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Ripabelli G, Sammarco ML, D'Amico A, De Dona R, Iafigliola M, Parente A, Samprati N, Santagata A, Adesso C, Natale A, Di Palma MA, Cannizzaro F, Romano R, Licianci A, Tamburro M. Safety of mRNA BNT162b2 COVID-19 (Pfizer-BioNtech) vaccine in children aged 5-11 years: Results from an active pharmacovigilance study in central Italy. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2126668. [PMID: 36315849 PMCID: PMC9746364 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2126668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
This survey investigated on adverse events after vaccination with mRNA BNT162b2 (Comirnaty, Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccine in children aged 5-11 years in central Italy through active surveillance reporting. During December 2021-January 2022, parents of children who undergone vaccination were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. 197 out of 208 contacted parents participated (94.7% response rate), of whom 166 (84.3%) had one child. Of the 229 children, the mean age was 8.9 years, 50.7% were female. 193 (84.3%) had at least one adverse event after the first dose (mean age 9.1 years; 54.4% female), and 146 (73.4%) of 199 after the second (mean age 8.9 years; 54.8% female), which was not administered to 30 children due to previous COVID-19 history. Local symptoms after the first and second dose occurred in 183 (94.8%) and 141 (96.6%) recipients (p = .435), respectively, while systemic reactions in 62 (32.1%) and 34 (23.3%) (p = .074). Mild events were reported by 81.7% and 69.8% children after the first and second dose, followed by moderate (3.9% and 10.6%) and severe (1.3% and 0.5%). After each dose, injection site reactions (79.5% and 68.8%) were the most frequent, followed by headache (13.1%) and lymphadenopathy (8.5%) after the first and second dose, respectively. The adverse events were reported to pediatricians only for 5.7% and 3.9% of children and treated for 17.6% and 15.8%. This is the first report about safety profile through active surveillance of mRNA BNT162b2 among children in Italy, revealing temporary and mild-to-moderate symptoms with no serious events after each vaccine dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Ripabelli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy.,School of Specialization in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Michela Lucia Sammarco
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Antonio D'Amico
- School of Specialization in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Roberta De Dona
- School of Specialization in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Iafigliola
- School of Specialization in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Albino Parente
- School of Specialization in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Nicandro Samprati
- School of Specialization in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Arturo Santagata
- School of Specialization in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Carmen Adesso
- School of Specialization in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Anna Natale
- School of Specialization in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Michela Anna Di Palma
- School of Specialization in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Fabio Cannizzaro
- School of Specialization in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Roberto Romano
- Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Regionale del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Antonietta Licianci
- Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Regionale del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Manuela Tamburro
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
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Corrá A, Barei F, Genovese G, Zussino M, Spigariolo CB, Mariotti EB, Quintarelli L, Verdelli A, Caproni M, Marzano AV. Five cases of new-onset pemphigus following vaccinations against coronavirus disease 2019. J Dermatol 2022; 50:229-233. [PMID: 35975548 PMCID: PMC9538601 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.16554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Pemphigus is a group of blistering disorders characterized by the formation of intraepithelial blisters in skin and mucous membranes induced by the binding of circulating autoantibodies to intercellular adhesion molecules. The pathogenesis is complex and not fully understood; however, genetic predisposition and various triggers are widely accepted as key factors in pemphigus development. A few cases of new-onset pemphigus following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination have already been published. The present paper reports a total of two cases of pemphigus foliaceous and three cases of pemphigus vulgaris that occurred following vaccinations against COVID-19, with anamnestic, clinical, and diagnostic data collection suggesting assumptions over a possible causal correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Corrá
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Health ScienceUniversity of Florence ‐ Piero Palagi HospitalFlorenceItaly
| | - Francesca Barei
- Unit of DermatologyFondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly,Department of Pathophysiology and transplantationUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
| | - Giovanni Genovese
- Unit of DermatologyFondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly,Department of Pathophysiology and transplantationUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
| | - Martina Zussino
- Unit of DermatologyFondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly
| | - Cristina B. Spigariolo
- Unit of DermatologyFondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly,Department of Pathophysiology and transplantationUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
| | - Elena B. Mariotti
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Health ScienceUniversity of Florence ‐ Piero Palagi HospitalFlorenceItaly
| | - Lavinia Quintarelli
- Rare Skin Diseases Unit, Azienda USL Toscana Centro, ERN‐SKIN member, Department of Health SciencesUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Alice Verdelli
- Rare Skin Diseases Unit, Azienda USL Toscana Centro, ERN‐SKIN member, Department of Health SciencesUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Marzia Caproni
