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Blaess S, Herrera AJ. Editorial: Factors contributing to dopaminergic cell death. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1136930. [PMID: 36733824 PMCID: PMC9887168 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1136930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Blaess
- Neurodevelopmental Genetics, Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Antonio J. Herrera
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS)-Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain,*Correspondence: Antonio J. Herrera ✉
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Taştan P, Armagan G, Dağcı T, Kıvçak B. Evaluation of cell protection by Psephellus pyrrhoblepharus (Boiss.) Wagenitz extracts in MPP +-induced dopaminergic cell damage. Drug Chem Toxicol 2019; 45:70-76. [PMID: 31474160 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2019.1659808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases affect millions of people. Major reasons behind the onset and progression of these diseases are still under investigation. Therefore, any approach that would treat/prevent progression is important. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of Psephellus pyrrhoblepharus (Boiss.) Wagenitz extracts in MPP+-induced dopaminergic cell damage and compare the effectiveness of different extracts (methanol:water (1:1), chloroform and n-hexane). The cells were pretreated with four different concentrations (10, 50, 100, and 200 µg/ml) of methanol:water (1:1), chloroform and n-hexane extracts of P. pyrrhoblepharus following MPP+ treatment for 12 or 24 h. The changes in cell viability were determined using the MTT assay. Additionally, antioxidant activities and total phenolic/flavonoid contents of the extracts were determined with radical scavenging capacity, Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride assays, respectively. The extracts at selected concentrations were found to be protective in a dose-dependent manner at 12 and 24 h. Nevertheless, the methanol extract of the plant showed the highest protection both at 100 and 200 µg/ml (115.13%±3.98, 121.87%±1.66; p < 0.05) against dopaminergic damage at 24 h. The results showed that selected concentrations were not toxic and did not affect cell proliferation rate. Besides, the chloroform extract was found to have higher antioxidant activity than the other extracts (p < 0.05). The total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were found consistent with antioxidant activities. Our findings support the neuroprotective and antioxidant potential of P. pyrrhoblepharus. However, further studies on identifying the presence of chemicals in P. pyrrhoblepharus extracts which are responsible for protection should be carried out to confirm their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Taştan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Ege University, Faculty of Pharmacy , Izmir , Turkey
| | - Güliz Armagan
- Department of Biochemistry, Ege University, Faculty of Pharmacy , Izmir , Turkey
| | - Taner Dağcı
- Department of Physiology, Ege University, Faculty of Medicine , Izmir , Turkey
| | - Bijen Kıvçak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Ege University, Faculty of Pharmacy , Izmir , Turkey
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Chen V, Saez-Atienzar S. A tango for two: Dopamine and α-synuclein synergy may explain nigrostriatal degeneration in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2018; 33:249. [PMID: 29356152 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Chen
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sara Saez-Atienzar
- Transgenics Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, NIA, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Tönges L, Szegö EM, Hause P, Saal KA, Tatenhorst L, Koch JC, D Hedouville Z, Dambeck V, Kügler S, Dohm CP, Bähr M, Lingor P. Alpha-synuclein mutations impair axonal regeneration in models of Parkinson's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2014; 6:239. [PMID: 25309425 PMCID: PMC4159996 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The dopaminergic (DAergic) nigrostriatal tract has an intrinsic regenerative capacity which can be impaired in Parkinson's disease (PD). Alpha-synuclein (aSyn) is a major pathogenic component in PD but its impact on DAergic axonal regeneration is largely unknown. In this study, we expressed pathogenic variants of human aSyn by means of recombinant adeno-associated viral vectors in experimental paradigms of DAergic regeneration. In a scratch lesion model in vitro, both aSyn(A30P) and aSyn(A53T) significantly reduced DAergic neurite regeneration and induced loss of TH-immunopositive cells while aSyn(WT) showed only minor cellular neurotoxic effects. The striatal density of TH-immunopositive axons in the striatal 6-OHDA lesion mouse model was attenuated only by aSyn(A30P). However, striatal expression levels of the regeneration marker GAP-43 in TH-immunopositive fibers were reduced by both aSyn(A30P) and aSyn(A53T), but not by aSyn(WT), which was associated with an activation of the ROCK signaling pathway. Nigral DAergic cell loss was only mildly enhanced by additional overexpression of aSyn variants. Our findings indicate that mutations of aSyn have a strong impact on the regenerative capacity of DAergic neurons, which may contribute to their pathogenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Tönges
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen Göttingen, Germany ; Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, Cluster of Excellence 171-DFG Research Center 103 (CNMPB) Göttingen, Germany
| | - Eva M Szegö
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Restorative Research, University Medicine Göttingen Göttingen, Germany
| | - Patrizia Hause
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kim-Ann Saal
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lars Tatenhorst
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jan Christoph Koch
