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Carlson AK, Rawle RA, Adams E, Greenwood MC, Bothner B, June RK. Application of global metabolomic profiling of synovial fluid for osteoarthritis biomarkers. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 499:182-188. [PMID: 29551687 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis affects over 250 million individuals worldwide. Currently, there are no options for early diagnosis of osteoarthritis, demonstrating the need for biomarker discovery. To find biomarkers of osteoarthritis in human synovial fluid, we used high performance liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry for global metabolomic profiling. Metabolites were extracted from human osteoarthritic (n = 5), rheumatoid arthritic (n = 3), and healthy (n = 5) synovial fluid, and a total of 1233 metabolites were detected. Principal components analysis clearly distinguished the metabolomic profiles of diseased from healthy synovial fluid. Synovial fluid from rheumatoid arthritis patients contained expected metabolites consistent with the inflammatory nature of the disease. Similarly, unsupervised clustering analysis found that each disease state was associated with distinct metabolomic profiles and clusters of co-regulated metabolites. For osteoarthritis, co-regulated metabolites that were upregulated compared to healthy synovial fluid mapped to known disease processes including chondroitin sulfate degradation, arginine and proline metabolism, and nitric oxide metabolism. We utilized receiver operating characteristic analysis to determine the diagnostic value of each metabolite and identified 35 metabolites as potential biomarkers of osteoarthritis, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve >0.9. These metabolites included phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, ceramides, myristate derivatives, and carnitine derivatives. This pilot study provides strong justification for a larger cohort-based study of human osteoarthritic synovial fluid using global metabolomics. The significance of these data is the demonstration that metabolomic profiling of synovial fluid can identify relevant biomarkers of joint disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa K Carlson
- Molecular Biosciences Program, Montana State University, Bozeman, USA; Department of Cell Biology & Neuroscience, Montana State University, Bozeman, USA
| | - Rachel A Rawle
- Molecular Biosciences Program, Montana State University, Bozeman, USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, USA
| | - Erik Adams
- Department of Health and Human Development, Montana State University, Bozeman, USA
| | - Mark C Greenwood
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, USA
| | - Brian Bothner
- Molecular Biosciences Program, Montana State University, Bozeman, USA; Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, USA
| | - Ronald K June
- Molecular Biosciences Program, Montana State University, Bozeman, USA; Department of Cell Biology & Neuroscience, Montana State University, Bozeman, USA; Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, USA.
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Mazzeo MF, Cacace G, Ferriello F, Puopolo G, Zoina A, Ercolano MR, Siciliano RA. Proteomic investigation of response to FORL infection in tomato roots. Plant Physiol Biochem 2014; 74:42-9. [PMID: 24262994 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL) leading to fusarium crown and root rot is considered one of the most destructive tomato soilborne diseases occurring in greenhouse and field crops. In this study, response to FORL infection in tomato roots was investigated by differential proteomics in susceptible (Monalbo) and resistant (Momor) isogenic tomato lines, thus leading to identify 33 proteins whose amount changed depending on the pathogen infection, and/or on the two genotypes. FORL infection induced accumulation of pathogen-related proteins (PR proteins) displaying glucanase and endochitinases activity or involved in redox processes in the Monalbo genotype. Interestingly, the level of the above mentioned PR proteins was not influenced by FORL infection in the resistant tomato line, while other proteins involved in general response mechanisms to biotic and/or abiotic stresses showed significant quantitative differences. In particular, the increased level of proteins participating to arginine metabolism and glutathione S-transferase (GST; EC 2.5.1.18) as well as that of protein LOC544002 and phosphoprotein ECPP44-like, suggested their key role in pathogen defence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fiorella Mazzeo
- Proteomic and Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Center, Institute of Food Sciences, Italian National Research Council (CNR), Via Roma 64 a/c, 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Cacace
- Proteomic and Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Center, Institute of Food Sciences, Italian National Research Council (CNR), Via Roma 64 a/c, 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferriello
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples 'Federico II', Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Gerardo Puopolo
- Department of Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems and Bioresources, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 S. Michele all'Adige, TN, Italy
| | - Astolfo Zoina
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples 'Federico II', Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Maria Raffaella Ercolano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples 'Federico II', Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Rosa Anna Siciliano
- Proteomic and Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Center, Institute of Food Sciences, Italian National Research Council (CNR), Via Roma 64 a/c, 83100 Avellino, Italy.
