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Zhang F, Han Y, Wang H, Li Y, Tang D. Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on motor learning in healthy elderly individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Somatosens Mot Res 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38319133 DOI: 10.1080/08990220.2024.2310851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is widely used in motor recovery. Nevertheless, whether tDCS improves motor learning in healthy older adults is still controversial. This review aims to investigate the effectiveness of tDCS on motor learning in healthy elderly individuals. METHODS The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Embase databases were initially searched from inception to December 5, 2022. The standard mean difference (SMD) with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were analysed via random-effect models. RESULTS Compared with the sham group, no significant effects were found regarding improvement in motor learning based on the speed or accuracy of the task and reaction time for the tDCS intervention group. After subgroup analysis, a significant effect was found for improved motor learning based on reaction time in the primary motor cortex (M1)-cerebellar group. CONCLUSIONS This review revealed that tDCS had no significant effect on improving the speed or accuracy of motor learning in healthy elderly adults. However, it has a significant effect on improving the motor learning ability based on the reaction time of the task (mainly referring to the tDCS stimulation position of M1 and cerebellar), although the results have obvious heterogeneity and uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fusheng Zhang
- College of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- School of Physical Education, Zhaotong University, Zhaotong, China
| | - Yanbai Han
- College of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Hongli Wang
- College of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Yong Li
- College of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Dingyu Tang
- School of Physical Education, Zhaotong University, Zhaotong, China
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Nedović N, Eminović F, Marković V, Stanković I, Radovanović S. Gait Characteristics during Dual-Task Walking in Elderly Subjects of Different Ages. Brain Sci 2024; 14:148. [PMID: 38391723 PMCID: PMC10886897 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14020148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In older age, walking ability gradually decreases due to factors including impaired balance, reduced muscle strength, and impaired vision and proprioception. Further, cognitive functions play a key role during walking and gradually decline with age. There is greater variability in gait parameters when the demands during walking increase, in dual- and multiple-task situations. The aim of this study was to analyze gait parameters while performing a demanding cognitive and motor dual task in three different age-related healthy elderly subject groups. METHOD A total of 132 healthy individuals (54 males, 78 females) were divided into three groups-55 to 65, 66 to 75, and 76 to 85 years. The subjects performed a basic walking task, dual motor task, dual mental task, and combined motor and mental task while walking. The gait parameters cycle time, stride length, swing time, and double support time were noted, as well as the variability of those parameters. RESULTS Cycle time was longer and stride length was shorter in the >76-year-old group than in the 51-65-year-old group in all test conditions. A comparison of all three groups did not show a significant difference in swing time, while double support time was increased in the same group. CONCLUSIONS Changes are observed when gait is performed simultaneously with an additional motor or cognitive task. Early detection of gait disorders can help identify elderly people at increased risk of falls. Employing a dual-task paradigm during gait assessment in healthy elderly subjects may help identify cognitive impairment early in the course of the disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nenad Nedović
- College of Health Sciences, Academy of Applied Studies Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Fadilj Eminović
- Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladana Marković
- Neurology Clinic, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Iva Stanković
- Neurology Clinic, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Saša Radovanović
- Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Stonsaovapak C, Sangveraphunsiri V, Jitpugdee W, Piravej K. Telerehabilitation in Older Thai Community-Dwelling Adults. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12122029. [PMID: 36556393 PMCID: PMC9785691 DOI: 10.3390/life12122029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the impact on physical performance and walking abilities associated with fall risk and disability in the senior population, we created a telerehabilitation system. This is a multi-site, community setting, pre−post experimental study. We recruited participants from four rural areas in Thailand. All participants received eight weeks of tele-exercise, three sessions per week, via the telerehabilitation system. After the intervention, all participants underwent the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, and the six-minute walk test (6MWT) using a wearable sensor system. A total of 123 participants participated in the study and 2 participants dropped out while conducting the study, thus 121 participants were included in the analysis. In comparison to the baseline, we discovered a considerable improvement in the SPPB score (0.65 ± 0.22, p < 0.001), TUG (−1.70 ± 0.86, p < 0.001), and 6MWT (10.23 ± 7.33, p = 0.007). Our study demonstrates the benefits of telerehabilitation on SPPB, TUG, and 6MWT related to disabilities and fall risk. This telerehabilitation technology demonstrated its viability in the community environment and demonstrated its capacity to offer fundamental components of remote rehabilitation services within the healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chernkhuan Stonsaovapak
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Viboon Sangveraphunsiri
- International School of Engineering Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Weerachai Jitpugdee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Krisna Piravej
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Correspondence: or
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Katsumi R, Sato T, Mochizuki T, Watanabe S, Tanifuji O, Kawashima H. Influence of posterior tibial slope on three-dimensional femorotibial alignment under weight-bearing conditions in healthy Japanese elderly people. Biomed Mater Eng 2021; 32:183-194. [PMID: 33967036 DOI: 10.3233/bme-201209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessment of three-dimensional (3D) femorotibial alignment is essential for successful knee osteoarthritis treatment in the elderly. The complex morphology of the posterior tibial slope (PTS) might have an influence on sagittal and rotational alignment and the positional relationship between the femur and tibia in the anterior-posterior (AP) direction under weight-bearing conditions. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to clarify the association between the PTS and 3D femorotibial alignment under weight-bearing conditions in healthy Japanese elderly individuals. METHODS We investigated the 3D femorotibial alignment of 110 lower extremities of 55 healthy individuals (26 women, 29 men, mean age: 70 ± 6 years). Using our previously reported 3D-to-2D image registration technique, we evaluated the 3D hip-knee-ankle angle (3DHKA) in the sagittal plane, rotational alignment, and the distance between the femoral and tibial origins in the AP direction (tibial AP position) as femorotibial alignment parameters under weight-bearing conditions. We assessed the medial and lateral PTS and their angular difference (PTS difference) as PTS parameters. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was performed using PTS parameters and other possible confounders (age, sex, height, and weight) as the independent variables and femorotibial alignment parameters as the dependent variable. RESULTS Weight (𝛽 = 0.393, p < 0.001) and lateral PTS (𝛽 = 0.298, p < 0.001) were the predictors associated with 3DHKA in the sagittal plane. Lateral PTS (𝛽 = 0.304, p = 0.001) was the only predictor associated with the tibial AP position. Sex (𝛽 = -0.282, p = 0.002) and PTS difference (𝛽 = -0.231, p = 0.012) were associated with rotational alignment. CONCLUSIONS We found that a steeper lateral PTS resulted in a more flexed knee and anterior tibia. The PTS difference was positively correlated with tibial external rotation. Our data could be used as the standard reference for realignment surgery to ensure PTS is appropriately maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Katsumi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Niigata Medical Center, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takashi Sato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Niigata Medical Center, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Mochizuki
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata, Japan
| | - Satoshi Watanabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Niigata Medical Center, Niigata, Japan
| | - Osamu Tanifuji
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kawashima
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata, Japan
