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Calabrese S, Cusant L, Sarazin A, Niehl A, Erban A, Brulé D, Recorbet G, Wipf D, Roux C, Kopka J, Boller T, Courty PE. Imbalanced Regulation of Fungal Nutrient Transports According to Phosphate Availability in a Symbiocosm Formed by Poplar, Sorghum, and Rhizophagus irregularis. Front Plant Sci 2019; 10:1617. [PMID: 31921260 PMCID: PMC6920215 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis, key components of nutrient uptake and exchange are specialized transporters that facilitate nutrient transport across membranes. As phosphate is a nutrient and a regulator of nutrient exchanges, we investigated the effect of P availability to extraradical mycelium (ERM) on both plant and fungus transcriptomes and metabolomes in a symbiocosm system. By perturbing nutrient exchanges under the control of P, our objectives were to identify new fungal genes involved in nutrient transports, and to characterize in which extent the fungus differentially modulates its metabolism when interacting with two different plant species. We performed transportome analysis on the ERM and intraradical mycelium of the AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis associated to Populus trichocarpa and Sorghum bicolor under high and low P availability in ERM, using quantitative RT-PCR and Illumina mRNA-sequencing. We observed that mycorrhizal symbiosis induces expression of specific phosphate and ammonium transporters in both plants. Furthermore, we identified new AM-inducible transporters and showed that a subset of phosphate transporters is regulated independently of symbiotic nutrient exchange. mRNA-Sequencing revealed that the fungal transportome was not similarly regulated in the two host plant species according to P availability. Mirroring this effect, many plant carbohydrate transporters were down-regulated in P. trichocarpa mycorrhizal root tissue. Metabolome analysis revealed further that AM root colonization led to a modification of root primary metabolism under low and high P availability and to a decrease of primary metabolite pools in general. Moreover, the down regulation of the sucrose transporters suggests that the plant limits carbohydrate long distance transport (i.e. from shoot to the mycorrhizal roots). By simultaneous uptake/reuptake of nutrients from the apoplast at the biotrophic interface, plant and fungus are both able to control reciprocal nutrient fluxes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Botany, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Loic Cusant
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, UPS, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Alexis Sarazin
- Department of Biology at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Annette Niehl
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Botany, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Erban
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Daphnée Brulé
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Botany, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Ghislaine Recorbet
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Daniel Wipf
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Christophe Roux
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, UPS, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Joachim Kopka
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Thomas Boller
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Botany, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Courty
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Botany, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
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Calabrese S, Pérez-Tienda J, Ellerbeck M, Arnould C, Chatagnier O, Boller T, Schüßler A, Brachmann A, Wipf D, Ferrol N, Courty PE. GintAMT3 - a Low-Affinity Ammonium Transporter of the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Rhizophagus irregularis. Front Plant Sci 2016; 7:679. [PMID: 27252708 PMCID: PMC4879785 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient acquisition and transfer are essential steps in the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis, which is formed by the majority of land plants. Mineral nutrients are taken up by AM fungi from the soil and transferred to the plant partner. Within the cortical plant root cells the fungal hyphae form tree-like structures (arbuscules) where the nutrients are released to the plant-fungal interface, i.e., to the periarbuscular space, before being taken up by the plant. In exchange, the AM fungi receive carbohydrates from the plant host. Besides the well-studied uptake of phosphorus (P), the uptake and transfer of nitrogen (N) plays a crucial role in this mutualistic interaction. In the AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis (formerly called Glomus intraradices), two ammonium transporters (AMT) were previously described, namely GintAMT1 and GintAMT2. Here, we report the identification and characterization of a newly identified R. irregularis AMT, GintAMT3. Phylogenetic analyses revealed high sequence similarity to previously identified AM fungal AMTs and a clear separation from other fungal AMTs. Topological analysis indicated GintAMT3 to be a membrane bound pore forming protein, and GFP tagging showed it to be highly expressed in the intraradical mycelium of a fully established AM symbiosis. Expression of GintAMT3 in yeast successfully complemented the yeast AMT triple deletion mutant (MATa ura3 mep1Δ mep2Δ::LEU2 mep3Δ::KanMX2). GintAMT3 is characterized as a low affinity transport system with an apparent Km of 1.8 mM and a V max of 240 nmol(-1) min(-1) 10(8) cells(-1), which is regulated by substrate concentration and carbon supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Botany, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of BaselBasel, Switzerland
| | - Jacob Pérez-Tienda