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Holden WM, Fites JS, Reinert LK, Rollins-Smith LA. Nikkomycin Z is an effective inhibitor of the chytrid fungus linked to global amphibian declines. Fungal Biol 2013; 118:48-60. [PMID: 24433676 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fungal infections in humans, wildlife, and plants are a growing concern because of their devastating effects on human and ecosystem health. In recent years, populations of many amphibian species have declined, and some have become extinct due to chytridiomycosis caused by the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. For some endangered amphibian species, captive colonies are the best intermediate solution towards eventual reintroduction, and effective antifungal treatments are needed to cure chytridiomycosis and limit the spread of this pathogen in such survival assurance colonies. Currently, the best accepted treatment for infected amphibians is itraconazole, but its toxic side effects reduce its usefulness for many species. Safer antifungal treatments are needed for disease control. Here, we show that nikkomycin Z, a chitin synthase inhibitor, dramatically alters the cell wall stability of B. dendrobatidis cells and completely inhibits growth of B. dendrobatidis at 250 μM. Low doses of nikkomycin Z enhanced the effectiveness of natural antimicrobial skin peptide mixtures tested in vitro. These studies suggest that nikkomycin Z would be an effective treatment to significantly reduce the fungal burden in frogs infected by B. dendrobatidis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney M Holden
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - J Scott Fites
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
| | - Laura K Reinert
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Louise A Rollins-Smith
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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Bergeron ZL, Chun JB, Baker MR, Sandall DW, Peigneur S, Yu PY, Thapa P, Milisen JW, Tytgat J, Livett BG, Bingham JP. A 'conovenomic' analysis of the milked venom from the mollusk-hunting cone snail Conus textile--the pharmacological importance of post-translational modifications. Peptides 2013; 49:145-58. [PMID: 24055806 PMCID: PMC6013274 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Revised: 09/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cone snail venoms provide a largely untapped source of novel peptide drug leads. To enhance the discovery phase, a detailed comparative proteomic analysis was undertaken on milked venom from the mollusk-hunting cone snail, Conus textile, from three different geographic locations (Hawai'i, American Samoa and Australia's Great Barrier Reef). A novel milked venom conopeptide rich in post-translational modifications was discovered, characterized and named α-conotoxin TxIC. We assign this conopeptide to the 4/7 α-conotoxin family based on the peptide's sequence homology and cDNA pre-propeptide alignment. Pharmacologically, α-conotoxin TxIC demonstrates minimal activity on human acetylcholine receptor models (100 μM, <5% inhibition), compared to its high paralytic potency in invertebrates, PD50 = 34.2 nMol kg(-1). The non-post-translationally modified form, [Pro](2,8)[Glu](16)α-conotoxin TxIC, demonstrates differential selectivity for the α3β2 isoform of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor with maximal inhibition of 96% and an observed IC50 of 5.4 ± 0.5 μM. Interestingly its comparative PD50 (3.6 μMol kg(-1)) in invertebrates was ~100 fold more than that of the native peptide. Differentiating α-conotoxin TxIC from other α-conotoxins is the high degree of post-translational modification (44% of residues). This includes the incorporation of γ-carboxyglutamic acid, two moieties of 4-trans hydroxyproline, two disulfide bond linkages, and C-terminal amidation. These findings expand upon the known chemical diversity of α-conotoxins and illustrate a potential driver of toxin phyla-selectivity within Conus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary L. Bergeron
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA, 96822
| | - Joycelyn B. Chun
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA, 96822
| | - Margaret R. Baker
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA, 96822
| | - David W. Sandall
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, 3010
| | - Steve Peigneur
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Campus Gasthuisberg O&N II, Leuven, Belgium, 3000
| | - Peter Y.C. Yu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA, 96822
| | - Parashar Thapa
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA, 96822
| | - Jeffrey W. Milisen
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA, 96822
| | - Jan Tytgat
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Campus Gasthuisberg O&N II, Leuven, Belgium, 3000
| | - Bruce G. Livett
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, 3010
| | - Jon-Paul Bingham
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA, 96822
- Corresponding Author: Dr. Jon-Paul Bingham, , Fax: (808) 965-3542, Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i, HI, 96822, USA
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Tamae D, Byrns M, Marck B, Mostaghel EA, Nelson PS, Lange P, Lin D, Taplin ME, Balk S, Ellis W, True L, Vessella R, Montgomery B, Blair IA, Penning TM. Development, validation and application of a stable isotope dilution liquid chromatography electrospray ionization/selected reaction monitoring/mass spectrometry (SID-LC/ESI/SRM/MS) method for quantification of keto-androgens in human serum. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2013; 138:281-9. [PMID: 23851165 PMCID: PMC3866616 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2013.