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Hong YW, Laysandra L, Chiu YC, Kang DY. Vacuum-Assisted Self-Healing Amphiphilic Copolymer Membranes for Gas Separation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 37411032 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Membrane gas separation provides a multitude of benefits over alternative separation techniques, especially in terms of energy efficiency and environmental sustainability. While polymeric membranes have been extensively investigated for gas separations, their self-healing capabilities have often been neglected. In this work, we have developed innovative self-healing amphiphilic copolymers by strategically incorporating three functional segments: n-butyl acrylate (BA), N-(hydroxymethyl)acrylamide (NMA), and methacrylic acid (MAA). Utilizing these three functional components, we have synthesized two distinct amphiphilic copolymers, namely, APNMA (PBAx-co-PNMAy) and APMAA (PBAx-co-PMAAy). These copolymers have been meticulously designed for gas separation applications. During the creation of these amphiphilic copolymers, BA and NMA segments were selected due to their vital role in the ease of tuning mechanical and self-healing properties. The functional groups (-OH and -NH) present on the NMA segment interact with CO2 through hydrogen bonding, thereby boosting CO2/N2 separation and achieving superior selectivity. We assessed the self-healing potential of these amphiphilic copolymer membranes using two distinct strategies: conventional and vacuum-assisted self-healing. In the vacuum-assisted approach, a robust vacuum pump generates a suction force, leading to the formation of a cone-like shape in the membrane. This formation allows common fracture sites to adhere and trigger the self-healing process. As a result, APNMA maintains its high gas permeability and CO2/N2 selectivity even after the vacuum-assisted self-healing operation. The ideal CO2/N2 selectivity of the APNMA membrane aligns closely with the commercially available PEBAX-1657 membrane (17.54 vs 20.09). Notably, the gas selectivity of the APNMA membrane can be readily restored after damage, in contrast to the PEBAX-1657 membrane, which loses its selectivity upon damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Wei Hong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Livy Laysandra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No. 43, Sec. 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 106335, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Chiu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No. 43, Sec. 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 106335, Taiwan
| | - Dun-Yen Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Da Conceicao M, Nemetz L, Rivero J, Hornbostel K, Lipscomb G. Gas Separation Membrane Module Modeling: A Comprehensive Review. Membranes (Basel) 2023; 13:639. [PMID: 37505005 PMCID: PMC10384872 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13070639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Membrane gas separation processes have been developed for diverse gas separation applications that include nitrogen production from air and CO2 capture from point sources. Membrane process design requires the development of stable and robust mathematical models that can accurately quantify the performance of the membrane modules used in the process. The literature related to modeling membrane gas separation modules and model use in membrane gas separation process simulators is reviewed in this paper. A membrane-module-modeling checklist is proposed to guide modeling efforts for the research and development of new gas separation membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Da Conceicao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | - Leo Nemetz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | - Joanna Rivero
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Katherine Hornbostel
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Glenn Lipscomb
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
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Bakhtin DS, Sokolov SE, Borisov IL, Volkov VV, Volkov AV, Samoilov VO. Mitigation of Physical Aging of Polymeric Membrane Materials for Gas Separation: A Review. Membranes (Basel) 2023; 13:membranes13050519. [PMID: 37233580 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13050519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The first commercial hollow fiber and flat sheet gas separation membranes were produced in the late 1970s from the glassy polymers polysulfone and poly(vinyltrimethyl silane), respectively, and the first industrial application was hydrogen recovery from ammonia purge gas in the ammonia synthesis loop. Membranes based on glassy polymers (polysulfone, cellulose acetate, polyimides, substituted polycarbonate, and poly(phenylene oxide)) are currently used in various industrial processes, such as hydrogen purification, nitrogen production, and natural gas treatment. However, the glassy polymers are in a non-equilibrium state; therefore, these