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González A, García-Gomez A, Zhukova V, Corte-Leon P, Ipatov M, Blanco JM, Gonzalez J, Zhukov A. Optimization of Magnetoimpedance Effect and Magnetic Properties of Fe-Rich Glass-Coated Microwires by Annealing. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:7481. [PMID: 37687937 PMCID: PMC10490706 DOI: 10.3390/s23177481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
As-prepared Fe-rich microwires with perfectly rectangular hysteresis loops present magnetization reversal through fast domain wall propagation, while the giant magnetoimpedance (GMI) effect in Fe-rich microwires is rather low. However, the lower cost of Fe-rich microwires makes them attractive for magnetic sensors applications. We studied the effect of conventional (furnace) annealing and Joule heating on magnetic-propertied domain wall (DW) dynamics and the GMI effect in two Fe microwires with different geometries. We observed that magnetic softness, GMI effect and domain wall (DW) dynamics can be substantially improved by appropriate annealing. Observed experimental results are discussed considering the counterbalance between the internal stresses relaxation and induced magnetic anisotropy associated with the presence of an Oersted magnetic field during Joule heating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro González
- Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastian, Spain; (A.G.); (A.G.-G.); (V.Z.); (P.C.-L.); (M.I.); (J.G.)
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Escuela de Ingeniería de Gipuzkoa, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
- EHU Quantum Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Alfonso García-Gomez
- Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastian, Spain; (A.G.); (A.G.-G.); (V.Z.); (P.C.-L.); (M.I.); (J.G.)
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Escuela de Ingeniería de Gipuzkoa, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
- EHU Quantum Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Valentina Zhukova
- Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastian, Spain; (A.G.); (A.G.-G.); (V.Z.); (P.C.-L.); (M.I.); (J.G.)
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Escuela de Ingeniería de Gipuzkoa, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
- EHU Quantum Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Paula Corte-Leon
- Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastian, Spain; (A.G.); (A.G.-G.); (V.Z.); (P.C.-L.); (M.I.); (J.G.)
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Escuela de Ingeniería de Gipuzkoa, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
- EHU Quantum Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Mihail Ipatov
- Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastian, Spain; (A.G.); (A.G.-G.); (V.Z.); (P.C.-L.); (M.I.); (J.G.)
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Escuela de Ingeniería de Gipuzkoa, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Juan Maria Blanco
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Escuela de Ingeniería de Gipuzkoa, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
- EHU Quantum Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Julian Gonzalez
- Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastian, Spain; (A.G.); (A.G.-G.); (V.Z.); (P.C.-L.); (M.I.); (J.G.)
- EHU Quantum Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Arcady Zhukov
- Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastian, Spain; (A.G.); (A.G.-G.); (V.Z.); (P.C.-L.); (M.I.); (J.G.)
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Escuela de Ingeniería de Gipuzkoa, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
- EHU Quantum Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
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Corte-Leon P, Zhukova V, Chizhik A, Blanco JM, Ipatov M, Gonzalez-Legarreta L, Zhukov A. Magnetic Microwires with Unique Combination of Magnetic Properties Suitable for Various Magnetic Sensor Applications. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:E7203. [PMID: 33339238 PMCID: PMC7767316 DOI: 10.3390/s20247203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
There is a pressing demand to improve the performance of cost-effective soft magnetic materials for use in high performance sensors and devices. Giant Magneto-impedance effect (GMI), or fast single domain wall (DW) propagation can be observed in properly processed magnetic microwires. In this paper we have identified the routes to obtain microwires with unique combination of magnetic properties allowing observation of fast and single DW propagation and GMI effect in the same microwire. By modifying the annealing conditions, we have found the appropriate regimes allowing achievement of the highest GMI ratio and the fastest DW dynamics. The observed experimental results are discussed considering the radial distribution of magnetic anisotropy and the correlation of GMI effect, and DW dynamics with bulk and surface magnetization processes. Studies of both Fe- and Co-rich microwires, using the magneto-optical Kerr effect, MOKE, provide information on the magnetic structure in the outer shell of microwires. We have demonstrated the existence of the spiral helical structure in both studied microwires. At the same time, torsion mechanical stresses induce helical bistability in the same microwires, which allow us to consider these microwires as materials suitable for sensors based on the large Barkhausen jump.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Corte-Leon
- Department Advanced Polymers and Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain; (P.C.-L.); (V.Z.); (A.C.); (M.I.); (L.G.-L.)
