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Morales Viteri D, Herrera-Varela M, Albuja M, Quiroga C, Diaz G, del Aguila Morante C, Ramirez D, Vinetz JM, Bickersmith SA, Conn JE. New Records of Anopheles benarrochi B (Diptera: Culicidae) in Malaria Hotspots in the Amazon Regions of Ecuador and Peru. J Med Entomol 2021; 58:1234-1240. [PMID: 33511394 PMCID: PMC8349109 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The increase in malaria transmission in the Amazon region motivated vector control units of the Ministry of Health of Ecuador and Peru to investigate Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae) species present in transmission hotspots. Mosquitoes were collected using prokopack aspirators and CDC light traps (Ecuador) and human landing catch in Peru. In Ecuador, 84 Anopheles were captured from Pastaza, Morona Santiago, and Orellana provinces and identified morphologically [An. (An.) apicimacula Dyar and Knab, An. (Nys.) near benarrochi, An. (Nys.) near oswaldoi, An. (Nys.) near strodei, An. (An.) nimbus (Theobald, 1902), and An. (Nyssorhynchus) sp.]. In Peru, 1,150 Anopheles were collected in Andoas District. A subsample of 166 specimens was stored under silica and identified as An. near oswaldoi, An. darlingi, and An. (An.) mattogrossensis Lutz and Neiva. COI barcode region sequences were obtained for 137 adults (107 from Peru, 30 from Ecuador) identified by ITS2 PCR-RFLP as An. benarrochi Gabaldon, Cova Garcia, and Lopez and retained in the final analysis. Haplotypes from the present study plus An. benarrochi B GenBank sequences grouped separately from Brazilian An. benarrochi GenBank sequences by 44 mutation steps, indicating that the present study specimens were An. benarrochi B. Our findings confirm the presence of An. benarrochi B in Ecuador and reported here for the first time from the Amazonian provinces of Orellana and Morona Santiago. Furthermore, we confirm that the species collected in Andoas District in the Datem del Maranon Province, Peru, is An. benarrochi B, and we observed that it is highly anthropophilic. Overall, the known distribution of An. benarrochi B has been extended and includes southern Colombia, much of Peru and eastern Ecuador.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Morales Viteri
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Centro de Referencia Nacional de Vectores, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Manuela Herrera-Varela
- Laboratorio ICEMR-Amazonia, Laboratorios de Investigacio ´n y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofia, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Maribel Albuja
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Centro de Referencia Nacional de Vectores, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | - Gloria Diaz
- Unidad de Entomología, Laboratorio Referencial Regional de Salud Pública de Loreto, Dirección Regional de Salud (DIRESA), Loreto, Peru
| | - Clara del Aguila Morante
- Unidad de Entomología, Laboratorio Referencial Regional de Salud Pública de Loreto, Dirección Regional de Salud (DIRESA), Loreto, Peru
| | - Dario Ramirez
- Unidad de Entomología, Laboratorio Referencial Regional de Salud Pública de Loreto, Dirección Regional de Salud (DIRESA), Loreto, Peru
| | - Joseph M Vinetz
- Laboratorio ICEMR-Amazonia, Laboratorios de Investigacio ´n y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofia, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | | | - Jan E Conn
- Department of Health, Wadsworth Center, New York State, Albany, NY
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York, Albany, NY
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