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García-Curiel L, Pérez-Flores JG, Contreras-López E, Pérez-Escalante E, Paz-Samaniego R. Evaluating the application of an arabinoxylan-rich fraction from brewers' spent grain as a release modifier of drugs. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:1759-1765. [PMID: 37203313 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2214841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the possible use of a fraction of brewers' spent grain rich in arabinoxylans (BSG-AX) as an excipient that modifies the release of class III drugs (Biopharmaceutics Classification System), by determining the release profile of metformin hydrochloride (MH), in a water medium. The cumulative percentage of MH release showed the best linear fit when modeled with the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the Weibull distribution (R2 = 0.993 ± 0.001). According to the Korsmeyer-Peppas model, the first stage of MH release is regulated by a super case-II transport mechanism controlled by the expansion and relaxation of BSG-AX. Finally, with the Hixson-Crowell model, a release rate (k HC ) of 0.350 ± 0.026 h - 1 3 was obtained (R2 = 0.996 ± 0.007). BSG-AX constitutes a suitable material for producing prolonged drug release vehicles; however, additional research is required to provide a better encapsulation of the active ingredients to ensure their optimal applicability and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura García-Curiel
- Área Académica de Enfermería, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, San Agustín Tlaxiaca, Mexico
| | - Jesús Guadalupe Pérez-Flores
- Área Académica de Enfermería, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, San Agustín Tlaxiaca, Mexico
- Área Académica de Química, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Mineral de la Reforma, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Contreras-López
- Área Académica de Química, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Mineral de la Reforma, Mexico
| | - Emmanuel Pérez-Escalante
- Área Académica de Química, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Mineral de la Reforma, Mexico
| | - Rita Paz-Samaniego
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, México
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Sun ML, Xu XW, Liu C, Tong YX, Wei YL, Liu HJ, Zhang W, Wang XH. Bioequivalence and Safety Assessment of 2 Formulations of Low-Dose Metformin Hydrochloride under Fasting Conditions in Healthy Chinese Participants: A Randomized Phase 1 Clinical Trial. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2024; 13:307-314. [PMID: 38189592 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.1369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The incidence of type 2 diabetes is high, and the existing metformin hydrochloride (MH) tablets of 250 mg cannot meet the demands of the Chinese drug market. This study aimed to evaluate the bioequivalence and safety of generic formulations of MH tablets (test formulation [T], 250 mg/tablet) and innovative products (reference formulation [R], 250 mg/tablet) under fasting conditions. This was an open-label, single-dose, 2-period, 2-sequence crossover, single-center, randomized phase I clinical trial. T and R were considered bioequivalent if the adjusted geometric mean ratios (GMRs) and 90% confidence intervals of the area under the curve (AUC) and maximum concentration (Cmax ) were within the range of 0.8-1.25. Thirty-five participants completed the trial. The T/R adjusted GMRs (95.7% for Cmax , 98.7% for AUC0→t , 98.8% for AUC0→∞ ) were within the acceptable bioequivalence range of 80%-125%. No serious adverse events or suspected or unexpected serious adverse reactions occurred during this trial. The study findings confirmed that generic MH is a well-tolerated and bioequivalent alternative to innovative products under fasting conditions in healthy Chinese participants. (www.chinadrugtrials.org.cn; registration no. CTR20190356).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Li Sun
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Wen Xu
- Beijing Golden Tang Medicine Science & Technology Development Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan-Xu Tong
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Li Wei
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Juan Liu
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xing-He Wang
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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3
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Ailuno G, Baldassari S, Balboni A, Pastorino S, Zuccari G, Cortese K, Barbieri F, Drava G, Florio T, Caviglioli G. Development of Biotinylated Liposomes Encapsulating Metformin for Therapeutic Targeting of Inflammation-Based Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:235. [PMID: 38399288 PMCID: PMC10893420 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16020235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a physiological response to a damaging stimulus but sometimes can be the cause of the onset of neurodegenerative diseases, atherosclerosis, and cancer. These pathologies are characterized by the overexpression of inflammatory markers like endothelial adhesion molecules, such as Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (VCAM-1). In the present work, the development of liposomes for therapeutic targeted delivery to inflamed endothelia is described. The idea is to exploit a three-step pretargeting system based on the biotin-avidin high-affinity interaction: the first step involves a previously described biotin derivative bearing a VCAM-1 binding peptide; in the second step, the avidin derivative NeutrAvidinTM, which strongly binds to the biotin moiety, is injected; the final step is the administration of biotinylated liposomes that would bind to NeutravidinTM immobilized onto VCAM-1 overexpressing endothelium. Stealth biotinylated liposomes, prepared via the thin film hydration method followed by extrusion and purification via size exclusion chromatography, have been thoroughly characterized for their chemico-physical and morphological features and loaded with metformin hydrochloride, a potential anti-inflammatory agent. The three-step system, tested in vitro on different cell lines via confocal microscopy, FACS analysis and metformin uptake, has proved its suitability for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Ailuno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.B.); (G.Z.); (G.D.); (G.C.)
| | - Sara Baldassari
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.B.); (G.Z.); (G.D.); (G.C.)
| | - Alice Balboni
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.B.); (G.Z.); (G.D.); (G.C.)
| | - Sara Pastorino
- Territorial Pharmacy of Azienda Sociosanitaria Ligure 2, Via Carlo Collodi 13, 17100 Savona, Italy;
| | - Guendalina Zuccari
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.B.); (G.Z.); (G.D.); (G.C.)
| | - Katia Cortese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via Antonio de Toni 14, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Federica Barbieri
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 2, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.B.); (T.F.)
| | - Giuliana Drava
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.B.); (G.Z.); (G.D.); (G.C.)
| | - Tullio Florio
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 2, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.B.); (T.F.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Gabriele Caviglioli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.B.); (G.Z.); (G.D.); (G.C.)