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, EIG, Basque Country University, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibersitatea, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain;
| | - Valentina Zhukova
- Department Advanced Polymers and Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain; (P.C.-L.); (V.Z.); (A.C.); (M.I.); (L.G.-L.)
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, EIG, Basque Country University, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibersitatea, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain;
| | - Alexandr Chizhik
- Department Advanced Polymers and Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain; (P.C.-L.); (V.Z.); (A.C.); (M.I.); (L.G.-L.)
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, EIG, Basque Country University, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibersitatea, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain;
| | - Juan Maria Blanco
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, EIG, Basque Country University, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibersitatea, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain;
| | - Mihail Ipatov
- Department Advanced Polymers and Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain; (P.C.-L.); (V.Z.); (A.C.); (M.I.); (L.G.-L.)
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, EIG, Basque Country University, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibersitatea, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain;
| | - Lorena Gonzalez-Legarreta
- Department Advanced Polymers and Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain; (P.C.-L.); (V.Z.); (A.C.); (M.I.); (L.G.-L.)
- Departamento QUIPRE, Inorganic Chemistry-University of Cantabria, Nanomedice-IDIVAL, Avda. de Los Castros 46, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Arcady Zhukov
- Department Advanced Polymers and Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain; (P.C.-L.); (V.Z.); (A.C.); (M.I.); (L.G.-L.)
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, EIG, Basque Country University, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibersitatea, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain;
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
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Gazda P, Szewczyk R. Novel Giant Magnetoimpedance Magnetic Field Sensor. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:s20030691. [PMID: 32012705 PMCID: PMC7038477 DOI: 10.3390/s20030691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The idea, design, and tests of the novel GMI sensor are presented, based on the compensation measurement principle, where the local ‘zero-field’ minimum of the double-peak characteristic was utilized as a sensitive null detector. The compensation field was applied in real-time with the help of microprocessor-based, two-step, quasi-Newtonian optimization. The process of material parameters optimization through Joule-annealing of chosen amorphous alloys is described. The presented results of the prototype test unit show linear output characteristic, low measurement uncertainty, and resistance against time and temperature drift.
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Zhukova V, Corte-Leon P, Ipatov M, Blanco JM, Gonzalez-Legarreta L, Zhukov A. Development of Magnetic Microwires for Magnetic Sensor Applications. Sensors (Basel) 2019; 19:E4767. [PMID: 31684037 PMCID: PMC6864710 DOI: 10.3390/s19214767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Thin magnetic wires can present excellent soft magnetic properties (with coercivities up to 4 A/m), Giant Magneto-impedance effect, GMI, or rectangular hysteresis loops combined with quite fast domain wall, DW, propagation. In this paper we overview the magnetic properties of thin magnetic wires and post-processing allowing optimization of their magnetic properties for magnetic sensor applications. We concluded that the GMI effect, magnetic softness or DW dynamics of microwires can be tailored by controlling the magnetoelastic anisotropy of as-prepared microwires or controlling their internal stresses and domain structure by appropriate thermal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Zhukova
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Químicas, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibersitatea, UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal, 3, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain.
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, EIG, Basque Country University, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibersitatea, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Paula Corte-Leon
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Químicas, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibersitatea, UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal, 3, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain.
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, EIG, Basque Country University, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibersitatea, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Mihail Ipatov
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Químicas, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibersitatea, UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal, 3, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain.
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, EIG, Basque Country University, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibersitatea, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Juan Maria Blanco
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, EIG, Basque Country University, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibersitatea, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Lorena Gonzalez-Legarreta
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Químicas, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibersitatea, UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal, 3, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain.
