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Luvira V, Pitisuttithum P. Effect of homologous or heterologous vaccine booster over two initial doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine. Expert Rev Vaccines 2024; 23:283-293. [PMID: 38369699 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2320861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inactivated vaccines were delivered to low- and middle-income countries during the early pandemics of COVID-19. Currently, more than 10 inactivated COVID-19 vaccines have been developed. Most inactivated vaccines contain an inactivated whole-cell index SARS-CoV-2 strain that is adjuvant. Whole virions inactivated with aluminum hydroxide vaccines were among the most commonly used. However, with the emerging of COVID-19 variants and waning of the immunity of two doses of after 3 months, WHO and many local governments have recommended the booster-dose program especially with heterologous platform vaccine. AREA COVERED This review was conducted through a literature search of the MEDLINE database to identify articles published from 2020 to 2023 covered the inactivated COVID-19 vaccines primary series with homologous and heterologous booster focusing on safety, immunogenicity, efficacy, and effectiveness. EXPERT OPINION The inactivated vaccines, especially whole virion inactivated in aluminum hydroxide appeared to be safe and had good priming effects. Immune responses generated after one dose of heterologous boost were high and able to preventing severity of disease and symptomatic infection. A new approach to inactivated vaccine has been developed using inactivating recombinant vector virus-NDV-HXP-S vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viravarn Luvira
- Vaccine Trial Centre, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Punnee Pitisuttithum
- Vaccine Trial Centre, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Yi X, Wang Y, Li Q, Li X, Zhang P, Fu X, Gu S, Zhang D, Liu X, Lou H, Wu Y, Tang L, Hou J, Li Y. Pre-existing immunity to SARS-CoV-2 associates with strong T cell responses induced by inactivated COVID-19 vaccines. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28642. [PMID: 36890630 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with a recent common cold coronavirus infection, which leads to pre-existing immunity against SARS-CoV-2, displayed a less severe course of COVID-19. However, the relationship between pre-existing immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and the inactivated-vaccine-induced immune response is still unknown. Here, thirty-one healthcare workers who received standard two doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines (week 0 and 4, respectively) were enrolled, vaccine-induced neutralization and T cell responses were detected, and the correlation between the pre-existing SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity was analyzed. We found the SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies, pVNT titers, and spike-specific IFN-γ production in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were significantly elevated after two doses of inactivated vaccines. Interestingly, the pVNT titers after the second dose of vaccination displayed no significant correlation with the pre-existing SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies or B cells, nor the pre-existing spike-specific CD4+ T cells. Notably, the spike-specific T cell response after the second dose of vaccination was positively correlated with the pre-existing RBD-specific B cells and CD4+ T cells, which were documented by the frequencies of RBD-binding B cells, the breadth of RBD-specific B cell epitopes, and the frequency of IFN-γ-expressing RBD-specific CD4+ T cells. Overall, the inactivated-vaccine-induced T cell responses, not the inactivated-vaccine-induced neutralization, closely correlated with pre-existing immunity to SARS-CoV-2. Our results provide a better understanding of inactivated-vaccine-induced immunity and help predict the immunogenicity induced by inactivated vaccines in individuals. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quanrun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, School of Clinical Medicine, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Xiaoyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Panli Zhang
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuqin Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haonan Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuemei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Libo Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinlin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongyin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Wang H, Gan M, Wu B, Zeng R, Wang Z, Xu J, Li J, Zhang Y, Cao J, Chen L, Di D, Peng S, Lei J, Zhao Y, Song X, Yuan T, Zhou T, Liu Q, Yi J, Wang X, Cai H, Lei Y, Wen Y, Li W, Chen Q, Wang Y, Long P, Yuan Y, Wang C, Pan A, Wang Q, Gong R, Fan X, Wu T, Liu L. Humoral and cellular immunity of two-dose inactivated COVID-19 vaccination in Chinese children: A prospective cohort study. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28380. [PMID: 36478357 PMCID: PMC9877748 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Children are the high-risk group for COVID-19, and in need of vaccination. However, humoral and cellular immune responses of COVID-19 vaccine remain unclear in vaccinated children. To establish the rational immunization strategy of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine for children, the immunogenicity of either one dose or two doses of the vaccine in children was evaluated. A prospective cohort study of 322 children receiving inactivated COVID-19 vaccine was established in China. The baseline was conducted after 28 days of the first dose, and the follow-up was conducted after 28 days of the second dose. The median titers of receptor binding domain (RBD)-IgG, and neutralizing antibody (NAb) against prototype strain and Omicron variant after the second dose increased significantly compared to those after the first dose (first dose: 70.0, [interquartile range, 30.0-151.0] vs. second dose: 1261.0 [636.0-2060.0] for RBD-IgG; 2.5 [2.5-18.6] vs. 252.0 [138.6-462.1] for NAb against prototype strain; 2.5 [2.5-2.5] vs. 15.0 [7.8-26.5] for NAb against Omicron variant, all p < 0.05). The flow cytometry results showed that the first dose elicited SARS-CoV-2 specific cellular immunity, while the second dose strengthened SARS-CoV-2 specific IL-2+ or TNF-α+ monofunctional, IFN-γ+ TNF-α+ bifunctional, and IFN-γ- IL-2+ TNF-α+ multifunctional CD4+ T cell responses (p < 0.05). Moreover, SARS-CoV-2 specific memory T cells were generated after the first vaccination, including the central memory T cells and effector memory T cells. The present findings provide scientific evidence for the vaccination strategy of the inactive vaccines among children against COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Mengze Gan
