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Tsuboi M, Tamura K, Kitanaka R, Oka H, Akao KI, Ozaki Y. Attenuated Total Reflection Infrared and Far-Infrared, and Raman Spectroscopy Studies of Minerals, Rocks, and Biogenic Minerals. Appl Spectrosc 2024; 78:186-196. [PMID: 38111257 DOI: 10.1177/00037028231219026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR-IR, 4000-400 cm-1), ATR-far-IR (ATR-FIR, 400-50 cm-1), and Raman spectra (4000-10 cm-1) were measured for calcium carbonate, three kinds of minerals (calcite, aragonite, and quartz), two kinds of rocks (obsidian and pumice), and four kinds of biogenic minerals, i.e., coral (aragonite), Ruditapes philippinarum (aragonite), Meretrix lusoria (aragonite), and Corbicula japonica (aragonite), to investigate the polymorphism of minerals and biogenic minerals, differences in the crystal structure among aragonite and aragonite biogenic minerals, water in the minerals and biogenic minerals, Boson peaks of obsidian and pumice, very small amounts of carotenoids in the three kinds of shells, and so on. In this study, we put some emphasis on the low-frequency region of IR (FIR) and Raman spectra. ATR-FIR spectra were measured down to 50 cm-1 and Raman spectra were obtained down to 10 cm-1. Second derivative spectra were calculated for the FIR spectra. It has been found from the present study that the FIR spectra are the most powerful for exploring polymorphism and differences in the crystal structure among aragonite and aragonite biogenic minerals. A Boson peak, which is a characteristic low-frequency Raman band for amorphous materials, was observed at around 40 cm-1 in the Raman spectra of obsidian and pumice. The Boson peak of pumice is located at a lower frequency by 12 cm-1 than that of obsidian, indicating that the mean atomic volume of pumice is larger than that of obsidian. The present study has revealed that IR spectra are useful to investigate the amounts and structure of fluid and bound water. Moreover, it has also been found that Raman spectra can detect a very tiny amount of carotenoids in the shells due to the resonance Raman effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motohiro Tsuboi
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kohei Tamura
- Applicative Solution Lab Division, JASCO Corporation, Ishikawa-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kitanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Oka
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Akao
- Applicative Solution Lab Division, JASCO Corporation, Ishikawa-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Ozaki
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo, Japan
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Salim M, Fraser-Miller SJ, Bērziņš K, Sutton JJ, Gordon KC, Boyd BJ. In Situ Monitoring of Drug Precipitation from Digesting Lipid Formulations Using Low-Frequency Raman Scattering Spectroscopy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1968. [PMID: 37514154 PMCID: PMC10383805 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-frequency Raman spectroscopy (LFRS) is a valuable tool to detect the solid state of amorphous and crystalline drugs in solid dosage forms and the transformation of drugs between different polymorphic forms. It has also been applied to track the solubilisation of solid drugs as suspensions in milk and infant formula during in vitro digestion. This study reports the use of LFRS as an approach to probe drug precipitation from a lipid-based drug delivery system (medium-chain self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system, MC-SNEDDS) during in vitro digestion. Upon lipolysis of the digestible components in MC-SNEDDS containing fenofibrate as a model drug, sharp phonon peaks appeared at the low-frequency Raman spectral region (<200 cm-1), indicating the precipitation of fenofibrate in a crystalline form from the formulation. Two multivariate data analysis approaches (principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis) and one univariate analysis approach (band ratios) were explored to track these spectral changes over time. The low-frequency Raman data produces results in good agreement with in situ small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements with all data analysis approaches used, whereas the mid-frequency Raman requires the use of PLS-DA to gain similar results. This suggests that LFRS can be used as a complementary, and potentially more accessible, technique to SAXS to determine the kinetics of drug precipitation from lipid-based formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malinda Salim
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Sara J Fraser-Miller
- Te Whai Ao-Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Kārlis Bērziņš
- Te Whai Ao-Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Joshua J Sutton
- Te Whai Ao-Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Keith C Gordon
- Te Whai Ao-Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Ben J Boyd
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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3
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Guinet Y, Paccou L, Hédoux A. Low-Frequency Raman Spectroscopy: An Exceptional Tool for Exploring Metastability Driven States Induced by Dehydration. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1955. [PMID: 37514141 PMCID: PMC10383856 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of low-frequency Raman spectroscopy (LFRS; ω < 150 cm-1) is booming in the pharmaceutical industry. Specific processing of spectra is required to use the wealth of information contained in this spectral region. Spectra processing and the use of LFRS for analyzing phase transformations in molecular materials are detailed herein from investigations on the devitrification of ibuprofen. LFRS was used to analyze the dehydration mechanism of two hydrates (theophylline and caffeine) of the xanthine family. Two mechanisms of solid-state transformation in theophylline were determined depending on the relative humidity (RH) and temperature. At room temperature and 1% RH, dehydration is driven by the diffusion mechanism, while under high RH (>30%), kinetic laws are typical of nucleation and growth mechanism. By increasing the RH, various metastability driven crystalline forms were obtained mimicking successive intermediate states between hydrate form and anhydrous form achieved under high RH. In contrast, the dehydration kinetics of caffeine hydrate under various RH levels can be described by only one master curve corresponding to a nucleation mechanism. Various metastability driven states were achieved depending on the RH, which can be described as intermediate between forms I and II of anhydrous caffeine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Guinet