- Departamento QUIPRE, Inorganic Chemistry-University of Cantabria, Nanomedice-IDIVAL, Avda. de Los Castros 46, 39005 Santander, Spain.
| | - Arcady Zhukov
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Químicas, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibersitatea, UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal, 3, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain.
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, EIG, Basque Country University, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibersitatea, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain.
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Moya A, Archilla D, Navarro E, Hernando A, Marín P. Scattering of Microwaves by a Passive Array Antenna Based on Amorphous Ferromagnetic Microwires for Wireless Sensors with Biomedical Applications. Sensors (Basel) 2019; 19:E3060. [PMID: 31336739 DOI: 10.3390/s19143060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Co-based amorphous microwires presenting the giant magnetoimpedance effect are proposed as sensing elements for high sensitivity biosensors. In this work we report an experimental method for contactless detection of stress, temperature, and liquid concentration with application in medical sensors using the giant magnetoimpedance effect on microwires in the GHz range. The method is based on the scattering of electromagnetic microwaves by FeCoSiB amorphous metallic microwires. A modulation of the scattering parameter is achieved by applying a magnetic bias field that tunes the magnetic permeability of the ferromagnetic microwires. We demonstrate that the OFF/ON switching of the bias activates or cancels the amorphous ferromagnetic microwires (AFMW) antenna behavior. We show the advantages of measuring the performing time dependent frequency sweeps. In this case, the AC-bias modulation of the scattering coefficient versus frequency may be clearly appreciated. Furthermore, this modulation is enhanced by using arrays of microwires with an increasing number of individual microwires according to the antenna radiation theory. Transmission spectra show significant changes in the range of 3 dB for a relatively weak magnetic field of 15 Oe. A demonstration of the possibilities of the method for biomedical applications is shown by means of wireless temperature detector from 0 to 100 °C.
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Blyakhman FA, Buznikov NA, Sklyar TF, Safronov AP, Golubeva EV, Svalov AV, Sokolov SY, Melnikov GY, Orue I, Kurlyandskaya GV. Mechanical, Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Ferrogels with Embedded Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Obtained by Laser Target Evaporation: Focus on Multifunctional Biosensor Applications. Sensors (Basel) 2018; 18:s18030872. [PMID: 29543746 PMCID: PMC5877372 DOI: 10.3390/s18030872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels are biomimetic materials widely used in the area of biomedical engineering and biosensing. Ferrogels (FG) are magnetic composites capable of functioning as magnetic field sensitive transformers and field assisted drug deliverers. FG can be prepared by incorporating magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) into chemically crosslinked hydrogels. The properties of biomimetic ferrogels for multifunctional biosensor applications can be set up by synthesis. The properties of these biomimetic ferrogels can be thoroughly controlled in a physical experiment environment which is much less demanding than biotests. Two series of ferrogels (soft and dense) based on polyacrylamide (PAAm) with different chemical network densities were synthesized by free-radical polymerization in aqueous solution with N,N’-methylene-diacrylamide as a cross-linker and maghemite Fe2O3 MNPs fabricated by laser target evaporation as a filler. Their mechanical, electrical and magnetic properties were comparatively analyzed. We developed a giant magnetoimpedance (MI) sensor prototype with multilayered FeNi-based sensitive elements deposited onto glass or polymer substrates adapted for FG studies. The MI measurements in the initial state and in the presence of FG with different concentrations of MNPs at a frequency range of 1–300 MHz allowed a precise characterization of the stray fields of the MNPs present in the FG. We proposed an electrodynamic model to describe the MI in multilayered film with a FG layer based on the solution of linearized Maxwell equations for the electromagnetic fields coupled with the Landau-Lifshitz equation for the magnetization dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix A Blyakhman
- Ural State Medical University, Yekaterinburg 620028, Russia.
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg 620002, Russia.
| | - Nikita A Buznikov
- Scientific and Research Institute of Natural Gases and Gas Technologies-Gazprom VNIIGAZ, Razvilka Leninsky District, Moscow Region 142717, Russia.
| | - Tatyana F Sklyar
- Ural State Medical University, Yekaterinburg 620028, Russia.
