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Patil RS, Faruqi AA. A Case Report of Simultaneous Intracranial Hemorrhage and Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis in a Young Indian Male: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges. Cureus 2024; 16:e55642. [PMID: 38586766 PMCID: PMC10996888 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
This case report discusses the intricate diagnostic and therapeutic challenges faced by a 23-year-old Indian male who presented with altered consciousness, a holo-cranial headache, right-sided hemiparesis, and subsequent neurological symptoms. The patient's dietary habits, leading to vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiencies resulting in hyperhomocysteinemia, along with binge alcohol drinking leading to dehydration, were identified as the main causes of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) in this case. The case was complicated by an additional cerebral hemorrhage. The patient received a comprehensive treatment regimen involving antiepileptic medications, intravenous fluids, and anticoagulation therapy. A decline in the Glasgow Coma Scale score prompted further interventions. Collaborative decision-making, involving neurologists, neurosurgeons, and the patient's relatives, steered the treatment course, ultimately favoring continued medical management over decompression surgery. Notably, the patient exhibited remarkable progress in mobility, achieving the ability to walk with support by the end. This case report contributes valuable insights to the understanding of CVST, emphasizing the significance of nutritional considerations, especially in vegetarians, and underscoring the importance of thorough diagnostic evaluations in complex clinical scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul S Patil
- General Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital, and Research Centre, Pune, IND
| | - Ahsan A Faruqi
- General Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital, and Research Centre, Pune, IND
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Cheng M, Liang X, Shi L, Zhang Q, Zhang L, Gong Z, Luo S, Wang X, Zhang X. Folic acid deficiency exacerbates the inflammatory response of astrocytes after ischemia-reperfusion by enhancing the interaction between IL-6 and JAK-1/pSTAT3. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023; 29:1537-1546. [PMID: 36794521 PMCID: PMC10173718 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To demonstrate the role of IL-6 and pSTAT3 in the inflammatory response to cerebral ischemia/reperfusion following folic acid deficiency (FD). METHODS The middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model was established in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats in vivo, and cultured primary astrocytes were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) to emulate ischemia/reperfusion injury in vitro. RESULTS Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression significantly increased in astrocytes of the brain cortex in the MCAO group compared to the SHAM group. Nevertheless, FD did not further promote GFAP expression in astrocytes of rat brain tissue after MCAO. This result was further confirmed in the OGD/R cellular model. In addition, FD did not promote the expressions of TNF-α and IL-1β but raised IL-6 (Peak at 12 h after MCAO) and pSTAT3 (Peak at 24 h after MCAO) levels in the affected cortices of MCAO rats. In the in vitro model, the levels of IL-6 and pSTAT3 in astrocytes were significantly reduced by treatment with Filgotinib (JAK-1 inhibitor) but not AG490 (JAK-2 inhibitor). Moreover, the suppression of IL-6 expression reduced FD-induced increases in pSTAT3 and pJAK-1. In turn, inhibited pSTAT3 expression also depressed the FD-mediated increase in IL-6 expression. CONCLUSIONS FD led to the overproduction of IL-6 and subsequently increased pSTAT3 levels via JAK-1 but not JAK-2, which further promoted increased IL-6 expression, thereby exacerbating the inflammatory response of primary astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Cheng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public HealthTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public HealthTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Xiaoshan Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public HealthTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public HealthTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Linran Shi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public HealthTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public HealthTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental HealthSchool of Public Health, Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Liwen Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental HealthSchool of Public Health, Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Zhongying Gong
- Department of NeurologyTianjin First Center Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Suhui Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public HealthTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public HealthTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public HealthTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public HealthTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Xumei Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public HealthTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public HealthTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