- UMR 8207-UMET-Unité Matériaux et Transformations, Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Laurent Paccou
- UMR 8207-UMET-Unité Matériaux et Transformations, Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Alain Hédoux
- UMR 8207-UMET-Unité Matériaux et Transformations, Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
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4
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Guinet Y, Paccou L, Hédoux A. Co-Amorphous Versus Deep Eutectic Solvents Formulations for Transdermal Administration. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1710. [PMID: 37376158 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Transdermal administration can be considered as an interesting route to overcome the side-effects inherent to oral intake. Designing topical formulations with maximum drug efficiency requires the optimization of the permeation and the stability of the drug. The present study focuses on the physical stability of amorphous drugs within the formulation. Ibuprofen is commonly used in topical formulations and then was selected as a model drug. Additionally, its low Tg allows easy, unexpected recrystallization at room temperature with negative consequence on skin penetration. In this study, the physical stability of amorphous ibuprofen was investigated in two types of formulations: (i) in terpenes-based deep eutectic solvents (DES) and (ii) in arginine-based co-amorphous blends. The phase diagram of ibuprofen:L-menthol was mainly analyzed by low-frequency Raman spectroscopy, leading to the evidence of ibuprofen recrystallization in a wide range of ibuprofen concentration. By contrast, it was shown that amorphous ibuprofen is stabilized when dissolved in thymol:menthol DES. Forming co-amorphous arginine-ibuprofen blends by melting is another route for stabilizing amorphous ibuprofen, while recrystallization was detected in the same co-amorphous mixtures obtained by cryo-milling. The mechanism of stabilization is discussed from determining Tg and analyzing H-bonding interactions by Raman investigations in the C=O and O-H stretching regions. It was found that recrystallization of ibuprofen was inhibited by the inability to form dimers inherent to the preferential formation of heteromolecular H-bonding, regardless of the glass transition temperatures of the various mixtures. This result should be important for predicting ibuprofen stability within other types of topical formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Guinet
- UMR 8207-UMET-Unité Matériaux et Transformations, Université de Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Laurent Paccou
- UMR 8207-UMET-Unité Matériaux et Transformations, Université de Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Alain Hédoux
- UMR 8207-UMET-Unité Matériaux et Transformations, Université de Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
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Remoto PIJG, Bērziņš K, Fraser-Miller SJ, Korter TM, Rades T, Rantanen J, Gordon KC. Exploring the Solid-State Landscape of Carbamazepine during Dehydration: A Low Frequency Raman Spectroscopy Perspective. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051526. [PMID: 37242768 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The solid-state landscape of carbamazepine during its dehydration was explored using Raman spectroscopy in the low- (-300 to -15, 15 to 300) and mid- (300 to 1800 cm-1) frequency spectral regions. Carbamazepine dihydrate and forms I, III, and IV were also characterized using density functional theory with periodic boundary conditions and showed good agreement with experimental Raman spectra with mean average deviations less than 10 cm-1. The dehydration of carbamazepine dihydrate was examined under different temperatures (40, 45, 50, 55, and 60 °C). Principal component analysis and multivariate curve resolution were used to explore the transformation pathways of different solid-state forms during the dehydration of carbamazepine dihydrate. The low-frequency Raman domain was able to detect the rapid growth and subsequent decline of carbamazepine form IV, which was not as effectively observed by mid-frequency Raman spectroscopy. These results showcased the potential benefits of low-frequency Raman spectroscopy for pharmaceutical process monitoring and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Iii J G Remoto
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Kārlis Bērziņš
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Sara J Fraser-Miller
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Timothy M Korter
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Science and Technology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Thomas Rades
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jukka Rantanen
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Keith C Gordon
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
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Moutamenni B, Tabary N, Mussi A, Dhainaut J, Ciotonea C, Fadel A, Paccou L, Dacquin JP, Guinet Y, Hédoux A. Milling-Assisted Loading of Drugs into Mesoporous Silica Carriers: A Green and Simple Method for Obtaining Tunable Customized Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15. [PMID: 36839712 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesoporous silica (MPS) carriers are considered as a promising strategy to increase the solubility of poorly soluble drugs and to stabilize the amorphous drug delivery system. The development by the authors of a solvent-free method (milling-assisted loading, MAL) made it possible to manipulate the physical state of the drug within the pores. The present study focuses on the effects of the milling intensity and the pore architecture (chemical surface) on the physical state of the confined drug and its release profile. Ibuprofen (IBP) and SBA-15 were used as the model drug and the MPS carrier, respectively. It was found that decreasing the milling intensity promotes nanocrystallization of confined IBP. Scanning electron microscopy and low-frequency Raman spectroscopy investigations converged into a bimodal description of the size distribution of particles, by decreasing the milling intensity. The chemical modification of the pore surface with 3-aminopropyltriethoxisylane also significantly promoted nanocrystallization, regardless of the milling intensity. Combined analyses of drug release profiles obtained on composites prepared from unmodified and modified SBA-15 with various milling intensities showed that the particle size of composites has the greatest influence on the drug release profile. Tuning drug concentration, milling intensity, and chemical surface make it possible to easily customize drug delivery.