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Ozyilmaz ED, Celikkaya R, Comoglu T, Ozakpinar HR, Behzatoglu K. In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Metformin Hydrochloride Hydrogels Developed with Experimental Design in the Treatment of Burns. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:248. [PMID: 38030938 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02704-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Burns alter the normal skin barrier and affect various host defense processes that help prevent infections. An ineffective repair process can lead to serious damage, such as the onset of an infection or skin loss, which can then harm the surrounding tissues and ultimately the entire organism. This study aims to prepare in situ gels containing metformin hydrochloride, a compound known for its wound healing properties. To achieve this, in situ gels were prepared using three different gelling agents (Poloxamer 407®, Carbopol 934®, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC)) and three different concentrations of metformin hydrochloride (4 mg/g, 6 mg/g, and 8 mg/g), which were optimized through experimental design. Metformin concentration and gelling agent type were independent variables, and the loaded amount and the percentage of metformin released after 150 min were chosen as dependent variables in the optimization process. After determining the optimum values of the dependent variables according to the ANOVA analysis results, in vivo studies were conducted with optimized hydrogel formulations. Two groups, each consisting of seven Wistar rats with a burn model, were treated with metformin-poloxamer 407® gels at doses of 4 mg/g and 8 mg/g for 29 days. The results were then compared to untreated and placebo gel groups. Rats treated with in situ Poloxamer 407® hydrogels containing metformin hydrochloride showed a significant reduction in the size of the burned area after 29 days of treatment. However, for a comprehensive understanding of the wound healing mechanism, further studies such as immuno-histochemical and cell culture studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Dilek Ozyilmaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, North Cyprus via Mersin 10, Famagusta, 99628, Turkey
- Plastic Surgery Clinic, Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Rojhat Celikkaya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Tansel Comoglu
- Plastic Surgery Clinic, Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye.
| | - Hulda Rifat Ozakpinar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Kemal Behzatoglu
- Pathology Laboratory, Atakent Hospital, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Zhang R, Feng C, Luo D, Zhao R, Kannan PR, Yin Y, Iqbal MZ, Hu Y, Kong X. Metformin Hydrochloride Significantly Inhibits Rotavirus Infection in Caco2 Cell Line, Intestinal Organoids, and Mice. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1279. [PMID: 37765086 PMCID: PMC10536476 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rotavirus is one of the main pathogens that causes severe diarrhea in children under the age of 5, primarily infecting the enterocytes of the small intestine. Currently, there are no specific drugs available for oral rehydration and antiviral therapy targeting rotavirus. However, metformin hydrochloride, a drug known for its antiviral properties, shows promise as it accumulates in the small intestine and modulates the intestinal microbiota. Therefore, we formulated a hypothesis that metformin hydrochloride could inhibit rotavirus replication in the intestine. To validate the anti-rotavirus effect of metformin hydrochloride, we conducted infection experiments using different models, ranging from in vitro cells and organoids to small intestines in vivo. The findings indicate that a concentration of 0.5 mM metformin hydrochloride significantly inhibits the expression of rotavirus mRNA and protein in Caco-2 cells, small intestinal organoids, and suckling mice models. Rotavirus infections lead to noticeable pathological changes, but treatment with metformin has been observed to mitigate the lesions caused by rotavirus infection in the treated group. Our study establishes that metformin hydrochloride can inhibit rotavirus replication, while also affirming the reliability of organoids as a virus model for in vitro research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Institute for Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (R.Z.); (C.F.); (D.L.); (R.Z.); (P.R.K.); (Y.Y.); (M.Z.I.)
- Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Cui Feng
- Institute for Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (R.Z.); (C.F.); (D.L.); (R.Z.); (P.R.K.); (Y.Y.); (M.Z.I.)
- Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Dandan Luo
- Institute for Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (R.Z.); (C.F.); (D.L.); (R.Z.); (P.R.K.); (Y.Y.); (M.Z.I.)
- Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Ruibo Zhao
- Institute for Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (R.Z.); (C.F.); (D.L.); (R.Z.); (P.R.K.); (Y.Y.); (M.Z.I.)
- Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Perumal Ramesh Kannan
- Institute for Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (R.Z.); (C.F.); (D.L.); (R.Z.); (P.R.K.); (Y.Y.); (M.Z.I.)
- Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yuebang Yin
- Institute for Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (R.Z.); (C.F.); (D.L.); (R.Z.); (P.R.K.); (Y.Y.); (M.Z.I.)
- Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Muhammad Zubair Iqbal
- Institute for Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (R.Z.); (C.F.); (D.L.); (R.Z.); (P.R.K.); (Y.Y.); (M.Z.I.)
- Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yeting Hu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310030, China
| | - Xiangdong Kong
- Institute for Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (R.Z.); (C.F.); (D.L.); (R.Z.); (P.R.K.); (Y.Y.); (M.Z.I.)
- Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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S A, R V, Sivakumar K, Dash S. Effect of antidiabetic drug metformin hydrochloride on micellization behavior of cetylpyridinium bromide in aqueous solution. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37667900 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2249113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Herein, the interaction of an antidiabetic drug, metformin hydrochloride (MHCl), and a cationic surfactant, cetylpyridinium bromide (CPB) is investigated in an aqueous medium. The critical micellar concentration (CMC) of CPB is estimated through conductivity experiments and found to be reduced on adding MHCl and further decreased in the presence of NaCl. The reduced CMC is attributed to the solubilization of MHCl by CPB through micellization and the micellization is found to be thermodynamically spontaneous that experiences an augmentation in the presence of NaCl. This is identified from the negative value of standard free energy (Δ G0m). The higher negative value of Δ G0m (-55.41 kJ mol-1) for CPB + MHCl + NaCl than CPB (-37.89 kJ mol-1) and CPB + MHCl (-34.08 kJ mol-1) is suggestive of the above phenomenon. The positive values of Δ S0m in all three cases confirm that the micellization is entropy driven. The binding of MHCl on CPB is quantified by estimating binding constant using the Benesi-Hildebrand (B-H) plot through UV-visible spectral methods. The binding constant values were calculated to be 2.70 M-1 for CPB + MHCl + NaCl compared to 1.258 M-1 for CPB + MHCl predicting a favoring of micellization in the presence of NaCl which is higher than that in the presence of co-solvents. The molecular interaction of MHCl and CPB is justified using FT-IR and NMR techniques. The surface properties of drug surfactant interactions are assessed using SEM techniques. The point of interaction between the drug and surfactant is visualized through the molecular docking approach. The results suggest that CPB would be an effective solubilizer for developing MHCl drug formulations.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali S
- Department of chemistry, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vigneshwari R
- Department of chemistry, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Sivakumar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sri Chandrasekharendra Saraswathi Viswa Mahavidyalaya (Deemed to be University) [SCSVMV University], Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sasmita Dash
- Department of chemistry, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
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Lu W, Yu L, Wang L, Liu S, Li M, Wu Z, Chen S, Hu R, Hao H. Metformin Hydrochloride Mucosal Nanoparticles-Based Enteric Capsule for Prolonged Intestinal Residence Time, Improved Bioavailability, and Hypoglycemic Effect. AAPS PharmSciTech 2022; 24:31. [PMID: 36577873 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-022-02402-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin hydrochloride enteric-coated capsule (MH-EC) is a commonly used clinical drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. In this study, we described a metformin hydrochloride mucosal nanoparticles enteric-coated capsule (MH-MNPs-EC) based on metformin hydrochloride chitosan mucosal nanoparticles (MH-CS MNPs) and its preparation method to improve the bioavailability and hypoglycemic effect duration of MH-EC. In intestinal adhesion study, the residue rates of free drugs and mucosal nanoparticles were 10.52% and 67.27%, respectively after cleaned with PBS buffer. MH-CS MNPs could significantly improve the efficacy of MH and promote the rehabilitation of diabetes rats. In vitro release test of MH-MNPs-EC showed continuous release over 12 h, while commercial MH-EC released completely within about 1 h in intestinal environment (pH 6.8). Pharmacokinetic study was performed in beagle dogs compared to the commercial MH-EC. The durations of blood MH concentration above 2 μg/mL were 9 h for MH-MNPs-EC versus 2 h for commercial MH-EC. The relative bioavailability of MH-MNPs-EC was determined as 185.28%, compared with commercial MH-EC. In conclusion, MH-CS MNPs have good intestinal adhesion and can significantly prolong the residence time of MH in the intestine. MH-MNPs-EC has better treatment effect compared with MH-EC, and it is expected to be a potential drug product for the treatment of diabetes because of its desired characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Lu
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingfei Yu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Application; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, Anhui, China
| | - Lujun Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Application; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, Anhui, China
| | - Songlin Liu
- Anhui Huangshan Capsule Co. Ltd., Huangshan, 242700, Anhui, China
| | - Manman Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Application; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, Anhui, China
| | - Zijun Wu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Application; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, Anhui, China
| | - Shengqi Chen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Application; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, Anhui, China.
| | - Rongfeng Hu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Application; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, Anhui, China.
