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Bril’kov MS, Stenbakk V, Jakubec M, Vasskog T, Kristoffersen T, Cavanagh JP, Ericson JU, Isaksson J, Flaten GE. Bacterial extracellular vesicles: towards realistic models for bacterial membranes in molecular interaction studies by surface plasmon resonance. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1277963. [PMID: 38152113 PMCID: PMC10751319 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1277963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
One way to mitigate the ongoing antimicrobial resistance crisis is to discover and develop new classes of antibiotics. As all antibiotics at some point need to either cross or just interact with the bacterial membrane, there is a need for representative models of bacterial membranes and efficient methods to characterize the interactions with novel molecules -both to generate new knowledge and to screen compound libraries. Since the bacterial cell envelope is a complex assembly of lipids, lipopolysaccharides, membrane proteins and other components, constructing relevant synthetic liposome-based models of the membrane is both difficult and expensive. We here propose to let the bacteria do the hard work for us. Bacterial extracellular vesicles (bEVs) are naturally secreted by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, playing a role in communication between bacteria, as virulence factors, molecular transport or being a part of the antimicrobial resistance mechanism. bEVs consist of the bacterial outer membrane and thus inherit many components and properties of the native outer cell envelope. In this work, we have isolated and characterized bEVs from one Escherichia coli mutant and three clinical strains of the ESKAPE pathogens Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The bEVs were shown to be representative models for the bacterial membrane in terms of lipid composition with speciesstrain specific variations. The bEVs were further used to probe the interactions between bEV and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as model compounds by Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) and provide proof-of-principle that bEVs can be used as an easily accessible and highly realistic model for the bacterial surface in interaction studies. This further enables direct monitoring of the effect induced by antibiotics, or the response to host-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim S. Bril’kov
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Victoria Stenbakk
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Martin Jakubec
- Chemical Synthesis and Analysis Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Terje Vasskog
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Tone Kristoffersen
- Chemical Synthesis and Analysis Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jorunn Pauline Cavanagh
- Pediatric Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Johanna U. Ericson
- Research Group for Host Microbe Interactions, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Johan Isaksson
- Chemical Synthesis and Analysis Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Gøril Eide Flaten
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Milogrodzka I, Nguyen Pham DT, Sama GR, Samadian H, Zhai J, de Campo L, Kirby NM, Scott TF, Banaszak Holl MM, van 't Hag L. Effect of Cholesterol on Biomimetic Membrane Curvature and Coronavirus Fusion Peptide Encapsulation. ACS Nano 2023; 17:8598-8612. [PMID: 37078604 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Biomimetic cubic phases can be used for protein encapsulation in a variety of applications such as biosensors and drug delivery. Cubic phases with a high concentration of cholesterol and phospholipids were obtained herein. It is shown that the cubic phase structure can be maintained with a higher concentration of biomimetic membrane additives than has been reported previously. Opposing effects on the curvature of the membrane were observed upon the addition of phospholipids and cholesterol. Furthermore, the coronavirus fusion peptide significantly increased the negative curvature of the biomimetic membrane with cholesterol. We show that the viral fusion peptide can undergo structural changes leading to the formation of hydrophobic α-helices that insert into the lipid bilayer. This is of high importance, as a fusion peptide that induces increased negative curvature as shown by the formation of inverse hexagonal phases allows for greater contact area between two membranes, which is required for viral fusion to occur. The cytotoxicity assay showed that the toxicity toward HeLa cells was dramatically decreased when the cholesterol or peptide level in the nanoparticles increased. This suggests that the addition of cholesterol can improve the biocompatibility of the cubic phase nanoparticles, making them safer for use in biomedical applications. As the results, this work improves the potential for the biomedical end-use applications of the nonlamellar lipid nanoparticles and shows the need of systematic formulation studies due to the complex interplay of all components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Milogrodzka
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Duy Tue Nguyen Pham
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Gopal R Sama
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Hajar Samadian
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Jiali Zhai
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Liliana de Campo
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Kirrawee, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - Nigel M Kirby
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Timothy F Scott
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Mark M Banaszak Holl
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Leonie van 't Hag
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
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3
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Bacha K, Chemotti C, Monboisse JC, Robert A, Furlan AL, Smeralda W, Damblon C, Estager J, Brassart-Pasco S, Mbakidi JP, Pršić J, Bouquillon S, Deleu M. Encapsulation of Vitamin C by Glycerol-Derived Dendrimers, Their Interaction with Biomimetic Models of Stratum corneum and Their Cytotoxicity. Molecules 2022; 27. [PMID: 36432124 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27228022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin C is one of the most sensitive cosmetic active ingredients. To avoid its degradation, its encapsulation into biobased carriers such as dendrimers is one alternative of interest. In this work, we wanted to evaluate the potential of two biobased glycerodendrimer families (GlyceroDendrimers-Poly(AmidoAmine) (GD-PAMAMs) or GlyceroDendrimers-Poly(Propylene Imine) (GD-PPIs)) as a vitamin C carrier for topical application. The higher encapsulation capacity of GD-PAMAM-3 compared to commercial PAMAM-3 and different GD-PPIs, and its absence of cytotoxicity towards dermal cells, make it a good candidate. Investigation of its mechanism of action was done by using two kinds of biomimetic models of stratum corneum (SC), lipid monolayers and liposomes. GD-PAMAM-3 and VitC@GD-PAMAM-3 (GD-PAMAM-3 with encapsulated vitamin C) can both interact with the lipid representatives of the SC lipid matrix, whichever pH is considered. However, only pH 5.0 is suggested to be favorable to release vitamin C into the SC matrix. Their binding to SC-biomimetic liposomes revealed only a slight effect on membrane permeability in accordance with the absence of cytotoxicity but an increase in membrane rigidity, suggesting a reinforcement of the SC barrier property. Globally, our results suggest that the dendrimer GD-PAMAM-3 could be an efficient carrier for cosmetic applications.
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4
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Gilliard G, Furlan AL, Smeralda W, Pršić J, Deleu M. Added Value of Biophysics to Study Lipid-Driven Biological Processes: The Case of Surfactins, a Class of Natural Amphiphile Molecules. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23. [PMID: 36430318 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of membrane lipids is increasingly claimed to explain biological activities of natural amphiphile molecules. To decipher this role, biophysical studies with biomimetic membrane models are often helpful to obtain insights at the molecular and atomic levels. In this review, the added value of biophysics to study lipid-driven biological processes is illustrated using the case of surfactins, a class of natural lipopeptides produced by Bacillus sp. showing a broad range of biological activities. The mechanism of interaction of surfactins with biomimetic models showed to be dependent on the surfactins-to-lipid ratio with action as membrane disturber without membrane lysis at low and intermediate ratios and a membrane permeabilizing effect at higher ratios. These two mechanisms are relevant to explain surfactins' biological activities occurring without membrane lysis, such as their antiviral and plant immunity-eliciting activities, and the one involving cell lysis, such as their antibacterial and hemolytic activities. In both biological and biophysical studies, influence of surfactin structure and membrane lipids on the mechanisms was observed with a similar trend. Hence, biomimetic models represent interesting tools to elucidate the biological mechanisms targeting membrane lipids and can contribute to the development of new molecules for pharmaceutical or agronomic applications.