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Be Rziņš KR, Mapley JI, Gordon KC, Fraser-Miller SJ. Evaluating Spatially Offset Low-Frequency Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy (SOLFARS) for Detecting Subsurface Composition below an Emissive Layer: A Proof of Principle Study Using a Model Bilayer System. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:4311-4319. [PMID: 36170046 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This work explores the potential use of spatially offset low-frequency anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (SOLFARS) to detect subsurface composition below an emissive surface. A range of bilayer tablets were used to evaluate this approach. Bilayer tablets differed in both the underlying layer composition (active pharmaceutical ingredient to excipient ratio, celecoxib: α-lactose monohydrate) and the upper layer thickness of the fluorescent coating (polyvinylpyrrolidone mixture with sunset yellow FCF dye). Two low- (<300 cm-1) plus mid- (300 to 1800 cm-1) frequency Raman instrumental setups, with lateral displacements for spatial analysis of solid dosage forms, using different excitation wavelengths were explored. The 532 nm system was used to illustrate how the low-frequency anti-Stokes Raman approach works with samples exhibiting extreme fluorescence/background emission interference, and the 785 nm system was used to demonstrate the performance when less extreme fluorescence/emission is present. Qualitative and quantitative chemometric analyses were performed to evaluate the performance of individual spectral domains and their combinations for the determination of the composition of the subsurface layer as well as the coating layer thickness. Overall, the commonly used midfrequency region (300-1800 cm-1) proved superior when using 785 nm incident laser for quantifying the coating thickness (amorphous materials), whereas a combined Stokes and anti-Stokes low-frequency region was found to be superior for quantifying underlying crystalline materials. When exploring individual spectral regions for subsurface composition using spatially offset measurements, the anti-Stokes LFR spectral window performed best. The anti-Stokes low-frequency range also demonstrated an advantage for models composed of data exhibiting high levels of fluorescence (e.g., data collected using 532 nm incident laser), as the Stokes scattering was masked by fluorescence. Transmission measurements were also explored for comparison and showed the best applicability for both upper and lower layer analysis, attributed to the inherently larger bulk sampling volume of this setup. From a practical perspective, these results highlight the potential adjustments that can be made to already existing (in-line) Raman setups to facilitate similar analysis in pharmaceutical industry-based settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Rlis Be Rziņš
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.,Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 1165, Denmark
| | - Joseph I Mapley
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Keith C Gordon
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Sara J Fraser-Miller
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
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Koskela J, Sutton JJ, Lipiäinen T, Gordon KC, Strachan CJ, Fraser-Miller SJ. Low- versus Mid-frequency Raman Spectroscopy for in Situ Analysis of Crystallization in Slurries. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:2316-2326. [PMID: 35503753 PMCID: PMC9257757 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Slurry studies are
useful for exhaustive polymorph and solid-state
stability screening of drug compounds. Raman spectroscopy is convenient
for monitoring crystallization in such slurries, as the measurements
can be performed in situ even in aqueous environments.