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Mochizuki T, Sato T, Katsumi R. Association between the toe angle and bony factors in the transverse plane for osteoarthritic knees compared with healthy knees. Biomed Mater Eng 2021; 32:359-373. [PMID: 34250927 DOI: 10.3233/bme-211245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between the toe angle and bony rotational factors is critical to explain issues related to the onset and progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA). OBJECTIVE The study aimed to clarify the association between the toe angle and each of the femoral and tibial transvers direction relative to gait direction, rotational knee alignment, and bony torsional deformity for the subjects with knee OA. METHODS This study evaluated 58 knees in 24 healthy elderly (72 ± 5 years) and 34 varus knee OA (72 ± 6 years). A three-dimensional (3D) assessment system was used on 3D models and biplanar long-leg radiographs with the toe angle reflecting gait direction, applying a 3D-to-2D image registration technique. The main parameters on the transverse plane were: (1) toe angle, (2) transverse direction of the femur and tibia relative to the gait direction, (3) femoral neck anteversion, (4) condylar twist angle, (5) tibial torsion, and (6) rotational knee alignment. RESULTS The alignment parameters, except for the tibial transverse direction, were different between healthy and osteoarthritic knees. In knee OA, the femoral neck anteversion - femoral transverse direction (p = 0.001), femoral transverse direction - tibial transverse direction (p < 0.001), and tibial transverse direction - toe angle (p < 0.001) were associated. CONCLUSIONS The osteoarthritic knees showed that the femoral neck anteversion was associated with the femoral transverse direction, which determined the tibial transverse direction by adjusting the rotational knee alignment, leading to the toe angle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoharu Mochizuki
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takashi Sato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Niigata Medical Center, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ryota Katsumi
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata, Japan
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Yu Z, Wu X, Jiang R, Chen Y, Shen Y, Li C, Feng W. Feasibility and Engagement of Multi-domain Cognitive Training in Community-Dwelling Healthy Elderly in Shanghai. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:781050. [PMID: 35153853 PMCID: PMC8826872 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.781050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, cognitive training has been one of the important non-pharmaceutical treatment methods that could delay cognitive decline and improve quality of life in the elderly. In different types of cognitive training, both the cognitive domains focused on and their training methods widely vary. This study aimed to explore the feasibility and engagement of multidomain cognitive training in Chinese community-dwelling healthy elderly. METHODS Based on the cluster sampling method, a total of 151 healthy elderly, aged 70 or above, who lived in the neighborhoods in Shanghai met the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate in the study. Among them, 90 participants were assigned to the cognitive training group (intervention group), and 61 were assigned to the no cognitive training group (control group). Participants in the intervention group attended a 1-h multidomain cognitive training course twice a week for 12 weeks (total of 24 times), which targeted memory, reasoning, strategy-based problem-solving skills, etc. The control group did not receive any intervention. RESULTS There was a significant increase in test scores of story recall (t = -8.61, p = 0.00) and Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices (RSPM) (t = -10.60, p = 0.00) after in-class interventions. The overall completion of homework was 77.78%. Fifty percent of the 90 participants completed self-training. The top three self-training methods were physical exercise, reading books and newspapers, and watching TV. The overall attendance rate of the intervention group was 76.14%, and more than 50% of them had an attendance rate of 77.8%. The attendance rate was positively correlated with years of education and baseline SF-36 (physical functioning, general health, vitality, and mental health) scores, whereas it was negatively correlated with baseline disease index and fatalism of personality indicators (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The elderly with higher educational levels and better physical and psychological conditions had a higher engagement in multidomain cognitive training. The training course proved to be rational, feasible, and effective for community-scale application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Yu
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai (Huashan Hospital Fudan University Jing'an Branch), Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Jiang
- Qingdao Mental Health Center, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - You Chen
- Shanghai Yangpu District Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Shen
- Department of Psychiatry, Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunbo Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Sant'Ana LDO, Machado S, Ribeiro AADS, Dos Reis NR, Campos YDAC, da Silva JGV, Scartoni FR, Brown AF, Monteiro ER, Novaes JDS, Vianna JM, Budde H. Effects of Cardiovascular Interval Training in Healthy Elderly Subjects: A Systematic Review. Front Physiol 2020; 11:739. [PMID: 32848808 PMCID: PMC7412615 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review is to demonstrate the effects of cardiovascular interval training (IT) on healthy elderly subjects. We used the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The following variables were observed: resting heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MBP), heart rate variability (HRV), baroreflex activity (BA), and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). Studies were searched for in the MedLine, PubMed, and Sport Discus databases considering publications between 1990 and 2019. To find the studies, the keywords used were “Interval and Elderly Training” or “Interval Training and Baroreflex Sensing” or “Interval Training and Aging and Pressure Arterial and Blood Pressure Training” or “Interval Training and Variation in Aging and Heart Rate” or “Interval Training and Sensitivity to the Elderly and Baroreflex” or “Interval Training and Variability in the Elderly and Heart Rate.” The systematic search identified 1,140 hits. The analysis of the study was performed through a critical review of the content. One thousand one hundred forty articles were identified. Of these, 1,108 articles were excluded by checking the articles and abstracts. Finally, 32 studies were selected for full reading while 26 studies were eliminated because they did not contain a methodology according to the purpose of this review. Thus, six studies were included for the final analysis. The PEDro score was used for analyzing the study quality and found 4,8 ± 1,3 points (range: 3–6). Positive results were found with the different IT protocols in the observed variables. Results show that IT protocols can be an efficient method for functional improvement of cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory variables in the healthy elderly, especially HR, SBP, DBP, MAP, HRV, BA, and VO2max. However, this method can be included in the prescription of aerobic training for the elderly to obtain conditional improvements in the cardiovascular system, thus being an important clinical intervention for the public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro de Oliveira Sant'Ana
- Post Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil.,Sport and Exercise Science Laboratory, Catholic University of Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Machado
- Laboratory of Physical Activity Neuroscience, Salgado de Oliveira University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Amanda Fernandes Brown
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Estêvão Rios Monteiro
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jefferson da Silva Novaes
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jeferson Macedo Vianna
- Post Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Henning Budde
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Medical School Hamburg, University of Applied Science and Medical University, Hamburg, Germany
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Klimova B, Slaninova G, Prazak P, Kacetl J, Valis M. Enhancing Cognitive Performance of Healthy Czech Seniors through Non-Native Language Learning-A Mixed-Methods Pilot Study. Brain Sci 2020; 10:E573. [PMID: 32825337 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10090573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this article is to discuss the effect of learning a non-native language on the enhancement of cognitive performance in healthy native Czech elderly. In addition, special emphasis is put on the qualitative assessment. To do this, 42 Czech cognitively unimpaired seniors were enrolled into the study. These were then divided into an experimental group (i.e., 20 healthy elderly studied English as a non-native language for three months) and a passive control group (22 healthy elderly, who did not undergo any non-native language intervention). The main outcome measures included the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, statistical processing of the data, and a qualitative content analysis. The results indicate that the cognitive performance of the intervention group did not differ from the control group. Therefore, no cognitive enhancement through non-native language learning was achieved. However, the findings of the qualitative analysis show that such non-native language learning with the peers of the same age is especially beneficial for the overall well-being of healthy seniors, especially as far as their social networks are concerned. Furthermore, participant's subjective feelings from their self-reports indicate that foreign language learning also contributes to acquiring new English words and phrases. However, as there are very few empirical studies on this research topic, further research is needed in order to confirm or refute the present research findings on the enhancement of cognitive performance through non-native language learning in healthy seniors.