- Rare Skin Diseases Unit, Azienda USL Toscana Centro, ERN‐SKIN member, Department of Health SciencesUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Angelo V. Marzano
- Unit of DermatologyFondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly,Department of Pathophysiology and transplantationUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
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Benucci M, Damiani A, Gobbi FL, Lari B, Grossi V, Infantino M, Manfredi M. Role of booster with BNT162b2 mRNA in SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Immunol Res 2022; 70:493-500. [PMID: 35543863 PMCID: PMC9092040 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-022-09283-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Only case reports and small clinical series report the effects of booster vaccination with BNT162b2 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We studied 200 patients with RA in clinical remission evaluated with the DAS28. All patients were vaccinated for SARS CoV-2 with the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. The value of anti-SARS-CoV 2 Spike RBD IgG antibodies was determined at T1 (3 weeks after first vaccination) and T2 (3 weeks after booster). In addition, patients underwent assessment of lymphocyte subpopulations by flow cytometry analysis before starting the vaccination cycle (T0). Furthermore, the serum antibody levels of 96 health care workers (HCWs) were analyzed for comparison. DAS28 values at T0, T1, and T2 indicated remission or low disease activity in all patients. Levels of anti-SARS CoV-2 IgG at T1 were higher in HCWs than in patients' groups: 1562.00 BAU WHO/mL [975.00-1632.00] vs 416.00 BAU WHO/mL [110.00, 1581.00], p <0.001. Anti-SARS COV2 IgG levels at T1 and at T2 were slightly lower in patients taking b/tsDMARDs than in patients under csDMARDs. Regression analysis evidenced age, treatment with abatacept (ABA), JAK inhibitors, and rituximab (RTX) as negative predictors of higher anti-SARS CoV-2 IgG levels at T1. Moreover, treatment with anti-IL6, anti-JAK, and anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) emerged as positive predictors of higher levels of anti-SARS CoV-2 IgG at T2. Our data show that despite the booster vaccine with BNT162b2, seroconversion in patients with rheumatoid arthritis is influenced by the background therapy, particularly for patients being treated with ABA and RTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Benucci
- Rheumatology Unit, S.Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Azienda USL-Toscana Centro, Florence, Italy
| | - Arianna Damiani
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Li Gobbi
- Rheumatology Unit, S.Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Azienda USL-Toscana Centro, Florence, Italy
| | - Barbara Lari
- Immunology and Allergology Laboratory Unit, S.Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Azienda USL-Toscana Centro, Via Torregalli, 3, 50143, Florence, Italy
| | - Valentina Grossi
- Immunology and Allergology Laboratory Unit, S.Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Azienda USL-Toscana Centro, Via Torregalli, 3, 50143, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Infantino
- Immunology and Allergology Laboratory Unit, S.Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Azienda USL-Toscana Centro, Via Torregalli, 3, 50143, Florence, Italy.
| | - Mariangela Manfredi
- Immunology and Allergology Laboratory Unit, S.Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Azienda USL-Toscana Centro, Via Torregalli, 3, 50143, Florence, Italy
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Notarte KI, Ver AT, Velasco JV, Pastrana A, Catahay JA, Salvagno GL, Yap EPH, Martinez-Sobrido L, B Torrelles J, Lippi G, Henry BM. Effects of age, sex, serostatus, and underlying comorbidities on humoral response post-SARS-CoV-2 Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccination: a systematic review. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2022; 59:373-390. [PMID: 35220860 PMCID: PMC8935447 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2022.2038539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
With the advent of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, several vaccines have been developed to mitigate its spread and prevent adverse consequences of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The mRNA technology is an unprecedented vaccine, usually given in two doses to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infections. Despite effectiveness and safety, inter-individual immune response heterogeneity has been observed in recipients of mRNA-based vaccines. As a novel disease, the specific immune response mechanism responsible for warding off COVID-19 remains unclear at this point. However, significant evidence suggests that humoral response plays a crucial role in affording immunoprotection and preventing debilitating sequelae from COVID-19. As such, this paper focused on the possible effects of age, sex, serostatus, and comorbidities on humoral response (i.e. total antibodies, IgG, and/or IgA) of different populations post-mRNA-based Pfizer-BioNTech vaccination. A systematic search of literature was performed through PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, Google Scholar, Science Direct, medRxiv, and Research Square. Studies were included if they reported humoral response to COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. A total of 32 studies were identified and reviewed, and the percent differences of means of reported antibody levels were calculated for comparison. Findings revealed that older individuals, male sex, seronegativity, and those with more comorbidities mounted less humoral immune response. Given these findings, several recommendations were proposed regarding the current vaccination practices. These include giving additional doses of vaccination for immunocompromised and elderly populations. Another recommendation is conducting clinical trials in giving a combined scheme of mRNA vaccines, protein vaccines, and vector-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kin Israel Notarte
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
| | | | | | - Adriel Pastrana
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Gian Luca Salvagno
- Service of Laboratory Medicine, Pederzoli Hospital, Peschiera del Garda, Italy.,Section of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Eric Peng Huat Yap
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Luis Martinez-Sobrido
- Disease Intervention & Prevention and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jordi B Torrelles
