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Okada M, Hama Y, Futatsuya R, Sasaki Y, Noritake K, Yamaguchi K, Matsuzaki M, Kubota C, Hosoda A, Minakuchi S. Association between Masticatory Performance, Nutritional Intake, and Frailty in Japanese Older Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:5075. [PMID: 38140333 PMCID: PMC10746083 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The older adult population in Japan is expected to increase. Therefore, long-term care and frailty prevention are important. However, the relationship between masticatory performance, nutritional intake, and frailty remains unclear. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine energy, protein, and vitamin D intake and its association with frailty and masticatory performance in older adults. Patients between January 2022 and January 2023 were recruited and divided into robust and frail groups. Masticatory performance, nutrition, frailty, and other data, such as age and sex, were evaluated through onsite measurements and a questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was conducted with frailty as a dependent variable and masticatory performance as an independent variable, adjusting for age, sex, skeletal muscle mass, living alone, energy intake, protein-energy ratio, and vitamin D intake. No significant differences were observed between the groups regarding age or sex. The robust group showed significantly better results for protein-energy ratio, vitamin D intake, and subjective and objective masticatory performance than the frail group. Logistic regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between skeletal muscle mass, protein-energy ratio, and objective masticatory performance with frailty. Masticatory performance was associated with frailty, independent of the intake of nutrients such as energy, protein, and vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuzumi Okada
- Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; (M.O.); (R.F.); (K.Y.); (M.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Yohei Hama
- Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; (M.O.); (R.F.); (K.Y.); (M.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Ryota Futatsuya
- Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; (M.O.); (R.F.); (K.Y.); (M.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Yoshiyuki Sasaki
- Clinical Dental Research Promotion Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan;
| | - Kanako Noritake
- Oral Diagnosis and General Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan;
| | - Kohei Yamaguchi
- Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; (M.O.); (R.F.); (K.Y.); (M.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Mayuko Matsuzaki
- Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; (M.O.); (R.F.); (K.Y.); (M.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Chieko Kubota
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Meikai University, Chiba 279-8550, Japan;
| | - Akemi Hosoda
- Division of Medical Nutrition, Faculty of Healthcare, Tokyo Healthcare University, Tokyo 141-8648, Japan;
| | - Shunsuke Minakuchi
- Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; (M.O.); (R.F.); (K.Y.); (M.M.); (S.M.)
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Tajika A, Ide K, Iizuka G, Tsuji T, Yokoyama M, Ojima T, Kondo K. [Does participation in community gatherings suppress aggravation of functional decline risk among older people? A study based on 2013-2016 data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study]. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 2022; 69:136-145. [PMID: 34759170 DOI: 10.11236/jph.21-011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Objective Through the amendment of the Long-Term Care Insurance Law in 2014, Japan's Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare established a general long-term care and prevention project centered on "Kayoinoba" to promote participation in social and physical activities for older people, which included environmental approaches for individual health and well-being through community-building. However, reports show that the effectiveness of long-term care and prevention in Kayoinoba across multiple municipalities is limited. The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of participation in Kayoinoba in reducing the risk of functional decline among older people, using data from 24 municipalities of 10 prefectures nationwide.Methods This study examined self-administered mail survey data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. The participants were older people aged ≥65 years who lived in 24 municipalities of 10 prefectures, in 2013 and 2016. The dependent variable was an increase in total score of ≥5 points on a risk assessment scale predicting incident functional disability ("incident functional disability risk score")(Tsuji et al., 2018), and the explanatory variable was existence of participation in a Kayoinoba program. Nine variables were used as the covariates: educational attainment, equivalent income, depression, smoking, drinking, instrumental activities of daily living, incident functional disability risk score in 2013 (including sex and age), living status (whether the person lived alone), and employment status in 2013. We conducted Poisson regression analysis with stratification of the participants into two groups according to age: young older people and old older people. Sensitivity analysis of the possible increase of ≥3 or 7 points in the incident functional disability risk score was also conducted.Results Of the 3,760 participants in the study, 472 (316 young older people and 156 old