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Radi M, Eddardar Z, Drioiche A, Remok F, Hosen ME, Zibouh K, Ed-Damsyry B, Bouatkiout A, Amine S, Touijer H, Salamatullah AM, Bourhia M, Ibenmoussa S, Zair T. Comparative study of the chemical composition, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils extracted from Lavandula abrialis and Lavandula stoechas: in vitro and in silico analysis. Front Chem 2024; 12:1353385. [PMID: 38591060 PMCID: PMC10999623 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1353385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
This work aims to add value to the Lavandula genus by identifying the chemical composition, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of two species lavender from Oulmès in Morocco; Lavandula abrialis and Lavandula stoechas. The uniqueness lies in the integrated approach that combines in vitro and in silico analyses to assess the biological properties of the essential oils (EO). The objective of this study is to enhance the significance of the Lavandula genus by analyzing the chemical composition, antioxidant properties, and antimicrobial effects of two lavender species found in Oulmès, Morocco: Lavandula abrialis and Lavandula stoechas. The distinctiveness is in the comprehensive methodology that merges in vitro and in silico investigations to evaluate the biological characteristics of the essential oils (EO). The extraction of essential oils (EO) by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of Lavandula abrialis gave a high yield of essential oils (2.9%) compared to Lavandula stoechas (2.3%). A GC-MS analysis of the chemical composition revealed 56 chemical compounds, with some variation in the predominant components, representing between 99.98% and 100% of the EOs of the studied lavenders. Their antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH test. This method revealed that L. stoechas EO has a higher percentage of free radical inhibition than L. abrialis. The IC50 values demonstrate that the antioxidant activity of ascorbic acid is higher (1.62 g/mL) than the EOs of tested plants. Noteworthy, the EO of L. stoechas is more potent (12.94 g/mL) than that of Lavandula tibialis (34.71 g/mL). Regrading, the antibacterial tests, the EO of L. abrialis was particularly active against Staphylococcus aureus BLACT, which is inhibited at a concentration of 6.25 g/mL, while L. stoechas EO has a strong effect on Escherichia coli, with a MIC of 1.56 g/mL. Concerning the antifungal activity of the EOs, yeasts showed sensitivity toward EOs extracted from both L. tibialis and L. stoechas. Moreover, an in silico study was conducted targeting sarA protein of S. aureus (PDB ID: 2fnp) and NADPH oxidase from Lavandula sanfranciscensis (PDB: 2CDU) and results showed that Ishwarone and Selina-3,7 (11)-diene exhibited highest binding energy with -9.8 and -10.8 kcal/mol respectively. Therefore, these two compounds could be used as an antibacterial and antioxidant agents however more experimental and molecular study should be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Radi
- Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and the Environment, Moulay Ismaïl University, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Zaina Eddardar
- Equipe Ecosystèmes et Sciences de l’environnement, Faculté des Sciences Appliquées, Ait Melloul—Université Ibn Zohr, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Aziz Drioiche
- Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and the Environment, Moulay Ismaïl University, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Firdaous Remok
- Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and the Environment, Moulay Ismaïl University, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Md. Eram Hosen
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Khalid Zibouh
- Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and the Environment, Moulay Ismaïl University, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Brahim Ed-Damsyry
- Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and the Environment, Moulay Ismaïl University, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Amale Bouatkiout
- Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and the Environment, Moulay Ismaïl University, Meknes, Morocco
- Laboratory of Materials, Nanotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Sanae Amine
- Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and the Environment, Moulay Ismaïl University, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Hanane Touijer
- Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and the Environment, Moulay Ismaïl University, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Bourhia
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Natural Resources Valorization, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Samir Ibenmoussa
- Laboratory of Therapeutic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Touriya Zair
- Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and the Environment, Moulay Ismaïl University, Meknes, Morocco
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Dlugos DM, Bridges WC, Jeffers SN. Phytophthora Root and Crown Rot of Lavender: New Host-Pathogen Relationships Involving Six Species of Phytophthora and Three Species of Lavandula. Plant Dis 2024; 108:769-777. [PMID: 37775923 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-03-23-0477-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Phytophthora root and crown rot has become a major threat to the lavender industry worldwide. Isolations from symptomatic plants between 2015 and 2019 revealed a number of potential causal agents in the United States. In this study, we tested nine species of Phytophthora and four species of Lavandula and used Koch's Postulates to prove pathogenicity for six new host-pathogen relationships and confirm two pathogenic relationships for the first time in the United States. A total of 10 experiments were conducted with each consisting of two independent trials. Only host-pathogen combinations that occurred in the field were evaluated. All isolates used in these experiments were recovered from diseased lavender plants or, for one isolate, soil associated with a diseased plant sent to our lab or the Clemson University Plant and Pest Diagnostic Clinic for diagnosis. Experiments were conducted over 3 years, 2017 to 2019, in a research greenhouse under relatively uniform environmental conditions following a standard protocol. Plants were evaluated weekly for foliage symptom severity, and, at the end of each trial, plants were scored for final foliage symptom severity and root rot severity, area under the disease progress curve was calculated, fresh plant mass was weighed, and isolation of pathogens from roots was attempted. These studies successfully demonstrated for the first time pathogenicity of Phytophthora nicotianae, P. palmivora, and P. cinnamomi to hybrid lavender (Lavandula × intermedia), P. nicotianae to sweet lavender (L. heterophylla), and P. cryptogea and P. drechsleri to English lavender (L. angustifolia). In addition, a soil isolate of P. tropicalis was shown to be potentially pathogenic to L. × intermedia. Our results also documented for the first time in the United States pathogenicity of P. palmivora and P. citrophthora to L. angustifolia. We were not able to confirm pathogenicity for three host-pathogen relationships: P. megasperma on English lavender, P. cactorum on hybrid lavender, and P. nicotianae on Spanish lavender (L. stoechas). Results from this study expand the list of Phytophthora species causing root rot on lavender (Lavandula species) in the United States and elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M Dlugos
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634
| | - William C Bridges
- School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634
| | - Steven N Jeffers
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634
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Dold M, Möller HJ, Volz HP, Seifritz E, Schläfke S, Bartova L, Kasper S. Baseline symptom severity and efficacy of Silexan in patients with anxiety disorders: A symptom-based, patient-level analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled trials. Eur Psychiatry 2024; 67:e23. [PMID: 38425206 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2024.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The influence of baseline severity on the efficacy of Silexan, a proprietary essential oil from Lavandula angustifolia, in anxiety disorders has not been investigated in a pooled dataset. We report on an individual patient data analysis of all five double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials with Silexan in anxiety disorders. Eligible participants received Silexan 80 mg/d or placebo for 10 weeks. Analyses were based on the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), its psychic and somatic anxiety subscores, and the Clinical Global Impressions (CGI) scale. To correlate baseline severity with outcome, patients were segregated into mild, moderate, and severe cases. Altogether 1,172 patients (Silexan, n = 587; placebo, n = 585) were analyzed. For the HAMA total score, we found a significant association between the score at baseline and the treatment effect of Silexan versus placebo at week 10 (p < 0.001). HAMA items from the somatic domain scored lower at baseline and showed less improvement than items from the psychic domain, particularly in patients with mild or moderate baseline symptoms. For CGI item 2 (global improvement), significant efficacy favoring Silexan were observed in mild, moderate, and severe baseline symptom severity. Although significant improvements were found for all subsets, the more severe the initial symptoms, the greater the treatment effects documented by the HAMA. Overall this analysis confirms that Silexan is an effective treatment option in early or mild stages of anxiety disorder. Given its favorable safety profile, Silexan can thus fill a therapeutic gap in the treatment of (subsyndromal) anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Dold
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hans-Jürgen Möller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Volz
- Hospital for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine Schloss Werneck, Werneck, Germany
| | - Erich Seifritz
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Lucie Bartova
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Siegfried Kasper
- Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Șuică-Bunghez IR, Senin RM, Sorescu AA, Ganciarov M, Răut I, Firincă C, Constantin M, Gifu IC, Stoica R, Fierăscu I, Fierăscu RC. Application of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. Extracts for the Phytosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles: Characterization and Biomedical Potential. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:333. [PMID: 38337867 PMCID: PMC10857192 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Nanotechnology can offer a series of new "green" and eco-friendly methods for developing different types of nanoparticles, among which the development of nanomaterials using plant extracts (phytosynthesis) represents one of the most promising areas of research. This present study details the use of lavender flowers (Lavandula angustifolia Mill., well-known for their use in homeopathic applications) for the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles with enhanced antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Several qualitative and quantitative assays were carried out in order to offer an image of the extracts' composition (the recorded total phenolics content varied between 21.0 to 40.9 mg GAE (gallic acid equivalents)/g dry weight (d.w.), while the total flavonoids content ranged between 3.57 and 16.8 mg CE (catechin equivalents)/g d.w.), alongside modern analytical methods (such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-GC-MS, quantifying 12 phytoconstituents present in the extracts). The formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using lavender extract was studied by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and dynamic light scattering (DLS)/zeta potential, with the selected nanoparticles having crystallite sizes of approx. 14.55 nm (AgNP-L2) and 4.61 nm, respectively (for AgNP-L4), and hydrodynamic diameters of 392.4 nm (for AgNP-L2) and 391.6 nm (for AgNP-L4), determined by DLS. A zeta potential of around -6.4 mV was displayed for both samples while presenting as large aggregates, in which nanoparticle clusters with dimensions of around 130-200 nm can be observed. The biomedical applications of the extracts and the corresponding phytosynthesized nanoparticles were evaluated using antioxidant and antimicrobial assays. The obtained results confirmed the phytosynthesis of the silver nanoparticles using Lavandula angustifolia Mill. extracts, as well as their antioxidant and antimicrobial potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Raluca Șuică-Bunghez
- The National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM Bucharest, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (I.R.Ș.-B.); (A.A.S.); (M.G.); (I.R.); (C.F.); (M.C.); (I.C.G.); (R.S.); (I.F.)
| | - Raluca Mădălina Senin
- The National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM Bucharest, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (I.R.Ș.-B.); (A.A.S.); (M.G.); (I.R.); (C.F.); (M.C.); (I.C.G.); (R.S.); (I.F.)
| | - Ana Alexandra Sorescu
- The National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM Bucharest, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (I.R.Ș.-B.); (A.A.S.); (M.G.); (I.R.); (C.F.); (M.C.); (I.C.G.); (R.S.); (I.F.)
| | - Mihaela Ganciarov
- The National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM Bucharest, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (I.R.Ș.-B.); (A.A.S.); (M.G.); (I.R.); (C.F.); (M.C.); (I.C.G.); (R.S.); (I.F.)
| | - Iuliana Răut
- The National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM Bucharest, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (I.R.Ș.-B.); (A.A.S.); (M.G.); (I.R.); (C.F.); (M.C.); (I.C.G.); (R.S.); (I.F.)
| | - Cristina Firincă
- The National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM Bucharest, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (I.R.Ș.-B.); (A.A.S.); (M.G.); (I.R.); (C.F.); (M.C.); (I.C.G.); (R.S.); (I.F.)
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91 Splaiul Independenței, 050104 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana Constantin
- The National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM Bucharest, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (I.R.Ș.-B.); (A.A.S.); (M.G.); (I.R.); (C.F.); (M.C.); (I.C.G.); (R.S.); (I.F.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 187 Calea Vacaresti, 040051 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Cătălina Gifu
- The National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM Bucharest, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (I.R.Ș.-B.); (A.A.S.); (M.G.); (I.R.); (C.F.); (M.C.); (I.C.G.); (R.S.); (I.F.)
| | - Rusăndica Stoica
- The National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM Bucharest, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (I.R.Ș.-B.); (A.A.S.); (M.G.); (I.R.); (C.F.); (M.C.); (I.C.G.); (R.S.); (I.F.)
| | - Irina Fierăscu
- The National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM Bucharest, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (I.R.Ș.-B.); (A.A.S.); (M.G.); (I.R.); (C.F.); (M.C.); (I.C.G.); (R.S.); (I.F.)
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 59 Marasti Blvd., 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Radu Claudiu Fierăscu
- The National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM Bucharest, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (I.R.Ș.-B.); (A.A.S.); (M.G.); (I.R.); (C.F.); (M.C.); (I.C.G.); (R.S.); (I.F.)