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2013] [Revised: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed form of cancer in males in the United States. The disease is androgen driven and the use of orchiectomy or chemical castration, known as androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has been employed for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer for over 70 years. Agents such as GnRH agonists and non-steroidal androgen receptor antagonists are routinely used in the clinic, but eventually relapse occurs due to the emergence of castration-resistant prostate cancer. With the appreciation that androgen signaling still persists in these patients and the development of new therapies such as abiraterone and enzalutamide that further suppresses androgen synthesis or signaling, there is a renewed need for sensitive and specific methods to quantify androgen precursor and metabolite levels to assess drug efficacy. We describe the development, validation and application of a stable isotope dilution liquid chromatography electrospray ionization selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry (SID-LC/ESI/SRM/MS) method for quantification of serum keto-androgens and their sulfate and glucuronide conjugates using Girard-T oxime derivatives. The method is robust down to 0.2-4pg on column, depending on the androgen metabolite quantified, and can also quantify dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) in only 1μL of serum. The clinical utility of this method was demonstrated by analyzing serum androgens from patients enrolled in a clinical trial assessing combinations of pharmacological agents to maximally suppress gonadal and adrenal androgens (Targeted Androgen Pathway Suppression, TAPS clinical trial). The method was validated by correlating the results obtained with a hydroxylamine derivatization procedure coupled with tandem mass spectrometry using selected reaction monitoring that was conducted in an independent laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Tamae
- Centers of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology and Cancer Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Michael Byrns
- Centers of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology and Cancer Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Brett Marck
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Elahe A. Mostaghel
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Peter S. Nelson
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Paul Lange
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA United States
| | - Daniel Lin
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA United States
| | - Mary-Ellen Taplin
- Harvard Medical School, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center and Beth-Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Steven Balk
- Harvard Medical School, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center and Beth-Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - William Ellis
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA United States
| | - Larry True
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Robert Vessella
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA United States
| | - Bruce Montgomery
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Ian A. Blair
- Centers of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology and Cancer Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Trevor M. Penning
- Centers of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology and Cancer Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Corresponding author at: Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, 1315 BRBII/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6061, United States. Tel.: +1 215 898 9445; fax: +1 215 573 0200
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Michl J, Jennings HM, Kite GC, Ingrouille MJ, Simmonds MSJ, Heinrich M. Is aristolochic acid nephropathy a widespread problem in developing countries? A case study of Aristolochia indica L. in Bangladesh using an ethnobotanical-phytochemical approach. J Ethnopharmacol 2013; 149:235-44. [PMID: 23806867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Species of Aristolochia are associated with aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN), a renal interstitial fibrosis and upper urinary tract cancer (UUC). Aristolochic acid nephropathy has been reported in ten countries but its true incidence is unknown and most likely underestimated. By combining an ethnobotanical and phytochemical approach we provide evidence for the risk of AAN occurring in Bangladesh. More specifically, we assess the intra-specific variation of aristolochic acid analogues in medicinally used Aristolochia indica samples from Bangladesh. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethnobotanical information was collected from 16 kavirajes (traditional healers) in different study locations in Bangladesh. Plant samples were obtained from native habitats, botanical gardens, herbal markets and pharmaceutical companies. The samples were extracted using 70% methanol and were analysed using LC-DAD-MS and (1)H-NMR. RESULTS Roots as well as leaves are commonly used for symptoms such as snake bites and sexual problems. Among the informants knowledge about toxicity or side effects is very limited and Aristolochia indica is often administered in very high doses. Replacement of Aristolochia indica with other medicinal plants such as Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz was common. Aristolochia indica samples contained a variety of aristolochic acid analogues such as aristolochic acid I, aristolochic acid II, cepharadione A and related compounds. CONCLUSIONS AAN cases are likely to occur in Bangladesh and more awareness needs to be raised about the health risks associated with the use of Aristolochia indica and other species of Aristolochia as herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Michl
- Centre for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, UCL School of Pharmacy, University of London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