- Disease Intervention & Prevention and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Giuseppe Lippi
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Brandon Michael Henry
- Disease Intervention & Prevention and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Clinical Laboratory, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Notarte KI, Guerrero-Arguero I, Velasco JV, Ver AT, de Oliveira MHS, Catahay JA, Khan SR, Pastrana A, Juszczyk G, Torrelles JB, Lippi G, Martinez-Sobrido L, Henry BM. Characterization of the significant decline in humoral immune response six months post-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination: A systematic review. J Med Virol 2022; 94:2939-2961. [PMID: 35229324 PMCID: PMC9088566 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence shows a progressive decline in the efficacy of coronavirus disease 2019 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccines such as Pfizer-BioNTech (mRNA BNT161b2) and Moderna (mRNA-1273) in preventing breakthrough infections due to diminishing humoral immunity over time. Thus, this review characterizes the kinetics of anti-SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) antibodies after the second dose of a primary cycle of COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. A systematic search of literature was performed and a total of 18 articles (N=15,980 participants) were identified and reviewed. The percent difference of means of reported antibody titers were then calculated to determine the decline in humoral response after the peak levels post-vaccination. Findings revealed that the peak humoral response was reached at 21-28 days after the second dose, after which serum levels progressively diminished at 4-6 months post-vaccination. Additionally, results showed that regardless of age, sex, serostatus and presence of comorbidities, longitudinal data reporting antibody measurement exhibited a decline of both anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) IgG and anti-spike IgG, ranging from 94-95% at 90-180 days and 55-85% at 140-160 days, respectively, after the peak antibody response. This suggests that the rate of antibody decline may be independent of patient-related factors and peak antibody titers but mainly a function of time and antibody class/molecular target. Hence, this study highlights the necessity of more efficient vaccination strategies to provide booster administration in attenuating the effects of waning immunity, especially in the appearance of new variants of concerns (VoCs). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kin Israel Notarte
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
| | - Israel Guerrero-Arguero
- Disease Intervention & Prevention and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Siddiqur Rahman Khan
- Disease Intervention & Prevention and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Adriel Pastrana
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
| | - Grzegorz Juszczyk
- Department of Public Health, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jordi B Torrelles
- Disease Intervention & Prevention and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Giuseppe Lippi
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Luis Martinez-Sobrido
- Disease Intervention & Prevention and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Brandon Michael Henry
- Disease Intervention & Prevention and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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Saciuk Y, Kertes J, Mandel M, Hemo B, Shamir Stein N, Ekka Zohar A. Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine effectiveness against Sars-Cov-2 infection: Findings from a large observational study in Israel. Prev Med 2022; 155:106947. [PMID: 34974072 PMCID: PMC8717697 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Development of an effective vaccine against Covid-19 is crucial to reducing infection. mRNA BNT162b2, developed and manufactured by Pfizer-BioNTech, was one of the first FDA-approved vaccinations reporting high efficacy (95%) and minimal side effects. Evaluating effectiveness of BNT162b2 in a general population has been made possible after the implementation of a nation-wide vaccination program in Israel. This retrospective cohort study was carried out in Maccabi HealthCare services, Israel among 1.6 million members aged 16 and over. The population was divided into those who were at least seven days post- second vaccination and those who had not been vaccinated. Number of days till the end of the study or Covid-19 infection, Covid-19-related hospitalization and mortality was calculated for each participant between 18.1.2021 to 25.4.2021. Participants who had reached day eight after second vaccination during the study period could contribute days to both groups. Vaccine efficacy (VE) was calculated using a conditional Poisson model, controlling for age group, gender, hypertension, diabetes and obesity, fitted within clusters defined by geographical statistical area and calendar week. BNT162b2 was found effective for the total population group for infection, hospitalization and mortality, with adjusted VE of 93·0% (CI:92·6-93·4%), 93·4% (CI:91·9-94·7%) and 91·1% (CI:86·5-94·1%) respectively. VE for infection was lower for participants aged 75 and over, and for those with hypertension, diabetes and obesity. This study strengthens the evidence that the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccination is effective in preventing infection, hospitalization and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaki Saciuk
- Dept. Health Evaluation & Research, Division of Data & Digital Health, Maccabi HealthCare Services, Rehov HaMered 27, Tel Aviv 68125, Israel
| | - Jennifer Kertes
- Dept. Health Evaluation & Research, Division of Data & Digital Health, Maccabi HealthCare Services, Rehov HaMered 27, Tel Aviv 68125, Israel.
| | - Micha Mandel
- Statistics Dept, Hebrew university of Jerusalem, Mt Scopus Campus, Har Hatsofim, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Beatriz Hemo
- Dept. Health Evaluation & Research, Division of Data & Digital Health, Maccabi HealthCare Services, Rehov HaMered 27, Tel Aviv 68125, Israel
| | - Naama Shamir Stein
- Dept. Health Evaluation & Research, Division of Data & Digital Health, Maccabi HealthCare Services, Rehov HaMered 27, Tel Aviv 68125, Israel
| | - Anat Ekka Zohar
- Division of Data & Digital Health, Maccabi HealthCare Services, Rehov HaMered 27, Tel Aviv 68125, Israel.