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 1-7 Gheorghe Polizu St., 011061 Bucharest, Romania
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Motelica L, Vasile BS, Ficai A, Surdu AV, Ficai D, Oprea OC, Andronescu E, Mustățea G, Ungureanu EL, Dobre AA. Antibacterial Activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Loaded with Essential Oils. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2470. [PMID: 37896230 PMCID: PMC10610287 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
One major problem with the overuse of antibiotics is that the microorganisms acquire resistance; thus the dose must be increased unsustainably. To overcome this problem, researchers from around the world are actively investigating new types of antimicrobials. Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) have been proven to exhibit strong antimicrobial effects; moreover, the Food and Drugs Administration (FDA) considers ZnO as GRAS (generally recognized as safe). Many essential oils have antimicrobial activity and their components do not generate resistance over time. One of the drawbacks is the high volatility of some components, which diminishes the antimicrobial action as they are eliminated. The combination of ZnO NPs and essential oils can synergistically produce a stronger antimicrobial effect, and some of the volatile compounds can be retained on the nanoparticles' surface, ensuring a better-lasting antimicrobial effect. The samples were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and thermal analysis (TG-DSC) coupled with analysis of evolved gases using FTIR. The ZnO NPs, with a size of ~35 nm, exhibited a loading between 1.44% and 15.62%-the lower values were specific for limonene-containing oils (e.g., orange, grapefruit, bergamot, or limette), while high values were obtained from cinnamon, minzol, thyme, citronella, and lavender oils-highlighting differences among non-polar terpenes and alcohol or aldehyde derivatives. The antibacterial assay indicated the existence of a synergic action among components and a high dependency on the percentage of loaded oil. Loaded nanoparticles offer immense potential for the development of materials with specific applications, such as wound dressings or food packaging. These nanoparticles can be utilized in scenarios where burst delivery is desired or when prolonged antibacterial activity is sought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Motelica
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (L.M.); (E.A.)
- National Research Center for Food Safety, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan-Stefan Vasile
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (L.M.); (E.A.)
- National Research Center for Food Safety, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu St., 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anton Ficai
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (L.M.); (E.A.)
- National Research Center for Food Safety, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu St., 011061 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov Street 3, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adrian-Vasile Surdu
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (L.M.); (E.A.)
- National Research Center for Food Safety, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu St., 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Denisa Ficai
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (L.M.); (E.A.)
- National Research Center for Food Safety, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu St., 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ovidiu-Cristian Oprea
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (L.M.); (E.A.)
- National Research Center for Food Safety, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu St., 011061 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov Street 3, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ecaterina Andronescu
- National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (L.M.); (E.A.)
- National Research Center for Food Safety, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu St., 011061 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov Street 3, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriel Mustățea
- National R&D Institute for Food Bioresources—IBA Bucharest, Dinu Vintila Street 6, 021102 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Loredana Ungureanu
- National R&D Institute for Food Bioresources—IBA Bucharest, Dinu Vintila Street 6, 021102 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alina Alexandra Dobre
- National R&D Institute for Food Bioresources—IBA Bucharest, Dinu Vintila Street 6, 021102 Bucharest, Romania
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Álvarez-García S, Moumni M, Romanazzi G. Antifungal activity of volatile organic compounds from essential oils against the postharvest pathogens Botrytis cinerea, Monilinia fructicola, Monilinia fructigena, and Monilinia laxa. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1274770. [PMID: 37860258 PMCID: PMC10582630 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1274770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Gray mold and brown rot, caused respectively by Botrytis cinerea and Monilinia spp., are fungal diseases responsible for significant losses during the storage of fruit and vegetables. Nowadays, the control of postharvest diseases is shifting towards more sustainable strategies, including the use of plant secondary metabolites. In this study, the antifungal activity of Origanum vulgare, Thymus vulgaris, Thymus serpyllum, Melaleuca alternifolia, Lavandula officinalis, Lavandula hybrida, Citrus bergamia, Rosmarinus officinalis, Cinnamomum zeylanicum essential oils (EOs) in vapor phase was tested in vitro against B. cinerea, Monilinia fructicola, Monilinia fructigena, and Monilinia laxa. For the experiments, a protocol using a volatile organic compounds (VOC) chamber was designed. Results indicate a dose-dependent inhibitory activity of all the tested EOs, with O. vulgare, T. vulgaris, and T. serpyllum being the most active ones, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 22.73, 45.45, and 22.73 µl/L, respectively, against B. cinerea and a range between 5.64 and 22.73 µl/L against the three Monilinia spp. Overall, B. cinerea presented lower sensitivity to vapor-phase EOs than any of the Monilinia strains, except for the C. zeylanicum EO, which consistently showed higher inhibition against B. cinerea. Among the three Monilinia spp., M. fructicola was the least sensitive, while M. fructigena was the most sensitive. The use of VOC chambers proved to be a reliable protocol for the assessment of antimicrobial activities of EOs. These results suggest that the VOC emitted by the tested EOs are effective towards important decay-causing fungi, and that they could be used for the control of gray mold and brown rot in in vivo trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Álvarez-García
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
- Plant Physiology Area, Engineering and Agricultural Sciences Department, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Marwa Moumni
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Romanazzi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
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Seiiedi-Biarag L, Mirghafourvand M. The effect of lavender on mothers sleep quality in the postpartum period: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Complement Integr Med 2023; 20:513-520. [PMID: 35080353 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2021-0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Poor sleep quality in the postpartum period can have various negative effects on the health of mothers and infants such as anxiety, depression, low breastfeeding self-efficacy and disrupted child-mother attachment. Accordingly, intervention seems necessary to improve sleep quality. Given the probable effect of lavender on sleep problems, the present research intended to determine its effects on mothers' sleep quality during postpartum period. The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus databases and the Persian language databases (Magiran and SID) were searched for all the articles they included at the end of February 2021. The risk of bias of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane tool. The results of the meta-analysis were reported as the standardized mean difference (SMD). Heterogeneity of the studies was investigated using the I-squared test (I2). Three out of the 292 obtained studies entered the meta-analysis. The results indicated that sleep quality in the group receiving lavender improved compared to the control group, (SMD = -0.61; 95% CI: -1.07 to -015 p = 0.01) whereas the heterogeneity was higher. (I2 = 75%; Tau2 = 012; Chi2 = 7.905, p = 0.02). According to the results of this systematic review, use of lavender can improve postpartum maternal sleep quality. However, further randomized controlled trials using identical methodology, larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Seiiedi-Biarag
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mojgan Mirghafourvand
- Midwifery Department, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Alves-Silva J, Zuzarte M, Cavaleiro C, Salgueiro L. Antibiofilm Effect of Lavandula multifida Essential Oil: A New Approach for Chronic Infections. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2142. [PMID: 37631356 PMCID: PMC10458520 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal infections are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates, being highly prevalent in patients with underlying health complications such as chronic lung disease, HIV, cancer, and diabetes mellitus. To mitigate these infections, the development of effective antifungals is imperative, with plants standing out as promising sources of bioactive compounds. In the present study, we focus on the antibiofilm potential of Lavandula multifida essential oil (EO) against dermatophyte strains and Candida albicans. The EO was characterized using GC and GC-MS, and its antifungal effect was assessed on both biofilm formation and disruption. Biofilm mass, extracellular matrix, and viability were quantified using crystal violet, safranin, and XTT assays, respectively, and morphological alterations were confirmed using optical and scanning electron microscopy. L. multifida EO showed very high amounts of carvacrol and was very effective in inhibiting and disrupting fungal biofilms. The EO significantly decreased biofilm mass and viability in all tested fungi. In addition, a reduction in dermatophytes' extracellular matrix was observed, particularly during biofilm formation. Morphological alterations were evident in mature biofilms, with a clear decrease in hypha diameter. These promising results support the use of L. multifida EO in the development of effective plant-based antifungal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Alves-Silva
- Univ Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.A.-S.); (C.C.)
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mónica Zuzarte
- Univ Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.A.-S.); (C.C.)
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carlos Cavaleiro
- Univ Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.A.-S.); (C.C.)
- Univ Coimbra, Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre (CIEPQPF), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Rua Sílvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lígia Salgueiro
- Univ Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.A.-S.); (C.C.)
- Univ Coimbra, Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre (CIEPQPF), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Rua Sílvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
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Georgantopoulos A, Vougioukas A, Kalousi FD, Tsialtas I, Psarra AMG. Comparative Studies on the Anti-Inflammatory and Apoptotic Activities of Four Greek Essential Oils: Involvement in the Regulation of NF-κΒ and Steroid Receptor Signaling. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1534. [PMID: 37511910 PMCID: PMC10381560 DOI: 10.3390/life13071534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) are well-known for their anti-fungal, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and relaxing activities. Steroid hormones, especially glucocorticoids, are also well-known for their anti-inflammatory activities and control of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and glucose homeostasis. The biological activities of glucocorticoids render them the most widely prescribed anti-inflammatory drugs, despite their adverse side effects. In this study, comparative studies of the anti-inflammatory activities and interference with glucocorticoids receptor (GR) and estrogen receptor (ER) signaling of EOs from Greek Oregano, Melissa officinalis, Lavender and from the Chios Mastic, produced from the Greek endemic mastic tree, were performed in Human Embryonic Kidney 293 (HEK-293) cells. Chios Mastic (Mastiha) and oregano EOs exhibited the highest anti-inflammatory activities. The former showed a reduction in both NF-κB activity and protein levels. Mastic essential oil also caused a reduction in GR protein levels that may compensate for its boosting effect on dexamethasone (DEX)-induced GR transcriptional activation, ending up in no induction of the gluconeogenic phoshoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) protein levels that constitute the GR target. Oregano, Melissa officinalis and lavender EOs caused the suppression of the transcriptional activation of GR. Furthermore, the most active EO, that taken from Melissa officinalis, showed a reduction in both GR and PEPCK protein levels. Thus, the anti-inflammatory and anti-gluconeogenic activities of the EOs were uncovered, possibly via the regulation of GR signaling. Moreover, cytotoxic actions of Melissa officinalis and lavender EOs via the induction of mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis were revealed. Our results highlight these essentials oils' anti-inflammatory and apoptotic actions in relation to their implication on the regulation of steroid hormones' actions, uncovering their potential use in steroid therapy, with many applications in pharmaceutical and health industries as anti-cancer, anti-hyperglycemic and anti-inflammatory supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achilleas Georgantopoulos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Athanasios Vougioukas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Foteini D Kalousi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Ioannis Tsialtas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Anna-Maria G Psarra
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
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Habán M, Korczyk-Szabó J, Čerteková S, Ražná K. Lavandula Species, Their Bioactive Phytochemicals, and Their Biosynthetic Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108831. [PMID: 37240177 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Lavandula species are one of the most useful aromatic and medicinal plants and have great economic potential. The phytopharmaceutical contribution of the secondary metabolites of the species is unquestionable. Most recent studies have been focusing on the elucidation of the genetic background of secondary metabolite production in lavender species. Therefore, knowledge of not only genetic but especially epigenetic mechanisms for the regulation of secondary metabolites is necessary for the modification of those biosynthesis processes and the understanding of genotypic differences in the content and compositional variability of these products. The review discusses the genetic diversity of Lavandula species in relation to the geographic area, occurrence, and morphogenetic factors. The role of microRNAs in secondary-metabolites biosynthesis is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Habán
- Institute of Agronomic Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, 83232 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Joanna Korczyk-Szabó
- Institute of Agronomic Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Simona Čerteková
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Katarína Ražná
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
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Barou V, Rincón A, Calvet C, Camprubí A, Parladé J. Aromatic Plants and Their Associated Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Outcompete Tuber melanosporum in Compatibility Assays with Truffle-Oaks. Biology (Basel) 2023; 12:biology12040628. [PMID: 37106828 PMCID: PMC10136101 DOI: 10.3390/biology12040628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
The high value of black truffle recompenses the slow growth of the fungus when established in the field. Adding a secondary crop, such as medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs), could further enhance the sustainability of truffle production agro-forest systems. The dual cultures of ectomycorrhizal truffle-oak seedlings and MAPs (lavender, thyme, and sage) previously inoculated and non-inoculated with native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), were established to evaluate plant-fungi relationships. After 12 months in a shadehouse, plants' growth, mycorrhizal colonization, and extraradical soil mycelium (both of Tuber melanosporum and AMF) were measured. Overall, truffle-oaks' growth was negatively affected by the presence of MAPs, especially when inoculated with AMF. In turn, the presence of truffle-oaks barely affected the co-cultured MAPs, and only lavenders showed a significant growth reduction. All AMF-inoculated MAPs showed higher shoot and root biomass than non-inoculated ones. Compared to truffle-oaks growing alone, the presence of co-cultured MAPs, especially when they were AMF-inoculated, significantly decreased both the ectomycorrhizas and soil mycelium of T. melanosporum. These results reveal the strong competition between AMF and T. melanosporum and warn about the need for the protection of intercropping plants and their associated symbiotic fungi to avoid reciprocal counterproductive effects in mixed truffle-oak-AMF-MAP plantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Barou