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Kariuki R, Penman R, Bryant SJ, Orrell-Trigg R, Meftahi N, Crawford RJ, McConville CF, Bryant G, Voïtchovsky K, Conn CE, Christofferson AJ, Elbourne A. Behavior of Citrate-Capped Ultrasmall Gold Nanoparticles on a Supported Lipid Bilayer Interface at Atomic Resolution. ACS Nano 2022; 16:17179-17196. [PMID: 36121776 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials have the potential to transform biological and biomedical research, with applications ranging from drug delivery and diagnostics to targeted interference of specific biological processes. Most existing research is aimed at developing nanomaterials for specific tasks such as enhanced biocellular internalization. However, fundamental aspects of the interactions between nanomaterials and biological systems, in particular, membranes, remain poorly understood. In this study, we provide detailed insights into the molecular mechanisms governing the interaction and evolution of one of the most common synthetic nanomaterials in contact with model phospholipid membranes. Using a combination of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we elucidate the precise mechanisms by which citrate-capped 5 nm gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) interact with supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) of pure fluid (DOPC) and pure gel-phase (DPPC) phospholipids. On fluid-phase DOPC membranes, the AuNPs adsorb and are progressively internalized as the citrate capping of the NPs is displaced by the surrounding lipids. AuNPs also interact with gel-phase DPPC membranes where they partially embed into the outer leaflet, locally disturbing the lipid organization. In both systems, the AuNPs cause holistic perturbations throughout the bilayers. AFM shows that the lateral diffusion of the particles is several orders of magnitude smaller than that of the lipid molecules, which creates some temporary scarring of the membrane surface. Our results reveal how functionalized AuNPs interact with differing biological membranes with mechanisms that could also have implications for cooperative membrane effects with other molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashad Kariuki
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Rowan Penman
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Saffron J Bryant
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Rebecca Orrell-Trigg
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Nastaran Meftahi
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Russell J Crawford
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Chris F McConville
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
- Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Gary Bryant
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Kislon Voïtchovsky
- University of Durham, Physics Department, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte E Conn
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Andrew J Christofferson
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Aaron Elbourne
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
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6
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Mitchell W, Tamucci JD, Ng EL, Liu S, Birk AV, Szeto HH, May ER, Alexandrescu AT, Alder NN. Structure-activity relationships of mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide pharmacological compounds. eLife 2022; 11:75531. [PMID: 35913044 PMCID: PMC9342957 DOI: 10.7554/elife.75531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a central role in metabolic homeostasis, and dysfunction of this organelle underpins the etiology of many heritable and aging-related diseases. Tetrapeptides with alternating cationic and aromatic residues such as SS-31 (elamipretide) show promise as therapeutic compounds for mitochondrial disorders. In this study, we conducted a quantitative structure-activity analysis of three alternative tetrapeptide analogs, benchmarked against SS-31, that differ with respect to aromatic side chain composition and sequence register. We present the first structural models for this class of compounds, obtained with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and molecular dynamics approaches, showing that all analogs except for SS-31 form compact reverse turn conformations in the membrane-bound state. All peptide analogs bound cardiolipin-containing membranes, yet they had significant differences in equilibrium binding behavior and membrane interactions. Notably, analogs had markedly different effects on membrane surface charge, supporting a mechanism in which modulation of membrane electrostatics is a key feature of their mechanism of action. The peptides had no strict requirement for side chain composition or sequence register to permeate cells and target mitochondria in mammalian cell culture assays. All four peptides were pharmacologically active in serum withdrawal cell stress models yet showed significant differences in their abilities to restore mitochondrial membrane potential, preserve ATP content, and promote cell survival. Within our peptide set, the analog containing tryptophan side chains, SPN10, had the strongest impact on most membrane properties and showed greatest efficacy in cell culture studies. Taken together, these results show that side chain composition and register influence the activity of these mitochondria-targeted peptides, helping provide a framework for the rational design of next-generation therapeutics with enhanced potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne Mitchell
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Jeffrey D Tamucci
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Emery L Ng
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Shaoyi Liu
- Social Profit Network, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Alexander V Birk
- Department of Biology, York College of CUNY, New York, NY, United States
| | - Hazel H Szeto
- Social Profit Network, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Eric R May
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Andrei T Alexandrescu
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Nathan N Alder
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
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7
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Sanchez AD, Peterson SM, Reichelt M, Amador CM, Martinez-Martin N, Cao S. Receptor Interactome Discovery with RDIMIS, a Membrane Protein Interaction Screen Using Recombinant Extracellular Vesicles. Curr Protoc 2022; 2:e483. [PMID: 35822836 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Membrane protein interactions are challenging to identify because of the unique biophysical characteristics of both transmembrane proteins and membrane environments. The Receptor Display in Membranes Interaction Screen (RDIMIS) platform overcomes these challenges by screening transmembrane and membrane-proximal proteins in a membrane environment using recombinant extracellular vesicles (rEVs). The screen has been used to successfully identify interactions for difficult-to-study receptors in an unbiased manner. In this report, we detail how we generate rEVs, characterize the rEVs to ensure screen-readiness, and perform the full interaction screening, with emphasis on the criteria necessary to obtain clear, interpretable results. We also include support protocols for generating a screening library and validating screening results, as well as an alternate protocol for RDIMIS enabling the profiling of naturally occurring extracellular vesicles. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Generating and isolating extracellular vesicles from cells Basic Protocol 2: Characterizing recombinant extracellular vesicles Support Protocol 1: Preparing the receptor screening library Basic Protocol 3: Performing the Receptor Display in Membranes Interaction Screen (RDIMIS) Support Protocol 2: Validating RDIMIS results using microscopy Alternate Protocol: Detecting unlabeled endogenous vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana D Sanchez
- Microchemistry, Proteomics and Lipidomics, Genentech, South San Francisco, California
| | - Sean M Peterson
- Microchemistry, Proteomics and Lipidomics, Genentech, South San Francisco, California
- Current address: Cell Biology, Twist Bioscience, South San Francisco, California
| | - Mike Reichelt
- Current address: Pathology Labs, Genentech, South San Francisco, California
| | - Christian M Amador
- Microchemistry, Proteomics and Lipidomics, Genentech, South San Francisco, California
- Current address: Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Nadia Martinez-Martin
- Microchemistry, Proteomics and Lipidomics, Genentech, South San Francisco, California
- Current address: Infectious Disease, Regeneron, Tarrytown, New York
| | - Shengya Cao
- Microchemistry, Proteomics and Lipidomics, Genentech, South San Francisco, California