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Lacaze P, Sebra R, Riaz M, Tiller J, Revote J, Phung J, Parker EJ, Orchard SG, Lockery JE, Wolfe R, Strahl M, Wang YC, Chen R, Sisco D, Arnold T, Thompson BA, Buchanan DD, Macrae FA, James PA, Abhayaratna WP, Lockett TJ, Gibbs P, Tonkin AM, Nelson MR, Reid CM, Woods RL, Murray AM, Winship I, McNeil JJ, Schadt E. Medically actionable pathogenic variants in a population of 13,131 healthy elderly individuals. Genet Med 2020; 22:1883-6. [PMID: 32606442 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-020-0881-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To measure the prevalence of medically actionable pathogenic variants (PVs) among a population of healthy elderly individuals. METHODS We used targeted sequencing to detect pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in 55 genes associated with autosomal dominant medically actionable conditions, among a population of 13,131 individuals aged 70 or older (mean age 75 years) enrolled in the ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) trial. Participants had no previous diagnosis or current symptoms of cardiovascular disease, physical disability or dementia, and no current diagnosis of life-threatening cancer. Variant curation followed American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics/Association for Molecular Pathology (ACMG/AMP) standards. RESULTS One in 75 (1.3%) healthy elderly individuals carried a PV. This was lower than rates reported from population-based studies, which have ranged from 1.8% to 3.4%. We detected 20 PV carriers for Lynch syndrome (MSH6/MLH1/MSH2/PMS2) and 13 for familial hypercholesterolemia (LDLR/APOB/PCSK9). Among 7056 female participants, we detected 15 BRCA1/BRCA2 PV carriers (1 in 470 females). We detected 86 carriers of PVs in lower-penetrance genes associated with inherited cardiac disorders. CONCLUSION Medically actionable PVs are carried in a healthy elderly population. Our findings raise questions about the actionability of lower-penetrance genes, especially when PVs are detected in the absence of symptoms and/or family history of disease.
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Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of a rhythm-motor dual task intervention on cognitive and gait control for older adults in relation to fall prevention. Ten healthy older adults participated in a rhythm-motor dual task intervention and 10 participated in the control group. The intervention group received 16 30-min intervention sessions for 8 weeks. During the intervention sessions, participants engaged in walking or bimanual tapping as a primary motor task with concurrent rhythm tasks including playing instruments and rhythmic chanting or singing. At pretest and post-test, measures of cognition, balance/mobility, and gait were administered. A significant difference between groups was found for part B of the Trail Making Test (TMT-B) measure that involved executive control of attention. Also, changes in the gait ratio in the dual task condition of walking while playing an instrument were significantly different between groups. The findings in this study support the use of the rhythm-motor dual task intervention for increasing available cognitive resources and improving gait control, which are critical factors in fall prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Ji Kim
- Music Therapy Education, Graduate School of Education, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ga Eul Yoo
- Department of Music Therapy, Graduate School, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
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Kounnavong S, Ratsavong K, Soundavong K, Xayavong S, Kariya T, Saw YM, Yamamoto E, Horibe K, Toba K, Hamajima N. Cognitive function measured with the Revised Hasegawa's Dementia Scale among elderly individuals in Lao PDR. Nagoya J Med Sci 2019; 81:281-290. [PMID: 31239596 PMCID: PMC6556450 DOI: 10.18999/nagjms.81.2.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In Lao PDR, measurement of cognitive function has rarely been conducted among elderly individuals. This study aimed to investigate the cognitive function among elderly individuals who lived at their homes with family in Lao PDR. Participants were elderly individuals aged 60 years or over registered with the local government in urban (Vientiane capital; VC) and rural areas (Khammouane province; KP). Those with serious mental/physical diseases, those who could not walk by themselves, or those who could not speak the Lao language were excluded. The information was collected through interviews with the participants and their family members. A newly developed Lao version of the Revised Hasegawa’s Dementia Scale (HDS-R) was applied to measure cognitive function. The participants were 414 elderly individuals (224 males and 190 females) aged 60 to 98 years. The average HDS-R score was 23.0 among 115 men in VC, 22.7 among 92 women in VC, 20.3 among 109 men in KP, and 17.5 among 98 women in KP. The main caregiver was a daughter (40.6%) followed by a spouse (31.4%). Among 414 elderly individuals, 42 (10.0%) stated the necessity of support. Those with HDS-R < 20 accounted for 38.8% in men and 48.9% in women. The adjusted odds ratio of HDS-R < 20 was significant for those in rural areas (3.83) relative to those in urban areas. Among superficially healthy elderly individuals residing with their families, those with reduced cognitive function were more common among women and in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sengchanh Kounnavong
- Lao Tropical and Public Health Institute, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | - Kethmany Ratsavong
- Lao Tropical and Public Health Institute, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | | | - Syda Xayavong
- Lao Tropical and Public Health Institute, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | - Tetsuyoshi Kariya
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yu Mon Saw
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Eiko Yamamoto
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kentaro Horibe
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Kenji Toba
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Hamajima