- Centre de Cabrils, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, IRTA, Ctra. Cabrils km. 2, E-08348 Cabrils, Spain
| | - Ana Rincón
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, ICA-CSIC, C/Serrano 115 dpdo., E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cinta Calvet
- Centre de Cabrils, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, IRTA, Ctra. Cabrils km. 2, E-08348 Cabrils, Spain
| | - Amelia Camprubí
- Centre de Cabrils, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, IRTA, Ctra. Cabrils km. 2, E-08348 Cabrils, Spain
| | - Javier Parladé
- Centre de Cabrils, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, IRTA, Ctra. Cabrils km. 2, E-08348 Cabrils, Spain
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12
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Magden ER, Neal Webb S, Lambeth SP, Buchl SJ, Schapiro SJ. The Effects of Oral Lavender Therapy on Wounding in Chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes). Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13081382. [PMID: 37106945 PMCID: PMC10135126 DOI: 10.3390/ani13081382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lavender administration in humans has been shown to promote calmness without the side effects often observed with benzodiazepines. Studies in both humans and rodents have found that ingestion of oral lavender capsules resulted in significantly decreased anxiety. Additionally, mice developed an anti-conflict effect and humans increased socially inclusive behaviors. Given the safety of oral lavender oil and the observed benefits, we administered daily lavender capsules to six chimpanzees who exhibited conflict-instigating behaviors in an effort to further decrease our already low levels of wounding. We compared the total number of wounds in 25 chimpanzees housed with the six lavender-treated chimpanzees in five different social groups (1) prior to administration of daily oral lavender capsules to (2) total wounds during daily oral lavender capsule treatment. We hypothesized that lavender therapy treatment would reduce overall wounding in the social groups. Surprisingly, overall wounding was higher during the lavender treatment period (p = 0.01), yet the percentage of wounds requiring treatment significantly decreased during the lavender therapy period (36% vs. 21%, p = 0.02).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R Magden
- Michale E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 650 Cool Water Dr., Bastrop, TX 78602, USA
| | - Sarah Neal Webb
- Michale E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 650 Cool Water Dr., Bastrop, TX 78602, USA
| | - Susan P Lambeth
- Michale E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 650 Cool Water Dr., Bastrop, TX 78602, USA
| | - Stephanie J Buchl
- Michale E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 650 Cool Water Dr., Bastrop, TX 78602, USA
| | - Steven J Schapiro
- Michale E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 650 Cool Water Dr., Bastrop, TX 78602, USA
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Diass K, Merzouki M, Elfazazi K, Azzouzi H, Challioui A, Azzaoui K, Hammouti B, Touzani R, Depeint F, Ayerdi Gotor A, Rhazi L. Essential Oil of Lavandula officinalis: Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activities. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:1571. [PMID: 37050197 PMCID: PMC10097330 DOI: 10.3390/plants12071571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the chemical composition of the essential oil of Lavandula officinalis from Morocco using the GC-MS technique and assess the antibacterial effects against seven pathogenic bacteria strains isolated from the food origins of Salmonella infantis, Salmonella kentucky, Salmonella newport, three serotypes of Escherichia coli (O114H8K11, O127K88ac, O127H40K11) and Klebsiella. Tests of sensitivity were carried out on a solid surface using the Disc Diffusion Method. Results showed that E. coli and S.newport were sensitive to Lavandula officinalis essential oil. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined using the method of agar dilution. The antibacterial results showed that four strains (three serotypes of E. coli, and S. newport) were remarkedly sensitive to Lavandula officinalis essential oil, giving MIC values of 88.7 µg/mL and 177.5 µg/mL. The molecular docking of the main oil products with the E. coli target protein 1VLY, showed that eucalyptol and linalyl acetate bind efficiently with the active site of the target protein. In particular, eucalyptol showed a higher activity than gentamicin used as positive control with a binding energy of -5.72 kcal/mol and -5.55 kcal/mol, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaoula Diass
- Laboratory of Applied and Environmental Chemistry (LCAE), Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (K.D.); (R.T.)
| | - Mohammed Merzouki
- Laboratoire de Chimie Appliquée et Environnement-Equipe Chimie Organique Macromoléculaire et Phytochimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Ier, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (M.M.); (A.C.)
| | - Kaoutar Elfazazi
- Agro-Food Technology and Quality Laboratory, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Tadla, National Institute of Agricultural Research, Avenue Ennasr, BP 415 Rabat Principale, Rabat 10090, Morocco; (K.E.); (H.A.)
| | - Hanane Azzouzi
- Agro-Food Technology and Quality Laboratory, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Tadla, National Institute of Agricultural Research, Avenue Ennasr, BP 415 Rabat Principale, Rabat 10090, Morocco; (K.E.); (H.A.)
| | - Allal Challioui
- Laboratoire de Chimie Appliquée et Environnement-Equipe Chimie Organique Macromoléculaire et Phytochimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Ier, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (M.M.); (A.C.)
| | - Khalil Azzaoui
- Laboratory of Engineering, Electrochemistry, Modeling and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, BP 1796, Fez 30050, Morocco;
| | - Belkheir Hammouti
- Laboratory of Industrial Engineering, Energy and The Environment (LI3E) SUPMTI, Rabat 10000, Morocco
| | - Rachid Touzani
- Laboratory of Applied and Environmental Chemistry (LCAE), Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (K.D.); (R.T.)
| | - Flore Depeint
- Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, Université d’Artois, ULR 7519, UniLaSalle, 19 rue Pierre Waguet, BP 30313, 60026 Beauvais, France;
| | - Alicia Ayerdi Gotor
- Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, AGHYLE, UP 2018.C101, UniLaSalle, 19 rue Pierre Waguet, BP 30313, 60026 Beauvais, France;
| | - Larbi Rhazi
- Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, Université d’Artois, ULR 7519, UniLaSalle, 19 rue Pierre Waguet, BP 30313, 60026 Beauvais, France;
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Lazarova K, Christova D, Karashanova D, Georgieva B, Marovska G, Slavov A, Babeva T. Blending Approach Preparation of PVA- g-PMA Films with Embedded "Green" Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles for Acetone Optical Detection. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:2941. [PMID: 36991647 PMCID: PMC10056088 DOI: 10.3390/s23062941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The blending approach (also known as the ex-situ approach) was used for the deposition of thin composite films comprising poly(vinyl alcohol-graft-methyl acrylate) (PVA-g-PMA) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Firstly, the copolymer aqueous dispersion was synthesized through the redox polymerization of methyl acrylate (MA) on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) using ammonium cerium (IV) nitrate as the initiator. Then, AgNPs were synthesized through a "green" method using the water extract of lavender based on by-products of the essential oil industry, and then they were blended with the polymer. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to determine nanoparticle size, along with their stability over time in suspension, during the 30-day period. Thin films of the PVA-g-PMA copolymer, with different AgNP volume fractions varying between 0.008 and 0.260%, were deposited via the spin-coating method on Si substrates, and their optical properties were explored. UV-VIS-NIR spectroscopy and non-linear curve fitting were used for the determination of the refractive index, extinction coefficient, and thickness of the films, while photoluminescence measurements at room temperature were conducted for studying the emission of the films. The concentration dependence of film thickness was observed and showed that thickness increased linearly from 31 nm to 75 nm when the nanoparticles' weight content increased from 0.3 wt% to 2.3 wt%. The sensing properties toward acetone vapors were tested in a controlled atmosphere by measuring reflectance spectra before and during exposure to the analyte molecules in the same film spot; the swelling degree of films was calculated and compared to the corresponding undoped samples. It was shown that the concentration of AgNPs of 1.2 wt% in the films is optimal for the enhancement of the sensing response toward acetone. The influence of AgNPs on the films' properties was revealed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Lazarova
- Institute of Optical Materials and Technologies “Acad. J. Malinowski”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Akad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 109, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Darinka Christova
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Akad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 103-A, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Daniela Karashanova
- Institute of Optical Materials and Technologies “Acad. J. Malinowski”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Akad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 109, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Biliana Georgieva
- Institute of Optical Materials and Technologies “Acad. J. Malinowski”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Akad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 109, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Gergana Marovska
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Inorganic Chemistry, Technological Faculty, University of Food Technologies, 26 Maritza Blvd, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Anton Slavov
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Inorganic Chemistry, Technological Faculty, University of Food Technologies, 26 Maritza Blvd, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Tsvetanka Babeva
- Institute of Optical Materials and Technologies “Acad. J. Malinowski”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Akad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 109, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Wang L, Fu J, Jiang X, Li D. Solid-phase extraction based on PDMS/ionic liquid sponge followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for rapid and sensitive determination of volatile components in lavender. Phytochem Anal 2023; 34:225-239. [PMID: 36567448 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Due to the complexity and the low concentrations of volatile components in aromatic plants, sample pretreatment is an important step in the whole analytical procedure. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to propose a novel, sensitive and fast approach to determine the volatile components in lavender. METHODS The 1-butyl-3-(propyltrimethoxysilane)imidazolium chloride ([BPtmsim]Cl) ionic liquid was introduced onto the surface of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to prepare a novel PDMS/[BPtmsim]Cl sponge with large surface area, good sorption performance, and reusability. A solid-phase extraction method was developed based on PDMS/[BPtmsim]Cl sponge combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). RESULTS The effects of the various experimental parameters on the extraction efficiency were investigated. The optimal conditions were [BPtmsim]Cl amount of 0.3 g, 1:4 as the mass ratio of PDMS/[BPtmsim]Cl to lavender sample, microwave power of 700 W, microwave time of 10 min, and n-hexane as the desorption solvent. The method validation results showed good linearity (10-800 μg/ml), high correlation coefficient (R2 ≥ 0.9991), low limits of detection (1.73-2.50 ng/μl), and limits of quantification (4.10-5.11 ng/μl). The interday and intraday precision with relative standard deviation (RSD) values were below 1.93% and 4.71%, respectively. Under the optimal extraction conditions, 16 lavender samples from three different species were analysed and a total of 57 volatile compounds were identified. The correlation between different species of lavender and volatile components was explored using principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). CONCLUSION The results showed that PDMS/[BPtmsim]Cl extraction is a rapid, highly efficient, and sensitive technique for the determination of volatile components in complex plant samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jihong Fu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xinxing Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Dandan Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
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Shamabadi A, Akhondzadeh S. Efficacy and tolerability of Lavandula angustifolia in treating patients with the diagnosis of depression: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J Complement Integr Med 2023; 20:81-91. [PMID: 34420270 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2020-0498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacotherapy is the conventional treatment for depression, with only half of the patients responding to the first trial of monotherapy with first-line medicines. One way to overcome this resistance is to use complementary and alternative medicine. The antidepressant effects of Lavandula angustifolia, which is commonly called lavender, have been investigated in previous studies. This study aims to provide the first systematic review of lavender in treating patients with depression diagnosis. ISI Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Google Scholar, and three trial registries were searched until May 2020 to find randomized controlled trials on lavender for depressed patients. The primary outcome was difference between the intervention and control groups in changing depression scores from baseline to endpoint. The included studies were assessed for effect size and methodological quality. Seven clinical trials were identified, in which 852 patients were studied. In six trials, the effectiveness of lavender in treating depression was reported, as being more pronounced adjunct to a typical antidepressant in one study. Significant reported side effects include headaches and eructation. Lavender is beneficial, tolerable, and safe in treating depression. Despite obtaining promising results, they are not enough to recommend prescribing lavender to depressed patients. Further high-quality, large-scale studies for rectifying the shortcomings of existing studies are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Shamabadi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Psychiatric Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin Akhondzadeh
- Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Psychiatric Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Woźniak M, Hoppe K, Drzewiecka K. Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Content in Garden Herbal Plants Using Liquid Chromatographic Analysis (HPLC-FL). Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:551. [PMID: 36771635 PMCID: PMC9921261 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of chemical compounds generated as a result of the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels or wood. PAHs are known for their negative effect on living organisms, including teratogenic, carcinogenic and mutagenic activity. The objective of this study is to determine the contamination of three popular herbal species showing pro-health properties, i.e., lavender, parsley and mint, with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, collected from three different backyard gardens in Poland. The concentration of PAHs in plant material was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescence detector (HPLC-FL). The concentration of eleven PAHs in plant material was determined with high-pressure liquid chromatography after extraction using the QuEChERS purification technique. Mint collected within an area of a mining and energy production complex (the city of Konin) was characterized by the highest Σ of 11 PAHs, equaled to 902.35 µg/g FW, with anthracene being the most abundant compound. However, it contained the lowest sum of PAHs, among all tested plants, with high carcinogenicity. Parsley from the city of Poznań showed the highest content of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), showing the strongest carcinogenicity, while the highest value of BaP equivalent was calculated for mint collected in Konin. The obtained results suggest that the level and profile of plant contamination with PAHs depend on the species and the location of herb cultivation. In particular, mining and energy industry facilities are sources of PAHs, which contaminate plant material for further direct use or as bioactive herbal extracts.