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Bapolisi AM, Kielb P, Bekir M, Lehnen AC, Radon C, Laroque S, Wendler P, Müller-Werkmeister HM, Hartlieb M. Antimicrobial Polymers of Linear and Bottlebrush Architecture: Probing the Membrane Interaction and Physicochemical Properties. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200288. [PMID: 35686622 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric antimicrobial peptide mimics are a promising alternative for the future management of the daunting problems associated with antimicrobial resistance. However, the development of successful antimicrobial polymers (APs) requires careful control of factors such as amphiphilic balance, molecular weight, dispersity, sequence, and architecture. While most of the earlier developed APs focus on random linear copolymers, the development of APs with advanced architectures proves to be more potent. It is recently developed multivalent bottlebrush APs with improved antibacterial and hemocompatibility profiles, outperforming their linear counterparts. Understanding the rationale behind the outstanding biological activity of these newly developed antimicrobials is vital to further improving their performance. This work investigates the physicochemical properties governing the differences in activity between linear and bottlebrush architectures using various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. Linear copolymers are more solvated, thermo-responsive, and possess facial amphiphilicity resulting in random aggregations when interacting with liposomes mimicking Escheria coli membranes. The bottlebrush copolymers adopt a more stable secondary conformation in aqueous solution in comparison to linear copolymers, conferring rapid and more specific binding mechanism to membranes. The advantageous physicochemical properties of the bottlebrush topology seem to be a determinant factor in the activity of these promising APs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrycja Kielb
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Wegelerstrasse 12, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marek Bekir
- Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Anne-Catherine Lehnen
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research (IAP), Geiselbergstraße 69, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Christin Radon
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht Strasse 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Sophie Laroque
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Petra Wendler
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht Strasse 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Hartlieb
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research (IAP), Geiselbergstraße 69, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
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9
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Mohamed Z, Shin JH, Ghosh S, Sharma AK, Pinnock F, Bint E Naser Farnush S, Dörr T, Daniel S. Clinically Relevant Bacterial Outer Membrane Models for Antibiotic Screening Applications. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:2707-2722. [PMID: 34227387 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a growing global health concern that has been increasing in prevalence over the past few decades. In Gram-negative bacteria, the outer membrane is an additional barrier through which antibiotics must traverse to kill the bacterium. In addition, outer membrane features and properties, like membrane surface charge, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) length, and membrane porins, can be altered in response to antibiotics and therefore, further mediate resistance. Model membranes have been used to mimic bacterial membranes to study antibiotic-induced membrane changes but often lack the compositional complexity of the actual outer membrane. Here, we developed a surface-supported membrane platform using outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from clinically relevant Gram-negative bacteria and use it to characterize membrane biophysical properties and investigate its interaction with antibacterial compounds. We demonstrate that this platform maintains critical features of outer membranes, like fluidity, while retaining complex membrane components, like OMPs and LPS, which are central to membrane-mediated antibiotic resistance. This platform offers a non-pathogenic, cell-free surface to study such phenomena that is compatible with advanced microscopy and surface characterization tools like quartz crystal microbalance. We confirm these OMV bilayers recapitulate membrane interactions (or lack thereof) with the antibiotic compounds polymyxin B, bacitracin, and vancomycin, validating their use as representative models for the bacterial surface. By forming OMV bilayers from different strains, we envision that this platform could be used to investigate underlying biophysical differences in outer membranes leading to resistance, to screen and identify membrane-active antibiotics, or for the development of phage technologies targeting a particular membrane surface component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Mohamed
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York United States
| | - Jung-Ho Shin
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology and Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York United States
| | - Surajit Ghosh
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York United States
| | - Abhishek K. Sharma
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York United States
| | - Ferra Pinnock
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York United States
| | - Samavi Bint E Naser Farnush
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York United States
| | - Tobias Dörr
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology and Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York United States
| | - Susan Daniel
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York United States
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York United States
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10
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Thorsen MK, Lai A, Lee MW, Hoogerheide DP, Wong GCL, Freed JH, Heldwein EE. Highly Basic Clusters in the Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Nuclear Egress Complex Drive Membrane Budding by Inducing Lipid Ordering. mBio 2021; 12:e0154821. [PMID: 34425706 PMCID: PMC8406295 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01548-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
During replication of herpesviruses, capsids escape from the nucleus into the cytoplasm by budding at the inner nuclear membrane. This unusual process is mediated by the viral nuclear egress complex (NEC) that deforms the membrane around the capsid by oligomerizing into a hexagonal, membrane-bound scaffold. Here, we found that highly basic membrane-proximal regions (MPRs) of the NEC alter lipid order by inserting into the lipid headgroups and promote negative Gaussian curvature. We also find that the electrostatic interactions between the MPRs and the membranes are essential for membrane deformation. One of the MPRs is phosphorylated by a viral kinase during infection, and the corresponding phosphomimicking mutations block capsid nuclear egress. We show that the same phosphomimicking mutations disrupt the NEC-membrane interactions and inhibit NEC-mediated budding in vitro, providing a biophysical explanation for the in vivo phenomenon. Our data suggest that the NEC generates negative membrane curvature by both lipid ordering and protein scaffolding and that phosphorylation acts as an off switch that inhibits the membrane-budding activity of the NEC to prevent capsid-less budding. IMPORTANCE Herpesviruses are large viruses that infect nearly all vertebrates and some invertebrates and cause lifelong infections in most of the world's population. During replication, herpesviruses export their capsids from the nucleus into the cytoplasm by an unusual mechanism in which the viral nuclear egress complex (NEC) deforms the nuclear membrane around the capsid. However, how membrane deformation is achieved is unclear. Here, we show that the NEC from herpes simplex virus 1, a prototypical herpesvirus, uses clusters of positive charges to bind membranes and order membrane lipids. Reducing the positive charge or introducing negative charges weakens the membrane deforming ability of the NEC. We propose that the virus employs electrostatics to deform nuclear membrane around the capsid and can control this process by changing the NEC charge through phosphorylation. Blocking NEC-membrane interactions could be exploited as a therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael K. Thorsen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Graduate Program in Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alex Lai
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and National Biomedical Center for Advanced Electron Spin Resonance Technology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Michelle W. Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - David P. Hoogerheide
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Gerard C. L. Wong
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jack H. Freed
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and National Biomedical Center for Advanced Electron Spin Resonance Technology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Ekaterina E. Heldwein
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Graduate Program in Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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11