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Abstract
A retrospective cohort study was carried out in a large Israeli health maintenance organization to determine vaccine effectiveness (VE) of a third dose of BNT162b2 vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Of nearly 1 million members receiving 2 doses of BNT162b2 in January-February 2021, infection rates (based on polymerase chain reaction results) were compared between those who received a third dose with those who did not during August-October 2021 (maximum, 70 days). Crude VE was 92.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 92.6%-93.2%) and adjusted VE was 89.1% (95% CI, 87.5%-90.5%). We conclude that the third dose provides added protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection for those vaccinated 6 months ago.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaki Saciuk
- Division of Data and Digital Health, Maccabi HealthCare Services, Tel Aviv–Jaffa, Israel
| | - Jennifer Kertes
- Division of Data and Digital Health, Maccabi HealthCare Services, Tel Aviv–Jaffa, Israel
| | - Naama Shamir Stein
- Division of Data and Digital Health, Maccabi HealthCare Services, Tel Aviv–Jaffa, Israel
| | - Anat Ekka Zohar
- Division of Data and Digital Health, Maccabi HealthCare Services, Tel Aviv–Jaffa, Israel
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Bongiovanni M, Liuzzi G, Schiavon L, Gianturco L, Giuliani G. Evaluation of the immune response to COVID-19 vaccine mRNA BNT162b2 and correlation with previous COVID-19 infection. J Clin Virol 2021; 143:104962. [PMID: 34488067 PMCID: PMC8378067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2021.104962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background The kinetics of immune response after vaccination with mRNA-BNT162b2 (Comirnaty®) and the correlation with previous COVID-19 infection are still unclear. Methods Thirty-six subjects receiving mRNA-BNT162b2 were prospectively studied [10 days after the first dose (Time 1), 7 days and 16 weeks after the second dose (Time 2 and Time 3)] to determine antibody titers against nucleocapside, trimeric spike protein (TSP) and receptor-binding-domain (RBD) of the spike protein. Ten subjects had a previous COVID-19 infection not requiring hospitalization (Group 1) and 26 did not (Group 2). Results At Time 1 all subjects in Group 1 had IgG against TSP > 800 AU/mL compared to 11/26 (42.3%) in Group 2, whilst at Time 2 all subjects in both groups had > 800 AU/mL. The mean IgG against TSP titer at Time 3 was 711 AU/mL (95% CI 652–800) in Group 1 and 240 AU/mL (95% CI 112–375) in Group 2 (p < 0.0001). However, all subjects in both groups maintained antibody titers above the lower threshold limit at each time-point considered. These results were confirmed also using anti-RBD antibodiy tests. Antibodies against nucleocapside were reactive only in subjects in Group 1 and remained stable during the study period. No subject had a new onset of COVID-19 infection within 16 weeks of follow-up. Conclusions Subjects with previous COVID-19 infection have a more rapid immune response to mRNA-BNT162b2 than others and maintained higher antibody titers during 16 weeks of follow-up. However, no new COVID-19 infection also in subjects with lower antibody titers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bongiovanni
- Pneumology Unit, Department of Medicine, ASST Rhodense, Milan, Italy.
| | | | | | - Luigi Gianturco
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, ASST Rhodense, Milan, Italy
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Benucci M, Infantino M, Manfredi M, Li Gobbi F, Sarzi-Puttini P, Caproni M. Covid vaccination in patients with autoimmune diseases treated with mycophenolate: Let's think back to the recommendations. Autoimmun Rev 2021; 20:102908. [PMID: 34274547 PMCID: PMC8282441 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2021.102908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Benucci
- Rheumatology Unit, S. Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Azienda USL-Toscana Centro, Florence, Italy.
| | - Maria Infantino
- Immunology and Allergology Laboratory, S.Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Azienda USL-Toscana Centro, Florence, Italy
| | - Mariangela Manfredi
- Immunology and Allergology Laboratory, S.Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Azienda USL-Toscana Centro, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Li Gobbi
- Rheumatology Unit, S. Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Azienda USL-Toscana Centro, Florence, Italy
| | - Piercarlo Sarzi-Puttini
- Rheumatology Unit, ASST-Fatebenefratelli L. Sacco University Hospital, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Marzia Caproni
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Dermatology, USL Toscana Centro, Rare Diseases Unit, European Reference Network-Skin Member, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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