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Al Saedi A, Sharma S, Bani Hassan E, Chen L, Ghasem-Zadeh A, Hassanzadeganroudsari M, Gooi JH, Stavely R, Eri R, Miao D, Nurgali K, Duque G. Characterization of Skeletal Phenotype and Associated Mechanisms With Chronic Intestinal Inflammation in the Winnie Mouse Model of Spontaneous Chronic Colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2022; 28:259-272. [PMID: 34347076 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izab174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a common extraintestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, studies have been scarce, mainly because of the lack of an appropriate animal model of colitis-associated bone loss. In this study, we aimed to decipher skeletal manifestations in the Winnie mouse model of spontaneous chronic colitis, which carries a MUC2 gene mutation and closely replicates ulcerative colitis. In our study, Winnie mice, prior to the colitis onset at 6 weeks old and progression at 14 and 24 weeks old, were compared with age-matched C57BL/6 controls. We studied several possible mechanisms involved in colitis-associated bone loss. METHODS We assessed for bone quality (eg, microcomputed tomography [micro-CT], static and dynamic histomorphometry, 3-point bending, and ex vivo bone marrow analysis) and associated mechanisms (eg, electrochemical recordings for gut-derived serotonin levels, real-time polymerase chain reaction [qRT-PCR], double immunofluorescence microscopy, intestinal inflammation levels by lipocalin-2 assay, serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D) from Winnie (6-24 weeks) and age-matched C57BL6 mice. RESULTS Deterioration in trabecular and cortical bone microarchitecture, reductions in bone formation, mineral apposition rate, bone volume/total volume, osteoid volume/bone surface, and bone strength were observed in Winnie mice compared with controls. Decreased osteoblast and increased osteoclast numbers were prominent in Winnie mice compared with controls. Upregulation of 5-HTR1B gene and increased association of FOXO1 with ATF4 complex were identified as associated mechanisms concomitant to overt inflammation and high levels of gut-derived serotonin in 14-week and 24-week Winnie mice. CONCLUSIONS Skeletal phenotype of the Winnie mouse model of spontaneous chronic colitis closely represents manifestations of IBD-associated osteoporosis/osteopenia. The onset and progression of intestinal inflammation are associated with increased gut-derived serotonin level, increased bone resorption, and decreased bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al Saedi
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shilpa Sharma
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ebrahim Bani Hassan
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lulu Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ali Ghasem-Zadeh
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Departments of Medicine and Endocrinology, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Jonathan H Gooi
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rhian Stavely
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Pediatric Surgery Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rajaraman Eri
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - Dengshun Miao
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Calcium Research Laboratory, McGill University Health Centre and Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kulmira Nurgali
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Gustavo Duque
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Mor A, Pawlak K, Kalaska B, Domaniewski T, Sieklucka B, Zieminska M, Cylwik B, Pawlak D. Modulation of the Paracrine Kynurenic System in Bone as a New Regulator of Osteoblastogenesis and Bone Mineral Status in an Animal Model of Chronic Kidney Disease Treated with LP533401. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5979. [PMID: 32825192 PMCID: PMC7503245 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21175979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An increase in the peripheral synthesis of serotonin and kynurenine, observed during the chronic kidney disease (CKD) course, is negatively associated with bone health. Serotonin and kynurenine are connected by the common precursor, tryptophan. LP533401 is an inhibitor of peripheral serotonin synthesis. This study aimed to establish if the inhibition of serotonin synthesis by LP533401 may affect the kynurenine pathway activity in bone tissue and its potential consequence with regard to osteogenesis and bone mineral status. Nephrectomized rats were treated with LP533401 at a dose of 30 and 100 mg/kg daily for eight weeks. Tryptophan and kynurenine concentrations were determined, and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) expression was assessed. We discovered the presence of a TDO-dependent, paracrine kynurenic system in the bone of rats with CKD. Its modulation during LP533401 treatment was associated with impaired bone mineral status. Changes in TDO expression affecting the kynurenine pathway activity were related to the imbalance between peripheral serotonin and 25-hydroxyvitamin D. There were also close associations between the expression of genes participating in osteoblastogenesis and activation of the kynurenine pathway in the bones of LP53301-treated rats. Our results represent the next step in studying the role of tryptophan metabolites in renal osteodystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Mor
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (A.M.); (B.K.); (B.S.)
| | - Krystyna Pawlak
- Department of Monitored Pharmacotherapy, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (K.P.); (T.D.); (M.Z.)
| | - Bartlomiej Kalaska
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (A.M.); (B.K.); (B.S.)
| | - Tomasz Domaniewski
- Department of Monitored Pharmacotherapy, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (K.P.); (T.D.); (M.Z.)
| | - Beata Sieklucka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (A.M.); (B.K.); (B.S.)
| | - Marta Zieminska
- Department of Monitored Pharmacotherapy, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (K.P.); (T.D.); (M.Z.)
| | - Bogdan Cylwik
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 17, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Dariusz Pawlak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (A.M.); (B.K.); (B.S.)