| | - Haiping Hao
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
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Gulsun T, Izat N, Sahin S. Influence of permeability enhancers on the paracellular permeability of metformin hydrochloride and furosemide across Caco-2 cells. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2022; 101:185-199. [PMID: 36459686 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2022-0265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Permeability enhancers can affect absorption of paracellularly transported drugs. This study aims to evaluate effects of permeability enhancers (chitosan, methyl-β -cyclodextrin, sodium caprate, sodium lauryl sulfate, etc.) on the permeability of paracellularly absorbed furosemide and metformin hydrochloride. Methyl thiazole tetrazolium bromide test was carried out to determine the drug concentrations in permeability study. Trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) values determined to assess the integrity of tight junctions. Permeability enhancers were applied at different concentrations alone, in dual/triple combinations. Permeability was determined using human colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cells (TEER > 400 Ω·cm2). Permeability enhancers have no significant effect (<2-fold; p > 0.05) on the permeability of furosemide (1.80 × 10-5 ± 4.55 × 10-7 cm/s); however, metformin permeability (1.36 × 10-5 ± 1.25 × 10-6 cm/s) increased significantly (p < 0.05) with 0.3% and 0.5% (w/v) chitosan (2.0- and 2.7-fold, respectively), 1% methyl-β -cyclodextrin (w/v) (3.5-fold), 10 and 20 µmol/L sodium caprate (2.2- and 2.8-fold, respectively), and 0.012% sodium lauryl sulfate (w/v) (1.9-fold). Furosemide permeability increased significantly (p < 0.05) with chitosan-sodium lauryl sulfate combination (1.7-fold), and all triple combinations (1.4- to 1.9-fold). Chitosan containing dual/triple combinations resulted in significant increase (p < 0.05) in metformin permeability (1.7 to 2.8-fold). All results indicated that absorption of furosemide and metformin can be improved by the combination of permeability enhancers. Therefore, it can be evaluated for the formulation of development strategies containing furosemide and metformin by the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Gulsun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Nihan Izat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Selma Sahin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
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Sun ML, Liu C, Bai HH, Wei YL, Zhang W, Liu HJ, Li YJ, Liu L, Wang Y, Tong YX, Gao Q, Liu QY, Wang X. Bioequivalence and safety evaluation of two preparations of metformin hydrochloride sustained-release tablets (Boke ® and Glucophage ®-XR) in healthy Chinese volunteers: a randomized phase I clinical trial. Ann Med 2022; 54:2626-2635. [PMID: 36135935 PMCID: PMC9521607 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2125574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As per the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) requirements, the quality and efficacy of generic drugs must be consistent with those of the innovator drug. We aimed to evaluate the bioequivalence and safety of generic metformin hydrochloride sustained-release (MH-SR) tablets (Boke®) developed by Beijing Wanhui Double-crane Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., China and the innovator product metformin hydrochloride extended-release tablets (Glucophage®-XR) manufactured by Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, New York, NY, in healthy Chinese volunteers. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a bioequivalence and safety assessment of MH-SR (500 mg/tablet) and Glucophage®-XR (500 mg/tablet) tablets in a randomized, open-label, two-period, two-sequence crossover, single-dose oral study in 48 healthy Chinese adult participants under fasting conditions (Chinese Clinical Trial Registration No. CTR20171306). The washout period was seven days. Bioequivalence (80.00-125.00%) was assessed using adjusted geometric mean ratios (GMRs) and two-sided 90% confidence intervals (CIs) of the area under the curve (AUC) and maximum concentration (Cmax) for each component. RESULTS The 90% CIs of the test/reference preparation for key pharmacokinetic parameters were 97.36-108.30% for AUC0→t, 97.26-108.09% for AUC0→∞ and 96.76-111.37% for Cmax. No severe adverse events (AEs) were observed. However, 38 adverse drug reactions (ADRs) occurred, including metabolic or nutritional conditions (n = 8), infections (n = 2), gastrointestinal conditions (n = 10) and abnormal inspection (n = 18). No significant difference was observed between MH-SR (23 ADRs, 10 participants) and Glucophage®-XR (15 ADRs, 12 participants) (p = .500). Bioequivalence was concluded since the 90% CIs of the main pharmacokinetic parameters were within the equivalence interval (80.00-125.00%). CONCLUSIONS MH-SR (500 mg/tablet) and Glucophage®-XR (500 mg/tablet) were found to be bioequivalent and safe under fasting conditions in healthy Chinese participants. Thus, the market demand for MH-SR tablets (500 mg/tablet) can be met using the generic alternative.KEY MESSAGESGeneric MH-SR tablets (500 mg, Beijing Wanhui Double-crane Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Beijing, China) and innovator MH-SR tablets (Glucophage®-XR, 500 mg, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, New York, NY, USA) were bioequivalent and safe in healthy Chinese volunteers under single-dose administration and fasting conditions.The main goal of this study is to support an increase in the supply of MH-SR tablets in China by proving the efficacy and safety of a generic alternative.Although no sugar was administered in the BE trial of the MH-SR tablets under fasting conditions, no hypoglycaemic event occurred. The method used in this study is expected to serve as a reference for BE studies of different MH-SR formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Li Sun
- Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Chen Liu
- Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Hong Bai
- Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Li Wei
- Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Juan Liu
- Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yin-Juan Li
- Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Long Liu
- Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Xv Tong
- Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qian Gao
- Division of Medicine, China Resources Double-Crane Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qian-Ying Liu
- Research and Development Department, China Resources Double-Crane Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xinghe Wang
- Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
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10