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Martella N, Colardo M, Sergio W, Petraroia M, Varone M, Pensabene D, Russo M, Di Bartolomeo S, Ranalli G, Saviano G, Segatto M. Lavender Essential Oil Modulates Hepatic Cholesterol Metabolism in HepG2 Cells. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:364-378. [PMID: 36661512 PMCID: PMC9857966 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol is an essential lipid that guarantees several biological processes in eukaryotic cells. Its metabolism is regulated by a complex protein network that could be significantly influenced by numerous exogenous sources, such as essential oils (EOs). For instance, it has been speculated that monoterpenoid and sesquiterpenoid compounds contained in lavender essential oil (LEO) may exert important hypocholesterolemic activities. However, the molecular mechanisms by which LEO influences cholesterol homeostasis are not characterized. In this work, we evaluated the ability of LEO to regulate the protein network that controls cholesterol metabolism in the HepG2 cell line. The main findings indicate that LEO administration increases intracellular cholesterol content. Concurrently, LEO affects the expression of proteins involved in cholesterol uptake, biosynthesis, and trafficking. These effects are partially mediated by terpinene-4-ol, one of the most abundant compounds in LEO. These results demonstrate that LEO modulates cholesterol metabolism in hepatic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Martella
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Contrada Fonte Lappone, 86090 Pesche, Italy
| | - Mayra Colardo
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Contrada Fonte Lappone, 86090 Pesche, Italy
| | - William Sergio
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Contrada Fonte Lappone, 86090 Pesche, Italy
| | - Michele Petraroia
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Contrada Fonte Lappone, 86090 Pesche, Italy
| | - Michela Varone
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Contrada Fonte Lappone, 86090 Pesche, Italy
| | - Daniele Pensabene
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, Viale Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Miriam Russo
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Contrada Fonte Lappone, 86090 Pesche, Italy
| | - Sabrina Di Bartolomeo
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Contrada Fonte Lappone, 86090 Pesche, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Ranalli
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Contrada Fonte Lappone, 86090 Pesche, Italy
| | - Gabriella Saviano
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Contrada Fonte Lappone, 86090 Pesche, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Marco Segatto
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Contrada Fonte Lappone, 86090 Pesche, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (M.S.)
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19
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Sharifipour F, Heydarpour S, Salari N. Comparison of Aromatherapy with Citrus aurantium and Lavender on Sexual Satisfaction in Breastfeeding Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Breastfeed Med 2023; 18:23-29. [PMID: 36603110 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2022.0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aroma of Citrus aurantium and Lavender essence on sexual satisfaction in breastfeeding women. Materials and Methods: This was a double-blind randomized controlled trial that was conducted on 180 breastfeeding women from January to May 2019. The participants were allocated to three groups of Citrus aurantium (n = 60), Lavender (n = 60), and control (n = 60) groups. Two groups of intervention used 2 drops of essential oil, twice a day, for 40 days as inhalation. The control group received almond oil in the same. The sexual satisfaction was evaluated using the Linda Berg's Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire before the intervention and 40 days after the intervention started. The data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical software, version 21, and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: After the 40 days of intervention, the mean score of sexual satisfaction was significantly higher in the Citrus aurantium and Lavender groups compared with the control group (59.3 ± 11.7, 59.3 ± 11.6 vs. 52.02 ± 11.5, p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between Lavender and Citrus aurantium groups. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the aroma of Citrus aurantium and Lavender essence could significantly improve the sexual satisfaction of breastfeeding women. Therefore, it is recommended that health care providers should inform the breastfeeding women and advise them to use these interventions for increase of the sexual satisfaction. Trial Registration Number: IRCT20160427027633N3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foruzan Sharifipour
- Department of Midwifery and Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Sousan Heydarpour
- Department of Reproductive Health, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Nader Salari
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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20
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Dobros N, Zawada KD, Paradowska K. Phytochemical Profiling, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Plants Belonging to the Lavandula Genus. Molecules 2022; 28:molecules28010256. [PMID: 36615453 PMCID: PMC9821988 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lavender is a valuable medicinal plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family. Currently 39 species are known, but only Lavandula angustifolia is a pharmacopoeial raw material. Lavender has a long history of medicinal use and mainly exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, sedative, antidepressant, spasmolytic, anticholinesterases, antifungal and antibacterial properties. Used internally, it relieves symptoms of mental stress and insomnia and supports digestion. Topical use of lavender in aromatherapy, neuralgia and antiseptics is also known. The constant interest in lavender, and in particular in Lavandula angustifolia, in the field of medicine and pharmacy is evidenced by the growing number of publications. In view of so many studies, it seems important to review traditional and modern extraction techniques that determine the chemical composition responsible for the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of various extracts from the species of the Lavandula genus.
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21
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DiGalbo RT, Reynolds SS. Use of Topical Lavender Essential Oils to Reduce Perceptions of Burnout in Critical Care. AACN Adv Crit Care 2022; 33:312-318. [PMID: 36477841 DOI: 10.4037/aacnacc2022289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intensive care unit (ICU) health care workers face increased burnout. The purpose of this project was to evaluate burnout after implementing lavender essential oils. OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of topical lavender essential oils in decreasing the instance of burnout in frontline ICU health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A predesign and postdesign evidence-based practice project was conducted to evaluate the implications of an 8-week topical lavender oil intervention on health care worker burnout. The Maslach Burnout Inventory, including subscales of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment, was administered before and after the intervention. Health care workers' compliance and satisfaction with the intervention were also measured. RESULTS Thirty-four ICU health care workers participated. Results showed significant improvements in the personal accomplishment subscale (mean [SD], 3.86 [0.81] before vs 4.14 [1.01] after intervention; P = .04). Improvements in depersonalization were not significant. Most participants were satisfied (n = 23 [67.6%]) and compliant (n = 23 [67.6%]) with the intervention. CONCLUSION The use of topical lavender essential oils is a cost-effective intervention that can be used to decrease components of burnout in frontline ICU workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel T DiGalbo
- Rachel T. DiGalbo is a Critical Care Nurse Practitioner, Virtua Health, 240 Whitemarsh Drive, Sewell, NJ 08080
| | - Staci S Reynolds
- Staci S. Reynolds is an Associate Professor, Duke University School of Nursing, Durham, North Carolina
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22
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Wainer J, Thomas A, Chimhau T, Harding KG. Extraction of Essential Oils from Lavandula × intermedia 'Margaret Roberts' Using Steam Distillation, Hydrodistillation, and Cellulase-Assisted Hydrodistillation: Experimentation and Cost Analysis. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:3479. [PMID: 36559590 PMCID: PMC9785002 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Lavender oil is an important essential oil with many applications. The purpose of this study was to compare different methods of essential oil extraction to determine which method would be the most effective and profitable for commercial-scale production from Lavandula × intermedia ('Margret Roberts') flowers and leaves. The lavender from this variety flowers year-round, providing an extended production season compared to some other lavender varieties. Steam distillation, hydrodistillation, and cellulase-assisted hydrodistillation were used to extract oil. The average extraction times for steam distillation, hydrodistillation, and cellulase-assisted hydrodistillation were 57-, 51-, and 49 min, respectively, and the average energy consumption was 15.0-, 13.4-, and 30.8 kJ/g, respectively. Cellulase-assisted hydrodistillation produced the best quality oils, with a lower camphor content and a sweeter, more pleasant smell, while steam-distilled oils had the highest camphor content, as well as a more plant-like smell. Factors affecting scale-up (surface area of cut plants, equipment loading times, energy efficiencies, safety, mixing) have been discussed, while a basic cost analysis of theoretical large-scale processes showed that hydrodistillation and cellulase-assisted hydrodistillation would be the most and least profitable methods, respectively. Overall, hydrodistillation is recommended as the best method for commercial lavender oil production.
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23
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Ridouh I, Hackshaw KV. Essential Oils and Neuropathic Pain. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:1797. [PMID: 35890431 PMCID: PMC9323890 DOI: 10.3390/plants11141797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is one of the most prominent chronic pain syndromes, affecting almost 10% of the United States population. While there are a variety of established pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatment options, including tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors, anticonvulsants, trigger point injections, and spinal cord stimulators, many patients continue to have chronic pain or suboptimal symptom control. This has led to an increased interest in alternative solutions for neuropathic pain such as nutritional supplements and essential oils. In this review, we explore the literature on the most commonly cited essential oils, including lavender, bergamot, rosemary, nutmeg, Billy goat weed, and eucalyptus. However, the literature is limited and largely comprised of preclinical animal models and a few experimental studies, some of which were poorly designed and did not clearly isolate the effects of the essential oil treatment. Additionally, no standardized method of dosing or route of administration has been established. Further randomized control studies isolating the active components of various essential oils are needed to provide conclusive evidence on the use of essential oils for neuropathic pain. In this review, we explore the basis behind some of the essential oils of interest to patients with neuropathic pain seen in rheumatology clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imane Ridouh
- Dell Medical School, University of Texas, 1601 Trinity St., Austin, TX 78712, USA;
| | - Kevin V. Hackshaw
- Dell Medical School, University of Texas, 1601 Trinity St., Austin, TX 78712, USA;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Dell Medical School, University of Texas, 1601 Trinity St., Austin, TX 78712, USA
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24
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Kavurmacı M, Sarıaslan A, Yıldız İ. Determination the effects of lavender oil quality of sleep and fatigue of students. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:1013-1020. [PMID: 34114222 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was conducted to determine the effects of lavender oil on the quality of sleep and fatigue of students. DESIGN AND METHODS This study is an experimental study conducted with the intervention and control groups (pretest/posttest). In the intervention group, the students were treated with aromatherapy for one week. FINDINGS It was found that the posttest Pittsburgh sleep quality index and checklist individual strength scores of the students in the intervention group were lower than those of the students in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The results show that the use of lavender oil is an effective, reliable, and accessible method to relieve insomnia and fatigue problems of students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehtap Kavurmacı
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Nursing Faculty, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ayşenur Sarıaslan
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Nursing Faculty, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - İdris Yıldız
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Nursing Faculty, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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25
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Lamacque L, Sabin F, Améglio T, Herbette S, Charrier G. Detection of acoustic events in lavender for measuring xylem vulnerability to embolism and cellular damage. J Exp Bot 2022; 73:3699-3710. [PMID: 35176148 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Acoustic emission analysis is promising to investigate the physiological events leading to drought-induced injury and mortality. However, their nature and source are not fully understood, making this technique difficult to use as a direct measure of the loss of xylem hydraulic conductance. Acoustic emissions were recorded during severe dehydration in lavender plants (Lavandula angustifolia) and compared with the dynamics of embolism development and cell damage. The timing and characteristics of acoustic signals from two independent recording systems were compared by principal component analysis (PCA). Changes in water potential, branch diameter, loss of hydraulic conductance, and cellular damage were also measured to quantify drought-induced damages. Two distinct phases of acoustic emissions were observed during dehydration: the first one associated with a rapid loss of diameter and a significant increase in loss of xylem conductance (90%), and the second with slower changes in diameter and a significant increase in cellular damage. Based on PCA, a developed algorithm discriminated hydraulic-related acoustic signals from other sources, proposing a reconstruction of hydraulic vulnerability curves. Cellular damage preceded by hydraulic failure seems to lead to a lack of recovery. The second acoustic phase would allow detection of plant mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia Lamacque
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, PIAF, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Institut Technique Interprofessionnel Plantes à Parfum, Médicinal, Aromatiques et Industrielles, 26740 Montboucher-sur-Jabron, France
- CNRS Aix-Marseille University, France
| | - Florian Sabin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, PIAF, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Thierry Améglio
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, PIAF, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Stéphane Herbette
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, PIAF, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Guillaume Charrier
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, PIAF, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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26
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Rathore S, Kumar R. Essential Oil Content and Compositional Variability of Lavandula Species Cultivated in the Mid Hill Conditions of the Western Himalaya. Molecules 2022; 27:3391. [PMID: 35684332 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase in the utilization of Lavandula essential oil in industries led to an impressive rise in the demand for quality essential oils. However, a post-harvest drying of Lavandula species can be a decisive factor to determine the quantity and quality of essential oil. The study was conducted in western Himalayan conditions to assess the essential oil content and composition of two Lavandula species viz., lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.), and lavandin (Lavandula × intermedia Emeric ex Loisel), at four different drying duration (0 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after the harvest). The higher growth attributes viz., plant height (71.7 cm), ear length (8.8 cm), number of spikes (18.1), and number of flowers per ear (47.5) were higher in lavandin, while the number of branches (17.1) was higher in lavender. Essential oil content (%) and moisture reduction (%) were significantly higher at 72 h than at 0 h. The major components of lavender and lavandin essential oil were linalool (33.6–40.5%), linalyl acetate (10.8–13.6%), lavandulyl acetate (2.8–14.5%), and linalyl propionate (5.3–14.1%) in both the Lavandula species. There was a decreasing trend in linalool and an increasing trend in linalyl acetate content in lavandin, with an increase in drying duration up to 72 h; while in lavender, no regular trend was observed in linalool and linalyl acetate content. It was observed that linalool and linalyl acetate levels were the highest at 24 and 0 h of drying in lavender and lavandin, respectively, and essential oil extraction can be done according to the desire of the constituent at varied drying duration.
