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Kungsuwan K, Sawangrat C, Ounjaijean S, Chaipoot S, Phongphisutthinant R, Wiriyacharee P. Enhancing Bioactivity and Conjugation in Green Coffee Bean ( Coffea arabica) Extract through Cold Plasma Treatment: Insights into Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic-Protein Conjugates. Molecules 2023; 28:7066. [PMID: 37894545 PMCID: PMC10609076 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold plasma technology is gaining attention as a promising approach to enhancing the bioactivity of plant extracts. However, its impact on green coffee bean extracts (GCBEs) still needs to be explored. In this study, an innovative underwater plasma jet system was employed to investigate the effects of cold plasma on Coffea arabica GCBEs, focusing on the conjugation reflected by the change in composition and bioactivity. The DPPH radical scavenging antioxidant activity exhibited a gradual increase with plasma treatment up to 35 min, followed by a decline. Remarkably, at 35 min, the plasma treatment resulted in a significant 66% increase in the DPPH radical scavenging activity of the GCBE. The total phenolic compound content also displayed a similar increasing trend to the DPPH radical scavenging activity. However, the phenolic profile analysis indicated a significant decrease in chlorogenic acids and caffeine. Furthermore, the chemical composition analysis revealed a decrease in free amino acids, while sucrose remained unchanged. Additionally, the SDS-PAGE results suggested a slight increase in protein size. The observed enhancement in antioxidant activity, despite the reduction in the two major antioxidants in the GCBE, along with the increase in protein size, might suggest the occurrence of conjugation processes induced by plasma, particularly involving proteins and phenolic compounds. Notably, the plasma treatment exhibited no adverse effects on the extract's safety, as confirmed by the MTT assay. These findings indicate that cold plasma treatment holds significant promise in improving the functional properties of GCBE while ensuring its safety. Incorporating cold plasma technology into the processing of natural extracts may offer exciting opportunities for developing novel and potent antioxidant-rich products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuntapas Kungsuwan
- Division of Product Development Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand;
| | - Choncharoen Sawangrat
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Agriculture and Bio Plasma Technology Center (ABPlas), Thai Korean Research Collaboration Center (TKRCC), Science and Technology Park, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Sakaewan Ounjaijean
- School of Health Sciences Research, Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Supakit Chaipoot
- Multidisciplinary Research Institute (MDRI), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Center of Excellent in Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Rewat Phongphisutthinant
- Multidisciplinary Research Institute (MDRI), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Center of Excellent in Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Pairote Wiriyacharee
- Division of Product Development Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand;
- Multidisciplinary Research Institute (MDRI), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Center of Excellent in Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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Rosliuk D, Jakstas V, Ivanauskas L, Liudvinaviciute D, Coma V, Rutkaite R. Investigation of Bioactive Complexes of Chitosan and Green Coffee Bean or Artichoke Extracts. Molecules 2023; 28:5356. [PMID: 37513230 PMCID: PMC10385370 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of water-insoluble complexes between chitosan (ChS) and caffeoylquinic acid (CQ) derivatives present in artichoke (AE) and green coffee bean (GCBE) extracts was investigated by the equilibrium adsorption method. The UPLC/HPLC analysis revealed that the phenolic compounds accounted for 8.1% and 74.6% of AE and GCBE respectively, and CQ derivatives were the predominant compounds. According to the applied Langmuir adsorption model, anionic compounds present in natural extracts were adsorbed onto the active centers of ChS, i.e., primary amino groups. The driving forces of adsorption were electrostatic interactions between cationic groups of ChS and anionic compounds of natural extracts. Chromatographic analysis revealed that not only CQ derivatives, but also other phenolic compounds of natural extracts were attached to ChS. The release of adsorbed compounds into different media as well as the bioactive properties of complexes were also studied. With the immobilization of bioactives onto ChS, increased and prolonged ABTS•+ radical scavenging activity and decreased antifungal activity against Fusarium graminearum and Botrytis cinerea were observed compared to those of ChS. The findings of the current study highlight that the adsorption approach could be used to successfully prepare water-insoluble complexes of ChS and components of natural extracts with prolonged antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deimante Rosliuk