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Elsadek LA, Matthews JH, Nishimura S, Nakatani T, Ito A, Gu T, Luo D, Salvador-Reyes LA, Paul VJ, Kakeya H, Luesch H. Genomic and Targeted Approaches Unveil the Cell Membrane as a Major Target of the Antifungal Cytotoxin Amantelide A. Chembiochem 2021; 22:1790-1799. [PMID: 33527693 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Amantelide A, a polyhydroxylated macrolide isolated from a marine cyanobacterium, displays broad-spectrum activity against mammalian cells, bacterial pathogens, and marine fungi. We conducted comprehensive mechanistic studies to identify the molecular targets and pathways affected by amantelide A. Our investigations relied on chemical structure similarities with compounds of known mechanisms, yeast knockout mutants, yeast chemogenomic profiling, and direct biochemical and biophysical methods. We established that amantelide A exerts its antifungal action by binding to ergosterol-containing membranes followed by pore formation and cell death, a mechanism partially shared with polyene antifungals. Binding assays demonstrated that amantelide A also binds to membranes containing epicholesterol or mammalian cholesterol, thus suggesting that the cytotoxicity to mammalian cells might be due to its affinity to cholesterol-containing membranes. However, membrane interactions were not completely dependent on sterols. Yeast chemogenomic profiling suggested additional direct or indirect effects on actin. Accordingly, we performed actin polymerization assays, which suggested that amantelide A also promotes actin polymerization in cell-free systems. However, the C-33 acetoxy derivative amantelide B showed a similar effect on actin dynamics in vitro but no significant activity against yeast. Overall, these studies suggest that the membrane effects are the most functionally relevant for amantelide A mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lobna A Elsadek
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.,Center for Natural Products,Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - James H Matthews
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.,Center for Natural Products,Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Shinichi Nishimura
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular Sciences, Division of Bioinformatics and Chemical Genomics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.,Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.,Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nakatani
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular Sciences, Division of Bioinformatics and Chemical Genomics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Airi Ito
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular Sciences, Division of Bioinformatics and Chemical Genomics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Tongjun Gu
- Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, 2033 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Danmeng Luo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.,Center for Natural Products,Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Lilibeth A Salvador-Reyes
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.,Marine Science Institute, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, 1100, Philippines
| | - Valerie J Paul
- Smithsonian Marine Station, 701 Seaway Drive, Ft., Pierce, FL 34949, USA
| | - Hideaki Kakeya
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular Sciences, Division of Bioinformatics and Chemical Genomics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hendrik Luesch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.,Center for Natural Products,Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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12
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Abstract
Picornaviruses are comprised of a positive-sense RNA genome surrounded by a protein shell (or capsid). They are ubiquitous in vertebrates and cause a wide range of important human and animal diseases. The genome encodes a single large polyprotein that is processed to structural (capsid) and non-structural proteins. The non-structural proteins have key functions within the viral replication complex. Some, such as 3Dpol (the RNA dependent RNA polymerase) have conserved functions and participate directly in replicating the viral genome, whereas others, such as 3A, have accessory roles. The 3A proteins are highly divergent across the Picornaviridae and have specific roles both within and outside of the replication complex, which differ between the different genera. These roles include subverting host proteins to generate replication organelles and inhibition of cellular functions (such as protein secretion) to influence virus replication efficiency and the host response to infection. In addition, 3A proteins are associated with the determination of host range. However, recent observations have challenged some of the roles assigned to 3A and suggest that other viral proteins may carry them out. In this review, we revisit the roles of 3A in the picornavirus life cycle. The 3AB precursor and mature 3A have distinct functions during viral replication and, therefore, we have also included discussion of some of the roles assigned to 3AB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry Jackson
- The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK;
| | - Graham J. Belsham
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Correspondence:
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13
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Schnaider L, Shimonov L, Kreiser T, Zaguri D, Bychenko D, Brickner I, Kolusheva S, Lichtenstein A, Kost J, Gazit E. Ultrashort Cell-Penetrating Peptides for Enhanced Sonophoresis-Mediated Transdermal Transport. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2020; 3:8395-8401. [PMID: 35019611 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The skin is a key site for drug administration because of its large surface area and noninvasive accessibility. However, the dermal architecture serves as an excellent barrier, protecting from external mechanical, chemical, microbial, and physical perturbations. Most drugs display poor permeability through this barrier, thus making dermal and subdermal delivery challenging. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), a diverse group of relatively short cationic and amphipathic membrane-interacting peptides, are fast becoming an important class of drug carriers and could potentially be developed for the dermal delivery of active molecules. However, the mechanism of CPP transdermal delivery is not fully understood, and there is a genuine need for a minimal model to understand this important phenomenon. Here, we demonstrate the potent membrane interactions of a minimal four-amino-acid-long CPP as well as the significance of guanidinium patterning and cationic nature of this palindromic peptide on its bioactivity. Furthermore, we demonstrate the biocompatibility of this peptide as well as its rapid cellular uptake and endosomal distribution. Finally, by utilizing a porcine full-thickness skin model, we demonstrate the substantial independent dermal and sonophoresis-based transdermal penetration of this minimal model. These results provide a minimal model for CPPs which can be easily manipulated for further biophysical and biochemical evaluations as well as a potent functional CPP with excellent skin permeability, which can be utilized for a wide variety of cosmetic and medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Schnaider
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Leah Shimonov
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Topaz Kreiser
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Dor Zaguri
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Darya Bychenko
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Itzchak Brickner
- Department of Zoology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Sofiya Kolusheva
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanotechnology, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Alexandra Lichtenstein
- Sackler Cellular and Molecular Imaging Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Joseph Kost
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Ehud Gazit
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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14
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Fisher IJ, Jenkins ML, Tall GG, Burke JE, Smrcka AV. Activation of Phospholipase C β by Gβγ and Gα q Involves C-Terminal Rearrangement to Release Autoinhibition. Structure 2020; 28:810-819.e5. [PMID: 32402248 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2020.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipase C (PLC) enzymes hydrolyze phosphoinositide lipids to inositol phosphates and diacylglycerol. Direct activation of PLCβ by Gαq and/or Gβγ subunits mediates signaling by Gq and some Gi coupled G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), respectively. PLCβ isoforms contain a unique C-terminal extension, consisting of proximal and distal C-terminal domains (CTDs) separated by a flexible linker. The structure of PLCβ3 bound to Gαq is known, however, for both Gαq and Gβγ; the mechanism for PLCβ activation on membranes is unknown. We examined PLCβ2 dynamics on membranes using hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS). Gβγ caused a robust increase in dynamics of the distal C-terminal domain (CTD). Gαq showed decreased deuterium incorporation at the Gαq binding site on PLCβ. In vitro Gβγ-dependent activation of PLC is inhibited by the distal CTD. The results suggest that disruption of autoinhibitory interactions with the CTD leads to increased PLCβ hydrolase activity.