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasGranada, Spain
| | - Matthias Ellerbeck
- Faculty of Biology, Genetics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University MunichPlanegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Christine Arnould
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Bourgogne Franche-ComtéDijon, France
| | - Odile Chatagnier
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Bourgogne Franche-ComtéDijon, France
| | - Thomas Boller
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Botany, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of BaselBasel, Switzerland
| | - Arthur Schüßler
- Faculty of Biology, Genetics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University MunichPlanegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Andreas Brachmann
- Faculty of Biology, Genetics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University MunichPlanegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Daniel Wipf
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Bourgogne Franche-ComtéDijon, France
| | - Nuria Ferrol
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasGranada, Spain
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Courty
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Botany, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of BaselBasel, Switzerland
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Soudzilovskaia NA, van der Heijden MGA, Cornelissen JHC, Makarov MI, Onipchenko VG, Maslov MN, Akhmetzhanova AA, van Bodegom PM. Quantitative assessment of the differential impacts of arbuscular and ectomycorrhiza on soil carbon cycling. New Phytol 2015; 208:280-293. [PMID: 26011828 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A significant fraction of carbon stored in the Earth's soil moves through arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) and ectomycorrhiza (EM). The impacts of AM and EM on the soil carbon budget are poorly understood. We propose a method to quantify the mycorrhizal contribution to carbon cycling, explicitly accounting for the abundance of plant-associated and extraradical mycorrhizal mycelium. We discuss the need to acquire additional data to use our method, and present our new global database holding information on plant species-by-site intensity of root colonization by mycorrhizas. We demonstrate that the degree of mycorrhizal fungal colonization has globally consistent patterns across plant species. This suggests that the level of plant species-specific root colonization can be used as a plant trait. To exemplify our method, we assessed the differential impacts of AM : EM ratio and EM shrub encroachment on carbon stocks in sub-arctic tundra. AM and EM affect tundra carbon stocks at different magnitudes, and via partly distinct dominant pathways: via extraradical mycelium (both EM and AM) and via mycorrhizal impacts on above- and belowground biomass carbon (mostly AM). Our method provides a powerful tool for the quantitative assessment of mycorrhizal impact on local and global carbon cycling processes, paving the way towards an improved understanding of the role of mycorrhizas in the Earth's carbon cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadejda A Soudzilovskaia
- Systems Ecology, Department of Ecological Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Environmental Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 2, 2333CC, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Louis Bolk Instituut, Hoofdstraat 24, 3972, LA Driebergen, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel G A van der Heijden
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Institute for Sustainability Sciences, Agroscope, 8046, Zürich, Switzerland
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zürich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CH, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes H C Cornelissen
- Systems Ecology, Department of Ecological Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mikhail I Makarov
- Soil Science Department, Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Mikhail N Maslov
- Soil Science Department, Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Peter M van Bodegom
- Environmental Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 2, 2333CC, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Liu ZL, Li YJ, Hou HY, Zhu XC, Rai V, He XY, Tian CJ. Differences in the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-improved rice resistance to low temperature at two N levels: aspects of N and C metabolism on the plant side. Plant Physiol Biochem 2013; 71:87-95. [PMID: 23896605 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We performed an experiment to determine how N and C metabolism is involved in the low-temperature tolerance of mycorrhizal rice (Oryza sativa) at different N levels and examined the possible signaling molecules involved in the stress response of mycorrhizal rice. Pot cultures were performed, and mycorrhizal rice growth was evaluated based on treatments at two temperatures (15 °C and 25 °C) and two N levels (20 mg pot(-1) and 50 mg pot(-1)). The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization of rice resulted in different responses of the plants to low and high N levels. The mycorrhizal rice with the low N supplementation had more positive feedback from the symbiotic AMF, as indicated by accelerated N and C metabolism of rice possibly involving jasmonic acid (JA) and the up-regulation of enzyme activities for N and C metabolism. Furthermore, the response of the mycorrhizal rice plants to low temperature was associated with P uptake and nitric oxide (NO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Lei Liu
- Lab of Soil Microbiology and Nutrient Cycle, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Ji-Lin 130102, PR China
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