older people)[12.6% (11.8%, 14.5%)] participated in Kayoinoba. Compared with those who did not participate in Kayoinoba, the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of increase in risk assessment score was 0.88 (95% confidence interval: 0.65-1.18) for all who did participate, 1.13 (0.80-1.60) in the young older people and 0.54 (0.30-0.96) in the old older people, and was significant in the latter. In addition, similar results were obtained in the sensitivity analysis with the dependent variable as an increase in total score of ≥3 or 7 points on the risk assessment scale predicting incident functional disability.Conclusions Compared with those who did not participate in Kayoinoba, functional decline risk was suppressed in those who did participate. The IRR was suppressed 46% in old older people. Promoting participation in Kayoinoba may effectively prevent the need for long-term care in old older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Tajika
- Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Kazushige Ide
- Center for Preventive Medical sciences, Chiba University
- Department of Community General Support, Hasegawa Hospital
| | - Gemmei Iizuka
- Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
- Center for Preventive Medical sciences, Chiba University
- Department of Family Medicine, Kameda Family Clinic Tateyama
| | - Taishi Tsuji
- Center for Preventive Medical sciences, Chiba University
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Meiko Yokoyama
- Center for Preventive Medical sciences, Chiba University
| | - Toshiyuki Ojima
- Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Preventive Medical sciences, Chiba University
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology
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Tamura M, Hattori S, Tsuji T, Kondo K, Hanazato M, Sakamaki H. [Relationship between volunteer group participation and depressive symptoms in older Japanese: A 3-year JAGES longitudinal study using propensity score matching]. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 2021; 68:899-913. [PMID: 34690238 DOI: 10.11236/jph.21-014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Objectives In this study, we aim to clarify the optimal threshold for the frequency of volunteer group participation among older people aged 65 years and above, which is expected to prevent the risk of developing depression.Methods We utilized longitudinal data from 2013 to 2016, collated by the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study for people aged ≥65 years living in 24 municipalities and not certified as requiring long-term care. In addition, those who were not depressed in 2013 (≥5 points on the Geriatric Depression Scale-15) were followed up for 3 years and classified according to the frequency of participation in the volunteer group in 2013 (≥once per year, ≥once per month, ≥once per week). The odds ratio (OR) of being newly depressed in 2016 was determined using the propensity score matching method and t-test.Results The frequency of volunteer group participation for 9,722 (25.0%), 6,026 (15.5%), and 2,735 (7.0%) older individuals was≥once per year, once per month, and once per week, respectively. A comparison of the balanced attributes of the volunteer group participation with those of the non-participation group using propensity scores revealed that the risk of developing depressive symptoms was significantly lower in the former compared with the latter for the frequency of ≥once per month and OR of 0.82 (95% confidence interval: 0.72, 0.93). The ORs were 0.92 (0.83, 1.02) and 0.82 (0.68, 1.00) for the ≥once per year and once per week groups, respectively.Conclusion Older people's participation in a volunteer group ≥once per month was effective in reducing the risk of developing depressive symptoms after 3 years. This suggests that increasing the opportunities and community places where older people can be involved as volunteers even once a month may be employed as an effective measure to prevent depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoki Tamura
- School of Health Innovation, Kanagawa University of Human Services.,Research Department, Institute for Health Economics and Policy
| | - Shinji Hattori
- Research Department, Institute for Health Economics and Policy.,Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Taishi Tsuji
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba.,Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University.,National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | | | - Hiroyuki Sakamaki
- School of Health Innovation, Kanagawa University of Human Services.,Center of Innovation and Policy, Kanagawa University of Human Services Graduate School
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Saito M, Tsuji T, Fujita K, Kondo N, Aida J, Ojima T, Kondo K. [Accumulated long-term care benefits by risk assessment scales for incident functional disability: A six-year follow-up study of long-term care receipt data]. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 2021; 68:743-752. [PMID: 34373427 DOI: 10.11236/jph.21-056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Objectives This study aims to evaluate the differences in the cumulative benefit costs of public long-term care [LTC] insurance services, using a risk assessment scale score, which predicts incident functional disability among older people.Methods A baseline survey was conducted in 2010 involving individuals aged 65 and above from 12 municipalities in Japan who were not eligible for public LTC insurance benefits (response rate: 64.7%). Using public LTC claim records, we followed LTC service costs among 46,616 individuals over a period of about six years (up to 76 months). We used risk assessment scales to assess incident functional disability (0-48). We adopted a classical linear regression model, Tobit regression model, and linear regression with multiple imputation for missing values.Results Overall, 7,348 (15.8%) of the participants had used LTC services during the follow-up period. The risk assessment score for incident functional disability was positively associated with the cumulative costs of LTC services per person, length of usage period of LTC services, and proportion of people certified for long-term care/support need and for over long-term care level 2. After adjusting for confounding variables, the six-year cumulative costs of LTC services were around JPY 31.6 thousand higher per point of risk score (95% confidence interval [CI]: 28.3 to 35.0). The costs were around JPY 8.9 thousand (95%CI: 6.5 to 11.3) higher in the low score group (risk score ≤ 16), and JPY 75.3 thousand (95%CI: 67.4 to 83.1) higher in the high score group (risk score ≥ 17). When we adopted other estimated models, the major results and trends were not largely different.Conclusions In this study, the risk assessment scale score could estimate subsequent LTC benefit costs. Community interventions to improve and maintain variable aspects of risk assessment scores may help contribute to a reduction in public LTC benefits within municipalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashige Saito
- Faculty of Social Welfare, Nihon Fukushi University.,Center for Well-being and Society, Nihon Fukushi University
| | - Taishi Tsuji
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Kinya Fujita
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Naoki Kondo
- Department of Social Epidemiology and Global Health, Graduate School of Medicine and School of Public Health, Kyoto University
| | - Jun Aida
- Department of Oral Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Toshiyuki Ojima
- Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology.,Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University
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Yamagata E, Watanabe Y, Kimura M, Masumoto T, Sugihara Y, Komatsu M, Okayama Y. [Changes in homebound status and related factors in community-dwelling older adults participating in physical checkups over two years]. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 2020; 67:369-379. [PMID: 32612077 DOI: 10.11236/jph.67.6_369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study aims to identify changes in homebound status and related factors in community-dwelling older adults participating in physical checkups over two years in order to help with prevention and recovery from being homebound.Methods A survey on needs in the sphere of daily life was conducted in July 2011 among 6,696 independent older adults in 10 regions of Kameoka City (baseline survey). Of the 6,696 adults, 1,379 responded to the survey and participated in a physical checkup held between March and April 2012. These individuals were then invited to a similar checkup again in September 2013. Of these, 638 consenting individuals were administered a questionnaire survey (follow-up survey). In all, 522 subjects responded to both surveys (baseline and follow-up) regarding being homebound. The responses involved basic attributes, state of daily living, state of health, items of the Kihon Checklist, items concerning daily living activities in the baseline survey, and items concerning being homebound in the follow-up survey. The responses were analyzed, and an evaluation of homebound status was conducted based on whether or not one (or both) of the two items of the Kihon Checklist were applicable. The subjects were classified according to the following: 1) whether non-homebound individuals remained non-homebound (non-homebound group) or whether they became homebound (homebound transition group) and 2) whether individuals who became homebound recovered (recovery group) or remained the same (persisting group). After comparing the characteristics of each group, a logistic regression analysis was employed to analyze the factors related to changes in homebound status after two years.Results Of the 375 non-homebound individuals in the baseline survey, 326 (86.9%) and 49 (13.1%) were classified into non-homebound and homebound transition groups, respectively. Of the 147 subjects who became homebound, 85 (57.8%) and 62 (42.2%) were classified into the recovery and persisting groups, respectively. Among the factors related to change in homebound status after two years, a low score of social role (OR=0.675, CI=0.458-0.997) was an independent factor for being at risk of becoming homebound (P<0.05). Having no diseases under treatment (OR=14.340, CI=1.345-152.944) and a high intellectual activity score (OR=2.643, CI=1.378-5.069) were independent factors of recovery from being homebound (P<0.05).Conclusion The results of the two year longitudinal study suggest the need for support for non-homebound older individuals devoid of social roles to prevent homebound status. Additionally, there is a need for support surrounding the reduction in obtaining a disease and maintaining intellectual activity in order to recover from being homebound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emi Yamagata
- Faculty of Nursing, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts
| | - Yuya Watanabe
- Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Doshisha University
| | - Misaka Kimura
- Institute for Active Health, Kyoto University of Advanced Science
| | - Taeko Masumoto
- Faculty of Nursing, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts