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27
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Deng X, Lu Z, Chen J, Chen W. Essential Oil Compositions, Antioxidant Activities, and Procollagen Synthesis Abilities of Four Lavandula angustifolia Varieties. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2022; 23:CPB-EPUB-123678. [PMID: 35585817 DOI: 10.2174/1389201023666220517123517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lavender is an essential commercial crop with multiple varieties grown in the Ili River valley. The lavender essential oils (LEOs) produced from various vary in quality. METHODS This study evaluated the biological activity of LEOs from the four commonly planted Lavandula angustifolia cultivars (L.Angustifolia 'Xinxun-1'-'Xinxun-4') in Ili. The chemical composition, antioxidant activity, and effect on human skin fibroblasts were analyzed. RESULTS Gas chromatography results, coupled with flame ionization detection and mass spectrometry of the LEOs, indicated the presence of linalool, linalyl acetate, geranyl acetate, and trans-β-ocimene as the significant components of the essential oils. All LEOs exhibited significant antioxidant activity, with Xinxun3 oil exhibiting the most vigorous activity. Xinxun2 showed the highest ferrous ion chelating activity and reducing power, displaying the most increased collagen regeneration activity. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first report on the collagen regeneration ability of LEO from the Ili river valley and reveals Xinxun2 as a potential collagen regeneration promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Deng
- Textile College,Changzhou Vocational Institute of Textile and Garment, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoyi Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahan Chen
- General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Region PLA, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Key laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi Xinjiang, 832000, People's Republic of China
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28
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Pokajewicz K, Białoń M, Svydenko L, Hudz N, Balwierz R, Marciniak D, Wieczorek PP. Comparative Evaluation of the Essential Oil of the New Ukrainian Lavandula angustifolia and Lavandula x intermedia Cultivars Grown on the Same Plots. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27072152. [PMID: 35408552 PMCID: PMC9000678 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
New cultivars of lavender adapted to arid steppe conditions were developed by the Institute of Rice of Ukrainian National Academy of Agrarian Sciences (NAAS). This work is a part of the characterization process of the new cultivars. The chemical composition of the essential oil of the seven new Lavandula angustifolia and eight new Lavandula x intermedia cultivars was investigated and compared. In total, 71 different compounds were identified. Linalool and linalool acetate were the main components in both species in ranges of 26.14-57.07% and 9.08-24.45%, respectively. They were followed by terpinen-4-ol (2.16-22.44%), lavandulyl acetate (2.12-10.23%), and lavandulol (1.30-3.14) in the case of L. angustifolia and camphor (10.11-12.55%), borneol (5.49-8.71%), and eucalyptol (0.47-7.41%) in the case of L. x intermedia. The oils had a valuable terpene profile-a high linalool content and the substantial presence of lavandulol and its ester. Nevertheless, they did not comply with the industry standards, mostly due to high levels of terpinene-4-ol. Evidently, a high content of terpinen-4-ol is a characteristic feature of L. angustifolia oils bred in Ukraine. Additionally, the LA3 cultivar yielded an oil with some of the highest linalool contents reported in the literature. Statistical analysis and literature data allowed for the comparative analysis of the gathered data. MANOVA, PCA, and HCA marked caryophyllene oxide as another potential differentiating compound between studied species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Pokajewicz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Opole, 45-052 Opole, Poland; (M.B.); (P.P.W.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Marietta Białoń
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Opole, 45-052 Opole, Poland; (M.B.); (P.P.W.)
| | - Liudmyla Svydenko
- Sector of Mobilization and Conservation of Plant Resources, Rice Institute, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences, 74992 Kherson, Ukraine;
| | - Nataliia Hudz
- Department of Drug Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine;
- Department of Pharmacy and Ecological Chemistry, University of Opole, 45-052 Opole, Poland;
| | - Radosław Balwierz
- Department of Pharmacy and Ecological Chemistry, University of Opole, 45-052 Opole, Poland;
| | - Dominik Marciniak
- Department of Drug Forms Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wrocław Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Piotr Paweł Wieczorek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Opole, 45-052 Opole, Poland; (M.B.); (P.P.W.)
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Itoh T, Masuda Y, Matsubara I, Arai J, Shin W. Examination of VOC Concentration of Aroma Essential Oils and Their Major VOCs Diffused in Room Air. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:2904. [PMID: 35270596 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study analyzed temporal variation of the composition of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at different diffusion time of gaseous phase of aroma compounds of four essential oils, lavender, tea tree, eucalyptus, and melissa. GC/MS methodology with the trace gas sampling by a thermal desorption tube is used to quantitatively determine the concentration of the corresponding 14 kinds of major and original VOCs in four essential oils. This study revealed for the first time that the concentration level of gaseous phase composition is varied, with a diffusion time from that of the liquid phase at equilibrium with it and the VOCs in the essential oils are classified into two groups, depending on whether their concentration with the time. It is verified that the total concentration of VOCs of these essential oils in the room air diffused by the ultrasonic diffuser is as low as 0.6 ppb and decreased soon below 0.1 ppb.
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Truzzi E, Chaouch MA, Rossi G, Tagliazucchi L, Bertelli D, Benvenuti S. Characterization and Valorization of the Agricultural Waste Obtained from Lavandula Steam Distillation for Its Reuse in the Food and Pharmaceutical Fields. Molecules 2022; 27:1613. [PMID: 35268713 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The main focus of the current research was the characterization of the by-products from the steam distillation of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. (LA) and Lavandula x intermedia Emeric ex Loisel (LI) aerial parts, as they are important sources of bioactive compounds suitable for several applications in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. The oil-exhausted biomasses were extracted and the total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were, respectively, 19.22 ± 4.16 and 1.56 ± 0.21 mg/g for LA extract and 17.06 ± 3.31 and 1.41 ± 0.10 mg/g for LI extract. The qualitative analysis by liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS) revealed that both the extracts were rich in phenolic acids and glycosylated flavonoids. The extracts exhibited radical scavenging, chelating, reducing activities, and inhibitory capacities on acetylcholinesterase and tyrosinase. The IC50 values against acetylcholinesterase and tyrosinase were, respectively, 5.35 ± 0.47 and 5.26 ± 0.02 mg/mL for LA, and 6.67 ± 0.12 and 6.56 ± 0.16 mg/mL for LI extracts. In conclusion, the oil-exhausted biomasses demonstrated to represent important sources of bioactive compounds, suitable for several applications in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.
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Dębczak A, Tyśkiewicz K, Fekner Z, Kamiński P, Florkowski G, Konkol M, Rój E, Grzegorczyk A, Malm A. Molecular Distillation of Lavender Supercritical Extracts: Physicochemical and Antimicrobial Characterization of Feedstocks and Assessment of Distillates Enriched with Oxygenated Fragrance Components. Molecules 2022; 27:1470. [PMID: 35268571 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lavandula angustifolia is one of the most widely cultivated non-food crops used in the production of essential oil; it is used in perfumery, aromatherapy, pharmaceutical preparations, and food ingredients. In this study, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and molecular distillation (MD) were combined, primarily to enrich scCO2 extracts with lavender oxygenated monoterpenes, avoiding thermal degradation, hydrolysis, and solvent contamination, and maintaining the natural characteristics of the obtained oils. Molecular distillation was developed for the first time for the extraction of crucial lavender fragrance ingredients, i.e., from two scCO2 extracts obtained from dry flower stems of lavender cultivated in Poland and Bulgaria. The best results for high-quality distillates were obtained at 85 °C (EVT) and confirmed that linalyl acetate content increased from 51.54 mg/g (initial Bulgarian lavender extract, L-Bg-E) and 89.53 mg/g (initial Polish lavender extract, L-Pl-E) to 118.41 and 185.42 mg/g, respectively, corresponding to increases of 2.3 and 2.1 times in both distillate streams, respectively. The distillates, light oils, and extracts from lavender were also evaluated for their antimicrobial properties by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by the broth microdilution method. Generally, Gram-positive bacteria and Candida spp. were more sensitive to all distilled fractions and extracts than Escherichia coli (Gram-negative bacteria).