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu Rd. 19, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Valdas Jakstas
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu Ave. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu Ave. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Liudas Ivanauskas
- Department of Analytical and Toxicological Chemistry, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu Ave. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dovile Liudvinaviciute
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu Rd. 19, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Veronique Coma
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, UMR 5629, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Ramune Rutkaite
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu Rd. 19, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
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Panyathep A, Punturee K, Chewonarin T. Inhibitory Effects of Chlorogenic Acid Containing Green Coffee Bean Extract on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Responses and Progression of Colon Cancer Cell Line. Foods 2023; 12:2648. [PMID: 37509740 PMCID: PMC10378980 DOI: 10.3390/foods12142648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
An inflammatory response, related to colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, is a major subsequent result of bacterial infection following CRC surgery and should be of serious concern. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), from the bacterial membrane, is a vital mediator of this event through binding with a Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and activating through NF-κB in CRC. To identify a novel inhibitor of LPS-induced colon cancer cells (SW480), green coffee bean extract (GBE) was investigated. Ethyl acetate insoluble fraction (EIF) was mainly collected from GBE and classified as chlorogenic acid (CGA)-rich fractions. EIF and CGA inhibited TLR4 expression in LPS-induced SW480 cells. However, EIF was more dominant than CGA, via inhibition of expression and secretion of several associated mediators in inflammatory responses and CRC metastasis through NF-κB inactivation, which resulted in the abrogation of CRC migration and invasion. Thus, CGA-rich fraction from GBE can be further developed as an alternative treatment, coupled with CRC surgical treatment, to increase therapeutic efficiency and survival rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atita Panyathep
- School of Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Khanittha Punturee
- Cancer Research Unit of Associated Medical Sciences (AMS-CRU), Faculties of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Teera Chewonarin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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Abbass MMS, El-Baz DAH. The effect of daily intake of green coffee bean extract as compared to Agiolax® on the alveolar bone of albino rats. Dent Med Probl 2018; 55:125-131. [PMID: 30152614 DOI: 10.17219/dmp/90983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a worldwide medical problem in which excess body fat is accumulated in the body. The use of weight loss supplements such as green coffee bean extract and Agiolax has become a common trend among people who want to lose weight in a fast and non-tiring way. As a result of their effect on fluid excretion, both of these products may be expected to have a damaging effect on the alveolar bone. OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to evaluate the histopathalogical effect of green coffee bean extract as compared to Agiolax on the alveolar bone of albino rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-seven adult male albino rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups. Nine received distilled water daily for 2 months by oral gavage (the control group); the other 2 groups received 1 mg/100 g body weight green coffee bean extract or Agiolax 8 mg/100 g body weight daily for 2 months by oral gavage (the GC and Ag groups, respectively). The alveolar bones were dissected and examined histologically, histomorphometrically and by western blotting. RESULTS The bone area percentage and the calcium level in serum were significantly decreased in the GC and Ag groups, while the calcium level in urine was significantly increased in both the experimental groups as compared to the control group. On the other hand, RANKL expression was significantly increased only in the GC group, and the tissue calcium (Ca) level was significantly decreased only in the GC group as compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS Long-term oral administration of green coffee bean extract and Agiolax might lead to alveolar bone loss. A greater deleterious effect was caused by green coffee bean extract, as it caused more RANKL expression, significantly reduced Ca level in the tissue and consequently decreased the bone area percentage.