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Patel D, Vora A, Wairkar S, Yc M. Design of experiment-based LC-MS/MS method development for simultaneous estimation of nateglinide and metformin hydrochloride in rat plasma. J Mass Spectrom 2021; 56:e4789. [PMID: 34716637 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This research aims to develop and validate a bioanalytical method for simultaneous estimation of an antidiabetic combination using LC-MS/MS in rat plasma. Nateglinide and metformin hydrochloride are commonly used combination for clinical management of Type 2 diabetes. Hence, simultaneous determination in plasma is essential for the rapid analysis of samples from the pharmacokinetic studies. Statistical optimization was carried out for liquid chromatography (LC) parameters and mass spectroscopic (MS) parameters by design of experiment (DoE) (Design Expert Version 11, Stat Ease Inc., USA) approach. A 33 full factorial design was used for optimization of LC parameters; %methanol, %formic acid, and flow rate were selected as independent variables, whereas peak area and tailing factor were considered as dependent variables for both drugs. Box-Behnken design was used to optimize MS parameters including drying gas flow rate, nebulizing gas flow rate, DL temperature, heat block temperature, and positive voltage as independent factors, and responses selected were [M + H]+ intensity of nateglinide and metformin hydrochloride. The [M + H]+ intensity of the optimized method for nateglinide and metformin hydrochloride were 2,462,838 and 11,873,826, respectively. The model was found significant for optimizing LC and MS parameters with p < 0.05 for both nateglinide and metformin hydrochloride. The optimized method was validated as per the ICH-M10 guideline, which was accurate, precise, and selective. The method was cost-effective and capable of quantitating concentrations in picogram levels for nateglinide and metformin hydrochloride simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhrumi Patel
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India, 400056, India
| | - Amisha Vora
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India, 400056, India
| | - Sarika Wairkar
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India, 400056, India
| | - Mayur Yc
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India, 400056, India
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11
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Xu H, Xu X, Li S, Song WL, Yu DG, Annie Bligh SW. The Effect of Drug Heterogeneous Distributions within Core-Sheath Nanostructures on Its Sustained Release Profiles. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1330. [PMID: 34572545 PMCID: PMC8469915 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The sustained release of a water-soluble drug is always a key and important issue in pharmaceutics. In this study, using cellulose acetate (CA) as a biomacromolecular matrix, core-sheath nanofibers were developed for providing a sustained release of a model drug-metformin hydrochloride (MET). The core-sheath nanofibers were fabricated using modified tri-axial electrospinning, in which a detachable homemade spinneret was explored. A process-nanostructure-performance relationship was demonstrated through a series of characterizations. The prepared nanofibers F2 could release 95% of the loaded MET through a time period of 23.4 h and had no initial burst effect. The successful sustained release performances of MET can be attributed to the following factors: (1) the reasonable application of insoluble CA as the filament-forming carrier, which determined that the drug was released through a diffusion manner; (2) the core-sheath nanostructure provided the possibility of both encapsulating the drug completely and realizing the heterogeneous distributions of MET in the nanofibers with a higher drug load core than the sheath; (3) the thickness of the sheath sections were able to be exploited for further manipulating a better drug extended release performance. The mechanisms for manipulating the drug sustained release behaviors are proposed. The present proof-of-concept protocols can pave a new way to develop many novel biomolecule-based nanostructures for extending the release of water-soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (H.X.); (X.X.); (S.L.); (W.-L.S.)
| | - Xizi Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (H.X.); (X.X.); (S.L.); (W.-L.S.)
| | - Siyu Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (H.X.); (X.X.); (S.L.); (W.-L.S.)
| | - Wen-Liang Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (H.X.); (X.X.); (S.L.); (W.-L.S.)
| | - Deng-Guang Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (H.X.); (X.X.); (S.L.); (W.-L.S.)
- Shanghai Engineering Technology Research Center for High-Performance Medical Device Materials, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - S. W. Annie Bligh
- School of Health Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong 999077, China
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12
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Ye L, Li B, Ling N, Gao Y, Tao X, Cai S, Wang Y, Chen S, Wang F. Pharmacokinetics and Bioequivalence of a Generic Fixed-Dose Combination Tablet of Metformin Hydrochloride/Vildagliptin Versus a Branded Product in Healthy Chinese Subjects Under Fed and Fasting Conditions. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2021; 11:63-70. [PMID: 34273258 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the bioequivalence and safety of test and reference preparations of fixed-dose combination tablets of metformin hydrochloride/vildagliptin 850 mg/50 mg in healthy volunteers under fasting and fed conditions for marketing authorization in China. A single-dose, randomized, open-label, 2-way crossover study was conducted. Blood samples were collected up to 36 hours after dosing in each period with a 7-day washout. Pharmacokinetic parameters, including maximum plasma concentration (Cmax ), time to reach Cmax , area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) from time 0 to the last time point of the measurable concentration, AUC from time 0 to infinity, terminal elimination half-life, and apparent clearance, were calculated using noncompartmental methods and compared between the 2 formulations. Safety profiles were assessed, including significant findings of vital signs, electrocardiogram, laboratory tests, physical examination, and adverse events. A total of 30 healthy subjects (19 men, 11 women) were randomized, and 29 subjects were treated under fasting conditions. Likewise, 30 subjects (24 men, 6 women) were randomized and treated under fed conditions. The geometric mean ratio and corresponding 90% confidence intervals of Cmax , AUC from time 0 to the last time point of the measurable concentration , and AUC from time 0 to infinity for both metformin hydrochloride and vildagliptin between the 2 fixed-dose combination formulations were within the bioequivalence acceptance range of 80% to 125% under fasting or fed conditions. Therefore, the generic and branded formulations were bioequivalent and well tolerated in healthy Chinese subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- LiJun Ye
- Phase I Clinical Trial Unit, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Bei Li
- Phase I Clinical Trial Unit, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - NengMing Ling
- Phase I Clinical Trial Unit, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Yue Gao
- Phase I Clinical Trial Unit, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - XueXia Tao
- Phase I Clinical Trial Unit, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - ShuFan Cai
- Phase I Clinical Trial Unit, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Clinical Research Department, Yangtze River Pharmaceutical Group, Taizhou, JiangSu, P.R. China
| | - ShaoChun Chen
- Nanjing Clinical Tech Laboratories Inc., Nanjing, JiangSu, P.R. China
| | - Fei Wang
- Phase I Clinical Trial Unit, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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13