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Wang W, Peng M, Yuan H, Liu C, Zhang Y, Fang Y, Su Y, Zhang X, Zhang H, Tang Y, Zhao K. Studying the mechanism of sperm DNA damage caused by folate deficiency. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 26:776-788. [PMID: 34953021 PMCID: PMC8817123 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm DNA injury is one of the common causes of male infertility. Folic acid deficiency would increase the methylation level of the important genes, including those involved in DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair pathway. In the early stages, we analysed the correlation between seminal plasma folic acid concentration and semen parameters in 157 infertility patients and 91 sperm donor volunteers, and found that there was a significant negative correlation between seminal folic acid concentration and sperm DNA Fragmentation Index (DFI; r = -0.495, p < 0.01). Then through reduced representation bisulphite sequencing, global DNA methylation of sperm of patients in the low folic acid group and the high folic acid group was analysed, it was found that the methylation level in Rad54 promoter region increased in the folic acid deficiency group compared with the normal folic acid group. Meanwhile, the results of animal model and spermatocyte line (GC-2) also found that folic acid deficiency can increase the methylation level in Rad54 promoter region, increased sperm DFI in mice, increased the expression of γ-H2AX, that is, DNA injury marker protein, and increased sensitivity of GC-2 to external damage and stimulation. The study indicates that the expression of Rad54 is downregulated by folic acid deficiency via DNA methylation. This may be one of the mechanisms of sperm DNA damage caused by folate deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meilin Peng
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongfang Yuan
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiwei Fang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yufang Su
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinzong Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute(Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Guangdong, China
| | - Huiping Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunge Tang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute(Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Guangdong, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Ceuleers B, Stappers S, Lemmens J, Rutsaert L. Cobalamin and folic acid deficiencies presenting with features of a thrombotic microangiopathy: a case series. Acta Clin Belg 2021; 77:787-791. [PMID: 34559604 DOI: 10.1080/17843286.2021.1983707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
CASE PRESENTATION We report three cases of vitamin B12 and/or folic acid deficiencies presenting with non-immune hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. This presentation, with features of a thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA), has earlier been described as 'pseudo-TMA'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britt Ceuleers
- Department of Internal Medicine, GZA Hospitals, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sofie Stappers
- Department of Internal Medicine, GZA Hospitals, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jan Lemmens
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, GZA Hospitals, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Lynn Rutsaert
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, GZA Hospitals, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Intensive Care, ZNA Hospitals, Antwerp, Belgium
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Meisel E, Efros O, Bleier J, Beit Halevi T, Segal G, Rahav G, Leibowitz A, Grossman E. Folate Levels in Patients Hospitalized with Coronavirus Disease 2019. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030812. [PMID: 33801194 PMCID: PMC8001221 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the prevalence of decreased folate levels in patients hospitalized with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and evaluate their outcome and the prognostic signifi-cance associated with its different levels. In this retrospective cohort study, data were obtained from the electronic medical records at the Sheba Medical Center. Folic acid levels were available in 333 out of 1020 consecutive patients diagnosed with COVID-19 infection hospitalized from January 2020 to November 2020. Thirty-eight (11.4%) of the 333 patients comprising the present study population had low folate levels. No significant difference was found in the incidence of acute kidney injury, hypoxemia, invasive ventilation, length of hospital stay, and mortality be-tween patients with decreased and normal-range folate levels. When sub-dividing the study population according to quartiles of folate levels, similar findings were observed. In conclusion, decreased serum folate levels are common among hospitalized patients with COVID-19, but there was no association between serum folate levels and clinical outcomes. Due to the important role of folate in cell metabolism and the potential pathologic impact when deficient, a follow-up of folate levels or possible supplementation should be encouraged in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Fur-ther studies are required to assess the prevalence and consequences of folate deficiency in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eshcar Meisel
- Department of Internal Medicine “D”, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel; (O.E.); (J.B.); (T.B.H.); (A.L.)
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (G.S.); (G.R.); (E.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Orly Efros
- Department of Internal Medicine “D”, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel; (O.E.); (J.B.); (T.B.H.); (A.L.)
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (G.S.); (G.R.); (E.G.)
- National Hemophilia Center and Institute of Thrombosis & Hemostasis, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel
| | - Jonathan Bleier
- Department of Internal Medicine “D”, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel; (O.E.); (J.B.); (T.B.H.); (A.L.)
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (G.S.); (G.R.); (E.G.)
| | - Tal Beit Halevi
- Department of Internal Medicine “D”, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel; (O.E.); (J.B.); (T.B.H.); (A.L.)
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (G.S.); (G.R.); (E.G.)
| | - Gad Segal
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (G.S.); (G.R.); (E.G.)
- Department of Internal Medicine “T”, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel
| | - Galia Rahav
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (G.S.); (G.R.); (E.G.)
- Infectious Disease Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel
| | - Avshalom Leibowitz
- Department of Internal Medicine “D”, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel; (O.E.); (J.B.); (T.B.H.); (A.L.)
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (G.S.); (G.R.); (E.G.)
| | - Ehud Grossman
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (G.S.); (G.R.); (E.G.)