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15
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Schnaider L, Rosenberg A, Kreiser T, Kolusheva S, Gazit E, Berman J. Peptide Self-Assembly Is Linked to Antibacterial, but Not Antifungal, Activity of Histatin 5 Derivatives. mSphere 2020; 5:e00021-20. [PMID: 32238567 DOI: 10.1128/mSphere.00021-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides are important modulators of host defense against bacterial, fungal, and viral pathogens in humans and other multicellular organisms. Two converging paradigms point to a link between antimicrobial peptides that self-assemble into amyloid-like nanoassemblies and classical amyloidogenic peptides that often have potent broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, suggesting that antimicrobial and amyloidogenic peptides may represent two sides of the same coin. Here, we asked if the ability of an antifungal peptide to self-assemble affects its antifungal or antibacterial activity. We found that modifications of classical antifungal peptide derivative allowed it to self-assemble and did not alter its antifungal activity, and yet self-assembly substantially increased the antibacterial activity of the peptide. These results support the idea that peptide self-assembly can enhance antibacterial activities and emphasize a distinction between the action of antifungal peptides and that of antibacterial peptides. Accordingly, we suggest that the possible generality of this distinction should be widely tested. The rise of multidrug-resistant pathogens has awakened interest in new drug candidates such as antimicrobial peptides and their derivatives. Recent work suggests that some antimicrobial peptides have the ability to self-assemble into ordered amyloid-like nanostructures which facilitate their antibacterial activity. Here, we evaluate a histatin-based antimicrobial peptide, and its self-assembling derivative, in the interplay between self-assembly, membrane interactions, and antibacterial and antifungal activities. We demonstrate substantial membrane targeting by both peptides, as well as mechanistic insights into this mode of action, which correlates to their antifungal activity and is not affected by their self-assembling state. The ability to self-assemble does, however, significantly affect peptide antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. These results are surprising and hint at important distinctions between antifungal and antibacterial peptide activities in prokaryotes and eukaryotic microbes. IMPORTANCE Antimicrobial peptides are important modulators of host defense against bacterial, fungal, and viral pathogens in humans and other multicellular organisms. Two converging paradigms point to a link between antimicrobial peptides that self-assemble into amyloid-like nanoassemblies and classical amyloidogenic peptides that often have potent broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, suggesting that antimicrobial and amyloidogenic peptides may represent two sides of the same coin. Here, we asked if the ability of an antifungal peptide to self-assemble affects its antifungal or antibacterial activity. We found that modifications of classical antifungal peptide derivative allowed it to self-assemble and did not alter its antifungal activity, and yet self-assembly substantially increased the antibacterial activity of the peptide. These results support the idea that peptide self-assembly can enhance antibacterial activities and emphasize a distinction between the action of antifungal peptides and that of antibacterial peptides. Accordingly, we suggest that the possible generality of this distinction should be widely tested.
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16
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Tapial Martínez P, López Navajas P, Lietha D. FAK Structure and Regulation by Membrane Interactions and Force in Focal Adhesions. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E179. [PMID: 31991559 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase with key roles in the regulation of cell adhesion migration, proliferation and survival. In cancer FAK is a major driver of invasion and metastasis and its upregulation is associated with poor patient prognosis. FAK is autoinhibited in the cytosol, but activated upon localisation into a protein complex, known as focal adhesion complex. This complex forms upon cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM) at the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane at sites of ECM attachment. FAK is anchored to the complex via multiple sites, including direct interactions with specific membrane lipids and connector proteins that attach focal adhesions to the actin cytoskeleton. In migrating cells, the contraction of actomyosin stress fibres attached to the focal adhesion complex apply a force to the complex, which is likely transmitted to the FAK protein, causing stretching of the FAK molecule. In this review we discuss the current knowledge of the FAK structure and how specific structural features are involved in the regulation of FAK signalling. We focus on two major regulatory mechanisms known to contribute to FAK activation, namely interactions with membrane lipids and stretching forces applied to FAK, and discuss how they might induce structural changes that facilitate FAK activation.
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17
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Deboever E, Deleu M, Mongrand S, Lins L, Fauconnier ML. Plant-Pathogen Interactions: Underestimated Roles of Phyto-oxylipins. Trends Plant Sci 2020; 25:22-34. [PMID: 31668451 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2019.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Plant (or phyto-) oxylipins (POs) are produced under a wide range of stress conditions and although they are well known to activate stress-related signalling pathways, the nonsignalling roles of POs are poorly understood. We describe oxylipins as direct biocidal agents and propose that structure-function relationships play here a pivotal role. Based on their chemical configuration, POs, such as reactive oxygen and electrophile species, activate defence-related gene expression. We also propose that their ability to interact with pathogen membranes is important, but still misunderstood, and that they are involved in cross-kingdom communication. Taken as a whole, the current literature suggests that POs have a high potential as biocontrol agents. However, the mechanisms underlying these multifaceted compounds remain largely unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle Deboever
- Molecular Biophysics at Interface Laboratory (LBMI), Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 2, Passage des Déportés, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium; Laboratory of Natural Molecules Chemistry (LCMN), Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 2, Passage des Déportés, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Magali Deleu
- Molecular Biophysics at Interface Laboratory (LBMI), Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 2, Passage des Déportés, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Mongrand
- Laboratory of Membrane Biogenesis (LBM), Research Mix Unity (UMR) 5200, National Scientific Research Center (CNRS), University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Laurence Lins
- Molecular Biophysics at Interface Laboratory (LBMI), Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 2, Passage des Déportés, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Marie-Laure Fauconnier
- Laboratory of Natural Molecules Chemistry (LCMN), Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 2, Passage des Déportés, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
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18
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Buck AK, Elmore DE, Darling LEO. Using fluorescence microscopy to shed light on the mechanisms of antimicrobial peptides. Future Med Chem 2019; 11:2445-2458. [PMID: 31517514 PMCID: PMC6787493 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2019-0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising in the fight against increasing bacterial resistance, but the development of AMPs with enhanced activity requires a thorough understanding of their mechanisms of action. Fluorescence microscopy is one of the most flexible and effective tools to characterize AMPs, particularly in its ability to measure the membrane interactions and cellular localization of peptides. Recent advances have increased the scope of research questions that can be addressed via microscopy through improving spatial and temporal resolution. Unique combinations of fluorescent labels and dyes can simultaneously consider different aspects of peptide-membrane interaction mechanisms. This review emphasizes the central role that fluorescence microscopy will continue to play in the interrogation of AMP structure-function relationships and the engineering of more potent peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne K Buck