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg 620002, Russia.
| | - Alexander P Safronov
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg 620002, Russia.
- Institute of Electrophysics, Ural Division RAS, Yekaterinburg 620016, Russia.
| | - Elizaveta V Golubeva
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg 620002, Russia.
| | - Andrey V Svalov
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg 620002, Russia.
| | - Sergey Yu Sokolov
- Ural State Medical University, Yekaterinburg 620028, Russia.
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg 620002, Russia.
| | - Grigory Yu Melnikov
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg 620002, Russia.
| | - Iñaki Orue
- Advanced Research Facilities (SGIKER), Universidad del País Vasco UPV-EHU, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Galina V Kurlyandskaya
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg 620002, Russia.
- Departamento de Electricidad y Electrónica and BCMaterials, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
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Safronov AP, Mikhnevich EA, Lotfollahi Z, Blyakhman FA, Sklyar TF, Larrañaga Varga A, Medvedev AI, Fernández Armas S, Kurlyandskaya GV. Polyacrylamide Ferrogels with Magnetite or Strontium Hexaferrite: Next Step in the Development of Soft Biomimetic Matter for Biosensor Applications. Sensors (Basel) 2018; 18:E257. [PMID: 29337918 DOI: 10.3390/s18010257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic biosensors are an important part of biomedical applications of magnetic materials. As the living tissue is basically a "soft matter." this study addresses the development of ferrogels (FG) with micron sized magnetic particles of magnetite and strontium hexaferrite mimicking the living tissue. The basic composition of the FG comprised the polymeric network of polyacrylamide, synthesized by free radical polymerization of monomeric acrylamide (AAm) in water solution at three levels of concentration (1.1 M, 0.85 M and 0.58 M) to provide the FG with varying elasticity. To improve FG biocompatibility and to prevent the precipitation of the particles, polysaccharide thickeners-guar gum or xanthan gum were used. The content of magnetic particles in FG varied up to 5.2 wt % depending on the FG composition. The mechanical properties of FG and their deformation in a uniform magnetic field were comparatively analyzed. FG filled with strontium hexaferrite particles have larger Young's modulus value than FG filled with magnetite particles, most likely due to the specific features of the adhesion of the network's polymeric subchains on the surface of the particles. FG networks with xanthan are stronger and have higher modulus than the FG with guar. FG based on magnetite, contract in a magnetic field 0.42 T, whereas some FG based on strontium hexaferrite swell. Weak FG with the lowest concentration of AAm shows a much stronger response to a field, as the concentration of AAm governs the Young's modulus of ferrogel. A small magnetic field magnetoimpedance sensor prototype with Co68.6Fe3.9Mo3.0Si12.0B12.5 rapidly quenched amorphous ribbon based element was designed aiming to develop a sensor working with a disposable stripe sensitive element. The proposed protocol allowed measurements of the concentration dependence of magnetic particles in gels using magnetoimpedance responses in the presence of magnetite and strontium hexaferrite ferrogels with xanthan. We have discussed the importance of magnetic history for the detection process and demonstrated the importance of remnant magnetization in the case of the gels with large magnetic particles.