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Wang L, Fan X, Han J, Cai M, Wang X, Wang Y, Shang J. Gut-Derived Serotonin Contributes to the Progression of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis via the Liver HTR2A/PPARγ2 Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:553. [PMID: 32477107 PMCID: PMC7240039 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The precipitous increase in occurrence of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a serious threat to public health worldwide. The pathogenesis of NASH has not yet been thoroughly studied. We aimed to elucidate the interplay between serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) and NASH. The serum 5-HT levels in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and a rat fed with high fat-sucrose diet (HFSD) were evaluated using liquid chromatography-hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF MS)/MS. The peripheral Tph1 inhibitor, LP533401, and a tryptophan (TRP)-free diet were administered to rats with NASH, induced by HFSD. BRL-3A cells were treated with 1 mM free fatty acids (FFAs) and/or 50 μM 5-HT, and then small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting the 5-HT2A receptor (HTR2A) and the PPARγ pharmaceutical agonist, pioglitazone, were applied. We found a marked correlation between 5-HT and NASH. The absence of 5-HT, through the pharmaceutical blockade of Tph1 (LP533401) and dietary control (TRP-free diet), suppressed hepatic lipid load and the expression of inflammatory factors (Tnfα, Il6, and Mcp-1). In BRL-3A cells, 50 μM 5-HT induced lipid accumulation and upregulated the expression of lipogenesis-ralated genes (Fas, Cd36, and Plin2) and the inflammatory response. Specifically, HTR2A knockdown and evaluation of PPARγ agonist activity revealed that HTR2A promoted hepatic steatosis and inflammation by activating PPARγ2. These results suggested that duodenal 5-HT was a risk factor in the pathological progression of NASH. Correspondingly, it may represent an attractive therapeutic target for preventing the development of NASH via the regulation of the HTR2A/PPARγ2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Division of Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangcheng Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jichun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Minxuan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaozhong Wang
- Department of Hepatology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Pawlak D, Domaniewski T, Znorko B, Pawlak K. The use of LP533401 as a therapeutic option for renal osteodystrophy affects, renal calcium handling, vitamin D metabolism, and bone health in uremic rats. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2019; 23:353-364. [PMID: 30801205 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2019.1586883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Klotho is a key regulator of phosphate and Ca2+-transport in the kidney. Recently, we showed that treatment with LP533401 improved bone health in rats with chronic kidney disease (CKD) via the normalization of serum phosphate resulting from the reduced renal expression of phosphate cotransporters, including Klotho. METHODS We evaluated the effect of LP533401 therapy on Klotho-expression-dependent Ca2+-transporters, renal calcium handling, and the potential consequences for the bone of uremic rats. RESULTS Treatment with LP533401 and its vehicle resulted in the inhibition of transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor subtypes 5 and 6 (TRPV5, TRPV6) and calbindin (CaBP-28k, CaBP-9k) expression. The compensatory acceleration in renal expression of Na+/Ca2+-exchanger, 25-hydroxyvitamin d-1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1), the intensification of vitamin D metabolism, and disruption of sophisticated balance between 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-serotonin was observed, especially in rats treated with LP533401. The imbalance between 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-serotonin levels led to intensified bone remodeling and improvement in bone geometry, mineral status, and strength in animals treated with LP533401. CONCLUSION The modulation of circulating serotonin and its relation to other regulators of calcium handling can play an important role in calcium homeostasis and bone integrity in CKD rats treated with LP533401.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Pawlak
- a Department of Pharmacodynamics , Medical University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland
| | - Tomasz Domaniewski
- b Department of Monitored Pharmacotherapy , Medical University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland
| | - Beata Znorko
- b Department of Monitored Pharmacotherapy , Medical University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland
| | - Krystyna Pawlak
- b Department of Monitored Pharmacotherapy , Medical University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland
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