- Biochemistry Program, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA
| | - Donald E Elmore
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry Program, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA
| | - Louise EO Darling
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biochemistry Program, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA
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19
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Kumar S, Thakur J, Yadav K, Mitra M, Pal S, Ray A, Gupta S, Medatwal N, Gupta R, Mishra D, Rani P, Padhi S, Sharma P, Kapil A, Srivastava A, Priyakumar UD, Dasgupta U, Thukral L, Bajaj A. Cholic Acid-Derived Amphiphile which Combats Gram-Positive Bacteria-Mediated Infections via Disintegration of Lipid Clusters. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:4764-4775. [PMID: 33448819 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Inappropriate and uncontrolled use of antibiotics results in the emergence of antibiotic resistance, thereby threatening the present clinical regimens to treat infectious diseases. Therefore, new antimicrobial agents that can prevent bacteria from developing drug resistance are urgently needed. Selective disruption of bacterial membranes is the most effective strategy for combating microbial infections as accumulation of genetic mutations will not allow for the emergence of drug resistance against these antimicrobials. In this work, we tested cholic acid (CA) derived amphiphiles tethered with different alkyl chains for their ability to combat Gram-positive bacterial infections. In-depth biophysical and biomolecular simulation studies suggested that the amphiphile with a hexyl chain (6) executes more effective interactions with Gram-positive bacterial membranes as compared to other hydrophobic counterparts. Amphiphile 6 is effective against multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacterial strains as well and does not allow the adherence of S. aureus on amphiphile 6 coated catheters implanted in mice. Further, treatment of wound infections with amphiphile 6 clears the bacterial infections. Therefore, the current study presents strategic guidelines in design and development of CA-derived membrane-targeting antimicrobials for Gram-positive bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumar
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad-121001, Haryana, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Tiger Circle Road, Madhav Nagar, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Jyoti Thakur
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal-462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Kavita Yadav
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad-121001, Haryana, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Tiger Circle Road, Madhav Nagar, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Madhurima Mitra
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad-121001, Haryana, India
| | - Sanjay Pal
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad-121001, Haryana, India.,Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, KIIT Road, Patia, Bhubaneswar-751024, Odisha, India
| | - Arjun Ray
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, South Campus, Mathura Road, Opp: Sukhdev Vihar Bus Depot, New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Siddhi Gupta
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad-121001, Haryana, India
| | - Nihal Medatwal
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad-121001, Haryana, India
| | - Ragini Gupta
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad-121001, Haryana, India
| | - Deepakkumar Mishra
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad-121001, Haryana, India
| | - Parul Rani
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad-121001, Haryana, India
| | - Siladitya Padhi
- Centre for Computational Natural Sciences and Bioinformatics, International Institute of Information Technology, Professor CR Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad-500032, India
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sri Aurobindo Marg, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Arti Kapil
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sri Aurobindo Marg, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Aasheesh Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal-462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - U Deva Priyakumar
- Centre for Computational Natural Sciences and Bioinformatics, International Institute of Information Technology, Professor CR Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad-500032, India
| | - Ujjaini Dasgupta
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University, Amity Education Valley Gurugram, Panchgaon, Manesar, Gurugram-122413, Haryana, India
| | - Lipi Thukral
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, South Campus, Mathura Road, Opp: Sukhdev Vihar Bus Depot, New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Avinash Bajaj
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad-121001, Haryana, India
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20
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Martinho N, Santos TCB, Florindo HF, Silva LC. Cisplatin- Membrane Interactions and Their Influence on Platinum Complexes Activity and Toxicity. Front Physiol 2019; 9:1898. [PMID: 30687116 PMCID: PMC6336831 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin and other platinum(II) analogs are widely used in clinical practice as anti-cancer drugs for a wide range of tumors. The primary mechanism by which they exert their action is through the formation of adducts with genomic DNA. However, multiple cellular targets by platinum(II) complexes have been described. In particular, the early events occurring at the plasma membrane (PM), i.e., platinum-membrane interactions seem to be involved in the uptake, cytotoxicity and cell-resistance to cisplatin. In fact, PM influences signaling events, and cisplatin-induced changes on membrane organization and fluidity were shown to activate apoptotic pathways. This review critically discusses the sequence of events caused by lipid membrane-platinum interactions, with emphasis on the mechanisms that lead to changes in the biophysical properties of the membranes (e.g., fluidity and permeability), and how these correlate with sensitivity and resistance phenotypes of cells to platinum(II) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Martinho
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tânia C B Santos
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Centro de Química-Física Molecular, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology and IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Helena F Florindo
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Liana C Silva
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Centro de Química-Física Molecular, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology and IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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21
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Rangel M, Moniz T, Silva AMN, Leite A. Tuning the Anti(myco)bacterial Activity of 3-Hydroxy-4-pyridinone Chelators through Fluorophores. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2018; 11:E110. [PMID: 30347802 DOI: 10.3390/ph11040110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Controlling the sources of Fe available to pathogens is one of the possible strategies that can be successfully used by novel antibacterial drugs. We focused our interest on the design of chelators to address Mycobacterium avium infections. Taking into account the molecular structure of mycobacterial siderophores and considering that new chelators must be able to compete for Fe(III), we selected ligands of the 3-hydroxy-4-pyridinone class to achieve our purpose. After choosing the type of chelating unit it was also our objective to design chelators that could be monitored inside the cell and for that reason we designed chelators that could be functionalized with fluorophores. We didn’t realize at the time that the incorporation a fluorophore, to allow spectroscopic detection, would be so relevant for the antimycobacterial effect or to determine the affinity of the chelators towards biological membranes. From a biophysical perspective, this is a fascinating illustration of the fact that functionalization of a molecule with a particular label may lead to a change in its membrane permeation properties and result in a dramatic change in biological activity. For that reason we believe it is interesting to give a critical account of our entire work in this area and justify the statement “to label means to change”. New perspectives regarding combined therapeutic approaches and the use of rhodamine B conjugates to target closely related problems such as bacterial resistance and biofilm production are also discussed.