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Stohs SJ, Kaats GR, Preuss HG. Safety and Efficacy of Banaba-Moringa oleifera- Green Coffee Bean Extracts and Vitamin D3 in a Sustained Release Weight Management Supplement. Phytother Res 2016; 30:681-8. [PMID: 26871553 PMCID: PMC5067667 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This 60‐day, 30‐subject pilot study examined a novel combination of ingredients in a unique sustained release (Carbopol matrix) tablet consumed twice daily. The product was composed of extracts of banaba leaf, green coffee bean, and Moringa oleifera leaf and vitamin D3. Safety was assessed using a 45‐measurement blood chemistry panel, an 86‐item self‐reported Quality of Life Inventory, bone mineral density, and cardiovascular changes. Efficacy was assessed by calculating a body composition improvement index (BCI) based on changes in dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry measured fat mass (FM) and fat‐free mass (FFM) as well as between the study group (SG) and a historical placebo group. No changes occurred in any blood chemistry measurements. Positive changes were found in the Quality of Life (QOL) inventory composite scores. No adverse effects were observed. Decreases occurred in FM (p = 0.004) and increases in FFM (p = 0.009). Relative to the historical placebo group, the SG lost more FM (p < 0.0001), gained more FFM (p = <0.0001), and had a negative BCI of −2.7 lb. compared with a positive BCI in the SG of 3.4 lb., a 6.1 discordance (p = 0.0009). The data support the safety and efficacy of this unique product and demonstrate importance of using changes in body composition versus scale weight and BMI. © 2016 The Authors Phytotherapy Research Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidney J Stohs
- Creighton University, 7068 Maumee Valley Court, Frisco, TX, 75034, USA
| | - Gilbert R Kaats
- Integrative Health Technologies, Inc., 5170 Broadway, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Harry G Preuss
- Department of Biochemistry, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
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Bharath N, Sowmya NK, Mehta DS. Determination of antibacterial activity of green coffee bean extract on periodontogenic bacteria like Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans: An in vitro study. Contemp Clin Dent 2015; 6:166-9. [PMID: 26097349 PMCID: PMC4456736 DOI: 10.4103/0976-237x.156036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of pure green coffee bean extract on periodonto pathogenic bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Prevotella intermedia (Pi), Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa). MATERIALS AND METHODS Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were used to assess the antibacterial effect of pure green coffee bean extract against periodonto pathogenic bacteria by micro dilution method and culture method, respectively. RESULTS MIC values of Pg, Pi and Aa were 0.2 μg/ml whereas Fn showed sensitive at concentration of 3.125 μg/ml. MBC values mirrors the values same as that of MIC. CONCLUSION Antimicrobial activity of pure green coffee bean extract against Pg, Pi, Fn and Aa suggests that it could be recommended as an adjunct to mechanical therapy in the management of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagaraj Bharath
- Department of Periodontics, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Dhoom Singh Mehta
- Department of Periodontics, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere, Karnataka, India
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Vinson JA, Burnham BR, Nagendran MV. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, linear dose, crossover study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a green coffee bean extract in overweight subjects. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2012; 5:21-7. [PMID: 22291473 PMCID: PMC3267522 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s27665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult weight gain and obesity have become worldwide problems. Issues of cost and potential side effects of prescription weight loss drugs have led overweight and obese adults to try nutraceuticals that may aid weight loss. One promising nutraceutical is green coffee extract, which contains high concentrations of chlorogenic acids that are known to have health benefits and to influence glucose and fat metabolism. A 22-week crossover study was conducted to examine the efficacy and safety of a commercial green coffee extract product GCA™ at reducing weight and body mass in 16 overweight adults. METHODS Subjects received high-dose GCA (1050 mg), low-dose GCA (700 mg), or placebo in separate six-week treatment periods followed by two-week washout periods to reduce any influence of preceding treatment. Treatments were counterbalanced between subjects. Primary measurements were body weight, body mass index, and percent body fat. Heart rate and blood pressure were also measured. RESULTS Significant reductions were observed in body weight (-8.04 ± 2.31 kg), body mass index (-2.92 ± 0.85 kg/m(2)), and percent body fat (-4.44% ± 2.00%), as well as a small decrease in heart rate (-2.56 ± 2.85 beats per minute), but with no significant changes to diet over the course of the study. Importantly, the decreases occurred when subjects were taking GCA. Body mass index for six subjects shifted from preobesity to the normal weight range (<25.00 kg/m(2)). CONCLUSION The results are consistent with human and animal studies and a meta-analysis of the efficacy of green coffee extract in weight loss. The results suggest that GCA may be an effective nutraceutical in reducing weight in preobese adults, and may be an inexpensive means of preventing obesity in overweight adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe A Vinson
- Chemistry Department, University of Scranton, Scranton, PA, USA
| | - Bryan R Burnham
- Psychology Department, University of Scranton, Scranton, PA, USA
| | - Mysore V Nagendran
- Health Sciences Clinic, Bangalore, India
- Correspondence: MV Nagendran, D 503, Adarsh Residency, 47th Cross, 8th Block, Jayanagar, Bangalore, India 560042, Tel +91 98 4501 0682, Fax +91 80 2656 3995, Email
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