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Zhu JB, Yang JX, Nian YQ, Liu GQ, Duan YB, Bai X, Wang Q, Zhou Y, Wang XJ, Qu N, Li XY. Pharmacokinetics of Acetaminophen and Metformin Hydrochloride in Rats After Exposure to Simulated High Altitude Hypoxia. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:692349. [PMID: 34220516 PMCID: PMC8249799 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.692349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The pharmacokinetic characteristics of drugs were altered under high altitude hypoxia, thereby affecting the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drug. However, there are few literatures on the pharmacokinetic changes of antipyretic and pain-relieving drugs and cardiovascular system drugs at high altitude. This study aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen and metformin hydrochloride in rats under simulated high altitude hypoxia condition. Mechanically, the protein and mRNA expression of uridine diphosphate glucuronyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) and organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2) were investigated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), respectively. Compared with the normoxia group, the t1/2 and AUC of acetaminophen were significantly increased, and the CL/F was significantly decreased in rats after exposure to simulated high altitude hypoxia. The t1/2 of metformin hydrochloride was significantly increased by simulated high altitude hypoxia. No significant differences in AUC and CL/F of metformin hydrochloride were observed when comparing the hypoxia group with the normoxia group. The protein and mRNA expression of UGT1A1 and OCT2 were decreased significantly under hypoxia in rats. This study found obvious changes in the pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen and metformin hydrochloride in rats after exposure to simulated high altitude hypoxia, and they might be due to significant decreases in the expressions of UGT1A1 and OCT2. To sum up, our data suggested that the pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen and metformin hydrochloride should be reexamined, and the optimal dose should be reassessed under hypoxia exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Bo Zhu
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University Medical College, Xining, China.,State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Jian-Xin Yang
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University Medical College, Xining, China.,State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Yong-Qiong Nian
- School of Pharmacy, Qinghai Nationalities University, Xining, China
| | - Gui-Qin Liu
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Ya-Bin Duan
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University Medical College, Xining, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University Medical College, Xining, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University Medical College, Xining, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University Medical College, Xining, China
| | - Xue-Jun Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Red Cross Hospital of Qinghai, Xining, China
| | - Ning Qu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qinghai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xining, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, China
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14
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Tammisetty MR, Challa BR, Puttagunta SB. A Novel Analytical Method for the Simultaneous Estimation of Remogliflozin and Metformin Hydrochloride by UPLC/PDA in Bulk and Formulation Application to the Estimation of Product Traces. Turk J Pharm Sci 2021; 18:296-305. [PMID: 34157819 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2020.39699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objectives A selective and novel method has been optimized for the evaluation of remogliflozin and metformin hydrochloride in bulk and in the formulation and cleaning of samples by UPLC-PDA in bulk and formulation and product traces. Materials and Methods The principle analytes were eluted with phosphate buffer (pH: 4.5): acetonitrile (60:40%, v/v) as the mobile phase using the Spherisorb C18, 5 μm, 4.6 mm x 150 mm analytical column with a 1.0 mL/min flow rate and a 10 μL sample volume at 245 nm in a photodiode array detector. Results The retention times of remogliflozin and metformin hydrochloride were 3.017 min and 5.011 min with a total run time of 8 min. The curve indicates that the correlation coefficient (r2) was superior with a value of 1.000 in the linear range of 10 ng/mL-100.0 ng/mL for remogliflozin and 50 ng/mL-500.0 ng/mL for metformin hydrochloride. The correlation coefficient (r2) for metformin hydrochloride was found to be 1.000. The lower limits of quantification and detection for remogliflozin and metformin hydrochloride were found to be 10 ng/mL and 50 ng/mL, and 5 ng/mL and 10 ng/mL, respectively. Conclusion The developed method was validated and applied to the bulk drug estimation and drug formulation and cleaning samples. All the results obtained with this method was accurate and precise.
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15
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Boddu R, Vadla HC, Prathap VR, Kothamasu U, Rallabandi BC, Gannu R. Development of an In Vitro-In Vivo Correlation for Sitagliptin and Metformin Prolonged-release Tablet Formulations. Turk J Pharm Sci 2021; 18:233-241. [PMID: 33902269 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2020.60863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The objective of this study was to establish and validate an in vitro-in vivo correlation (IVIVC). To investigate the safety of a fixed-dose combination (FDC) versus the reference formulations (Januvia® 100 mg Filmtabletten co-administered with Glucophage® SR 1000 mg prolonged-release tablets), a bioequivalence study was conducted in the fasted and fed states, and the data generated were used to establish the correlation. Materials and Methods The formulations used in the bioequivalence study were a FDC (sitagliptin hydrochloride equivalent to 100 mg of sitagliptin and metformin hydrochloride 1000 mg prolonged release) and Januvia® 100 mg co-administered with Glucophage® SR 1000 mg. The plasma profiles from the bioequivalence study and respective dissolution data were then utilized to establish "level A" IVIVC. The procedure comprises pharmacokinetic modeling to derive the empirical constants for further use in deconvolution and convolution procedures. Levy plots were constructed to understand the relationship between in vitro and in vivo properties. The internal and external predictabilities were evaluated by comparing the predicted pharmacokinetics with the observed values from the bioequivalence study. Results The formulations showed approximately 91%-95% and 89%-91% dissolution, respectively in fasted and fed-state dissolution media for sitagliptin. The dissolution of metformin was 96%-98% and 89%-95%, respectively, in fasted and fed-state media. The regression coefficients of all the Levy plots were more than 0.900, indicating a linear correlation between in vitro release and in vivo parameters. The prediction error value of internal and external predictabilities was below 10 and met the US Food and Drug Administration criteria. Therefore, it can be stated that the correlation models are validated and can be used for predictions and to setting the dissolution specifications. The safety and tolerability of the FDC was found to be superior to those of the reference formulations, as fewer adverse events occurred following administration of the FDC. Conclusion Correlation models can be useful for the prediction of FDCs during the management life cycle of the product. The models can also serve as a surrogate for in vivo studies. The FDC was tolerable, and the adverse events were mild and similar to those observed with the reference products. Therefore, the FDC is safe for use in human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajkumar Boddu