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Kiskis J, Horvath I, Wittung-Stafshede P, Rocha S. [The processes of α-synuclein amyloid protein complexes involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2018; 118:75-81. [PMID: 30251982 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro201811808175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM To analyze interactions between α-synuclein (αS) protein and lipids using biophysical methods. MATERIAL AND METHODS Recombinant α-synuclein synthesized in prokaryotic cells was used. To characterize the interaction of αS with negatively charged vesicles of DOPS (1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine, sodium salt) and DOPG (1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-rac-glycerol), sodium salt) and the consequences of such interactions on αS amyloid formation, combined circular dichroism, fluorescence and imaging methods in vitro were applied. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Lipid head-group chemistry modulates αS interactions and also affects amyloid fiber formation. Pre-formed αS oligomers, typically present in a small amount in the αS starting material, acted as templates for linear growth of anomalous amyloid fibers in the presence of vesicles. At the same time, the remaining αS monomers were restricted from vesicle-mediated nucleation of amyloid fibers. Although not a dominant process in bulk experiments, this hidden αS aggregation pathway may be of importance in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kiskis
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - I Horvath
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - P Wittung-Stafshede
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - S Rocha
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Bagheri M, Amininasab M, Dathe M. Arginine/Tryptophan-Rich Cyclic α/β-Antimicrobial Peptides: The Roles of Hydrogen Bonding and Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic Solvent-Accessible Surface Areas upon Activity and Membrane Selectivity. Chemistry 2018; 24:14242-14253. [PMID: 29969522 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The bacterial selectivity of an amphiphilic library of small cyclic α/β-tetra-, α/β-penta-, and α/β-hexapeptides rich in arginine/tryptophan (Arg/Trp) residues, which contains asymmetric backbone configurations and differ in hydrophobicity and alternating d,l-amino acids, was investigated against Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli. The structural analyses showed that the peptides tend to form assemblies of different shapes. All-l-peptides, especially the most hydrophobic pentamers, were more strongly anti-B. subtilis. With the exception to cyclo(Phe-d-Trp-β3 hArg-Arg-d-Trp) (Phe=phenylalanine), the peptides had no effects on inner membrane of E. coli, but lyzed the lipopolysaccharide layer according to their activity pattern. The activities adversely changed with a decrease in the number of amide intramolecular hydrogen bonds in assemblies of diastereomeric peptides and the ratio of hydrophobic/hydrophilic solvent-accessible surface areas. The remarkable enhanced entropic contribution for the partitioning of the least conformationally constrained cyclo(Trp-d-Phe-β3 hTrp-Arg-d-Arg) sequence into the membranes supported the strong self-assembly behavior, therefore making the peptide less penetrable through the E. coli outer layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Bagheri
- Peptide Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, 16 Azar Street, 14176-14335, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehriar Amininasab
- Department of cell and molecular Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of, Tehran, Iran
| | - Margitta Dathe
- Leibniz institute of molecular pharmacology (FMP), Robert Roessle Street 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
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Abstract
The development of clinically useful peptide-based vaccines remains a long-standing goal. This review highlights that intrinsically disordered protein antigens, which lack an ordered three-dimensional structure, represent excellent starting points for the development of such vaccines. Disordered proteins represent an important class of antigen in a wide range of human pathogens, and, contrary to widespread belief, they are frequently targets of protective antibody responses. Importantly, disordered epitopes appear invariably to be linear epitopes, rendering them ideally suited to incorporation into a peptide vaccine. Nonetheless, the conformational properties of disordered antigens, and hence their recognition by antibodies, frequently depend on the interactions they make and the context in which they are presented to the immune system. These effects must be considered in the design of an effective vaccine. Here we discuss these issues and propose design principles that may facilitate the development of peptide vaccines targeting disordered antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A. MacRaild
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal ParadeParkville3052Australia
| | - Jeffrey Seow
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal ParadeParkville3052Australia
| | - Sreedam C. Das
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal ParadeParkville3052Australia
| | - Raymond S. Norton
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal ParadeParkville3052Australia
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25
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Malishev R, Nandi S, Kolusheva S, Levi-Kalisman Y, Klärner FG, Schrader T, Bitan G, Jelinek R. Toxicity inhibitors protect lipid membranes from disruption by Aβ42. ACS Chem Neurosci 2015; 6:1860-9. [PMID: 26317327 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.5b00200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the precise molecular factors linking amyloid β-protein (Aβ) to Alzheimer's disease (AD) have not been deciphered, interaction of Aβ with cellular membranes has an important role in the disease. However, most therapeutic strategies targeting Aβ have focused on interfering with Aβ self-assembly rather than with its membrane interactions. Here, we studied the impact of three toxicity inhibitors on membrane interactions of Aβ42, the longer form of Aβ, which is associated most strongly with AD. The inhibitors included the four-residue C-terminal fragment Aβ(39-42), the polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), and the lysine-specific molecular tweezer, CLR01, all of which previously were shown to disrupt different steps in Aβ42 self-assembly. Biophysical experiments revealed that incubation of Aβ42 with each of the three modulators affected membrane interactions in a distinct manner. Interestingly, EGCG and CLR01 were found to have significant interaction with membranes themselves. However, membrane bilayer disruption was reduced when the compounds were preincubated with Aβ42, suggesting that binding of the assembly modulators to the peptide attenuated their membrane interactions. Importantly, our study reveals that even though the three tested compounds affect Aβ42 assembly differently, membrane interactions were significantly inhibited upon incubation of each compound with Aβ42, suggesting that preventing the interaction of Aβ42 with the membrane contributes substantially to inhibition of its toxicity by each compound. The data suggest that interference with membrane interactions is an important factor for Aβ42 toxicity inhibitors and should be taken into account in potential therapeutic strategies, in addition to disruption or remodeling of amyloid assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravit Malishev
- Department
of Chemistry, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Sukhendu Nandi
- Department
of Chemistry, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Sofiya Kolusheva
- Ilse
Katz Institute for Nanotechnology, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Yael Levi-Kalisman
- Department
of Chemistry, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Frank-Gerrit Klärner
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen 45117, Germany
| | - Thomas Schrader
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen 45117, Germany
| | - Gal Bitan
- Department
of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, Brain Research Institute,
and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los
Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Raz Jelinek
- Department
of Chemistry, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
- Ilse
Katz Institute for Nanotechnology, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
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26
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Schrader AM, Donaldson SH Jr, Song J, Cheng CY, Lee DW, Han S, Israelachvili JN. Correlating steric hydration forces with water dynamics through surface force and diffusion NMR measurements in a lipid-DMSO-H2O system. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:10708-13. [PMID: 26261313 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1512325112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a common solvent and biological additive possessing well-known utility in cellular cryoprotection and lipid membrane permeabilization, but the governing mechanisms at membrane interfaces remain poorly understood. Many studies have focused on DMSO-lipid interactions and the subsequent effects on membrane-phase behavior, but explanations often rely on qualitative notions of DMSO-induced dehydration of lipid head groups. In this work, surface forces measurements between gel-phase dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine membranes in DMSO-water mixtures quantify the hydration- and solvation-length scales with angstrom resolution as a function of DMSO concentration from 0 mol% to 20 mol%. DMSO causes a drastic decrease in the range of the steric hydration repulsion, leading to an increase in adhesion at a much-reduced intermembrane distance. Pulsed field gradient NMR of the phosphatidylcholine (PC) head group analogs, dimethyl phosphate and tetramethylammonium ions, shows that the ion hydrodynamic radius decreases with increasing DMSO concentration up to 10 mol% DMSO. The complementary measurements indicate that, at concentrations below 10 mol%, the primary effect of DMSO is to decrease the solvated volume of the PC head group and that, from 10 mol% to 20 mol%, DMSO acts to gradually collapse head groups down onto the surface and suppress their thermal motion. This work shows a connection between surface forces, head group conformation and dynamics, and surface water diffusion, with important implications for soft matter and colloidal systems.