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Bihao Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega‐ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Rui Zeng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Jun Xu
- Qichun Center for Disease Control and PreventionHuanggangChina
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yandi Zhang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Jinge Cao
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Li Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega‐ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Dongsheng Di
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Siyuan Peng
- Qichun Center for Disease Control and PreventionHuanggangChina
| | - Jinfeng Lei
- Qichun Center for Disease Control and PreventionHuanggangChina
| | - Yingying Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Xuemei Song
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Tingting Yuan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Jing Yi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Hao Cai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yanshou Lei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yuying Wen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Wenhui Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Qinlin Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yufei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Pinpin Long
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yu Yuan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Chaolong Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - An Pan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Rui Gong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega‐ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Xionglin Fan
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
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Nassar RI, Barakat M, Thiab S, El-Hajji F, Barqawi H, El-Huneidi W, Basheti IA, Abu-Gharbieh E. Web-Based Reporting of Post-Vaccination Symptoms for Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccines in Jordan: A Cross-Sectional Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 11:vaccines11010044. [PMID: 36679889 PMCID: PMC9866303 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The perception of COVID-19 vaccines as being unsafe is a major barrier to receiving the vaccine. Providing the public with accurate data regarding the vaccines would reduce vaccine hesitancy. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect data on the side effects experienced by the vaccinated population to assess the safety of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine. RESULTS The majority of the study participants (n = 386) were female (71.9%), and 38.6% of them were under 30 years old. Around half of the participants (52.8%) reported side effects after receiving the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine. Fatigue (85.1%), a sore arm at the site of the injection (82.1%), and discomfort (67.2%) were the most commonly reported side effects after the first dose. Reporting side effects was significantly associated with the female sex (p-value = 0.027). Significant associations between being female and experiencing chills, muscle or joint pain, anorexia, drowsiness, and hair loss were also found, as well as being above the age of 30 and experiencing a cough. Being a smoker was significantly associated with experiencing a cough, and a headache. Furthermore, chills, and a sore throat were significantly associated with individuals who had not been infected before. CONCLUSION Mild side effects were reported after receiving the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine. Fatigue was the most commonly reported side effect. Females, older adults, smokers, and those who had never been infected with COVID-19 had a greater susceptibility to certain side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razan I. Nassar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan
| | - Muna Barakat
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan
| | - Samar Thiab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan
| | - Feras El-Hajji
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan
| | - Hiba Barqawi
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Waseem El-Huneidi
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Iman A. Basheti
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Eman Abu-Gharbieh
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +97-(1)-65057289
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Guo Q, Yang L, Peng R, Gao T, Chu X, Jiang D, Ke D, Ren H. Safety and immunogenicity of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in patients with metabolic syndrome: A cross-sectional observational study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1067342. [PMID: 36620297 PMCID: PMC9817001 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1067342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS), wich mainly including hypertension, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, remains high, and the safety and antibody response of inactivated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) is still inconsistency, therefore it is necessary to explore the safety and antibody responses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccination in MS patients in clinical practice. Methods 157 adults patients who were suffering from MS and 117 health controls (HC) at an interval of at least 21 days after full-course (2nd dose) vaccination were enrolled. The safety of inactivated COVID-19 vaccination was evaluated through