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Philippe F, Dubrulle N, Marteaux B, Bonnet B, Choisy P, Berthon JY, Garnier L, Leconte N, Milesi S, Morvan PY, Saunois A, Sun JS, Weber S, Giraud N. Combining DNA Barcoding and Chemical fingerprints to authenticate Lavender raw material. Int J Cosmet Sci 2021; 44:91-102. [PMID: 34860432 PMCID: PMC9305429 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study was initiated and conducted by several laboratories, 3 of the main cosmetic ingredient suppliers and 4 brands of cosmetics in France. Its objective is to show the interest and robustness of coupling chemical and genetic analyses in the identification of plant species. In this study, the Lavandula genus was used. Methods In this study, we used two analytical methods. Chemical analysis from UHPLC (ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography) and genetic analysis from barcoding with genetic markers. Results Eleven lavender species were selected (botanically authenticated) and analysed. The results show that three chemical compounds (coumaric acid hexoside, ferulic acid hexoside and rosmarinic acid) and three genetic markers (RbcL, trnH‐psbA and ITS) are of interest for the differentiation of species of the genus lavandula. Conclusion The results show that the combination of complementary analytical methods is a relevant system to prove the botanical identification of lavender species. This first study, carried out on a plant of interest for cosmetics, demonstrates the need for authentication using a tool combining genetic and chemical analysis as an advance over traditional investigation methods used alone, in terms of identification and authentication reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Philippe
- DNA Gensee, 17 rue du lac saint andré, Le Bourget du Lac, 73370, France
| | - Nelly Dubrulle
- DNA Gensee, 17 rue du lac saint andré, Le Bourget du Lac, 73370, France
| | - Benjamin Marteaux
- DNA Gensee, 17 rue du lac saint andré, Le Bourget du Lac, 73370, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jian-Sheng Sun
- Structure et Instabilite des Génomes, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, INSERM, 43 rue Cuvier, Paris, 75005, France
| | | | - Nicole Giraud
- DNA Gensee, 17 rue du lac saint andré, Le Bourget du Lac, 73370, France
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Mohammad Rezaie S, Shahabinejad M, Loripoor M, Sayadi AR. The effect of aromatherapy with lavender essential oil on the working memory of women with multiple sclerosis. J Med Life 2021; 14:776-781. [PMID: 35126747 PMCID: PMC8811666 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2020-0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Working memory, one of the cognitive components, may be impaired in patients with multiple sclerosis. Accordingly, this study aims to determine the effects of aromatherapy with lavender essential oil on the working memory of women with multiple sclerosis (MS). In this clinical trial, 60 women with multiple sclerosis were selected using the sampling method from patients referred to the MS Clinic of Rafsanjan. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the participants were randomly divided into intervention and placebo groups. In addition, the working memory test developed by Daneman and Carpenter was used to evaluate the participants’ working memory before the intervention and the day after the last intervention. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics version 18.0. According to intragroup comparison results and based on the paired t-test, the mean score of the working memory before the intervention in the intervention group was 82.77±6.87, which increased to 87.64±5.57 after the intervention (P<0.001). The average working memory score of the placebo group was 80.30±11.09 and 82.09±11.31 before and after the intervention, respectively, which did not have a statistically significant difference (P=0.154). Based on findings from the independent t-test, the mean scores of working memory had a statistically significant difference between the intervention and placebo groups after the intervention (P=0.02). According to the results from this study, aromatherapy with lavender essential oil improved working memory in women with multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mohammad Rezaie
- Internal Surgery Nursing, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Maryam Shahabinejad
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Marzeyeh Loripoor
- Department of Midwifery, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Sayadi
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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Truzzi E, Marchetti L, Bertelli D, Benvenuti S. Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy coupled with chemometric analysis for detection and quantification of adulteration in lavender and citronella essential oils. Phytochem Anal 2021; 32:907-920. [PMID: 33565180 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The growing consumer interest in "naturals" led to an increased application of essential oils (EOs). The market outbreak induced the intensification of EO adulterations, which could affect their quality. OBJECTIVES Nowadays, little is known about the illegal practice of adulteration of EOs with vegetable oils. Therefore, the application of mid-infrared spectroscopy coupled with chemometrics was proposed for the detection of EO counterfeits. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two EOs, three seed oils, and their mixtures were selected to build the adulteration model. EO-adulterant mixtures for model calibration and validation were analyzed by attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. The spectral data were analyzed with principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least-squares (PLS) regression. RESULTS PCA allowed the discrimination of the EO and adulterant percentages by explaining 97.47% of the total spectral variance with two principal components. A PLS regression model was generated with three factors explaining 97.73% and 99.69% of the total variance in X and Y, respectively. The root mean square error of calibration and the root mean square error of cross-validation were 0.918 and 1.049, respectively. The root mean square error of prediction value obtained from the external validation set was 1.588 and the coefficients of determination R2 CAL and R2 CV were 0.997 and 0.996, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The results highlighted the robustness of the developed method in quantifying counterfeits in the range from 0 to 50% of adulterants, disregarding the type of EO and adulterant employed. The present work offers a research advance and makes an important impact in phytochemistry, revealing an easily applicable method for EO quality assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Truzzi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via G. Campi 103, Modena, 41125, Italy
| | - Lucia Marchetti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via G. Campi 103, Modena, 41125, Italy
- Doctorate School in Clinical and Experimental Medicine (CEM), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, 41125, Italy
| | - Davide Bertelli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via G. Campi 103, Modena, 41125, Italy
| | - Stefania Benvenuti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via G. Campi 103, Modena, 41125, Italy
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Gantner G, Spiess D, Randecker E, Quack Lötscher KC, Simões-Wüst AP. Use of Herbal Medicines for the Treatment of Mild Mental Disorders and/or Symptoms During Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Survey. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:729724. [PMID: 34690768 PMCID: PMC8531499 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.729724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the treatment of mild mental disorders and/or symptoms (MDS) during pregnancy. Our main purpose was to compare the use of herbal medicines during pregnancy in women with and without MDS. A questionnaire consisting of 21 multiple-choice questions was distributed in the participating obstetrics clinics or birth centers in the Canton of Zurich, in Switzerland, from August 2018 to March 2019; 398 questionnaires were considered in the analysis. The use of any type of herbal medicines-including pharmaceutical herbal products as well as teas-during pregnancy was reported by 358 women (out of 398, 89.9%). Of these, 272 participants used pharmaceutical herbal products, whereby ginger (49.2%), raspberry leaf (42.7%), bryophyllum (37.8%), chamomile (27.2%), lavender (22%) and iron-rich herbs (12.3%) were the ones most commonly mentioned. More than half (207/398, 52.0%) of all participants reported suffering from MDS during pregnancy; only a few took (synthetic) psychoactive medications (5/398, 1.3%). The percentage of use of pharmaceutical herbal medicines was higher among women reporting MDS than among the remaining women (90.0 vs 75.9%; p < 0.001). At the same time, the prevalence of MDS was higher among users of pharmaceutical herbal products than among non-users (59.6 vs 34.0%; p = 0.001). Specific questions on candidate herbal medicines for the treatment of mild MDS revealed that bryophyllum (mentioned by 107 women), lavender (56 women) and valerian (20 women) were used to reduce stress, restlessness, sleep disorders and others, in part with perceived good to very good effectiveness and tolerability. The large majority of the pregnant women participating in the survey make use of herbal medicines. The particularly high prevalence of MDS among herbal medicine-users and the very rare use of synthetic psychoactive medications suggest that pregnant women rely on herbal medicines for treatment of mild MDS. The reported good effectiveness and tolerability of a few candidate herbal medicines deserve particular attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Gantner
- Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Deborah Spiess
- Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Eliane Randecker
- Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Ana Paula Simões-Wüst
- Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Malloggi E, Menicucci D, Cesari V, Frumento S, Gemignani A, Bertoli A. Lavender aromatherapy: A systematic review from essential oil quality and administration methods to cognitive enhancing effects. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2021; 14:663-690. [PMID: 34611999 PMCID: PMC9291879 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Modern society is reviving the practice of aromatherapy, and lavender is reported being the most worldwide purchased plant for essential oil (EO) extraction. Since recent studies reported cognitive enhancing effects of lavender besides the hypno-inducing effects, a literature review is needed. Considering EO quality and diffusion devices, we conducted a systematic review on the effects of lavender EO inhalation on arousal, attention and memory in healthy subjects. Starting from this new multidisciplinary perspective, cognitive effects were reviewed to link outcomes to effective and reproducible protocols. A systematic search on MEDLINE, ERIC, PsycInfo, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases using Cognitive Atlas and plant-related keywords was conducted. Among the 1,203 articles yielded, 11 met eligibility criteria. Subjects administered with lavender EO displayed arousal decrease and sustained attention increase. Controversial results emerged regarding memory. Lack of EO quality assessment and protocols heterogeneity did not allow assessing whether different EO composition differentially modulates cognition and whether placebo effect can be discerned from EO effect itself. However, GABAergic pathway modulation exerted by linalool, a major lavender EO constituent, might explain cognitive functions empowerment. We speculate aromatherapy could be a burgeoning cognition enhancing tool, although further investigation is required to reach robust conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Malloggi
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Danilo Menicucci
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Valentina Cesari
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sergio Frumento
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Angelo Gemignani
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Pokajewicz K, Białoń M, Svydenko L, Fedin R, Hudz N. Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of the New Cultivars of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. Bred in Ukraine. Molecules 2021; 26:5681. [PMID: 34577152 PMCID: PMC8465323 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lavender, otherwise known as Lavandula angustifolia Mill., is widely used in landscaping, and its oil is a valuable raw material used in many industries. Therefore, new varieties of this plant are bred. The essential oil composition obtained from fresh flowers of thirteen new Ukrainian cultivars of L. angustifolia were analysed by GC-MS, and eighty-two components were identified. Linalool and linalyl acetate were principal constituents of all of the samples, and ranged from 11.4% to 46.7% and 7.4% to 44.2%, respectively. None of the studied samples fulfilled the requirements of Ph. Eur. and ISO 3515:2002. The main reason was a high content of α-terpineol (0.5-4.5%) and/or terpinene-4-ol (1.2-18.7%). Our results are in line with multiple researchers showing that the studied lavender oils do not comply with the industry standards despite their authenticity. We also investigated the effect of the growth year on the chemical composition of five tested cultivars grown on the same plots and noticed a considerable variability between years. The obtained experimental data did not show a significant inter-year trend for the content changes of the major components. Our results allow us to deeply characterize the new cultivars and evaluate their oil for a possible use in the industry, or to designate them for future selective breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Pokajewicz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Opole, 45-052 Opole, Poland; (K.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Marietta Białoń
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Opole, 45-052 Opole, Poland; (K.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Liudmyla Svydenko
- Sector of Mobilization and Conservation of Plant Resources of the Rice Institute of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences, Plodove, Kherson Region, 74992 Kherson, Ukraine;
| | - Roman Fedin
- Department of Pharmacy and Biology, S. Z. Gzhytsky Lviv National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine;
| | - Nataliia Hudz
- Department of Drug Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine
- Department of Pharmacy and Ecological Chemistry, University of Opole, 45-052 Opole, Poland
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Mahmoud SS, Maddock S, Adal AM. Isoprenoid Metabolism and Engineering in Glandular Trichomes of Lamiaceae. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:699157. [PMID: 34349773 PMCID: PMC8326662 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.699157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The isoprenoids play important ecological and physiological roles in plants. They also have a tremendous impact on human lives as food additives, medicines, and industrial raw materials, among others. Though some isoprenoids are highly abundant in nature, plants produce many at extremely low levels. Glandular trichomes (GT), which cover the aerial parts of more than 25% of vascular plants, have been considered as natural biofactories for the mass production of rare industrially important isoprenoids. In several plant genera (e.g., Lavandula and Mentha), GTs produce and store large quantities of the low molecular weight isoprenoids, in particular mono- and sesquiterpenes, as essential oil constituents. Within each trichome, a group of secretory cells is specialized to strongly and specifically express isoprenoid biosynthetic genes, and to synthesize and deposit copious amounts of terpenoids into the trichome's storage reservoir. Despite the abundance of certain metabolites in essential oils and defensive resins, plants, particularly those lacking glandular trichomes, accumulate small quantities of many of the biologically active and industrially important isoprenoids. Therefore, there is a pressing need for technologies to enable the mass production of such metabolites, and to help meet the ever-increasing demand for plant-based bioproducts, including medicines and renewable materials. Considerable contemporary research has focused on engineering isoprenoid metabolism in GTs, with the goal of utilizing them as natural biofactories for the production of valuable phytochemicals. In this review, we summarize recent advances related to the engineering of isoprenoid biosynthetic pathways in glandular trichomes.
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Koehler T. Lavender Aromatherapy as a Nurse-Driven Intervention for Preoperative Anxiety. Nurs Womens Health 2021; 25:286-295. [PMID: 34153228 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwh.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore potential clinical applications, based on evidence and a nurse-driven test of change, of using lavender aromatherapy for preoperative anxiety as an intervention complementary to standard preoperative care. DESIGN A pre- versus postaromatherapy comparison using a visual analog scale (VAS). SETTING The preoperative department at a level 2 trauma hospital with 544 beds. PARTICIPANTS Forty-four surgical patients, including 29 female participants and 15 male participants. INTERVENTION/MEASUREMENTS Participants reported their anxiety on a VAS before receiving a lavender aromatherapy inhaler. Anxiety scores were measured again after receiving the lavender aromatherapy and shortly before participants left the preoperative area for surgery. A pre-post comparison of the two VAS anxiety measurements before and after receiving the lavender aromatherapy was completed, analyzed, and is discussed. RESULTS Mean anxiety scores were calculated for the pre- and postaromatherapy groups. Forty-eight percent of female participants (n = 29) reported a decrease in their anxiety after receiving preoperative lavender aromatherapy. Female participants reported higher preoperative anxiety scores and a larger decrease in their mean anxiety scores after receiving lavender aromatherapy when compared to male participants. CONCLUSION The use of a nurse-driven complementary intervention in the preoperative area was associated with a decrease in mean anxiety scores among female patients about to undergo elective surgery. However, cause and effect cannot be determined because of a lack of a control group and randomization. Opportunities exist with support from seasoned staff for nurses to incorporate safe, evidence-based complementary interventions into the current standard of care for preoperative anxiety.