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27
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Tsigelny IF, Sharikov Y, Kouznetsova VL, Greenberg JP, Wrasidlo W, Overk C, Gonzalez T, Trejo M, Spencer B, Kosberg K, Masliah E. Molecular determinants of α-synuclein mutants' oligomerization and membrane interactions. ACS Chem Neurosci 2015; 6:403-16. [PMID: 25561023 DOI: 10.1021/cn500332w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with the formation of toxic α-synuclein oligomers that can penetrate the cell membrane. Familial forms of PD are caused by the point mutations A53T, A30P, E46K, and H50Q. Artificial point mutations E35K and E57K also increase oligomerization and pore formation. We generated structural conformations of α-synuclein and the above-mentioned mutants using molecular dynamics. We elucidated four main regions in these conformers contacting the membrane and found that the region including residues 39-45 (Zone2) may have maximum membrane penetration. E57K mutant had the highest rate of interaction with the membrane, followed by A53T, E46K, and E35K mutants and wild type (wt) α-synuclein. The mutant A30P had the smallest percentage of conformers that contact the membrane by Zone 2 than all other mutants and wt α-synuclein. These results were confirmed experimentally in vitro. We identified the key amino acids that can interact with the membrane (Y38, E62, and N65 (first hydrophilic layer); E104, E105, and D115 (second hydrophilic layer), and V15 and V26 (central hydrophobic layer)) and the residues that are involved in the interprotein contacts (L38, V48, V49, Q62, and T64). Understanding the molecular interactions of α-synuclein mutants is important for the design of compounds blocking the formation of toxic oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor F. Tsigelny
- San Diego Supercomputer Center, ‡Moores Cancer Center, §Department of Neurosciences, and ∥Department of
Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Yuriy Sharikov
- San Diego Supercomputer Center, ‡Moores Cancer Center, §Department of Neurosciences, and ∥Department of
Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Valentina L. Kouznetsova
- San Diego Supercomputer Center, ‡Moores Cancer Center, §Department of Neurosciences, and ∥Department of
Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jerry P. Greenberg
- San Diego Supercomputer Center, ‡Moores Cancer Center, §Department of Neurosciences, and ∥Department of
Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Wolf Wrasidlo
- San Diego Supercomputer Center, ‡Moores Cancer Center, §Department of Neurosciences, and ∥Department of
Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Cassia Overk
- San Diego Supercomputer Center, ‡Moores Cancer Center, §Department of Neurosciences, and ∥Department of
Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Tania Gonzalez
- San Diego Supercomputer Center, ‡Moores Cancer Center, §Department of Neurosciences, and ∥Department of
Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Margarita Trejo
- San Diego Supercomputer Center, ‡Moores Cancer Center, §Department of Neurosciences, and ∥Department of
Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Brian Spencer
- San Diego Supercomputer Center, ‡Moores Cancer Center, §Department of Neurosciences, and ∥Department of
Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Kori Kosberg
- San Diego Supercomputer Center, ‡Moores Cancer Center, §Department of Neurosciences, and ∥Department of
Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- San Diego Supercomputer Center, ‡Moores Cancer Center, §Department of Neurosciences, and ∥Department of
Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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28
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Haney EF, Nguyen LT, Schibli DJ, Vogel HJ. Design of a novel tryptophan-rich membrane-active antimicrobial peptide from the membrane-proximal region of the HIV glycoprotein, gp41. Beilstein J Org Chem 2012; 8:1172-84. [PMID: 23019445 PMCID: PMC3458735 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.8.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of physicochemical characteristics have been described which contribute to the biological activity of antimicrobial peptides. This information was used to design a novel antimicrobial peptide sequence by using an intrinsically inactive membrane-associated peptide derived from the HIV glycoprotein, gp41, as a starting scaffold. This peptide corresponds to the tryptophan-rich membrane-proximal region of gp41, which is known to interact at the interfacial region of the viral membrane and adopts a helical structure in the presence of lipids. Three synthetic peptides were designed to increase the net positive charge and amphipathicity of this 19-residue peptide. Ultimately, the peptide with the greatest degree of amphipathicity and largest positive charge proved to be the most potent antimicrobial, and this peptide could be further modified to improve the antimicrobial activity. However, the other two peptides were relatively ineffective antimicrobials and instead proved to be extremely hemolytic. This work demonstrates a novel approach for the design of unexplored antimicrobial peptide sequences but it also reveals that the biological and cytotoxic activities of these polypeptides depend on a number of interrelated factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan F Haney
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 1N4
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29
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Abstract
Critical to biological processes such as membrane fusion and secretion, ion-lipid interactions at the membrane-water interface still raise many unanswered questions. Using reconstituted phosphatidylcholine membranes, we confirm here that multilamellar vesicles swell in salt solutions, a direct indication that salt modifies the interactions between neighboring membranes. By varying sample histories, and by comparing with data from ion carrier-containing bilayers, we eliminate the possibility that swelling is an equilibration artifact. Although both attractive and repulsive forces could be modified by salt, we show experimentally that swelling is driven primarily by weakening of the van der Waals attraction. To isolate the effect of salt on van der Waals interactions, we focus on high salt concentrations at which any possible electrostatic interactions are screened. By analysis of X-ray diffraction data, we show that salt does not alter membrane structure or bending rigidity, eliminating the possibility that repulsive fluctuation forces change with salt. By measuring changes in interbilayer separation with applied osmotic stress, we have determined, using the standard paradigm for bilayer interactions, that 1 M concentrations of KBr or KCl decrease the van der Waals strength by 50%. By weakening van der Waals attractions, salt increases energy barriers to membrane contact, possibly affecting cellular communication and biological signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horia I Petrache
- Laboratory of Physical and Structural Biology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-0924, USA.
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30
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Ojakian GK, Satir P. Particle movements in chloroplast membranes: quantitative measurements of membrane fluidity by the freeze-fracture technique. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1974; 71:2052-6. [PMID: 4525315 PMCID: PMC388384 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.71.5.2052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Stacked chloroplast membranes isolated from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii have differentiated particle arrays when examined by freeze-fracture electron microscopy. When the membranes are isolated unstacked, these particle arrays are lost and the fracture faces have a homogeneous appearance. The changes in appearance are due to rearrangement of existing membrane components by lateral particle movements in the plane of the fluid chloroplast membranes, since quantitative measurements demonstrate almost complete conservation of numbers and sizes of membrane particles during experimentally controlled stacking and unstacking.
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