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Kroneberg D, Elshehabi M, Meyer AC, Otte K, Doss S, Paul F, Nussbaum S, Berg D, Kühn AA, Maetzler W, Schmitz-Hübsch T. Less Is More - Estimation of the Number of Strides Required to Assess Gait Variability in Spatially Confined Settings. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 10:435. [PMID: 30719002 PMCID: PMC6348278 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Gait variability is an established marker of gait function that can be assessed using sensor-based approaches. In clinical settings, spatial constraints and patient condition impede the execution of longer distance walks for the recording of gait parameters. Turning paradigms are often used to overcome these constraints and commercial gait analysis systems algorithmically exclude turns for gait parameters calculations. We investigated the effect of turns in sensor-based assessment of gait variability. Methods: Continuous recordings from 31 patients with movement disorders (ataxia, essential tremor and Parkinson’s disease) and 162 healthy elderly (HE) performing level walks including 180° turns were obtained using an inertial sensor system. Accuracy of the manufacturer’s algorithm of turn-detection was verified by plotting stride time series. Strides before and after turn events were extracted and compared to respective average of all strides. Coefficient of variation (CoV) of stride length and stride time was calculated for entire set of strides, segments between turns and as cumulative values. Their variance and congruency was used to estimate the number of strides required to reliably assess the magnitude of stride variability. Results: Non-detection of turns in 5.8% of HE lead to falsely increased CoV for these individuals. Even after exclusion of these, strides before/after turns tended to be spatially shorter and temporally longer in all groups, contributing to an increase of CoV at group level and widening of confidence margins with increasing numbers of strides. This could be attenuated by a more generous turn excision as an alternative approach. Correlation analyses revealed excellent consistency for CoVs after at most 20 strides in all groups. Respective stride counts were even lower in patients using a more generous turn excision. Conclusion: Including turns to increase continuous walking distance in spatially confined settings does not necessarily improve the validity and reliability of gait variability measures. Specifically with gait pathology, perturbations of stride characteristics before/after algorithmically excised turns were observed that may increase gait variability with this paradigm. We conclude that shorter distance walks of around 15 strides suffice for reliable and valid recordings of gait variability in the groups studied here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kroneberg
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Neurology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Morad Elshehabi
- Department of Neurology, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.,Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anne-Christiane Meyer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Neurology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karen Otte
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Neurocure Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Doss
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Neurology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Friedemann Paul
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Neurology, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Neurocure Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Nussbaum
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniela Berg
- Department of Neurology, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.,Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andrea A Kühn
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Neurology, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Neurocure Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Walter Maetzler
- Department of Neurology, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.,Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tanja Schmitz-Hübsch
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Neurocure Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Li W, Qiu Q, Sun L, Li X, Xiao S. Short-term adverse effects of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele over language function and executive function in healthy older adults. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2019; 15:1855-1861. [PMID: 31371959 PMCID: PMC6628858 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s183064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The 4 allele of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is known as a risk factor for cognitive impairment. How APOE ε polymorphism affects the language and executive functions of healthy aging subjects remains less clear. Purpose: In this follow-up study, the relationship between APOE status and cognitive performance across various cognitive domains in healthy individuals (without dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI)) over 60 years old was investigated. Patients and methods: Based on multiplex amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (PCR), 228 subjects (n=228; mean age: 70.59±8.07 years old; male %=40.8%) were divided into three groups, e2 (ε2/ε2 and ε2/ε3, n=35), e3 (ε3/ε3, n=152), and e4 (ε2/ε4, ε3/ε4, and ε4/ε4, n=41). Results: There was no statistical difference (p>0.05) in the general demographic data and neuropsychological tests among the three groups on the baseline; however, e4 group showed a greater drop rate (p<0.05) versus non-carriers on verbal fluency (e2: -0.043±0.221; e3: -0.081±0.239; e4: 0.069±0.329) and Webster picture completion (e2: 0.055±0.281; e3: 0.083±0.428; e4: 0.438±1.280) over the subsequent one year. Conclusion: The findings suggest that possession of the APOE ε4 allele predicted a higher decline on tasks of language function and executive function in healthy elderly. And further research is required to determine whether strengthening the training of language function and executive function will delay the occurrence of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Qiu
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shifu Xiao
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Kasagi M, Motegi T, Narita K, Fujihara K, Suzuki Y, Tagawa M, Ujita K, Shimada H, Fukuda M. γ-Aminobutyric acid type A receptor binding affinity in the right inferior frontal gyrus at resting state predicts the performance of healthy elderly people in the visual sustained attention test. Int Psychogeriatr 2018; 30:1385-91. [PMID: 29559018 DOI: 10.1017/S1041610217002988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED ABSTRACTBackground:Although recent studies have suggested that the γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor binding affinity can be a more sensitive marker of age-related neuronal loss than regional gray matter (GM) volume, knowledge about the relationship between decreased GABAA receptor binding affinity and cognitive decline during normal aging is still limited. METHODS Thirty-seven healthy elderly individuals (aged 50-77 years (mean, 64.5 ± 7.3 years); 15 males and 22 females) were enrolled in this study. We investigated the association of the performance of the healthy elderly in the attentional function test with regional GM volume, regional cerebral bold flow (rCBF), and GABAA receptor binding affinity in the resting state by structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), arterial spin labeling (ASL), and 123I-iomazenil (IMZ) SPECT, with the analysis focusing on the bilateral inferior frontal gyri. RESULTS The score of the rapid visual information processing (RVP) test, which is used to assess visual sustained attention, showed a positive correlation with GABAA receptor binding affinity in the right inferior frontal gyrus. No significant correlation was found between RVP test score and regional GM volume or rCBF. CONCLUSION The findings of 123I-IMZ SPECT, but not those of structural MRI or ASL, suggest that a decreased GABAA receptor binding affinity can be a sensitive marker of cognitive impairment.