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Wang T, Zhou Y, Lei C, Zhi S, Guo L, Li H, Wu Z, Xie S, Luo J, Pu H. The Disturbing Effect of the Stray Magnetic Fields on Magnetoimpedance Sensors. Sensors (Basel) 2016; 16:s16101723. [PMID: 27763498 PMCID: PMC5087510 DOI: 10.3390/s16101723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The disturbing effect of the stray magnetic fields of Fe-based amorphous ribbons on the giant magnetoimpedance (GMI) sensor has been investigated systematically in this paper. Two simple methods were used for examining the disturbing effect of the stray magnetic fields of ribbons on the GMI sensor. In order to study the influence of the stray magnetic fields on the GMI effect, the square-shaped amorphous ribbons were tested in front, at the back, on the left and on the top of a meander-line GMI sensor made up of soft ferromagnetic films, respectively. Experimental results show that the presence of ribbons in front or at the back of GMI sensor shifts the GMI curve to a lower external magnetic field. On the contrary, the presence of ribbons on the left or on the top of the GMI sensor shifts the GMI curve to a higher external magnetic field, which is related to the coupling effect of the external magnetic field and the stray magnetic fields. The influence of the area and angle of ribbons on GMI was also studied in this work. The GMI sensor exhibits high linearity for detection of the stray magnetic fields, which has made it feasible to construct a sensitive magnetometer for detecting the typical stray magnetic fields of general soft ferromagnetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- School of Mechatronics Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Yong Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication of Ministry of Education, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of electronic information and electrical engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Chong Lei
- Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication of Ministry of Education, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of electronic information and electrical engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Shaotao Zhi
- Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication of Ministry of Education, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of electronic information and electrical engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Lei Guo
- Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication of Ministry of Education, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of electronic information and electrical engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Hengyu Li
- School of Mechatronics Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Zhizheng Wu
- School of Mechatronics Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Shaorong Xie
- School of Mechatronics Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Jun Luo
- School of Mechatronics Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Huayan Pu
- School of Mechatronics Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China.
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9
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Zhang Y, Mu C, Luo C, Dong J, Liu Q, Wang J. Enhanced giant magnetoimpedance in heterogeneous nanobrush. Nanoscale Res Lett 2012; 7:506. [PMID: 22963551 PMCID: PMC3493277 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-7-506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 08/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A highly sensitive and large working range giant magnetoimpedance (GMI) effect is found in the novel nanostructure: nanobrush. The nanostructure is composed of a soft magnetic nanofilm and a nanowire array, respectively fabricated by RF magnetron sputtering and electrochemical deposition. The optimal GMI ratio of nanobrush is promoted to more than 250%, higher than the pure FeNi film and some sandwich structures at low frequency. The design of this structure is based on the vortex distribution of magnetic moments in thin film, and it can be induced by the exchange coupling effect between the interfaces of nanobrush.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Institute of Applied Magnetics, Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Congpu Mu
- Institute of Applied Magnetics, Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Caiqin Luo
- Institute of Applied Magnetics, Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Dong
- Institute of Applied Magnetics, Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingfang Liu
- Institute of Applied Magnetics, Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Institute of Applied Magnetics, Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
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Jantaratana P, Sirisathitkul C. Low-cost Sensors Based on the GMI Effect in Recycled Transformer Cores. Sensors (Basel) 2008; 8:1575-1584. [PMID: 27879781 PMCID: PMC3663012 DOI: 10.3390/s8031575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2008] [Accepted: 02/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sensors based on the giant magnetoimpedance (GMI) effect in silicon steels were constructed. Strips of silicon steels (0.500 mm-thick, 35.0 mm-long) with widths ranging from 0.122 to 1.064 mm were cut from recycled transformer cores. Since a maximum GMI ratio of 300% and a maximum field sensitivity of 1.5%/Oe were observed in a 1.064 mm-wide sample at 200 kHz, the 1.064 mm-wide strips were chosen as sensing elements in a slot key switch, angular velocity sensor, current sensor and force sensor. The sensing elements were integrated into electronic circuits and the changes in impedance were monitored. Variations in voltage due to these changes were typically small and must therefore be amplified by the electronic circuits. For the current sensor and force sensor, the variation in the voltage drop across the GMI sensing element had non-linear variations with either current or force and a conversion formula from a computer program was therefore needed. The performance of the systems was tested. These sensing systems were stable, highly sensitive, hysteresis-free and could be produced on a mass scale. Based on their GMI effect, the silicon steels are versatile alternative low-cost sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pongsakorn Jantaratana
- Magnet Laboratory, Molecular Technology Research Unit, School of Science, Walailak University, Thasala District, Nakon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand.
| | - Chitnarong Sirisathitkul
- Magnet Laboratory, Molecular Technology Research Unit, School of Science, Walailak University, Thasala District, Nakon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand.
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