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Wang Y, Zou J, Jia Y, Liang Y, Zhang X, Wang CL, Wang X, Guo D, Shi Y, Yang M. A Study on the Mechanism of Lavender in the Treatment of Insomnia Based on Network Pharmacology. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2021; 23:419-432. [PMID: 32233997 DOI: 10.2174/1386207323666200401095008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVE The common disease of insomnia has complex and diverse clinical manifestations. Lavender represents an effective treatment of insomnia, but the molecular mechanism underlying the effectiveness of this treatment is not clear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the active components, target proteins and molecular pathways of lavender in the treatment of insomnia, thus explaining its possible mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Firstly, 54 active components of lavender were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The target protein of lavender was predicted by the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacological Database and Analysis Platform and the SwissTargetPredicating tool, and the target protein of insomnia was predicted by the DisGeNET and DrugBank databases. Then, the "component-target-disease" network diagram was constructed using the Cytoscape 3.7.1 software. KEGG and GO enrichments were analyzed using the R statistical language. Finally, the key target proteins were verified by collecting and verifying the target protein GEO data using the Discovery Studio 3.5 molecular docking verification software. RESULTS 906 target proteins of lavender were predicted by the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacological Database and Analysis Platform and the SwissTargetPredicating tool, and 182 insomnia target proteins were predicted by the DisGeNET and DrugBank databases. The results of GO enrichment analysis showed that it included the reaction process of ammonium ion, the regulation of the membrane potential and the secretion of catecholamine, while the results of KEGG enrichment included the calcium signaling pathway, serotonin synapse, morphine addiction and many more. Finally, using the Discovery Studio3.5 molecular docking verification software, it was verified that the key target proteins are ADRB1 and HLA-DRB1. CONCLUSION The components in the lavender essential oil include the Ethyl 2-(5-methyl-5-vinyltetrahydrofuran- 2-yl)propan-2-ylcarbonate (0.774); 5-Oxatricyclo[8.2.0.04,6]dodecane, 4,12,12-trimethyl- 9-methylene-, (1R,4R,6R,10S)-(0.147); P-Cymen-7-ol (0.063); .alpha-Humulenem (0.317); Acetic acid, hexyl ester (1.374); etc. The role lavender plays in the treatment of insomnia might be accomplished through the regulation of the key targets ADRB1 and HLA-DRB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Junbo Zou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, Shaanxi, P.R. China,Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The Key Laboratory of Basic and New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yanzhuo Jia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yulin Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, Shaanxi, P.R. China,Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The Key Laboratory of Basic and New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, P.R. China,Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Li Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, Shaanxi, P.R. China,Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The Key Laboratory of Basic and New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, Shaanxi, P.R. China,Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The Key Laboratory of Basic and New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Dongyan Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, Shaanxi, P.R. China,Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The Key Laboratory of Basic and New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yajun Shi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, Shaanxi, P.R. China,Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The Key Laboratory of Basic and New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Ming Yang
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, P.R. China
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Mancini M, Cherubino P, Cartocci G, Martinez A, Borghini G, Guastamacchia E, di Flumeri G, Rossi D, Modica E, Menicocci S, Lupo V, Trettel A, Babiloni F. Forefront Users' Experience Evaluation by Employing Together Virtual Reality and Electroencephalography: A Case Study on Cognitive Effects of Scents. Brain Sci 2021; 11:256. [PMID: 33670698 PMCID: PMC7922691 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11020256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Scents have the ability to affect peoples' mental states and task performance with to different extents. It has been widely demonstrated that the lemon scent, included in most all-purpose cleaners, elicits stimulation and activation, while the lavender scent elicits relaxation and sedative effects. The present study aimed at investigating and fostering a novel approach to evaluate users' experience with respect to scents' effects through the joint employment of Virtual Reality and users' neurophysiological monitoring, in particular Electroencephalography. In particular, this study, involving 42 participants, aimed to compare the effects of lemon and lavender scents on the deployment of cognitive resources during a daily life experience consisting in a train journey carried out in virtual reality. Our findings showed a significant higher request of cognitive resources during the processing of an informative message for subjects exposed to the lavender scent with respect to the lemon exposure. No differences were found between lemon and lavender conditions on the self-reported items of pleasantness and involvement; as this study demonstrated, the employment of the lavender scent preserves the quality of the customer experience to the same extent as the more widely used lemon scent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Mancini
- BrainSigns Srl, Via Lungotevere Michelangelo, 9, 00192 Rome, Italy; (P.C.); (G.C.); (A.M.); (G.B.); (E.G.); (G.d.F.); (S.M.); (V.L.); (A.T.); (F.B.)
- Department of Economics, Management and Business Law, University of Bari Aldo Moro (UniBa), Via Camillo Rosalba, 53, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Patrizia Cherubino
- BrainSigns Srl, Via Lungotevere Michelangelo, 9, 00192 Rome, Italy; (P.C.); (G.C.); (A.M.); (G.B.); (E.G.); (G.d.F.); (S.M.); (V.L.); (A.T.); (F.B.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Cartocci
- BrainSigns Srl, Via Lungotevere Michelangelo, 9, 00192 Rome, Italy; (P.C.); (G.C.); (A.M.); (G.B.); (E.G.); (G.d.F.); (S.M.); (V.L.); (A.T.); (F.B.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Ana Martinez
- BrainSigns Srl, Via Lungotevere Michelangelo, 9, 00192 Rome, Italy; (P.C.); (G.C.); (A.M.); (G.B.); (E.G.); (G.d.F.); (S.M.); (V.L.); (A.T.); (F.B.)
- Department of Communication and Social Research, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Salaria, 113, 00198 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Borghini
- BrainSigns Srl, Via Lungotevere Michelangelo, 9, 00192 Rome, Italy; (P.C.); (G.C.); (A.M.); (G.B.); (E.G.); (G.d.F.); (S.M.); (V.L.); (A.T.); (F.B.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Neuroelectrical Imaging and BCI Lab, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Guastamacchia
- BrainSigns Srl, Via Lungotevere Michelangelo, 9, 00192 Rome, Italy; (P.C.); (G.C.); (A.M.); (G.B.); (E.G.); (G.d.F.); (S.M.); (V.L.); (A.T.); (F.B.)
| | - Gianluca di Flumeri
- BrainSigns Srl, Via Lungotevere Michelangelo, 9, 00192 Rome, Italy; (P.C.); (G.C.); (A.M.); (G.B.); (E.G.); (G.d.F.); (S.M.); (V.L.); (A.T.); (F.B.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Neuroelectrical Imaging and BCI Lab, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Rossi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.R.); (E.M.)
| | - Enrica Modica
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.R.); (E.M.)
| | - Stefano Menicocci
- BrainSigns Srl, Via Lungotevere Michelangelo, 9, 00192 Rome, Italy; (P.C.); (G.C.); (A.M.); (G.B.); (E.G.); (G.d.F.); (S.M.); (V.L.); (A.T.); (F.B.)
| | - Viviana Lupo
- BrainSigns Srl, Via Lungotevere Michelangelo, 9, 00192 Rome, Italy; (P.C.); (G.C.); (A.M.); (G.B.); (E.G.); (G.d.F.); (S.M.); (V.L.); (A.T.); (F.B.)
| | - Arianna Trettel
- BrainSigns Srl, Via Lungotevere Michelangelo, 9, 00192 Rome, Italy; (P.C.); (G.C.); (A.M.); (G.B.); (E.G.); (G.d.F.); (S.M.); (V.L.); (A.T.); (F.B.)
| | - Fabio Babiloni
- BrainSigns Srl, Via Lungotevere Michelangelo, 9, 00192 Rome, Italy; (P.C.); (G.C.); (A.M.); (G.B.); (E.G.); (G.d.F.); (S.M.); (V.L.); (A.T.); (F.B.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena, 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Członka S, Kairytė A, Miedzińska K, Strąkowska A. Polyurethane Hybrid Composites Reinforced with Lavender Residue Functionalized with Kaolinite and Hydroxyapatite. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:415. [PMID: 33467655 PMCID: PMC7829896 DOI: 10.3390/ma14020415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Polyurethane (PUR) composites were modified with 2 wt.% of lavender fillers functionalized with kaolinite (K) and hydroxyapatite (HA). The impact of lavender fillers on selected properties of PUR composites, such as rheological properties (dynamic viscosity, foaming behavior), mechanical properties (compressive strength, flexural strength, impact strength), insulation properties (thermal conductivity), thermal characteristic (temperature of thermal decomposition stages), flame retardancy (e.g., ignition time, limiting oxygen index, heat peak release) and performance properties (water uptake, contact angle) was investigated. Among all modified types of PUR composites, the greatest improvement was observed for PUR composites filled with lavender fillers functionalized with kaolinite and hydroxyapatite. For example, on the addition of functionalized lavender fillers, the compressive strength was enhanced by ~16-18%, flexural strength by ~9-12%, and impact strength by ~7%. Due to the functionalization of lavender filler with thermally stable flame retardant compounds, such modified PUR composites were characterized by higher temperatures of thermal decomposition. Most importantly, PUR composites filled with flame retardant compounds exhibited improved flame resistance characteristics-in both cases, the value of peak heat release was reduced by ~50%, while the value of total smoke release was reduced by ~30%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Członka
- Institute of Polymer & Dye Technology, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (K.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Agnė Kairytė
- Laboratory of Thermal Insulating Materials and Acoustics, Institute of Building Materials, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Linkmenu st. 28, LT-08217 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Karolina Miedzińska
- Institute of Polymer & Dye Technology, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (K.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Anna Strąkowska
- Institute of Polymer & Dye Technology, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (K.M.); (A.S.)
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Seddighi-Khavidak M, Tahan N, Akbarzadeh-Baghban A. Comparing the effects of vestibular rehabilitation with and without lavender oil scents as an olfactory stimulus on balance, fear of falling down and activities of daily living of people with multiple sclerosis: a randomized clinical trial. Disabil Rehabil 2020; 44:3132-3138. [PMID: 33305625 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2020.1858352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of using lavender oil as an olfactory stimulus with vestibular rehabilitation (VR) on balance, fear of falling down, and activities of daily living of people with multiple sclerosis. METHODS Forty participants were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. The experimental group did the VR exercises while smelling the lavender oil scents. The control group did the VR exercises without it. Both groups did the exercises in ten 45-min sessions. We assessed the participants with the timed up and go (TUG) test, Berg balance scale (BBS), fall efficacy scale - international (FES-I), and the 29-item multiple sclerosis impact scale (MSIS-29). We did the tests at the baseline and after the last exercise session. RESULTS The experimental group performed significantly better in the BBS (p = 0.007), TUG (p = 0.045), and FES-I (p = 0.016) tests as well as in the MSIS-29's psychological subscale (p = 0.034) than did the control group. CONCLUSIONS Using lavender oil as olfactory stimulus while doing the VR exercises can improve balance and reduce fear of falling down compared to doing the VR exercises without it in people with multiple sclerosis.Implications for rehabilitationIt seems that using lavender oil, as an olfactory stimulus, while doing vestibular rehabilitation exercises can improve balance and reduce fear of falling down in people with multiple sclerosis compared to doing the vestibular rehabilitation exercises without it.This treatment significantly alleviates the psychological effects of multiple sclerosis on daily life such as sleeping problems, feeling unwell, anxious, tense, depressed, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Seddighi-Khavidak
- Physiotherapy Research Center, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Tahan
- Department of Physiotherapy, Loghman Hakim Hospital, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Akbarzadeh-Baghban
- Proteomics Research Center, Department of Biostatistics, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Stierlin É, Michel T, Fernandez X. Field analyses of lavender volatile organic compounds: performance evaluation of a portable gas chromatography-mass spectrometry device. Phytochem Anal 2020; 31:778-785. [PMID: 32337802 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In situ analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by plants is an important challenge in chemical ecology. The traditional approach usually consists in trapping compounds using dynamic headspace extraction (DHS) in-field, followed by gas chromatography analysis coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS and/or GC-FID) in the laboratory. OBJECTIVES In this study, we evaluated the use of the new portable Torion T-9 GC-MS system for rapid and in situ analysis of VOCs emitted by fine lavender and lavandin species. MATERIAL AND METHODS All field analyses were performed using a person-portable low-thermal mass GC system coupled with a miniature toroidal ion trap mass analyser (ppGC-ITMS): Torion T-9 portable GC-MS. Subsequently, multivariate statistical analyses were performed to determine chemical differences between species. RESULTS Thirty compounds were separated and detected in all lavender above-ground samples in only 3 min of analysis. CONCLUSIONS The portable GC-MS device enabled a rapid in-field distinction of Lavandula species based on their detected volatile profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Émilie Stierlin
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Chimie de Nice UMR 7272, Nice, France
| | - Thomas Michel
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Chimie de Nice UMR 7272, Nice, France
| | - Xavier Fernandez
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Chimie de Nice UMR 7272, Nice, France
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(Lupoae) SDR, Mihalcea L, Aprodu I, Socaci SA, Cotârleț M, Enachi E, Crăciunescu O, Barbu V, Oancea A, Dulf FV, Alexe P, Bahrim GE, Râpeanu G, Stănciuc N. Fostering Lavender as a Source for Valuable Bioactives for Food and Pharmaceutical Applications through Extraction and Microencapsulation. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215001. [PMID: 33126733 PMCID: PMC7662620 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lavender flowers were used in this study as a source of phytochemicals as naturally occurring antioxidants. Two different extraction techniques were applied, such as ultrasound-assisted (UAE) and supercritical fluids (SCE) methods. The comparative evaluation of the phytochemicals profile evidenced a higher content of chlorophyll a and b of 5.22 ± 0.12 mg/g dry weight (D.W.) and 2.95 ± 0.16 mg/g D.W, whereas the carotenoids content was 18.24 ± 0.04 mg/g D.W. in the SCE extract. Seven main compounds were found in both extracts: β-linalool, eucalyptol, linalool acetate, β-trans-ocimene, and limonene in SCE and linalool acetate, β-linalool, 6-methyl-2-(2-oxiranyl)-5-hepten-2-ol, linalool oxide, lavandulyl acetate and camphor in UAE. The (n-3) acids had a higher contribution in SCE. The extracts were microencapsulated in different combinations of wall materials based on polysaccharides and milk proteins. The four variants showed different phytochemical and morphological profiles, with a better encapsulating efficiency for proteins (up to 98%), but with a higher content of encapsulated carotenoids for polysaccharides, the latter showing remarkable antimicrobial activity against selected microorganisms. Carboxymethyl cellulose and whey proteins led to a double encapsulation of lipophilic compounds. The powders were tested in two food matrices as ingredients, with multiple targeted functions, such as flavoring, antimicrobial, antioxidant activity that can successfully replace synthetic additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Daniela Radu (Lupoae)
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Domnească Street 111, 800201 Galati, Romania; (S.D.R.); (L.M.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (E.E.); (V.B.); (P.A.); (G.E.B.); (G.R.)