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Pavarini SCI, Brigola AG, Luchesi BM, Souza ÉN, Rossetti ES, Fraga FJ, Guarisco LPC, Terassi M, Oliveira NA, Hortense P, Pedroso RV, Ottaviani AC. On the use of the P300 as a tool for cognitive processing assessment in healthy aging: A review. Dement Neuropsychol 2018; 12:1-11. [PMID: 29682227 PMCID: PMC5901243 DOI: 10.1590/1980-57642018dn12-010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in patterns of performance for the cognitive functions of memory, processing speed, and focused attention are expected in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Cristina Iost Pavarini
- MS, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Graduate Program in Nursing, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.,PhD, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Graduate Program in Gerontology, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.,PhD, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Gerontology Department, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Allan Gustavo Brigola
- MS, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Graduate Program in Nursing, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna Moretti Luchesi
- MS, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Graduate Program in Nursing, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Érica Nestor Souza
- MS, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Graduate Program in Nursing, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Francisco José Fraga
- PhD, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences Center (CECS), Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Marélli Terassi
- MS, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Graduate Program in Nursing, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Alves Oliveira
- MS, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Graduate Program in Nursing, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Priscilla Hortense
- MS, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Graduate Program in Nursing, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata Valle Pedroso
- PhD, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Physical Activity and Aging Lab, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Ottaviani
- MS, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Graduate Program in Nursing, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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16
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Abstract
The variable penetrance of pathogenic variants (PVs) represents a major challenge to the field of human genetics, often complicating clinical decision-making and risk management. Nonpenetrance, the detection of PVs in the absence of disease manifestation, is a common phenomenon, yet, we know very little about the underlying factors, which may protect some individuals and not others. Placing a new focus on the genomic study of the healthy elderly may be pivotal for advancing our understanding of penetrance. Studying those who remain unaffected late into life, despite harboring known genetic risk variants, could provide important insights into disease mechanisms and ultimately inform clinical care, yet, it has received relatively little attention as a research strategy. The ever increasing use of sequencing technology is further driving the requirement to understand the penetrance of ascertained variants. The ASPREE Biobank of Healthy Ageing provides a unique opportunity to address this area of need. DNA has been collected from a cohort of over 14,000 healthy elderly individuals aged 70 years or older enrolled in an aspirin clinical trial. The ASPREE cohort represents a healthy reference population ascertained without the typical biases of a genetic study. The cohort is depleted of expressed monogenetic disease, yet will contain hundreds of elderly individuals with known PVs in clinically actionable genes. Investigating this population along with other cohorts of the healthy elderly will provide critical new knowledge into the penetrance of actionable variants as a foundation for informing clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Lacaze
- 1 Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ingrid Winship
- 2 Genetic Medicine and Family Cancer Clinic, Royal Melbourne Hospital , Melbourne, Australia .,3 Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne , Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - John McNeil
- 1 Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Ntemiri A, Chonchúir FN, O'Callaghan TF, Stanton C, Ross RP, O'Toole PW. Glycomacropeptide Sustains Microbiota Diversity and Promotes Specific Taxa in an Artificial Colon Model of Elderly Gut Microbiota. J Agric Food Chem 2017; 65:1836-1846. [PMID: 28176523 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The potential of milk-derived glycomacropeptide (GMP) and lactose for modulating the human gut microbiota of older people, in whom loss of diversity correlates with inferior health, was investigated. We used an in vitro batch fermentation (artificial colon model) to simulate colonic fermentation processes of two GMP products, i.e., a commercially available GMP concentrate and a semipurified GMP concentrate, and lactose. Faecal samples were collected from healthy and frail older people. Samples were analyzed by Illumina Miseq sequencing of rRNA gene amplicons. The commercial GMP preparation had a positive effect on the growth of Coprococcus and Clostridium cluster XIVb and sustained a higher faecal microbiota diversity compared to control substrates or lactose. Lactose fermentation promoted the growth of Proteobacteria including Escherichia/Shigella. This work provides an in-depth insight on the potential of GMP and lactose for modulating the gut microbiota and contributes more evidence confirming the prebiotic activity of GMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Ntemiri
- School of Microbiology, Food Science Building, University College Cork , Western Road, T12 Y337 Cork, Ireland
| | | | | | - Catherine Stanton
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork , Western Road, T12 Y337 Cork, Ireland
- Moorepark Food Research Centre , Fermoy, Co. Cork P61 C996, Ireland
| | - R Paul Ross
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork , Western Road, T12 Y337 Cork, Ireland
- Moorepark Food Research Centre , Fermoy, Co. Cork P61 C996, Ireland
| | - Paul W O'Toole
- School of Microbiology, Food Science Building, University College Cork , Western Road, T12 Y337 Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork , Western Road, T12 Y337 Cork, Ireland
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18
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Kim GH, Im K, Kwon H, Seo SW, Ye BS, Cho H, Noh Y, Lee JM, Kim ST, Park SE, Kim H, Hwang JW, Kang SJ, Jeong JH, Na DL. Higher Physical Activity Is Associated with Increased Attentional Network Connectivity in the Healthy Elderly. Front Aging Neurosci 2016; 8:198. [PMID: 27597826 PMCID: PMC4992688 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2016.00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the potential alterations in structural network properties related to physical activity (PA) in healthy elderly. We recruited 76 elderly individuals with normal cognition from Samsung Medical Center in Seoul, Korea. All participants underwent the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery and 3.0T brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Participants were subdivided into quartiles according to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire scores, which represents the amount of PA. Through graph theory based analyses, we compared global and local network topologies according to PA quartile. The higher PA group demonstrated better performance in speed processing compared to the lower PA group. Regional nodal strength also significantly increased in the higher PA group, which involved the bilateral middle frontal, bilateral inferior parietal, right medial orbitofrontal, right superior, and middle temporal gyri. These results were further replicated when the highest and the lowest quartile groups were compared in terms of regional nodal strengths and local efficiency. Our findings that the regional nodal strengths associated with the attentional network were increased in the higher PA group suggest the preventive effects of PA on age-related cognitive decline, especially in attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geon Ha Kim
- Department of Neurology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University School of MedicineSeoul, Korea; Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoul, Korea; Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul, Korea
| | - Kiho Im
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hunki Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Won Seo
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoul, Korea; Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical CenterSeoul, Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul, Korea; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul, Korea