| | - Yuriko Sugihara
- Faculty of Nursing, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts
| | - Mitsuyo Komatsu
- Faculty of Nursing, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts
| | - Yasuko Okayama
- Faculty of Nursing, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts
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Kimura M, Moriyasu A, Makizako H, Ihira H, Furuna T. [Mail-based intervention for improvement of dietary habits among community-dwelling older adults living in heavy snowfall regions]. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 2019; 66:681-689. [PMID: 31776310 DOI: 10.11236/jph.66.11_681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of mail-based intervention using the TAKE10! Program to improve dietary habits in cases where direct intervention is not possible.Methods Subjects aged 70-91 years (77.6±5.0) were randomly assigned to two groups: 72 in the intervention group and 71 in the control group. The intervention group received monthly mail, which included self-check sheets (TAKE10! Check sheet and TAKE10! Calendar) and a letter with feedback and comments for 5 months. The outcome measures were changes in the intake frequency of 10 food groups, Dietary Variety Score (DVS), and Food Frequency Score (FFS).Results Compared to baseline, the post-intervention intake frequencies for 9 of 10 food groups, DVS, and FFS significantly increased in the intervention group. No significant differences were observed between baseline and post-intervention in the control group. In the subgroup analysis of the intervention group, post-intervention DVS and FFS of both subjects who cooked their own food and those who did not showed significant increases compared to baseline.Conclusion The mail-based TAKE10! Program resulted in improved dietary habits and could be shared with families in addition to direct interventions and could also be used in regions with inadequate transportation systems or frequent poor weather conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Kimura
- Center for Health Promotion, International Life Sciences Institute Japan
| | - Ai Moriyasu
- Center for Health Promotion, International Life Sciences Institute Japan
| | - Hyuma Makizako
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University
| | - Hikaru Ihira
- Center for Public Health Science, National Cancer Center
| | - Taketo Furuna
- Department of Physical therapy, School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University
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Park S, Imamura H, Soyano A, Okada S, Horiuchi F, Hamano T. Relationship between healthy elderly individual social capital and health according to ward level in Tomi City, Nagano Prefecture: an ecological study. J Rural Med 2019; 14:64-72. [PMID: 31191768 PMCID: PMC6545434 DOI: 10.2185/jrm.2979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The aims of this study were 1) to elucidate the relationship between social capital and health by ward in Tomi City, Nagano Prefecture, in order to clarify the regional social resources available to support long-term care prevention utilizing self- and mutual support of regional residents and 2) to comprehensively investigate the activation of regional networks. Materials and Methods: We analyzed elderly (aged 65 years or older) individual survey data from 7,199 residents from all wards within Tomi City in 2014 (number of valid responses: 5,546; valid response rate: 77.0%). The social capital indicators used for the analysis included participation in community activities, regional managerial position experience, and general trust. The health indicators included self-rated mental health, activities of daily living, and depression. Standards for a "good" result for each indicator were established, and the percentages of each were tallied up by ward. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and principal component analysis were used to investigate correlations between social capital and health. Results: The results for overall respondents indicated correlations between participation in sports and hobbies and activities of daily living (p<0.01) and self-rated mental health (p<0.05). Participation in nonprofit organizations/volunteer activities and participation in community center workshops exhibited correlations with activities of daily living (both p<0.05). In respondents aged 65-74 years, participation in community center workshops and general trust were found to be correlated with activities of daily living (both p<0.05). Meanwhile, in respondents aged 75 years or older, correlations were noted between participation in sports and hobbies and participation in nonprofit organizations/volunteer activities and activities of daily living (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively). By creating a distribution map using principal component analysis, we were able to grasp the characteristics of the distribution of "community participation/connections with people" and "health" in each ward. Conclusions: Our results point the way forward for future long-term care prevention support in Tomi City by clarifying the correlation between social capital and health by ward.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haruhiko Imamura
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Medicine, Toho University, Japan
| | | | - Shinpei Okada
- Physical Education and Medicine Research Foundation, Japan
| | | | - Tsuyoshi Hamano
- Department of Sports Sociology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Sociology, Kyoto Sangyo University, Japan
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