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Luigi-Sierra MG, Guan D, López-Béjar M, Casas E, Olvera-Maneu S, Gardela J, Palomo MJ, Osuagwuh UI, Ohaneje UL, Mármol-Sánchez E, Amills M. A protein-coding gene expression atlas from the brain of pregnant and non-pregnant goats. Front Genet 2023; 14:1114749. [PMID: 37519888 PMCID: PMC10382233 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1114749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The brain is an extraordinarily complex organ with multiple anatomical structures involved in highly specialized functions related with behavior and physiological homeostasis. Our goal was to build an atlas of protein-coding gene expression in the goat brain by sequencing the transcriptomes of 12 brain regions in seven female Murciano-Granadina goats, from which three of them were 1-month pregnant. Results: Between 14,889 (cerebellar hemisphere) and 15,592 (pineal gland) protein-coding genes were expressed in goat brain regions, and most of them displayed ubiquitous or broad patterns of expression across tissues. Principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering based on the patterns of mRNA expression revealed that samples from certain brain regions tend to group according to their position in the anterior-posterior axis of the neural tube, i.e., hindbrain (pons and medulla oblongata), midbrain (rostral colliculus) and forebrain (frontal neocortex, olfactory bulb, hypothalamus, and hippocampus). Exceptions to this observation were cerebellum and glandular tissues (pineal gland and hypophysis), which showed highly divergent mRNA expression profiles. Differential expression analysis between pregnant and non-pregnant goats revealed moderate changes of mRNA expression in the frontal neocortex, hippocampus, adenohypophysis and pons, and very dramatic changes in the olfactory bulb. Many genes showing differential expression in this organ are related to olfactory function and behavior in humans. Conclusion: With the exception of cerebellum and glandular tissues, there is a relationship between the cellular origin of sampled regions along the anterior-posterior axis of the neural tube and their mRNA expression patterns in the goat adult brain. Gestation induces substantial changes in the mRNA expression of the olfactory bulb, a finding consistent with the key role of this anatomical structure on the development of maternal behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dailu Guan
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Manel López-Béjar
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Encarna Casas
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Sergi Olvera-Maneu
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jaume Gardela
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - María Jesús Palomo
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Uchebuchi Ike Osuagwuh
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Uchechi Linda Ohaneje
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Emilio Mármol-Sánchez
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Marcel Amills
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Bellaterra, Spain
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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