While the mid-frequency region (400–4000 cm–1) is dominated by intramolecular vibrations and has traditionally
been used for such studies, the low-frequency spectral region (<200
cm–1) probes solid-state related lattice vibrations
and is potentially more valuable for understanding subtle and/or complex
crystallization behavior. The aim of the study was to investigate
low-frequency Raman spectroscopy for in situ monitoring
of crystallization of an amorphous pharmaceutical in slurries for
the first time and directly compare the results with those simultaneously
obtained with mid-frequency Raman spectroscopy. Amorphous indomethacin
(IND) slurries were prepared at pH 1.2 and continuously monitored in situ at 5 and 25 °C with both low- and mid-frequency
Raman spectroscopy. At 25 °C, both spectral regions profiled
amorphous IND in slurries as converting directly from the amorphous
form toward the α crystalline form. In contrast, at 5 °C,
principal component analysis revealed a divergence in the detected
conversion profiles: the mid-frequency Raman suggested a direct conversion
to the α crystalline form, but the low-frequency region showed
additional transition points. These were attributed to the appearance
of minor amounts of the ε-form. The additional solid-state sensitivity
of the low-frequency region was attributed to the better signal-to-noise
ratio and more consistent spectra in this region. Finally, the low-frequency
Raman spectrum of the ε-form of IND is reported for the first
time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaana Koskela
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Joshua J Sutton
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Tiina Lipiäinen
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Keith C Gordon
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Clare J Strachan
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Sara J Fraser-Miller
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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Vener MV, Churakov AV, Voronin AP, Parashchuk OD, Artobolevskii SV, Alatortsev OA, Makhrov DE, Medvedev AG, Filarowski A. Comparison of Proton Acceptor and Proton Donor Properties of H 2O and H 2O 2 in Organic Crystals of Drug-like Compounds: Peroxosolvates vs. Crystallohydrates. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030717. [PMID: 35163982 PMCID: PMC8838768 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Two new peroxosolvates of drug-like compounds were synthesized and studied by a combination of X-ray crystallographic, Raman spectroscopic methods, and periodic DFT computations. The enthalpies of H-bonds formed by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a donor and an acceptor of protons were compared with the enthalpies of analogous H-bonds formed by water (H2O) in isomorphic (isostructural) hydrates. The enthalpies of H-bonds formed by H2O2 as a proton donor turned out to be higher than the values of the corresponding H-bonds formed by H2O. In the case of H2O2 as a proton acceptor in H-bonds, the ratio appeared reversed. The neutral O∙∙∙H-O/O∙∙∙H-N bonds formed by the lone electron pair of the oxygen atom of water were the strongest H-bonds in the considered crystals. In the paper, it was found out that the low-frequency Raman spectra of isomorphous crystalline hydrate and peroxosolvate of N-(5-Nitro-2-furfurylidene)-1-aminohydantoin are similar. As for the isostructural hydrate and peroxosolvate of the salt of protonated 2-amino-nicotinic acid and maleic acid monoanion, the Raman spectra are different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail V. Vener
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii Prosp. 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.C.); (A.G.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.V.V.); (A.F.)
| | - Andrei V. Churakov
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii Prosp. 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.C.); (A.G.M.)
| | | | - Olga D. Parashchuk
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Sergei V. Artobolevskii
- Faculty of Natural Science, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Miusskaya Square 9, 125047 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.A.); (O.A.A.); (D.E.M.)
| | - Oleg A. Alatortsev
- Faculty of Natural Science, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Miusskaya Square 9, 125047 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.A.); (O.A.A.); (D.E.M.)
| | - Denis E. Makhrov
- Faculty of Natural Science, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Miusskaya Square 9, 125047 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.A.); (O.A.A.); (D.E.M.)
| | - Alexander G. Medvedev
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii Prosp. 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.C.); (A.G.M.)
| | - Aleksander Filarowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław 14 F. Joliot-Curie Str., 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.V.V.); (A.F.)