| | - Byoung Seok Ye
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul, Korea
| | - Hanna Cho
- Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Noh
- Department of Neurology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center Incheon, Korea
| | - Jong Min Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Tae Kim
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Eon Park
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University Seoul, Korea
| | - Hojeong Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Won Hwang
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University Seoul, Korea
| | - Sue J Kang
- College of Nursing, The Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University Seoul, Korea
| | - Jee Hyang Jeong
- Department of Neurology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine Seoul, Korea
| | - Duk L Na
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoul, Korea; Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical CenterSeoul, Korea; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul, Korea
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Albi A, Pasternak O, Minati L, Marizzoni M, Bartrés-Faz D, Bargalló N, Bosch B, Rossini PM, Marra C, Müller B, Fiedler U, Wiltfang J, Roccatagliata L, Picco A, Nobili FM, Blin O, Sein J, Ranjeva JP, Didic M, Bombois S, Lopes R, Bordet R, Gros-Dagnac H, Payoux P, Zoccatelli G, Alessandrini F, Beltramello A, Ferretti A, Caulo M, Aiello M, Cavaliere C, Soricelli A, Parnetti L, Tarducci R, Floridi P, Tsolaki M, Constantinidis M, Drevelegas A, Frisoni G, Jovicich J. Free water elimination improves test-retest reproducibility of diffusion tensor imaging indices in the brain: A longitudinal multisite study of healthy elderly subjects. Hum Brain Mapp 2016; 38:12-26. [PMID: 27519630 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Free water elimination (FWE) in brain diffusion MRI has been shown to improve tissue specificity in human white matter characterization both in health and in disease. Relative to the classical diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) model, FWE is also expected to increase sensitivity to microstructural changes in longitudinal studies. However, it is not clear if these two models differ in their test-retest reproducibility. This study compares a bi-tensor model for FWE with DTI by extending a previous longitudinal-reproducibility 3T multisite study (10 sites, 7 different scanner models) of 50 healthy elderly participants (55-80 years old) scanned in two sessions at least 1 week apart. We computed the reproducibility of commonly used DTI metrics (FA: fractional anisotropy, MD: mean diffusivity, RD: radial diffusivity, and AXD: axial diffusivity), derived either using a DTI model or a FWE model. The DTI metrics were evaluated over 48 white-matter regions of the JHU-ICBM-DTI-81 white-matter labels atlas, and reproducibility errors were assessed. We found that relative to the DTI model, FWE significantly reduced reproducibility errors in most areas tested. In particular, for the FA and MD metrics, there was an average reduction of approximately 1% in the reproducibility error. The reproducibility scores did not significantly differ across sites. This study shows that FWE improves sensitivity and is thus promising for clinical applications, with the potential to identify more subtle changes. The increased reproducibility allows for smaller sample size or shorter trials in studies evaluating biomarkers of disease progression or treatment effects. Hum Brain Mapp 38:12-26, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Albi
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMEC), University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Ofer Pasternak
- Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ludovico Minati
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMEC), University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Moira Marizzoni
- LENITEM Laboratory of Epidemiology, Neuroimaging, & Telemedicine-IRCCS San Giovanni di Dio-FBF, Brescia, Italy
| | - David Bartrés-Faz
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, Universitat de Barcelona and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Bargalló
- Department of Neuroradiology and Magnetic Resonance Image core Facility, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Bosch
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínic, and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paolo Maria Rossini
- Department Geriatrics Neuroscience & Orthopedics, Catholic University, Policlinic Gemelli, Rome, Italy.,IRCSS S.Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Camillo Marra
- Center for Neuropsychological Research, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Bernhard Müller
- LVR-Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Institutes and Clinics of the University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ute Fiedler
- LVR-Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Institutes and Clinics of the University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- LVR-Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Institutes and Clinics of the University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center (UMG), Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Luca Roccatagliata
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCSS San Martino University Hospital and IST, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Agnese Picco
- Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Mother-Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Flavio Mariano Nobili
- Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Mother-Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Oliver Blin
- Pharmacology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University-CNRS, UMR, Marseille, 7289, France
| | - Julien Sein
- CRMBM-CEMEREM, UMR 7339, Aix Marseille Université-CNRS, Marseille, France
| | | | - Mira Didic
- APHM, CHU Timone, Service de Neurologie et Neuropsychologie, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Université, Inserm, INS UMR_S 1106, Marseille, 13005, France
| | - Stephanie Bombois
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1171-Degenerative and vascular cognitive disorders, Lille, F-59000, France
| | - Renaud Lopes
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1171-Degenerative and vascular cognitive disorders, Lille, F-59000, France
| | - Régis Bordet
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1171-Degenerative and vascular cognitive disorders, Lille, F-59000, France
| | - Hélène Gros-Dagnac
- INSERM, Imagerie cérébrale et handicaps neurologiques, UMR 825, Toulouse, France.,Université de Toulouse, UPS, Imagerie cérébrale et handicaps neurologiques, UMR 825, CHU Purpan, Place du Dr Baylac, Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Pierre Payoux
- INSERM, Imagerie cérébrale et handicaps neurologiques, UMR 825, Toulouse, France.,Université de Toulouse, UPS, Imagerie cérébrale et handicaps neurologiques, UMR 825, CHU Purpan, Place du Dr Baylac, Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | | | | | | | - Antonio Ferretti
- Department of Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti, Italy.,Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies (ITAB), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti, Italy
| | - Massimo Caulo
- Department of Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti, Italy.,Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies (ITAB), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti, Italy
| | | | | | - Andrea Soricelli
- IRCCS SDN, Naples, Italy.,University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucilla Parnetti
- Section of Neurology, Centre for Memory Disturbances, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Piero Floridi
- Neuroradiology Unit, Perugia General Hospital, Perugia, Italy
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- 3rd Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Antonios Drevelegas
- Interbalkan Medical Center of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.,Department of Radiology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Giovanni Frisoni
- LENITEM Laboratory of Epidemiology, Neuroimaging, & Telemedicine-IRCCS San Giovanni di Dio-FBF, Brescia, Italy.,Memory Clinic and LANVIE Laboratory of Neuroimaging of Aging, University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jorge Jovicich
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMEC), University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
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Abstract
Studies emphasize the training of cognitive functions to decrease losses in the population. Memory training associated with neurotracker was performed by an 80-year-old man with memory complaints. A battery for measuring memory, quality of life and stress was initially applied and showed low scores. The patient underwent a program for stimulating memory and attention comprising 32 sessions (2 weekly sessions of 90 minutes each). The post-test follow-up showed improvements in the process of storage and retrieval of episodic and working memory, greater use of strategies, faster information processing speed, as well as reduction in complaints and positive impact on quality of life. The results suggest that the use of Neurotracker for training cognitive processes is valid for cognitive rehabilitation programs to promote improvements in quality of life in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Medeiros Assed