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Chu L, Fu G, Meng Q, Zhou H, Zhang M. Identification of urinary biomarkers for type 2 diabetes using bead-based proteomic approach. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2013; 101:187-93. [PMID: 23769013 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2013.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To seek urinary peptides as biomarkers distinguishing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients from healthy controls. METHODS Random urine samples obtained from 28 patients with T2DM and 29 healthy individuals were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) after purification using weak cationic-exchange magnetic beads (MB-WCX). Then the generated mass spectra of peptides were analyzed by ClinProTools2.1 bioinformatics software. Subsequently, the amino acid sequences of differently expressed peptides were identified by a nano-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and a Sequest search found the corresponding protein name. RESULTS Three differently expressed peptides and their mass to charge ratios (m/z) were found. Compared with healthy controls, the peak areas of the three differently expressed peptides were all reduced in T2DM, and the m/z were 1056.1 (m/z), 1963.5 (m/z), 2123.5 (m/z), respectively. The above-mentioned peptides were further identified as fragments of histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1), bifunctional aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (EPRS), and clusterin precursor protein (CLU). CONCLUSIONS Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1, bifunctional aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, and clusterin precursor protein may serve as potential biomarkers distinguishing type 2 diabetes mellitus patients from healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Chu
- The Ninth Clinical Medical College of Peking University, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, China
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Hodge K, Have ST, Hutton L, Lamond AI. Cleaning up the masses: exclusion lists to reduce contamination with HPLC-MS/MS. J Proteomics 2013; 88:92-103. [PMID: 23501838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry, in the past five years, has increased in speed, accuracy and use. With the ability of the mass spectrometers to identify increasing numbers of proteins the identification of undesirable peptides (those not from the protein sample) has also increased. Most undesirable contaminants originate in the laboratory and come from either the user (e.g. keratin from hair and skin), or from reagents (e.g. trypsin), that are required to prepare samples for analysis. We found that a significant amount of MS instrument time was spent sequencing peptides from abundant contaminant proteins. While completely eliminating non-specific protein contamination is not feasible, it is possible to reduce the sequencing of these contaminants. For example, exclusion lists can provide a list of masses that can be used to instruct the mass spectrometer to ‘ignore’ the undesired contaminant peptides in the list. We empirically generated be-spoke exclusion lists for several model organisms (Homo sapiens, Caenorhabditis elegans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Xenopus laevis), utilising information from over 500 mass spectrometry runs and cumulative analysis of these data. Here we show that by employing these empirically generated lists, it was possible to reduce the time spent analysing contaminating peptides in a given sample thereby facilitating more efficient data acquisition and analysis. Biological significance Given the current efficacy of the Mass Spectrometry instrumentation, the utilisation of data from ~500 mass spec runs to generate be-spoke exclusion lists and optimise data acquisition is the significance of this manuscript. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: New Horizons and Applications for Proteomics [EuPA 2012]. We looked at the contribution of ‘contaminating’ peptides to MS acquisition time. We found that 30–50% of time was wasted on contaminant peptide sequencing. We tested whether the application of an exclusion list would solve this problem. Exclusion lists generated for specific species from > 500 mass spectrometry runs. Exclusion lists enabled more efficient analysis with coverage and isoform data.
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Gelman JS, Dasgupta S, Berezniuk I, Fricker LD. Analysis of peptides secreted from cultured mouse brain tissue. Biochim Biophys Acta 2013; 1834:2408-17. [PMID: 23402728 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2013.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Revised: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Peptides represent a major class of cell-cell signaling molecules. Most peptidomic studies have focused on peptides present in brain or other tissues. For a peptide to function in intercellular signaling, it must be secreted. The present study was undertaken to identify the major peptides secreted from mouse brain slices that were cultured in oxygenated buffer for 3-4h. Approximately 75% of the peptides identified in extracts of cultured slices matched the previously reported peptide content of heat-inactivated mouse brain tissue, whereas only 2% matched the peptide content of unheated brain tissue; the latter showed a large number of postmortem changes. As found with extracts of heat-inactivated mouse brain, the extracts of cultured brain slices represented secretory pathway peptides as well as peptides derived from intracellular proteins such as those present in the cytosol and mitochondria. A subset of the peptides detected in the extracts of the cultured slices was detected in the culture media. The vast majority of secreted peptides arose from intracellular proteins and not secretory pathway proteins. The peptide RVD-hemopressin, a CB1 cannabinoid receptor agonist, was detected in culture media, which is consistent with a role for RVD-hemopressin as a non-classical neuropeptide. Taken together with previous studies, the present results show that short-term culture of mouse brain slices is an appropriate system to study peptide secretion, especially the non-conventional pathway(s) by which peptides produced from intracellular proteins are secreted. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: An Updated Secretome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia S Gelman
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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