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Be Rziņš KR, Fraser-Miller SJ, Walker GF, Rades T, Gordon KC. Investigation on Formulation Strategies to Mitigate Compression-Induced Destabilization in Supersaturated Celecoxib Amorphous Solid Dispersions. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:3882-3893. [PMID: 34529437 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Compression-induced destabilization was investigated in various celecoxib amorphous solid dispersions containing hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), poly(vinylpyrrolidone)/vinyl acetate copolymer (PVP/VA), or poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) at a concentration range of 1-10% w/w. Pharmaceutically relevant (125 MPa pressure with a minimal dwell time) and extreme (500 MPa pressure with a 60 s dwell time) compression conditions were applied to these systems, and the changes in their physical stability were monitored retrospectively (i.e., in the supercooled state) using dynamic differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and low-frequency Raman (LFR) measurements over a broad temperature range (-90 to 200 and -150 to 140 °C, respectively). Both techniques revealed similar changes in the crystallization behavior between samples, where the application of a higher compression force of 500 MPa resulted in a more pronounced destabilization effect that was progressively mitigated with increasing polymer content. However, other aspects such as more favorable intermolecular interactions did not appear to have any effect on reducing this undesirable effect. Additionally, for the first time, LFR spectroscopy was used as a viable technique to determine the secondary or local glass-transition temperature, Tg,β, a major indicator of the physical stability of neat amorphous pharmaceutical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Rlis Be Rziņš
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Sara J Fraser-Miller
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Greg F Walker
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Thomas Rades
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 1165, Denmark
| | - Keith C Gordon
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
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11
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Be Rziņš KR, Fraser-Miller SJ, Di R, Liu J, Peltonen L, Strachan CJ, Rades T, Gordon KC. Combined Effect of the Preparation Method and Compression on the Physical Stability and Dissolution Behavior of Melt-Quenched Amorphous Celecoxib. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:1408-1418. [PMID: 33586988 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c01208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In an earlier investigation, amorphous celecoxib was shown to be sensitive to compression-induced destabilization. This was established by evaluating the physical stability of uncompressed/compressed phases in the supercooled state (Be̅rziņš . Mol. Pharmaceutics, 2019, 16(8), 3678-3686). In this study, we investigated the ramifications of compression-induced destabilization in the glassy state as well as the impact of compression on the dissolution behavior. Slow and fast melt-quenched celecoxib disks were compressed with a range of compression pressures (125-500 MPa) and dwell times (0-60 s). These were then monitored for crystallization using low-frequency Raman spectroscopy when kept under dry (∼20 °C; <5% RH) and humid (∼20 °C; 97% RH) storage conditions. Faster crystallization was observed from the samples, which were compressed using more severe compression parameters. Furthermore, crystallization was also affected by the cooling rate used to form the amorphous phases; slow melt-quenched samples exhibited higher sensitivity to compression-induced destabilization. The behavior of the melt-quench disks, subjected to different compression conditions, was continuously monitored during dissolution using low-frequency Raman and UV/vis for the solid-state form and dissolution properties, respectively. Surprisingly the compressed samples exhibited higher apparent dissolution (i.e., higher area under the dissolution curve and initial celecoxib concentration in solution) than the uncompressed samples; however, this is attributed to biaxial fracturing throughout the compressed compacts yielding a greater effective surface area. Differences between the slow and fast melt quenched samples showed some trends similar to those observed for their storage stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Rlis Be Rziņš
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Sara J Fraser-Miller
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Rong Di
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Jingwen Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Leena Peltonen
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Clare J Strachan
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Thomas Rades
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Keith C Gordon
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
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12
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Robert C, Fraser-Miller SJ, Be Rziņš KR, Okeyo PO, Rantanen J, Rades T, Gordon KC. Monitoring the Isothermal Dehydration of Crystalline Hydrates Using Low-Frequency Raman Spectroscopy. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:1264-1276. [PMID: 33406363 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c01126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Detection of the solid-state forms of pharmaceutical compounds is important from the drug performance point of view. Low-frequency Raman (LFR) spectroscopy has been demonstrated to be very sensitive in detecting the different solid-state forms of pharmaceutically relevant compounds. The potential of LFR spectroscopy to probe the in situ isothermal dehydration was studied using piroxicam monohydrate (PXM) and theophylline monohydrate (TPMH) as the model drugs. The dehydration of PXM and TPMH at four different temperatures (95, 100, 105, and 110 °C and 50, 60, 70, and 80 °C, respectively) was monitored in both the low- (20-300 cm-1) and mid-frequency (335-1800 cm-1) regions of the Raman spectra. Principal component analysis and multivariate curve resolution were applied for the analysis of the Raman data. Spectral differences observed in both regions highlighted the formation of specific anhydrous forms of piroxicam and theophylline from their respective monohydrates. The formation of the anhydrous forms was detected on different timescales (approx. 2 min) between the low and mid-frequency Raman regions. This finding highlights the differing nature of the vibrations being detected between these two spectral regions. Computational simulations performed were also in agreement with the experimental results, and allowed elucidating the origin of different spectral features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chima Robert