polymers undergo a process of physical aging, which is accompanied by the spontaneous reduction of free volume and gas permeability over time. The high free volume glassy polymers, such as poly(1-trimethylgermyl-1-propyne), polymers of intrinsic microporosity PIMs, and fluoropolymers Teflon® AF and Hyflon® AD, undergo significant physical aging. Herein, we outline the latest progress in the field of increasing durability and mitigating the physical aging of glassy polymer membrane materials and thin-film composite membranes for gas separation. Special attention is paid to such approaches as the addition of porous nanoparticles (via mixed matrix membranes), polymer crosslinking, and a combination of crosslinking and addition of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danila S Bakhtin
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Stepan E Sokolov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ilya L Borisov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir V Volkov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey V Volkov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Biological and Environmental Science, and Engineering Division (BESE), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPM), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vadim O Samoilov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Nagy J, Do Thi HT, Toth AJ. Life Cycle, PESTLE and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis of Membrane Contactor-Based Nitrogen Recovery Process. Membranes (Basel) 2023; 13:87. [PMID: 36676894 PMCID: PMC9865621 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen is one of the most critical nutrients in the biosphere, and it is an essential nutrient for plant growth. Nitrogen exists in the atmosphere vastly as a gaseous form, but only reactive nitrogen is usable for plants. It is a valuable resource and worth recovering in the wastewater sector. The aim of this work was to prepare a comprehensive environmental analysis of a novel membrane contactor-based process, which is capable of highly efficient nitrogen removal from wastewater. Life cycle assessment (LCA), PESTLE and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) were applied to evaluate the process. The EF 3.0 method, preferred by the European Commission, IMPACT World+, ReCiPe 2016 and IPCC 2021 GWP100 methods were used with six different energy resources-electricity high voltage, solar, nuclear, heat and power and wind energy. The functional unit of 1 m3 of water product was considered as output and "gate-to-gate" analysis was examined. The results of our study show that renewable energy resources cause a significantly lower environmental load than traditional energy resources. TOPSIS score was used to evaluate the alternatives in the case of MCDA. For the EU region, the most advantageous option was found to be wind energy onshore with a score of 0.76, and the following, nuclear, was 0.70.
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Kan MY, Lyu Q, Chu YH, Hsu CC, Lu KL, Lin LC, Kang DY. Suppressing Defect Formation in Metal-Organic Framework Membranes via Plasma-Assisted Synthesis for Gas Separations. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:41904-41915. [PMID: 34448575 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c13134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are considered as promising materials for membrane gas separations. Structural defects within a pure MOF membrane can considerably reduce its selectivity and possibly result in a nonselective separation. This work proposes a solution-phase synthesis with dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma to suppress the formation of defects in the pure MOF membrane of CPO-8-BPY. Through comprehensive solid-state characterization with XRD, SEM, XPS, solid-state NMR, and XAFS, DBD plasma is demonstrated to facilitate deprotonation in the H2aip linker, which leads to a smaller and more uniform particle size of CPO-8-BPY. The narrow grain size distribution effectively reduces the pinhole-type defects in the pure CPO-8-BPY membrane and endows it with good ideal selectivity for H2/CH4 (αH2/CH4 = 28.2) and N2/CH4 (αN2/CH4 = 5.4). The selectivity for H2/CH4 of this membrane from a mixed-gas permeation test is found to be 15.4. Molecular simulations are also performed to gain insights into the gas transport properties of this MOF. The results suggest that ligand rotation plays an important role in CPO-8-BPY when being applied to the membrane separation of N2/CH4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yang Kan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Qiang Lyu
