Boháč M, Zezulová A, Krejčí Kotlánová M, Kubátová D, Staněk T, Krejza Z, Všianský D, Novotný R, Palovčík J, Dvořák K. Early hydration of C
4AF with silica fume and its role on
katoite composition.
J Microsc 2024;
294:168-176. [PMID:
38418930 DOI:
10.1111/jmi.13280]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
C4AF is considered the least reactive main clinker phase, but its reactivity may be affected by adding supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). Pure C4AF was synthesised in a laboratory furnace, and the role of silica fume without gypsum on its early hydration properties was monitored. Burning was carried out in four stages to achieve 99% purity of C4AF. Heat flow development was monitored by isothermal calorimetry over 7 days of hydration at 20°C and 40°C. The role of silica fume on hydrogarnet phase katoite (Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 - x(OH)4 x x = 1.5-3) formation during early hydration was studied. Rapid dissolution of C4AF, formation of metastable C-(A,F)-H and its conversion to C3(A, F)H6 was evidenced by isothermal calorimetry as a large exotherm. Changes in microstructure during early hydration were documented by SE micrographs, EDS point analyses, X-ray mapping and line scans by SEM-EDS. The phase composition was characterised by DTA-TGA and QXRD after 7 days of hydration. The katoite diffraction pattern is similar for the reference sample and sample with silica fume, but substitution in its structure can be revealed by X-ray microanalyses. The composition of katoite is variable due to the various extent of substitution of 4OH- by SiO4 4- due to silica fume.
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