- Internal Medicine Wing, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel
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Gupta A, Priyadarshi S, Vyas N, Sharma G, Swain PK. Novel predictive risk factor for Erectile Dysfunction: Serum folic acid. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13890. [PMID: 33141950 DOI: 10.1111/and.13890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the serum Folic Acid (FA) levels in patients with Erectile Dysfunction (ED) and healthy controls and whether levels vary with its severity. The study was carried out on 77 sexually active individuals, out of which 41 complained of ED and 36 were apparently normal. Patients were excluded if they had any diseases known to cause ED. The severity was further categorised based on IIEF-5 scores. Blood serum levels of testosterone, lipid profile, random blood sugar, liver function test, renal function test and FA levels were obtained in each patient. Independent-samples t test of significance was used when comparing between two means. Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) test was used for correlating data. All clinical and biochemical parameters except FA were comparable in both the groups. FA levels were significantly decreased in ED group (5.29 vs. 10.8; p value = .004). Smoking habits were comparable between the groups, and FA levels did not vary among smokers and nonsmokers (p value = .46). Serum FA levels significantly declined with increasing severity of ED (8.28 vs. 5.56 vs. 4.37 vs. 3.5; p value < .001). Thus, decreased FA might possibly be one of the novel risk factors for ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhimanyu Gupta
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplant, SMS Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, India
| | - Shivam Priyadarshi
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplant, SMS Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, India
| | - Nachiket Vyas
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplant, SMS Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, India
| | - Govind Sharma
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplant, SMS Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, India
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Güneş H, Acıpayam C, Akgüngör F, Kütükçü M. Leukemia-like megaloblastic anemia in an autistic child receiving risperidone and valproic acid. Pediatr Int 2020; 62:1208-1209. [PMID: 32989877 DOI: 10.1111/ped.14281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Güneş
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş SutcuImam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Can Acıpayam
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, SutcuImam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Fehim Akgüngör
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş SutcuImam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Meliha Kütükçü
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş SutcuImam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
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Liu W, Wang K, Lv X, Wang Q, Li X, Yang Z, Liu X, Yan L, Fu X, Xiao R. Up-regulation of RNA Binding Proteins Contributes to Folate Deficiency-Induced Neural Crest Cells Dysfunction. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:85-98. [PMID: 31892848 PMCID: PMC6930370 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.33976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Folate deficiency has long been associated with the abnormal development of the neural crest cells (NCCs) and neural tube defects (NTDs). RNA binding proteins (RBPs) also play important roles in the normal neural crest development and neural tube formation. Nevertheless, the causative mechanism by which folate status influences human NCCs development and the RBPs functions remains unknown. In this study, we differentiated H9 human embryonic stem cells into neural crest cells (H9-NCCs) and then constructed three folic acid (FA) deficiency (FAD) H9-NCCs models in vitro. Decreased viability, impaired migration and promoted apoptosis of H9-NCCs were observed in three FAD H9-NCCs models. In addition, we showed that three RBPs, namely, hnRNPC, LARP6 and RCAN2, were up-regulated both in the FAD H9-NCC models in vitro and in the FAD mouse model in vivo. Knocking down of these three RBPs increased the H9-NCC viability and RCAN2 knockdown further promoted H9-NCC migration under FAD conditions. In normal culture condition, overexpression of RCAN2 and HnRNPC did not affect viabilities and migration of H9-NCCs while overexpression of LARP6 reduced the H9-NCC viability. Our findings demonstrate important regulatory effects of RBPs underlying FAD-induced impaired function of NCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Liu
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 33 Ba-Da-Chu Road, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Wang
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 33 Ba-Da-Chu Road, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Lv
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 33 Ba-Da-Chu Road, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Wang
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 33 Ba-Da-Chu Road, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu Li
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 33 Ba-Da-Chu Road, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Yang
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 33 Ba-Da-Chu Road, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Liu
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 33 Ba-Da-Chu Road, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yan
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 33 Ba-Da-Chu Road, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Fu
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 33 Ba-Da-Chu Road, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Xiao
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 33 Ba-Da-Chu Road, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China
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Sijilmassi O, López Alonso JM, Barrio Asensio MC, Del Río Sevilla A. Collagen IV and laminin-1 expression in embryonic mouse lens using principal components analysis technique. J Microsc 2018; 271:207-221. [PMID: 29702728 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Immunohistochemistry section staining is not always easy to interpret. Manual quantification of immunohistochemical staining is limited by the observer visual ability to detect changes in level staining. Hence, the quantification of immunostaining by means of digital image analysis allows us to measure accurately protein expression percentages in immunobiological stained tissues and ensures to overcome the visual limitations. We perform an experimental study to analyse the impact of folic acid (FA) deficiency into collagen IV and laminin-1 expression in the embryonic mouse lens. The study starts with microscope images of embryos mouse lens whose mothers fed a diet deficient in FA during 2 and 8 weeks. A principal component analysis (PCA) image processing is used to analyse these images coming from control and FA deficit groups. The method permits to define an index of over- or infraexpression of collagen IV and laminin-1 associated to different spatial organisation structures (PC processes). Additionally, it permits to determine in precise percentage the exact quantity of the overexpression or infraexpression and finally to comprehend molecular regionalisation and expression in both control and deficient groups. The results suggest that even with 2 weeks of deficit of FA the expression and distribution of both molecules is affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Sijilmassi
- Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Anatomy and Human Embryology Department, Universidad Complutense De Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Optics Department, Universidad Complutense De Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - J M López Alonso
- Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Optics Department, Universidad Complutense De Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - M C Barrio Asensio
- Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Anatomy and Human Embryology Department, Universidad Complutense De Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Del Río Sevilla
- Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Anatomy and Human Embryology Department, Universidad Complutense De Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Jain P, Gulati S, Toteja GS, Bakhshi S, Seth R, Pandey RM. Serum alpha tocopherol, vitamin B12, and folate levels in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors with and without neuropathy. J Child Neurol 2015; 30:786-8. [PMID: 24859786 DOI: 10.1177/0883073814535495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Various micronutrients are essential for optimal functioning of the peripheral nervous system. Serum vitamin E, vitamin B12, and folic acid were estimated in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors aged between 5 and 18 years in first continuous remission within 3 years of completion of vincristine-based chemotherapy with and without electrophysiologically defined neuropathy. A total of 80 children were studied. Neuropathy was seen in 27 (33.75%) children electrophysiologically. None of the children had vitamin E deficiency. However, the alpha tocopherol/(cholesterol + triglyceride) ratio was significantly lower in children with neuropathy (P = .05). The prevalence of folate (P = .48) and vitamin B12 (P = .21) deficiency in children with and without neuropathy was not significantly different. Thus, the prevalence of deficiencies of these micronutrients was not significantly different in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors with or without electrophysiologically defined neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Jain
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Kalawati Saran Children's Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Sheffali Gulati
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Sameer Bakhshi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. B. R. A. Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rachna Seth
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - R M Pandey
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Maestro-de-las-Casas C, Pérez-Miguelsanz J, López-Gordillo Y, Maldonado E, Partearroyo T, Varela-Moreiras G, Martínez-Álvarez C. Maternal folic acid-deficient diet causes congenital malformations in the mouse eye. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 97:587-96. [PMID: 24078476 DOI: 10.1002/bdra.23176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 07/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The eye is a very complex structure derived from the neural tube, surface ectoderm, and migratory mesenchyme from a neural crest origin. Because structures that evolve from the neural tube may be affected by a folate/folic acid (FA) deficiency, the aim of this work was to investigate whether a maternal folic acid-deficient diet may cause developmental alterations in the mouse eye. METHODS Female C57BL/6J mice (8 weeks old) were assigned into two different folic acid groups for periods ranging between 2 and 16 weeks. Animals were killed at gestation day 17. Hepatic folate was analyzed, and the eyes from 287 fetuses were macroscopically studied, sectioned and immunolabeled with anti-transforming growth factor (TGF)-β2 and anti-TGF-βRII. RESULTS Mice exposed to a FA-deficient diet exhibited numerous eye macroscopic anomalies, such as anophthalmia and microphthalmia. Microscopically, the eye was the most affected organ (43.7% of the fetuses). The highest incidence of malformations occurred from the 8th week onward. A statistically significant linear association between the number of maternal weeks on the FA-deficient diet and embryonic microscopic eye malformations was observed. The optic cup derivatives and structures forming the eye anterior segment showed severe abnormalities. In addition, TGF-β2 and TGF-βRII expression in the eye was also altered. CONCLUSION This study suggests that an adequate folic acid/folate status plays a key role in the formation of ocular tissues and structures, whereas a vitamin deficiency is negatively associated with a normal eye development even after a short-term exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Maestro-de-las-Casas
- Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología Humana I. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
The development of certain human cancers has been linked with inadequate intake of folates. The effects of folate deficiency in vivo on DNA stability (strand breakage, misincorporated uracil and oxidative base damage) in lymphocytes isolated from rats fed a diet deficient in folic acid was determined. Because the metabolic pathways of folate and other methyl donors are closely coupled, the effects of methionine and choline deficiency alone or in combination with folate deficiency were determined. Feeding male Hooded Lister rats a folate-free diet for 10 weeks created a moderate folate deficiency (25-50% (approx.) decrease in plasma, red blood cell and hepatic folate concentrations (P < 0.05) and a 20% rise in plasma homocysteine (P < 0.05)). Lymphocyte DNA strand breakage was increased successively in all groups after 4 weeks and 8 weeks on the diet (50-100% (approx.) after 8 weeks). Only low folate specifically and progressively induced uracil misincorporation throughout the study (100% (approx.) after 8 weeks). Neither folate deficiency nor choline/methionine deficiency altered oxidative DNA base damage. In summary, moderate folate deficiency in vivo is associated with a decrease in DNA stability, measured as increased DNA strand breakage and misincorporated uracil.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Duthie
- Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB21 9SB, UK
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