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen Göttingen, Germany ; Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, Cluster of Excellence 171-DFG Research Center 103 (CNMPB) Göttingen, Germany
| | - Zara D Hedouville
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen Göttingen, Germany
| | - Vivian Dambeck
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kügler
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen Göttingen, Germany ; Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, Cluster of Excellence 171-DFG Research Center 103 (CNMPB) Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christoph P Dohm
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen Göttingen, Germany ; Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, Cluster of Excellence 171-DFG Research Center 103 (CNMPB) Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mathias Bähr
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen Göttingen, Germany
| | - Paul Lingor
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen Göttingen, Germany ; Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, Cluster of Excellence 171-DFG Research Center 103 (CNMPB) Göttingen, Germany
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Tönges L, Frank T, Tatenhorst L, Saal KA, Koch JC, Szegő ÉM, Bähr M, Weishaupt JH, Lingor P. Inhibition of rho kinase enhances survival of dopaminergic neurons and attenuates axonal loss in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Brain 2012; 135:3355-70. [PMID: 23087045 PMCID: PMC3501973 DOI: 10.1093/brain/aws254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Revised: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Axonal degeneration is one of the earliest features of Parkinson's disease pathology, which is followed by neuronal death in the substantia nigra and other parts of the brain. Inhibition of axonal degeneration combined with cellular neuroprotection therefore seem key to targeting an early stage in Parkinson's disease progression. Based on our previous studies in traumatic and neurodegenerative disease models, we have identified rho kinase as a molecular target that can be manipulated to disinhibit axonal regeneration and improve survival of lesioned central nervous system neurons. In this study, we examined the neuroprotective potential of pharmacological rho kinase inhibition mediated by fasudil in the in vitro 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium cell culture model and in the subchronic in vivo 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Application of fasudil resulted in a significant attenuation of dopaminergic cell loss in both paradigms. Furthermore, dopaminergic terminals were preserved as demonstrated by analysis of neurite network in vitro, striatal fibre density and by neurochemical analysis of the levels of dopamine and its metabolites in the striatum. Behavioural tests demonstrated a clear improvement in motor performance after fasudil treatment. The Akt survival pathway was identified as an important molecular mediator for neuroprotective effects of rho kinase inhibition in our paradigm. We conclude that inhibition of rho kinase using the clinically approved small molecule inhibitor fasudil may be a promising new therapeutic strategy for Parkinson's disease.
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MESH Headings
- 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine/analogs & derivatives
- 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine/pharmacology
- 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine/therapeutic use
- 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium/toxicity
- Animals
- Axons/drug effects
- Axons/pathology
- Behavior, Animal/drug effects
- Behavior, Animal/physiology
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Cell Survival/physiology
- Cells, Cultured
- Corpus Striatum/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dopamine/metabolism
- Dopaminergic Neurons/enzymology
- Dopaminergic Neurons/pathology
- Dopaminergic Neurons/physiology
- MPTP Poisoning/drug therapy
- MPTP Poisoning/enzymology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Nerve Degeneration/chemically induced
- Nerve Degeneration/drug therapy
- Nerve Degeneration/enzymology
- Neurites/pathology
- Neuroprotective Agents/metabolism
- Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology
- Neuroprotective Agents/therapeutic use
- Parkinson Disease, Secondary/chemically induced
- Parkinson Disease, Secondary/drug therapy
- Parkinson Disease, Secondary/enzymology
- Parkinson Disease, Secondary/pathology
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/drug effects
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Substantia Nigra/drug effects
- Substantia Nigra/enzymology
- rho-Associated Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- rho-Associated Kinases/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Tönges
- 1 Department of Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Frank
- 1 Department of Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lars Tatenhorst
- 1 Department of Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kim A. Saal
- 1 Department of Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jan C. Koch
- 1 Department of Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Éva M. Szegő
- 2 Cluster of Excellence “Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain” (CNMPB), 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- 3 Department of Neurodegeneration and Restorative Research, University of Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mathias Bähr
- 1 Department of Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- 2 Cluster of Excellence “Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain” (CNMPB), 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Paul Lingor
- 1 Department of Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- 2 Cluster of Excellence “Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain” (CNMPB), 37075 Göttingen, Germany
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