- Masters Student on the Neurosciences and Behavior Program, Institute of Psychology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Cristiana Castanho de Almeida Rocca
- Psychologist, Head of the Neuropsychology Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, and Collaborating Prof. Dr. of the Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio de Pádua Serafim
- Director of the Neuropsychology Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, Collaborating Prof. Dr. of the Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Full Prof. of the Post-Graduate Program in Health Psychology, Methodist University of São Paulo, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
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21
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Engelhart D, Pasma JH, Schouten AC, Aarts RGKM, Meskers CGM, Maier AB, van der Kooij H. Adaptation of multijoint coordination during standing balance in healthy young and healthy old individuals. J Neurophysiol 2015; 115:1422-35. [PMID: 26719084 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00030.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Standing balance requires multijoint coordination between the ankles and hips. We investigated how humans adapt their multijoint coordination to adjust to various conditions and whether the adaptation differed between healthy young participants and healthy elderly. Balance was disturbed by push/pull rods, applying two continuous and independent force disturbances at the level of the hip and between the shoulder blades. In addition, external force fields were applied, represented by an external stiffness at the hip, either stabilizing or destabilizing the participants' balance. Multivariate closed-loop system-identification techniques were used to describe the neuromuscular control mechanisms by quantifying the corrective joint torques as a response to body sway, represented by frequency response functions (FRFs). Model fits on the FRFs resulted in an estimation of time delays, intrinsic stiffness, reflexive stiffness, and reflexive damping of both the ankle and hip joint. The elderly generated similar corrective joint torques but had reduced body sway compared with the young participants, corresponding to the increased FRF magnitude with age. When a stabilizing or destabilizing external force field was applied at the hip, both young and elderly participants adapted their multijoint coordination by lowering or respectively increasing their neuromuscular control actions around the ankles, expressed in a change of FRF magnitude. However, the elderly adapted less compared with the young participants. Model fits on the FRFs showed that elderly had higher intrinsic and reflexive stiffness of the ankle, together with higher time delays of the hip. Furthermore, the elderly adapted their reflexive stiffness around the ankle joint less compared with young participants. These results imply that elderly were stiffer and were less able to adapt to external force fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Engelhart
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Engineering, Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands;
| | - J H Pasma
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - A C Schouten
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Engineering, Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands; Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - R G K M Aarts
- Department of Mechanical Automation, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - C G M Meskers
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and
| | - A B Maier
- Section of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H van der Kooij
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Engineering, Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands; Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
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22
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Meléndez JC, Redondo R, Torres M, Mayordomo T, Sales A. Autobiographical memory for the differential diagnosis of cognitive pathology in aging. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2015; 16:1220-1225. [PMID: 26460189 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM The present study distinguishes three memory stages across the lifespan, and aims to compare episodic and semantic autobiographical memory in healthy older adults, with amnesic mild cognitive impairment, and with Alzheimer's disease. This information can offer evidence about the way semantic and episodic autobiographical memory work, and how the disease affects them. METHODS The sample was composed of 56 people, all aged over 60 years; 15 with amnestic mild cognitive impairment, 12 with Alzheimer's disease and 29 healthy older people. Participants were evaluated with the Autobiographical Memory Interview. RESULTS A mixed anova showed significant main effects of memory and time-period, and significant interactions of memory × group, time-period × group and memory × time × group. DISCUSSION Assessment of autobiographical memory provides information to differentiate amnestic mild cognitive impairment patients from Alzheimer's disease patients. Although the decline in episodic memory starts with the onset of the disease, semantic memory is maintained until moderate stages of dementia. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2016; 16:1220-1225.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C Meléndez
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rita Redondo
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Torres
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Teresa Mayordomo
- Department of Methodology for the Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alicia Sales
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Saint Martin M, Roche F, Thomas-Anterion C, Barthélémy JC, Sforza E. Eight-year parallel change in baroreflex sensitivity and memory function in a sample of healthy older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2015; 63:270-5. [PMID: 25641086 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.13252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine whether changes in the cardiac autonomic nervous system (ANS) over time, as expressed by baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), were associated with long-term changes in cognitive performance in elderly individuals without dementia. DESIGN Community-based 8-year longitudinal study. SETTING Clinical settings. PARTICIPANTS Individuals aged 66.9 ± 0.9 (N = 425). MEASUREMENTS At baseline and follow-up, subjects underwent a clinical interview, autonomic and vascular measurements, and a neuropsychological evaluation including attentional, executive, and memory tests using standardized Z-scores. BRS was defined as being normal, moderate, or severe alteration at each evaluation. On the basis of the longitudinal changes subjects were stratified as being stable, moderate or improved. RESULTS Mean attentional, executive, and memory change Z-scores were -0.41 ± 0.9, -0.15 ± 0.7, and -0.14 ± 0.8, respectively. BRS of 56% of the subjects remained unchanged, of 20% decreased, and of 24% improved. After regression analysis, the worsened BRS group was 1.88 times as likely to have greater memory change as the group with stable BRS (P = .02). No significant association was found between longitudinal change in BRS and attentional and executive changes. CONCLUSION In healthy elderly individuals, BRS decrease was associated with a weak but significant decrease in memory function. The long-term effect of BRS on memory changes may suggest a role of the ANS in cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Saint Martin
- Département de Physiologie Clinique et de l'exercice, Pôle Neuro-Ostéo Locomoteur, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Faculté de Mèdecine de Saint-Etienne, Université Jean Moulin, Saint-Etienne, France; pôle de Recherche et d'Enseignement Supérieur, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France; Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs, University of Lyon 2, Lyon, France