| | - Liliana Mihalcea
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Domnească Street 111, 800201 Galati, Romania; (S.D.R.); (L.M.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (E.E.); (V.B.); (P.A.); (G.E.B.); (G.R.)
| | - Iuliana Aprodu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Domnească Street 111, 800201 Galati, Romania; (S.D.R.); (L.M.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (E.E.); (V.B.); (P.A.); (G.E.B.); (G.R.)
| | - Sonia A. Socaci
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Manastur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Mihaela Cotârleț
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Domnească Street 111, 800201 Galati, Romania; (S.D.R.); (L.M.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (E.E.); (V.B.); (P.A.); (G.E.B.); (G.R.)
| | - Elena Enachi
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Domnească Street 111, 800201 Galati, Romania; (S.D.R.); (L.M.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (E.E.); (V.B.); (P.A.); (G.E.B.); (G.R.)
| | - Oana Crăciunescu
- National Institute of Research and & Development for Biological Sciences, 296 Splaiul Independentei, 060031 București, Romania; (O.C.); (A.O.)
| | - Vasilica Barbu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Domnească Street 111, 800201 Galati, Romania; (S.D.R.); (L.M.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (E.E.); (V.B.); (P.A.); (G.E.B.); (G.R.)
| | - Anca Oancea
- National Institute of Research and & Development for Biological Sciences, 296 Splaiul Independentei, 060031 București, Romania; (O.C.); (A.O.)
| | - Francisc Vasile Dulf
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Environmental and Plant Protection, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Manastur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Petru Alexe
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Domnească Street 111, 800201 Galati, Romania; (S.D.R.); (L.M.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (E.E.); (V.B.); (P.A.); (G.E.B.); (G.R.)
| | - Gabriela Elena Bahrim
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Domnească Street 111, 800201 Galati, Romania; (S.D.R.); (L.M.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (E.E.); (V.B.); (P.A.); (G.E.B.); (G.R.)
| | - Gabriela Râpeanu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Domnească Street 111, 800201 Galati, Romania; (S.D.R.); (L.M.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (E.E.); (V.B.); (P.A.); (G.E.B.); (G.R.)
| | - Nicoleta Stănciuc
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Domnească Street 111, 800201 Galati, Romania; (S.D.R.); (L.M.); (I.A.); (M.C.); (E.E.); (V.B.); (P.A.); (G.E.B.); (G.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-0336-130-183
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Jadhav GR, Mittal P. Evaluation of aromatherapy on success rate of inferior alveolar nerve block in teeth with irreversible pulpitis: a prospective randomized clinical trial. Quintessence Int 2020; 51:864-870. [PMID: 32901242 DOI: 10.3290/j.qi.a45172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This prospective, block randomized clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of aromatherapy on the success rate of inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) in teeth with irreversible pulpitis. METHOD AND MATERIALS In this clinical trial, 46 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into two equal groups: group I (n = 22) received IANB in a closed operatory without any fragrance, whereas group II (n = 24) received IANB in a separate closed operatory saturated with lavender fragrance using a candle warmer. The modified dental anxiety scale (MDAS) for anxiety and visual analog scale (VAS) for pain were recorded preoperatively as well as during access cavity preparation. For MDAS, a total score of more than 18 was considered as tremendously anxious or dental phobic. No or mild pain on VAS was considered as success. Data were analyzed using paired t test and independent sample t test. P < .05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS Difference in mean VAS (P = .749) and MDAS (P = 1.000) between both the groups was statistically nonsignificant. However there was a statistically significant difference in mean VAS (P = .000) and MDAS (P = .001) during access opening. CONCLUSION Lavender aromatherapy can be used successfully to alleviate dental anxiety as well as to increase the anesthetic success rate of IANB in teeth with irreversible pulpitis.
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Paponja I, Rozman V, Liška A. Natural Formulation Based on Diatomaceous Earth and Botanicals against Stored Product Insects. Insects 2020; 11:insects11090613. [PMID: 32911831 PMCID: PMC7565902 DOI: 10.3390/insects11090613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Stored product insects play a major role in postharvest loss. In order to minimize negative effect of conventional insecticides, diatomaceous earth (DE) is one of the alternative solutions for insect control. Despite favorable effect for the environment and human health, DE has some negative side effects on the treated commodity. In order to overcome the limitations of DEs, the aim of this study was to develop natural formulation which would improve the activity of DE. Formulation (labeled as N Form) based on DE enhanced with botanicals and silica gel was tested against three major stored product insect species in wheat and barley under controlled conditions. N Form showed higher efficacy than DE, especially in barley, inducing higher mortality of all three insect species. This study provides new information about the improvement of DE effectiveness thus representing a contribution to further development of natural insecticides as a part of integrated pest management. Abstract Diatomaceous earth (DE) has long been known as a potential protectant for stored cereals against various stored product insects. Despite favorable effect for the environment and human health, DE has some negative side effects on the treated commodity. In order to minimize negative response and to improve its efficacy, this paper represents a study of developed natural formulation based on DE SilicoSec® enhanced with botanicals (essential oil lavender, corn oil, and bay leaves dust) and silica gel. The activity of formulation (labeled as N Form) was tested against Sitophilus oryzae (L.), Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) in seed wheat and barley under controlled conditions. As a reference comparative value, DE SilicoSec® was used. N Form showed higher efficacy than DE, especially in barley at the lowest concentration, inducing higher mortality of all three insect species. The highest average progeny inhibition was recorded in R. dominica population both in seed wheat and barley with 94.9% and 96.3% of inhibition, respectively, followed with S. oryzae and T. castaneum inhibition of 90.6% and 86.1%, respectively, in wheat and 94.9% and 89.7%, respectively, in barley. Results indicate that the developed natural formulation N Form enhanced the activity of DE SilicoSec® using lower amount of DE dust and that it could be successfully implemented for storage of cereals as alternatives to chemical pesticides for stored product insect control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Paponja
- Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Vlatka Rozman
- Department for Phytomedicine, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Anita Liška
- Department for Phytomedicine, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
- Correspondence:
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Amaya V, Paterson MBA, Descovich K, Phillips CJC. Effects of Olfactory and Auditory Enrichment on Heart Rate Variability in Shelter Dogs. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E1385. [PMID: 32785115 DOI: 10.3390/ani10081385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Many pet dogs end up in shelters, and the unpredictable and overstimulating environment can lead to high arousal and stress levels. This may manifest in behavioural problems, and decreased welfare and adoption chances. Heart rate variability is a non-invasive method to measure autonomic nervous system activity, which plays an important role in the stress response. The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for increasing the dog’s arousal in response to stress and the parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for counteracting the arousal and calming the dog. Environmental enrichment can help dogs to be more relaxed, which is likely to be reflected by increased parasympathetic activity. Dogs’ heart rate variability responses to three enrichment methods capable of reducing stress—music, lavender and a calming pheromone produced by dogs, dog appeasing pheromone and a control condition (no stimuli applied) were compared. Exposure to music appeared to activate both branches of the autonomic nervous system, as dogs in that group had higher heart rate variability parameters reflecting both parasympathetic and sympathetic activity compared to the lavender and control groups. We conclude that music may be a useful type of enrichment to relieve both the stress and boredom in shelter environments. Abstract Animal shelters can be stressful environments and time in care may affect individual dogs in negative ways, so it is important to try to reduce stress and arousal levels to improve welfare and chance of adoption. A key element of the stress response is the activation of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), and a non-invasive tool to measure this activity is heart rate variability (HRV). Physiologically, stress and arousal result in the production of corticosteroids, increased heart rate and decreased HRV. Environmental enrichment can help to reduce arousal related behaviours in dogs and this study focused on sensory environmental enrichment using olfactory and auditory stimuli with shelter dogs. The aim was to determine if these stimuli have a physiological effect on dogs and if this could be detected through HRV. Sixty dogs were allocated to one of three stimuli groups: lavender, dog appeasing pheromone and music or a control group, and usable heart rate variability data were obtained from 34 dogs. Stimuli were applied for 3 h a day on five consecutive days, with HRV recorded for 4 h (treatment period + 1 h post-treatment) on the 5th and last day of exposure to the stimuli by a Polar® heart rate monitor attached to the dog’s chest. HRV results suggest that music activates both branches of the ANS, which may be useful to relieve both the stress and boredom in shelter environments.
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Sandner G, Heckmann M, Weghuber J. Immunomodulatory Activities of Selected Essential Oils. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1139. [PMID: 32756359 DOI: 10.3390/biom10081139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the application of herbal medicine for the prevention and treatment of diseases has gained increasing attention. Essential oils (EOs) are generally known to exert various pharmacological effects, such as antiallergic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. Current literature involving in vitro and in vivo studies indicates the potential of various herbal essential oils as suitable immunomodulators for the alternative treatment of infectious or immune diseases. This review highlights the cellular effects induced by EOs, as well as the molecular impacts of EOs on cytokines, immunoglobulins, or regulatory pathways. The results reviewed in this article revealed a significant reduction in relevant proinflammatory cytokines, as well as induction of anti-inflammatory markers. Remarkably, very little clinical study data involving the immunomodulatory effects of EOs are available. Furthermore, several studies led to contradictory results, emphasizing the need for a multiapproach system to better characterize EOs. While immunomodulatory effects were reported, the toxic potential of EOs must be clearly considered in order to secure future applications.
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Szelényi MO, Erdei AL, Jósvai JK, Radványi D, Sümegi B, Vétek G, Molnár BP, Kárpáti Z. Essential Oil Headspace Volatiles Prevent Invasive Box Tree Moth ( Cydalima perspectalis) Oviposition-Insights from Electrophysiology and Behaviour. Insects 2020; 11:E465. [PMID: 32718029 DOI: 10.3390/insects11080465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The box tree moth (Cydalima perspectalis Walker) is an invasive species in Europe causing severe damage both in natural and ornamental boxwood (Buxus spp.) vegetation. Pest management tactics are often based on the use of chemical insecticides, whereas environmentally-friendly control solutions are not available against this insect. The application of essential oils may provide effective protection against oviposition and subsequent larval damage. Oviposition deterrence of cinnamon, eucalyptus and lavender essential oils was tested on female C. perspectalis in behavioural bioassays. Our results indicate that all the studied essential oils may be adequate deterrents; however, cinnamon oil exhibited the strongest effect. To determine the physiologically active compounds in the headspace of the essential oils, gas chromatography coupled with electroantennography recordings were performed in parallel with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to identify the volatile constituents. In addition, the release rates of various components from vial-wick dispensers were measured during the oviposition bioassay. These results may serve as a basis for the development of a practical and insecticide-free plant protection method against this invasive moth species.
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