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), No. 66, West Changjiang Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Yu-Hong Chu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Che Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Lieh Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, No. 510, Zhongzheng Road, New Taipei 24205, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chiang Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Dun-Yen Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Mrazík L, Kříž P. Porous Medium Equation in Graphene Oxide Membrane: Nonlinear Dependence of Permeability on Pressure Gradient Explained. Membranes (Basel) 2021; 11:membranes11090665. [PMID: 34564482 PMCID: PMC8469019 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11090665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Membrane performance in gas separation is quantified by its selectivity, determined as a ratio of measured gas permeabilities of given gases at fixed pressure difference. In this manuscript a nonlinear dependence of gas permeability on pressure difference observed in the measurements of gas permeability of graphene oxide membrane on a manometric integral permeameter is reported. We show that after reasoned assumptions and simplifications in the mathematical description of the experiment, only static properties of any proposed governing equation can be studied, in order to analyze the permeation rate for different pressure differences. Porous Medium Equation is proposed as a suitable governing equation for the gas permeation, as it manages to predict a nonlinear behavior which is consistent with the measured data. A coefficient responsible for the nonlinearity, the polytropic exponent, is determined to be gas-specific—implications on selectivity are discussed, alongside possible hints to a deeper physical interpretation of its actual value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Mrazík
- Department of Computing and Control Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
- Correspondence:
| | - Pavel Kříž
- Department of Mathematics, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic;
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Davletbaeva IM, Dzhabbarov IM, Gumerov AM, Zaripov II, Davletbaev RS, Atlaskin AA, Sazanova TS, Vorotyntsev IV. Amphiphilic Poly(dimethylsiloxane-ethylene-propylene oxide)-polyisocyanurate Cross-Linked Block Copolymers in a Membrane Gas Separation. Membranes (Basel) 2021; 11:94. [PMID: 33572853 PMCID: PMC7912301 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11020094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic poly(dimethylsiloxane-ethylene-propylene oxide)-polyisocyanurate cross-linked block copolymers based on triblock copolymers of propylene and ethylene oxides with terminal potassium-alcoholate groups (PPEG), octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) and 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (TDI) were synthesized and investigated. In the first stage of the polymerization process, a multiblock copolymer (MBC) was previously synthesized by polyaddition of D4 to PPEG. The usage of the amphiphilic branched silica derivatives associated with oligomeric medium (ASiP) leads to the structuring of block copolymers via the transetherification reaction of the terminal silanol groups of MBC with ASiP. The molar ratio of PPEG, D4, and TDI, where the polymer chains are packed in the "core-shell" supramolecular structure with microphase separation of the polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene and polydimethylsiloxane segments as the shell, was established. Polyisocyanurates build the "core" of the described macromolecular structure. The obtained polymers were studied as membrane materials for the separation of gas mixtures CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2. It was found that obtained polymers are promising as highly selective and productive membrane materials for the separation of gas mixtures containing CO2, CH4 and N2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilsiya M. Davletbaeva
- Department of Synthetic Rubber, Kazan National Research Technological University, 68 Karl Marks str, 420015 Kazan, Russia; (I.M.D); (A.M.G.)
| | - Ilgiz M. Dzhabbarov
- Department of Synthetic Rubber, Kazan National Research Technological University, 68 Karl Marks str, 420015 Kazan, Russia; (I.M.D); (A.M.G.)
| | - Askhat M. Gumerov
- Department of Synthetic Rubber, Kazan National Research Technological University, 68 Karl Marks str, 420015 Kazan, Russia; (I.M.D); (A.M.G.)
| | - Ilnaz I. Zaripov
- SIBUR LLC, 16, bld.3, Krzhizhanovskogo str., GSP-7, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Ruslan S. Davletbaev
- Kazan National Research Technical University n.a. A.N. Tupolev—KAI, 10 Karl Marks str., 420111 Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia;
| | - Artem A. Atlaskin
- Laboratory of Membrane and Catalytic Processes, Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev, 24 Minin str., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.A.A.); (T.S.S.); (I.V.V.)
| | - Tatyana S. Sazanova
- Laboratory of Membrane and Catalytic Processes, Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev, 24 Minin str., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.A.A.); (T.S.S.); (I.V.V.)
| | - Ilya V. Vorotyntsev
- Laboratory of Membrane and Catalytic Processes, Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev, 24 Minin str., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.A.A.); (T.S.S.); (I.V.V.)
- Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya Sq. 9, 125047 Moscow, Russia
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Karpov GO, Borisov IL, Volkov AV, Finkelshtein ES, Bermeshev MV. Synthesis and Gas Transport Properties of Addition Polynorbornene with Perfluorophenyl Side Groups. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12061282. [PMID: 32503334 PMCID: PMC7361953 DOI: 10.3390/polym12061282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Polynorbornenes represent a fruitful class of polymers for structure–property study. Recently, vinyl-addition polynorbornenes bearing side groups of different natures were observed to exhibit excellent gas permeation ability, along with attractive C4H10/CH4 and CO2/N2 separation selectivities. However, to date, the gas transport properties of fluorinated addition polynorbornenes have not been reported. Herein, we synthesized addition polynorbornene with fluoroorganic substituents and executed a study on the gas transport properties of the polymer for the first time. A norbornene-type monomer with a C6F5 group, 3-pentafluorophenyl-exo-tricyclononene-7, was successfully involved in addition polymerization, resulting in soluble, high-molecular-weight products obtained in good or high yields. By varying the monomer concentration and monomer/catalyst ratio, it was possible to reach Mw values of (2.93–4.35) × 105. The molecular structure was confirmed by NMR and FTIR analysis. The contact angle with distilled water revealed the hydrophobic nature of the synthesized polymer as expected due to the presence of fluoroorganic side groups. A study of the permeability of various gases (He, H2, O2, N2, CO2, and CH4) through the prepared polymer disclosed a synergetic effect, which was achieved by the presence of both bulky perfluorinated side groups and rigid saturated main chains. Addition poly(3-pentafluorophenyl-exo-tricyclononene-7) was more permeable than its metathesis analogue by a factor of 7–21, or the similar polymer with flexible main chains, poly(pentafluorostyrene), in relation to the gases tested. Therefore, this investigation opens the door to fluorinated addition polynorbornenes as new potential polymeric materials for membrane gas separation.
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Selyanchyn R, Fujikawa S. Membrane thinning for efficient CO 2 capture. Sci Technol Adv Mater 2017; 18:816-827. [PMID: 29152016 PMCID: PMC5678452 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2017.1386531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing the fluxes in gas separation membranes is required for utilizing the membranes on a mass scale for CO2 capture. Membrane thinning is one of the most promising approaches to achieve high fluxes. In addition, sophisticated molecular transport across membranes can boost gas separation performance. In this review, we attempt to summarize the current state of CO2 separation membranes, especially from the viewpoint of thinning the selective layers and the membrane itself. The gas permeation behavior of membranes with ultimate thicknesses and their future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Selyanchyn
- WPI International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shigenori Fujikawa
- WPI International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Molecular Systems (CMS), Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Zhang C, Koros WJ. Tailoring the Transport Properties of Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks by Post-Synthetic Thermal Modification. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015; 7:23407-23411. [PMID: 26451850 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b07769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how to control transport properties of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) is critical to extend ZIF-based membranes and adsorbents to a wide spectrum of gas and vapor separations. In this work, we report a facile post-synthetic thermal modification (PSTM) technique to tailor ZIFs' transport properties by balancing diffusivity and diffusion selectivity. With controllable dissociation of framework methyl groups from a precursor ZIF (ZIF-8), we have prepared thermally modified ZIFs showing substantially increased n-butane diffusivity and attractive n/iso-butane diffusion selectivity. Hybrid ZIF/polymer mixed-matrix membranes formed using these thermally modified ZIFs are expected to deliver attractive butane isomer separation performance. Membranes based on such materials can potentially be used to retrofit refinery alkylation units for producing premium gasoline blending stocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , 311 Ferst Dr. NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
| | - William J Koros
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , 311 Ferst Dr. NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
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