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Hartmans C, Comijs H, Jonker C. Cognitive functioning and its influence on sexual behavior in normal aging and dementia. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2014; 29:441-6. [PMID: 24038191 DOI: 10.1002/gps.4025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2012] [Revised: 06/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Motivational aspects, emotional factors, and cognition, all of which require intact cognitive functioning may be essential in sexual functioning. However, little is known about the association between cognitive functioning and sexual behavior. The aim of this article is to review the current evidence for the influence of cognitive functioning on sexual behavior in normal aging and dementia. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Ovid, Cochrane, and PsycINFO databases. The databases were searched for English language papers focusing on human studies published relating cognitive functioning to sexual behavior in the aging population. Keywords included sexual behavior, sexuality, cognitive functioning, healthy elderly, elderly, aging and dementia. RESULTS Eight studies fulfilled our inclusion criteria. Of these studies, five included dementia patients and/or their partners, whereas only three studies included healthy older persons. Although not consistently, results indicated a trend that older people who are not demented and continue to engage in sexual activity have better overall cognitive functioning. Cognitive decline and dementia seem to be associated with diminished sexual behavior in older persons. CONCLUSIONS The association between cognitive functioning and sexual behavior in the aging population is understudied. The results found are inconclusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carien Hartmans
- GGZ Altrecht, Institute for Clinical and Outpatient Mental Health Care, Den Dolder, The Netherlands
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25
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Saint Martin M, Sforza E, Thomas-Anterion C, Barthélémy JC, Roche F. Baroreflex sensitivity, vascular risk factors, and cognitive function in a healthy elderly population: the PROOF cohort. J Am Geriatr Soc 2013; 61:2096-2102. [PMID: 24279643 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.12548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the role of the cardiac autonomic nervous system (ANS), as measured according to spontaneous cardiac baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), in the type and degree of cognitive performance in healthy young-elderly individuals, taking into account the presence of other vascular risk factors. DESIGN Community-based cross-sectional study. SETTING In-home and clinical settings. PARTICIPANTS A subset of participants, aged 66.9±0.9, from a prospective study that aimed to assess the influence of ANS activity on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality (N=916). MEASUREMENTS All subjects underwent a clinical interview, neuropsychological testing, and autonomic and vascular measurements. Three cognitive domains were defined: attentional (Trail-Making Test Part A, Stroop code and parts I & II), executive (Trail-Making Test Part B, Stroop part III, verbal fluency and similarity tests), and memory (Benton visual retention test, Grober and Buschké procedure). Subjects were stratified according to their scores into normal, low, and impaired performers. RESULTS After adjustments to demographic and vascular data, participants with moderate autonomic dysregulation (3<BRS≤6) were determined to be 1.82 times as likely to have memory impairment (odds ratio (OR)=1.82, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.13-3.17, P=.02) and those with severe autonomic dysregulation (BRS≤3) to be 2.65 as likely (OR=2.65, 95% CI=1.40-5.59, P=.006) as participants with normal BRS (>6). CONCLUSION In older individuals without dementia, autonomic dysregulation seems to have a direct, gradual, and independent effect on memory. Future studies are needed to evaluate the long-term effects of BRS and other markers of the ANS on cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Saint Martin
- Département de Physiologie Clinique et de l'Exercice, Pôle Neuro-OstéoLocomoteur, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Saint-Étienne, France.,Faculté de Médicine de Saint-Etienne, Université Jean Moulin, Saint-Étienne, France.,Pôle de Recherche et d'Enseignement Supérieur, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Laboratoire des Mécanismes Cognitifs, Université de Lyon 2, Lyon, France
| | - Emilia Sforza
- Département de Physiologie Clinique et de l'Exercice, Pôle Neuro-OstéoLocomoteur, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Saint-Étienne, France.,Faculté de Médicine de Saint-Etienne, Université Jean Moulin, Saint-Étienne, France.,Pôle de Recherche et d'Enseignement Supérieur, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | - Jean Claude Barthélémy
- Département de Physiologie Clinique et de l'Exercice, Pôle Neuro-OstéoLocomoteur, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Saint-Étienne, France.,Faculté de Médicine de Saint-Etienne, Université Jean Moulin, Saint-Étienne, France.,Pôle de Recherche et d'Enseignement Supérieur, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Frédéric Roche
- Département de Physiologie Clinique et de l'Exercice, Pôle Neuro-OstéoLocomoteur, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Saint-Étienne, France.,Faculté de Médicine de Saint-Etienne, Université Jean Moulin, Saint-Étienne, France.,Pôle de Recherche et d'Enseignement Supérieur, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
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Machado TH, Fichman HC, Santos EL, Carvalho VA, Fialho PP, Koenig AM, Fernandes CS, Lourenço RA, Paradela EMDP, Caramelli P. Normative data for healthy elderly on the phonemic verbal fluency task - FAS. Dement Neuropsychol 2009; 3:55-60. [PMID: 29213611 PMCID: PMC5619033 DOI: 10.1590/s1980-57642009dn30100011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Phonemic verbal fluency tests assess the production of words beginning with specific letters. Of these letters, the most frequently used are F, A and S. It is a sensitive test for assessing frontal lobe functions. Objective To provide normative data for the elderly Brazilian population on the FAS test and to investigate the effects of age and schooling on test performance. Methods The individuals were divided into three age groups (60-69, 70-79 and =80 years), and into four groups according to education (1-3, 4-7, 8-11 and 12 years). All subjects were assessed by the Mini Mental State Examination and the FAS. Data were analyzed with Student's t test, ANOVA, simple linear regression and Spearman's correlation. Results We evaluated 345 cognitively healthy volunteers, 66.66% being female, aged 60 to 93 years, with an educational level ranging from one to 24 years. The average (number of items) ±SD for the whole sample was 28.28±11.53. No significant effect of gender was observed (p=0.5). Performance on the MMSE and education exerted a direct influence on FAS scores (p<0.001), with education being the most significant factor. A positive correlation was found between FAS and the MMSE (r=0.404; p<0.001). Conclusion The performance of Brazilian elderly on the phonemic verbal fluency tests-FAS is significantly influenced by education, where individuals with higher educational level present better performance than those with fewer years of schooling. Age and gender did not prove significant with the FAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Helena Machado
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurologia Cognitiva e do Comportamento, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da UFMG; Ambulatório de Neurologia Cognitiva do Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Helenice Charchat Fichman
- Departamento de Psicologia, Pontíficia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Departamento de Neurologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Etelvina Lucas Santos
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurologia Cognitiva e do Comportamento, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da UFMG; Ambulatório de Neurologia Cognitiva do Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Viviane Amaral Carvalho
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurologia Cognitiva e do Comportamento, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da UFMG; Ambulatório de Neurologia Cognitiva do Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Paes Fialho
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurologia Cognitiva e do Comportamento, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da UFMG; Ambulatório de Neurologia Cognitiva do Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Anne Marise Koenig
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurologia Cognitiva e do Comportamento, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da UFMG; Ambulatório de Neurologia Cognitiva do Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Conceição Santos Fernandes
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Envelhecimento Humano - GeronLab, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Roberto Alves Lourenço
- Disciplina de Geriatria, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Caramelli
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurologia Cognitiva e do Comportamento, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da UFMG; Ambulatório de Neurologia Cognitiva do Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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