collected adverse events (AEs) by questionnaire. The immunogenicity of included participant to inactivated COVID-19 vaccination was represented by serum seropositivity rate of anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) IgG, SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (CoV-2 Nab) and titers of anti-RBD IgG, CoV-2 Nab. The B cells, mainly including RBD-specific B cells, RBD-specific memory B cell (MBC), RBD+ resting MBC cells, RBD+ activated MBC cells, RBD+ atypical MBC cells (atyMBCs), and RBD+ intermediate MBC cells, were also analyzed. Results In terms of safety, all AEs in MS patients were mild and self-limiting, and the incidence was comparable to that of HC participants, with overall AEs within seven days reported in 9.6% (15/157) of 3H and 11.1% (13/117) of HC. Both groups experienced no serious adverse events. As for immunogenicity of MS patients to inactivated COVID-19 vaccination, compared with health controls, the seroprevalence of anti-RBD IgG and CoV-2 Nab was significantly decreased in MS patients (p = 0.000, p = 0.003, respectively), while the titers of anti-RBD IgG (AU/ml) and CoV-2 Nab (μg/ml) were also significant lower in MS patients (p = 0.014, p = 0.002, respectively). As for frequencies of B cells, MS patients had lower frequencies of RBD-specific B cells, RBD+ resting MBCs, and RBD+ intermediate MBCs (p = 0.003, p = 0.000, p = 0.000, respectively), but had a higher frequencies of RBD+ atypical MBCs (p = 0.000) than HC. In comorbidity number subgroups analysis of MS, except frequencies of RBD+ resting MBC cells, RBD+ activated MBC cells and RBD+ intermediate MBC cells had significant difference among three groups (p = 0.035, p = 0.042, p = 0.046, respectively), antibody response had no significant difference among 1H, 2H, and 3H groups (p > 0.05). And took 70 years old as a boundary, also no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) were found in age subgroups. Lastly, comprehensive analysis in MS patients indicated that interval time after 2nd dose vaccine was the statistical significant factor which impacting antibody response in MS individuals. Conclusions Inactivated COVID-19 vaccines were well-tolerated, but induced a poorer antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 in MS patients comparing to HC participants. Patients with MS should therefore be more proactive in receiving inactivated COVID-19 vaccine, and a booster vaccination may be considered necessary. Clinical trial registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/, identifier: NCT05043246.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Guo
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ran Peng
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Gao
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinglin Chu
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Depeng Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Depeng Jiang ✉
| | - Dazhi Ke
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Dazhi Ke ✉
| | - Hong Ren
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Hong Ren ✉
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Zeng G, Tang J, Feng S, Xu L, Wang X, Yang Z. Failure to seroconvert after three doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines in a patient co-infected with HBV and HIV: A case report. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2110799. [PMID: 36048127 PMCID: PMC9746420 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2110799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In the global context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the overall benefits of getting any COVID-19 vaccine approved by the World Health Organization for emergency use outweigh the potential risks, even in people with weakened immune systems, including people living with HIV (PLWH). At present, there are no reports of HIV/hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infected patients receiving a booster dose of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine. Here, we describe a patient with HIV/HBV co-infection who did not seroconvert to three doses of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Zeng
- Department of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China,School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jie Tang
- School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Shuidong Feng
- School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Liumei Xu
- National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Department of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhengrong Yang
- Department of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China,School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China,CONTACT Zhengrong Yang Department of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
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Makadzange AT, Gundidza P, Lau C, Beta N, Myburgh N, Elose N, James W, Stanberry L, Ndhlovu C. Vaccine Adverse Events Following COVID-19 Vaccination with Inactivated Vaccines in Zimbabwe. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10101767. [PMID: 36298632 PMCID: PMC9610510 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination is one of the most effective methods for preventing morbidity and mortality from COVID-19. Vaccine hesitancy has led to a decrease in vaccine uptake; driven by misinformation, fear, and misperceptions of vaccine safety. Whole inactivated vaccines have been used in one-fifth of the vaccine recipients in Africa, however there are limited real-world data on their safety. We evaluated the reported adverse events and factors associated with reported adverse events following vaccination with whole inactivated COVID-19 vaccines-BBiBP-CorV (Sinopharm) and CoronaVac (Sinovac). A quantitative survey evaluating attitudes and adverse events from vaccination was administered to 1016 adults presenting at vaccination centers. Two follow-up telephone interviews were conducted to determine adverse events after the first and second vaccination dose. Overall, the vaccine was well tolerated; 26.0% and 14.4% reported adverse events after the first and second dose, respectively. The most frequent local and systemic adverse events were pain at the injection site and headaches, respectively. Most symptoms were mild, and no participants required hospitalization. Participants who perceived COVID-19 vaccines as safe or had a personal COVID-19 experience were significantly less likely to report adverse events. Our findings provide data on the safety and tolerability of whole inactivated COVID-19 vaccines in an African population, providing the necessary data to create effective strategies to increase vaccination and support vaccination campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azure Tariro Makadzange
