
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