- Dodd Walls Centre for Photonics and Quantum Technologies, University of Otago, 9016 Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Sara J Fraser-Miller
- Dodd Walls Centre for Photonics and Quantum Technologies, University of Otago, 9016 Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ka Rlis Be Rziņš
- Dodd Walls Centre for Photonics and Quantum Technologies, University of Otago, 9016 Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Peter O Okeyo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.,The Danish National Research Foundation and Villum Foundation's Center for Intelligent Drug Delivery and Sensing Using Microcontainers and Nanomechanics (IDUN), Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsted Plads, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jukka Rantanen
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Rades
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Keith C Gordon
- Dodd Walls Centre for Photonics and Quantum Technologies, University of Otago, 9016 Dunedin, New Zealand
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13
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Adhikari BR, Bērziņš K, Fraser-Miller SJ, Gordon KC, Das SC. Co-Amorphization of Kanamycin with Amino Acids Improves Aerosolization. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12080715. [PMID: 32751553 PMCID: PMC7465208 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12080715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Different formulation techniques have been investigated to prepare highly aerosolizable dry powders to deliver a high dose of antibiotics to the lung for treating local infections. In this study, we investigated the influence of the co-amorphization of a model drug, kanamycin, with selected amino acids (valine, methionine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan) by co-spray drying on its aerosolization. The co-amorphicity was confirmed by thermal technique. The physical stability was monitored using low-frequency Raman spectroscopy coupled with principal component analysis. Except for the kanamycin-valine formulation, all the formulations offered improved fine particle fraction (FPF) with the highest FPF of 84% achieved for the kanamycin-methionine formulation. All the co-amorphous formulations were physically stable for 28 days at low relative humidity (25 °C/<15% RH) and exhibited stable aerosolization. At higher RH (53%), even though methionine transformed into its crystalline counterpart, the kanamycin-methionine formulation offered the best aerosolization stability without any decrease in FPF. While further studies are warranted to reveal the underlying mechanism, this study reports that the co-amorphization of kanamycin with amino acids, especially with methionine, has the potential to be developed as a high dose kanamycin dry powder formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kārlis Bērziņš
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (K.B.); (S.J.F.-M.); (K.C.G.)
| | - Sara J. Fraser-Miller
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (K.B.); (S.J.F.-M.); (K.C.G.)
| | - Keith C. Gordon
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (K.B.); (S.J.F.-M.); (K.C.G.)
| | - Shyamal C. Das
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +64-34794262
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14
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Marlina D, Park Y, Hoshina H, Ozaki Y, Jung YM, Sato H. A Study on Blend Ratio-dependent Far-IR and Low-frequency Raman Spectra and WAXD Patterns of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/poly(4-vinylphenol) Using Homospectral and Heterospectral Two-dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy. ANAL SCI 2020; 36:731-737. [PMID: 31902826 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.19p428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
An intensive analysis of far-infrared (far-IR), low-frequency Raman, and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) data has been performed by two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) as a function of the blend ratio of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/poly(4-vinylphenol) (PHB/PVPh). Homospectral 2D-COS revealed that a weak band at 128 cm-1 in the far-IR spectra appeared more clearly in the 2D correlation spectra. Heterospectral 2D-COS (far-IR/low-frequency Raman and far-IR/WAXD) provided very important results that were hardly detected in the conventional 2D-COS. A far-IR peak at 130 cm-1 in the heterospectral 2D-COS had negative correlations with the peaks in the low-frequency Raman spectra at 81, 100, and 110 cm-1 and WAXD profile 8.78 and 11.01°. These results indicated that those peaks have different origins; the 130 cm-1 peak comes from the intermolecular C=O···H-O hydrogen bond between PHB and PVPh, while those for low-frequency Raman and WAXD peaks are the features of PHB crystalline structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Marlina
- Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Setia Budi
| | - Yeonju Park
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, Kangwon National University
| | | | - Yukihiro Ozaki
- School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University.,Molecular Photoscience Research Center, Kobe University
| | - Young Mee Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, Kangwon National University
| | - Harumi Sato
- Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University.,Molecular Photoscience Research Center, Kobe University
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15