- Charles River Medical Group, 155 King George Avenue, Avondale, Harare, Zimbabwe
- Correspondence:
| | - Patricia Gundidza
- Charles River Medical Group, 155 King George Avenue, Avondale, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Charles Lau
- RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, Research Triangle, NC 27709, USA
| | - Norest Beta
- Charles River Medical Group, 155 King George Avenue, Avondale, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Nellie Myburgh
- Wits Vaccines & Infectious Diseases Analytics (VIDA) Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa
| | - Nyasha Elose
- Charles River Medical Group, 155 King George Avenue, Avondale, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Wilmot James
- Institute for Social and Economic Research and Policy, Columbia University, IAB 118th Street, New York, NY 10025, USA
| | - Lawrence Stanberry
- Vaccine Information Network, Columbia University, 533 W 218th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Chiratidzo Ndhlovu
- Charles River Medical Group, 155 King George Avenue, Avondale, Harare, Zimbabwe
- Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Primary Health Care Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Avondale, Harare P.O. Box A178, Zimbabwe
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Jia M, Wang X, Gong W, Zhong J, Leng Z, Ren L, Feng L, Guo L, Gao L, Liang X, Chen E, Tang W, Huang Q, Zhang Q, Jiang G, Zhao S, Liu Z, Feng Y, Qi L, Ma L, Huang T, Yue Y, Wang J, Jiang B, Xu L, Wang J, Yang W, Wang C. Humoral responses after inactivated COVID-19 vaccination in individuals with and without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection: A prospective cohort study. J Med Virol 2022; 94:5746-5757. [PMID: 35941840 PMCID: PMC9537985 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated and compared humoral immune responses after inactivated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination among naïve individuals, asymptomatically infected individuals, and recovered patients with varying severity. In this multicenter, prospective cohort study, blood samples from 666 participants were collected before and after 2 doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccination. Among 392 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-naïve individuals, the seroconversion rate increased significantly from 51.8% (median antispike protein pan-immunoglobulins [S-Igs] titer: 0.8 U/ml) after the first dose to 96% (median S-Igs titer: 79.5 U/ml) after the second dose. Thirty-two percent of naïve individuals had detectable neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against the original strain but all of them lost neutralizing activity against the Omicron variant. In 274 individuals with natural infection, humoral immunity was significantly improved after a single vaccine dose, with median S-Igs titers of 596.7, 1176, 1086.5, and 1828 U/ml for asymptomatic infections, mild cases, moderate cases, and severe/critical cases, respectively. NAb titers also improved significantly. However, the second dose did not substantially increase antibody levels. Although a booster dose is needed for those without infection, our findings indicate that recovered patients should receive only a single dose of the vaccine, regardless of the clinical severity, until there is sufficient evidence to confirm the benefits of a second dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Jia
- School of Population Medicine and Public HealthChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Xinming Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux LaboratoryInstitute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina,Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease PathogenomicsChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Wensheng Gong
- Xiangyang Center for Disease Control & PreventionXiangyangChina
| | - Jingchuan Zhong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux LaboratoryInstitute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina,Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease PathogenomicsChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhiwei Leng
- School of Population Medicine and Public HealthChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Lili Ren
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux LaboratoryInstitute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina,Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease PathogenomicsChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Luzhao Feng
- School of Population Medicine and Public HealthChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Li Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux LaboratoryInstitute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina,Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease PathogenomicsChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Lidong Gao
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionChangshaChina,Hunan Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and PreventionChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xian Liang
- Chengdu Center for Disease Control and PreventionChengduChina
| | - Enfu Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionZhejiangChina
| | - Wenge Tang
- Chongqing Center for Disease Control and PreventionChongqingChina
| | - Qiangru Huang
- School of Population Medicine and Public HealthChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Qiao Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux LaboratoryInstitute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina,Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease PathogenomicsChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | | | - Shanlu Zhao
