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Duryee MJ, Wiese BM, Bowman JR, Vanlandingham JD, Klassen LW, Thiele GE, Hunter CD, Anderson DR, Mikuls TR, Thiele GM. Liver tissue metabolically transformed by alcohol induces immune recognition of liver self-proteins but not in vivo inflammation. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2018; 314:G418-G430. [PMID: 29351393 PMCID: PMC5899239 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00183.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Precision-cut liver slices (PCLSs) provide a novel model for studies of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). This is relevant, as in vivo ethanol exposure does not appear to generate significant liver damage in ethanol-fed mice, except in the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism binge model of ALD. Previous studies have shown that the two metabolites of ethanol consumption, malondialdhyde (MDA) and acetaldehyde (AA), combine to form MDA-AA (MAA) adducts, which have been correlated with the development and progression of ALD. In this study, murine PCLSs were incubated with ethanol and examined for the production of MAA adducts. PCLSs were homogenized, and homogenates were injected into C57BL/6 mice. PCLSs from control-, pair-, and ethanol-fed animals served as targets in in situ cytotoxic assays using primed T cells from mice hyperimmunized with control or ethanol-exposed PCLS homogenates. A CD45.1/CD45.2 passive-transfer model was used to determine whether T cells from the spleens of mice hyperimmunized with PCLS ethanol-exposed homogenates trafficked to the liver. PCLSs incubated with ethanol generated MAA-modified proteins in situ. Cytotoxic (CD8+) T cells from immunized mice killed naïve PCLSs from control- and pair-fed mice in vitro, a response that was blunted in PCLSs from ethanol-fed mice. Furthermore, CD45.1 CD8+ T cells from hyperimmunized mice trafficked to the liver but did not initiate liver damage. This study demonstrates that exposure to liver tissue damaged by ethanol mediates robust immune responses to well-characterized alcohol metabolites and native liver proteins in vitro. Moreover, although these proinflammatory T cells traffic to the liver, these responses appear to be dampened in vivo by locally acting pathways. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study shows that the metabolites of ethanol and lipid breakdown produce malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde adducts in the precision-cut liver slice model system. Additionally, precision-cut liver slices exposed to ethanol and harboring malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde adducts generate liver-specific antibody and T cell responses in the spleens of naïve mice that could traffic to the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Duryee
- 1Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska,2Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Omaha Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Benjamin M. Wiese
- 1Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Jordan R. Bowman
- 1Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Jared D. Vanlandingham
- 1Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Lynell W. Klassen
- 1Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska,2Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Omaha Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Geoffrey E. Thiele
- 1Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Carlos D. Hunter
- 1Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska,2Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Omaha Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Daniel R. Anderson
- 3Experimental Immunology, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Research in Cardiovascular Disease Laboratory at the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Ted R. Mikuls
- 1Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska,2Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Omaha Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Geoffrey M. Thiele
- 1Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska,2Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Omaha Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska,4Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
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Gonen A, Hansen LF, Turner WW, Montano EN, Que X, Rafia A, Chou MY, Wiesner P, Tsiantoulas D, Corr M, VanNieuwenhze MS, Tsimikas S, Binder CJ, Witztum JL, Hartvigsen K. Atheroprotective immunization with malondialdehyde-modified LDL is hapten specific and dependent on advanced MDA adducts: implications for development of an atheroprotective vaccine. J Lipid Res 2014; 55:2137-55. [PMID: 25143462 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m053256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunization with homologous malondialdehyde (MDA)-modified LDL (MDA-LDL) leads to atheroprotection in experimental models supporting the concept that a vaccine to oxidation-specific epitopes (OSEs) of oxidized LDL could limit atherogenesis. However, modification of human LDL with OSE to use as an immunogen would be impractical for generalized use. Furthermore, when MDA is used to modify LDL, a wide variety of related MDA adducts are formed, both simple and more complex. To define the relevant epitopes that would reproduce the atheroprotective effects of immunization with MDA-LDL, we sought to determine the responsible immunodominant and atheroprotective adducts. We now demonstrate that fluorescent adducts of MDA involving the condensation of two or more MDA molecules with lysine to form malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde (MAA)-type adducts generate immunodominant epitopes that lead to atheroprotective responses. We further demonstrate that a T helper (Th) 2-biased hapten-specific humoral and cellular response is sufficient, and thus, MAA-modified homologous albumin is an equally effective immunogen. We further show that such Th2-biased humoral responses per se are not atheroprotective if they do not target relevant antigens. These data demonstrate the feasibility of development of a small-molecule immunogen that could stimulate MAA-specific immune responses, which could be used to develop a vaccine approach to retard or prevent atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayelet Gonen
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Lotte F Hansen
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | | | - Erica N Montano
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Xuchu Que
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Apaїs Rafia
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Meng-Yun Chou
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Philipp Wiesner
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Dimitrios Tsiantoulas
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria Center for Molecular Medicine (CeMM) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maripat Corr
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | | | - Sotirios Tsimikas
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Christoph J Binder
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria Center for Molecular Medicine (CeMM) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Joseph L Witztum
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Karsten Hartvigsen
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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