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Salim M, Fraser-Miller SJ, Be Rziņš KR, Sutton JJ, Ramirez G, Clulow AJ, Hawley A, Beilles S, Gordon KC, Boyd BJ. Low-Frequency Raman Scattering Spectroscopy as an Accessible Approach to Understand Drug Solubilization in Milk-Based Formulations during Digestion. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:885-899. [PMID: 32011151 PMCID: PMC7054896 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b01149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Techniques enabling in situ monitoring of drug solubilization and changes in the solid-state of the drug during the digestion of milk and milk-based formulations are valuable for predicting the effectiveness of such formulations in improving the oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. We have recently reported the use of low-frequency Raman scattering spectroscopy (region of analysis <200 cm-1) as an analytical approach to probe solubilization of drugs during digestion in milk using ferroquine (SSR97193) as the model compound. This study investigates the wider utilization of this technique to probe the solubilization behavior of other poorly water-soluble drugs (halofantrine, lumefantrine, and clofazimine) in not only milk but also infant formula in the absence or presence of bile salts during in vitro digestion. Multivariate analysis was used to interpret changes to the spectra related to the drug as a function of digestion time, through tracking changes in the principal component (PC) values characteristic to the drug signals. Characteristic low-frequency Raman bands for all of the drugs were evident after dispersing the solid drugs in suspension form in milk and infant formula. The drugs were generally solubilized during the digestion of the formulations as observed previously for ferroquine and correlated with behavior determined using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). A greater extent of drug solubilization was also generally observed in the infant formula compared to milk. However, in the case of the drug clofazimine, the correlation between low-frequency Raman scattering and SAXS was not clear, which may arise due to background interference from clofazimine being an intense red dye, which highlights a potential limitation of this new approach. Overall, the in situ monitoring of drug solubilization in milk and milk-based formulations during digestion can be achieved using low-frequency Raman scattering spectroscopy, and the information obtained from studying this spectral region can provide better insights into drug solubilization compared to the mid-frequency Raman region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malinda Salim
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Sara J Fraser-Miller
- Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Ka Rlis Be Rziņš
- Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Joshua J Sutton
- Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Gisela Ramirez
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Andrew J Clulow
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Adrian Hawley
- SAXS/WAXS Beamline, Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, 800 Blackburn Rd, Clayton, Victoria 3169, Australia
| | | | - Keith C Gordon
- Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Ben J Boyd
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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16
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Velusamy DB, El-Demellawi JK, El-Zohry AM, Giugni A, Lopatin S, Hedhili MN, Mansour AE, Fabrizio ED, Mohammed OF, Alshareef HN. MXenes for Plasmonic Photodetection. Adv Mater 2019; 31:e1807658. [PMID: 31222823 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201807658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
MXenes have recently shown impressive optical and plasmonic properties associated with their ultrathin-atomic-layer structure. However, their potential use in photonic and plasmonic devices has been only marginally explored. Photodetectors made of five different MXenes are fabricated, among which molybdenum carbide MXene (Mo2 CTx ) exhibits the best performance. Mo2 CTx MXene thin films deposited on paper substrates exhibit broad photoresponse in the range of 400-800 nm with high responsivity (up to 9 A W-1 ), detectivity (≈5 × 1011 Jones), and reliable photoswitching characteristics at a wavelength of 660 nm. Spatially resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopy and ultrafast femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy of the MXene nanosheets reveal that the photoresponse of Mo2 CTx is strongly dependent on its surface plasmon-assisted hot carriers. Additionally, Mo2 CTx thin-film devices are shown to be relatively stable under ambient conditions, continuous illumination and mechanical stresses, illustrating their durable photodetection operation in the visible spectral range. Micro-Raman spectroscopy conducted on bare Mo2 CTx film and on gold electrodes allowing for surface-enhanced Raman scattering demonstrates surface chemistry and a specific low-frequency band that is related to the vibrational modes of the single nanosheets. The specific ability to detect and excite individual surface plasmon modes provides a viable platform for various MXene-based optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhinesh Babu Velusamy
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jehad K El-Demellawi
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M El-Zohry
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrea Giugni
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sergei Lopatin
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed N Hedhili
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed E Mansour
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar F Mohammed
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Husam N Alshareef
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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17
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Abstract
The pharmaceutical industry is in need of new techniques to identify the chirality of solids due to regulatory and safety concerns regarding the biological activity of enantiomers. In this study, we present for the first time the application of low-frequency Raman spectroscopy as a new and sensitive method for analyzing the chiral purity of crystals. Using this method, we were able to identify small amounts, as low as 1 % w/w, of an enantiomer in racemic crystals. To demonstrate the capabilities of the method, we used a model system based on chiral crystals of enantiopure, racemic crystals and their mixtures in various ratios. We found that the low-frequency Raman spectra of racemic and enantiopure crystals are significantly different, reflecting the different hydrogen bond networks. Moreover, a comparison of the sensitivity of enantiomeric excess in chiral crystals to that of circular dichroism and X-ray diffraction measurements showed that low-frequency Raman attains high sensitivity comparable to chiral optical methods used for solutions. Overall, our proposed approach of using Raman spectroscopy for determining enantiomeric excess in crystals is simple, fast, and offers a high degree of chiral sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Nemtsov
- Department of Chemistry and Bar-Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Yitzhak Mastai
- Department of Chemistry and Bar-Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Yaakov R Tischler
- Department of Chemistry and Bar-Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Hagit Aviv
- Department of Chemistry and Bar-Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel