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionChangshaChina,Hunan Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and PreventionChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhu Liu
- Chengdu Center for Disease Control and PreventionChengduChina
| | - Yan Feng
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionZhejiangChina
| | - Li Qi
- Chongqing Center for Disease Control and PreventionChongqingChina
| | - Libing Ma
- School of Population Medicine and Public HealthChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineAffiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical UniversityGuilinChina
| | - Tingxuan Huang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux LaboratoryInstitute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina,Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease PathogenomicsChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yong Yue
- Chengdu Center for Disease Control and PreventionChengduChina
| | - Ju Wang
- Chongqing Center for Disease Control and PreventionChongqingChina
| | - Binshan Jiang
- School of Population Medicine and Public HealthChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Liuhui Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux LaboratoryInstitute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina,Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease PathogenomicsChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jianwei Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux LaboratoryInstitute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina,Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease PathogenomicsChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Weizhong Yang
- School of Population Medicine and Public HealthChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Chen Wang
- School of Population Medicine and Public HealthChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesChina‐Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina,National Center for Respiratory MedicineBeijingChina,Chinese Academy of EngineeringBeijingChina
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Wen S, Huang K, Zhu H, Li P, Zhou L, Feng L. Case Report: Anti-NF186+ CIDP After Receiving the Inactivated Vaccine for Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). Front Neurol 2022; 13:838222. [PMID: 35359644 PMCID: PMC8964034 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.838222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), the novel coronavirus disease, is now a global pandemic. Vaccination can significantly reduce the mortality rate caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome of coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). There are currently several effective vaccines that have been introduced. Inactivated COVID-19 vaccine is one of these options and is generally considered safe. Neurofascin (NF) plays an important role in keeping the functionality of the node of Ranvier. We report here a rare case of anti-NF186+ chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) in a 23-year-old male patient who was vaccinated with inactivated COVID-19 vaccine prior to the onset. This report adds a new possible rare side effect of a COVID-19 vaccine and provides a case for the clinical effectiveness of rituximab (RTX) in patients with anti-NF186+ CIDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirui Wen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kailing Huang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haoyue Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Peihong Li
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Luo Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Feng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Xie H, Wen X, Li J, Chen W, Chen M, Zhang L, Lv M, Zhou S, Bai S, Zhao W, Wang J, Wu J. Evaluation of Immunogenicity by Pseudovirus Neutralization Assays for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Variants after Primary and Booster Immunization. Int J Infect Dis 2022; 117:97-102. [PMID: 35123028 PMCID: PMC8809669 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.01.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the status of immune responses after primary and booster immunization for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) variants and evaluate the differences in disease-resistance based upon titers of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against the variants. METHODS Participants aged 18 - 59 y received two doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine, 14 days apart, and a booster dose after 12 m. Blood samples were collected before vaccination (baseline), 1 and 6 m after primary immunization, and at multiple instances within 21 d of booster dose. NAbs against the spike protein of Wuhan-Hu-1 and three variants were measured using pseudovirus neutralization assays. RESULTS Out of 400 enrolled participants, 387 completed visits scheduled within 6 m of the second dose, and 346 participated received the booster dose in the follow-up research. After 1 m of primary immunization, geometric mean titers (GMTs) of NAbs peaked for Wuhan-Hu-1, while GMTs of other variants were < 30. After 6 m of primary immunization, GMTs of NAbs against all strains were < 30. After 3 d of booster immunization, GMTs were unaltered, seroconversion rates reached approximately 50% after 7 d, and GMTs of NAbs against all strains peaked at 14 d. CONCLUSION Two-dose of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine induced the formation of NAbs and memory-associated immune responses, and high titers of NAbs against the variants obtained after booster immunization may further improve the effectiveness of the vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xie
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Xiaojing Wen
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Juan Li
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Weixin Chen
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Meng Chen
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Lichi Zhang
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Min Lv
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Shanshan Zhou
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Shuang Bai
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China.
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