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18
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Puretzky AA, Liang L, Li X, Xiao K, Sumpter BG, Meunier V, Geohegan DB. Twisted MoSe₂ Bilayers with Variable Local Stacking and Interlayer Coupling Revealed by Low-Frequency Raman Spectroscopy. ACS Nano 2016; 10:2736-2744. [PMID: 26762243 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b07807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Unique twisted bilayers of MoSe2 with multiple stacking orientations and interlayer couplings in the narrow range of twist angles, 60 ± 3°, are revealed by low-frequency Raman spectroscopy and theoretical analysis. The slight deviation from 60° allows the concomitant presence of patches featuring all three high-symmetry stacking configurations (2H or AA', AB', and A'B) in one unique bilayer system. In this case, the periodic arrangement of the patches and their size strongly depend on the twist angle. Ab initio modeling predicts significant changes in frequencies and intensities of low-frequency modes versus stacking and twist angle. Experimentally, the variable stacking and coupling across the interface are revealed by the appearance of two breathing modes, corresponding to the mixture of the high-symmetry stacking configurations and unaligned regions of monolayers. Only one breathing mode is observed outside the narrow range of twist angles. This indicates a stacking transition to unaligned monolayers with mismatched atom registry without the in-plane restoring force required to generate a shear mode. The variable interlayer coupling and spacing in transition metal dichalcogenide bilayers revealed in this study may provide an interesting platform for optoelectronic applications of these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Vincent Meunier
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York 12180, United States
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19
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Huang S, Liang L, Ling X, Puretzky AA, Geohegan DB, Sumpter BG, Kong J, Meunier V, Dresselhaus MS. Low-Frequency Interlayer Raman Modes to Probe Interface of Twisted Bilayer MoS2. Nano Lett 2016; 16:1435-44. [PMID: 26797083 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b05015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
van der Waals homo- and heterostructures assembled by stamping monolayers together present optoelectronic properties suitable for diverse applications. Understanding the details of the interlayer stacking and resulting coupling is crucial for tuning these properties. We investigated the low-frequency interlayer shear and breathing Raman modes (<50 cm(-1)) in twisted bilayer MoS2 by Raman spectroscopy and first-principles modeling. Twisting significantly alters the interlayer stacking and coupling, leading to notable frequency and intensity changes of low-frequency modes. The frequency variation can be up to 8 cm(-1) and the intensity can vary by a factor of ∼5 for twisting angles near 0° and 60°, where the stacking is a mixture of high-symmetry stacking patterns and is thus sensitive to twisting. For twisting angles between 20° and 40°, the interlayer coupling is nearly constant because the stacking results in mismatched lattices over the entire sample. It follows that the Raman signature is relatively uniform. Note that for some samples, multiple breathing mode peaks appear, indicating nonuniform coupling across the interface. In contrast to the low-frequency interlayer modes, high-frequency intralayer Raman modes are much less sensitive to interlayer stacking and coupling. This research demonstrates the effectiveness of low-frequency Raman modes for probing the interfacial coupling and environment of twisted bilayer MoS2 and potentially other two-dimensional materials and heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengxi Huang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Liangbo Liang
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Xi Ling
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | | | | | | | - Jing Kong
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Vincent Meunier
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Mildred S Dresselhaus
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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20
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Puretzky AA, Liang L, Li X, Xiao K, Wang K, Mahjouri-Samani M, Basile L, Idrobo JC, Sumpter BG, Meunier V, Geohegan DB. Low-Frequency Raman Fingerprints of Two-Dimensional Metal Dichalcogenide Layer Stacking Configurations. ACS Nano 2015; 9:6333-6342. [PMID: 25965878 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b01884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The tunable optoelectronic properties of stacked two-dimensional (2D) crystal monolayers are determined by their stacking orientation, order, and atomic registry. Atomic-resolution Z-contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy (AR-Z-STEM) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) can be used to determine the exact atomic registration between different layers, in few-layer 2D stacks; however, fast optical characterization techniques are essential for rapid development of the field. Here, using two- and three-layer MoSe2 and WSe2 crystals synthesized by chemical vapor deposition, we show that the generally unexplored low frequency (LF) Raman modes (<50 cm(-1)) that originate from interlayer vibrations can serve as fingerprints to characterize not only the number of layers, but also their stacking configurations. Ab initio calculations and group theory analysis corroborate the experimental assignments determined by AR-Z-STEM and show that the calculated LF mode fingerprints are related to the 2D crystal symmetries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A Puretzky
- †Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Liangbo Liang
- ‡Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Xufan Li
- †Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Kai Xiao
- †Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Kai Wang
- †Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Masoud Mahjouri-Samani
- †Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Leonardo Basile
- ∥Departamento de Física, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito 170525, Ecuador
| | - Juan Carlos Idrobo
- †Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Bobby G Sumpter
- †Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- §Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Vincent Meunier
- ‡Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - David B Geohegan
- †Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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