- Product Development, AET Laboratories Pvt. Ltd, Sangareddy District, Telangana State, India
| | - Harikiran Chary Vadla
- Product Development, AET Laboratories Pvt. Ltd, Sangareddy District, Telangana State, India
| | - Vamshi Ramana Prathap
- Product Development, AET Laboratories Pvt. Ltd, Sangareddy District, Telangana State, India
| | - Umamaheshwar Kothamasu
- Clinical Department, AET Laboratories Pvt. Ltd, Sangareddy District, Telangana State, India
| | | | - Ramesh Gannu
- Product Development, AET Laboratories Pvt. Ltd, Sangareddy District, Telangana State, India
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16
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Totea AM, Dorin I, Laity PR, Conway BR, Waters L, Asare-Addo K. Magnesium aluminium silicate- metformin hydrochloride complexes - The use of isothermal calorimetry in probing the understanding of clay and drug nanocomplexations. Curr Drug Deliv 2021; 18:1280-1291. [PMID: 33797383 DOI: 10.2174/1567201818666210402125244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study reports the use of Isothermal Calorimetry (ITC) in understanding the complexation process occurring between Magnesium Aluminium Silicate (MAS) and metformin hydrochloride (MET), as a potential controlled release drug delivery system. The calorimetric results confirmed the binding between MET and MAS at various pHs (5, 7 and 9) and temperatures (25 ºC and 37 ºC). The overall change in enthalpy was found to be exothermic with a comparatively small entropic contribution to the total change in Gibbs free energy, implying that the binding was an enthalpically driven process. These findings suggest that the binding process was dominated by hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions. pH and temperature variation did not have a great impact on the binding, as observed from the similarity in enthalpy (ΔH), entropy (ΔS) or Gibbs free energy (ΔG), with the reaction being only slightly more exothermic at pH 5 and at 37 ºC. MAS and MET complex dispersions and particles were also formulated and analysed successfully using DSC, XRPD, ATR-FTIR, SEM/EDX, digital microscopy. 2D-SAXS. 2D-SAXS was able to differentiate between MAS particulates and MAS-MET complexes when analysed in their liquid form suggesting the importance of appropriate methodology and instrumentation used in characterisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Maria Totea
- School of Applied Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield. United Kingdom
| | - Irina Dorin
- Biomolecular Formulation and Characterization Sciences, UCB, Slough SL3WE. United Kingdom
| | - Peter R Laity
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD. United Kingdom
| | - Barbara R Conway
- School of Applied Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield. United Kingdom
| | - Laura Waters
- School of Applied Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield. United Kingdom
| | - Kofi Asare-Addo
- School of Applied Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield. United Kingdom
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Salatin S, Jelvehgari M. Expert design and optimization of ethyl cellulose-poly (ε-caprolactone) blend microparticles for gastro-retentive floating delivery of metformin hydrochloride. Curr Drug Deliv 2021; 18:1125-1135. [PMID: 33563167 DOI: 10.2174/1567201818666210204164145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metformin hydrochloride (MH) is an oral anti-hyperglycemic agent belonging to the biguanide class of drugs. OBJECTIVE The present study involves the formulation and evaluation of gastro-retentive floating microparticles containing MH as a model drug for the prolongation of absorption time. METHODS Three levels of a three-factor, Box-Behnken design were used to evaluate the critical formulation variables. Microparticles were prepared using a water-in-oil-in-water double-emulsion solvent evaporation method and examined in terms of production yield, particle size, entrapment efficiency, floating ability, morphology, FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), and in vitro drug release. RESULTS The optimum conditions for preparing MH microparticles were predicted to be the content of ethyl cellulose content (150 mg), poly (ε-caprolactone) (150 mg), and polyvinyl alcohol (1 %w/v). The optimized MH microparticles were found to be spherical with a mean size of 350.2 µm. Entrapment efficiency was 58.62% for microparticles. 63.94% of microparticles showed floating properties. The FTIR analysis confirmed no chemical linkage between microparticle components. In vitro release study showed a controlled release for up to 8h. CONCLUSION These results demonstrated that MH microparticles, as a drug delivery system, may be useful to achieve a controlled drug release profile suitable for oral administration and may help to reduce the dose of drug and to improve patient compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Salatin
- Faculty of pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz. Iran
| | - Mitra Jelvehgari
- Faculty of pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz. Iran
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18
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Umeta B, Bekele A, Mohammed T, Duguma M, Teshome H, Mekonnen Y. Dissolution Profile Evaluation of Eight Brands of Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets Available in Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:3499-3506. [PMID: 34385824 PMCID: PMC8352574 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s316187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dissolution is the critical quality control parameter and used to predict an in vivo oral bioavailability, and it is used to support bio-waiver. AIM To evaluate and compare the dissolution profile of eight brands of metformin HCL 500 mg tablets available in Jimma town, Southwest Ethiopia. METHODS The study was conducted in Jimma town, Ethiopia. Eight (seven brands and one comparator) metformin HCL 500 mg tablets were included. The dissolution study was conducted as per United States Pharmacopeia, and the dissolution profile was compared by one-way ANOVA, model-dependent and model-independent approaches. RESULTS All of the included tablet brands complied with single-point dissolution study specification. Statistical comparisons of the dissolution profile by one-way ANOVA revealed that all brands had similar dissolution profiles (p=0.89). All of the brands had a similarity factor (f2) >50% and the difference factor (f1) <15. The entire brands followed the Weibull curve approach (the highest coefficient of determination and lowest Akaike Information Criteria) for the release of an active pharmaceutical ingredient. CONCLUSION All of the brands complied with single point dissolution study and all of them could be used interchangeably with the innovator drug. All brands followed the Weibull method for the release of the drug substance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belachew Umeta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia
- Correspondence: Belachew Umeta Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Institute of Health, Jimma University, PO Box 378, Jimma, Oromia, EthiopiaTel +251901649597 Email
| | - Anbessa Bekele
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia
| | - Tesfaye Mohammed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia
- Jimma University Laboratory of Drug Quality (JULaDQ), Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia
| | - Markos Duguma
- Jimma University Laboratory of Drug Quality (JULaDQ), Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia
| | - Henok Teshome
- Jimma University Laboratory of Drug Quality (JULaDQ), Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia
| | - Yimer Mekonnen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia
- Jimma University Laboratory of Drug Quality (JULaDQ), Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia
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Magdy MA, Ali NW, Taha AA, Elgebaly AM, Farid NF. Different chromatographic methods for determination of alogliptin benzoate, metformin hydrochloride, and metformin impurity in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form. J Sep Sci 2020; 44:833-842. [PMID: 33301650 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Two simple, sensitive, and reproducible methods were developed for the determination of alogliptin and metformin hydrochloride in presence of metformin impurity "melamin" in pure form and in pharmaceutical formulation. Method (A) was a thin layer chromatographic method in which separation was achieved using ethyl acetate-methanol-formic acid (6:3.8:0.2, by volume) as a developing system followed by densitometric scanning at 230 nm. Method (B) was a high-performance liquid chromatography method; separation was achieved on C18 column, the mobile phase consisted of a mixture of sodium lauryl sulfate buffer 0.1% w/v, pH 3: methanol in the ratio 70:30, v/v and measurement was done at 220 nm. System suitability testing parameters were calculated to ascertain the quality performance of the developed chromatographic methods. The proposed methods have been validated regarding accuracy, precision, and selectivity, moreover they have been successfully applied to Westirizide tablets containing both alogliptin and metformin hydrochloride, results indicate that there was no interference from additives. No significance difference was found when these methods were compared to the reported one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maimana A Magdy
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Nouruddin W Ali
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Taha
- Chemistry Department, Faculty for Girls, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Elgebaly
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Nehal F Farid
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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20
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Gao S, Chen Y, Hu R, Lu W, Yu L, Chen J, Liu S, Guo Y, Shen Q, Wang B, Fang W. Visualized analysis and evaluation of simultaneous controlled release of metformin hydrochloride and gliclazide from sandwiched osmotic pump capsule. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:1776-1786. [PMID: 32895014 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1821047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop the Metformin Hydrochloride and Gliclazide (MH-GZ) sandwiched osmotic pump capsule which could overcome the problems associated with short half-life and burst release. The system could deliver drugs with different solubility simultaneously at zero-order rate, in which MH-GZ were filled in both sides of the push layer respectively. The single factor and orthogonal test were employed to obtain the optimized formulation with the evaluation index of similarity factor (ƒ2). R language was used to visualized analyze the main influence factors of drug release and their correlations. Pharmacokinetic study was performed in beagle dogs compared to the marketed conventional product, which showed decreased Cmax, prolonged Tmax, and improved bioavailability, independent of pH and agitational speed but related to osmotic pressure differences across the semi permeable membrane. The designed sandwiched osmotic pump capsule proposed a promising substitute for the marketed product for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Gao
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yanjun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China.,College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, Anhui, China
| | - Rongfeng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Application, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wenjie Lu
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingfei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Songlin Liu
- Anhui Huangshan Capsule Co., Ltd, Huangshan, Anhui, China
| | - Yuxing Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Qiang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wenyou Fang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
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21
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H. Aodah A, H. Fayed M, Alalaiwe A, B. Alsulays B, F. Aldawsari M, Khafagy ES. Design, Optimization, and Correlation of In Vitro/In Vivo Disintegration of Novel Fast Orally Disintegrating Tablet of High Dose Metformin Hydrochloride Using Moisture Activated Dry Granulation Process and Quality by Design Approach. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12070598. [PMID: 32605039 PMCID: PMC7408287 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12070598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Compression of cohesive, poorly compactable, and high-dose metformin hydrochloride into the orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) is challenging. The objective of this study was to develop metformin ODT using the moisture activated dry granulation (MADG) process. There are no reports in the literature regarding the development of ODT based on MADG technology. The feasibility of developing metformin ODT was assessed utilizing a 32 full factorial design to elucidate the influence of water amount (X1) and the amount of pregelatinized starch (PGS; X2) as independent variables on key granules and tablets’ characteristics. The prepared granules and tablets were characterized for granule size, bulk density, flow properties, tablets’ weight variation, breaking force, friability, capping tendency, in vitro and in vivo disintegration, and drug release. Regression analysis showed that X1 and X2 had a significant (p ≤ 0.05) impact on key granules and tablets’ properties with a predominant effect of the water amount. Otherwise, the amount of PGS had a pronounced effect on tablet disintegration. Optimized ODT was found to show better mechanical strength, low friability, and short disintegration time in the oral cavity. Finally, this technique is expected to provide better ODT for many kinds of high-dose drugs that can improve the quality of life of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alhussain H. Aodah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (M.H.F.); (A.A.); (B.B.A.); (M.F.A.); (E.-S.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +96-65-9910-8161
| | - Mohamed H. Fayed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (M.H.F.); (A.A.); (B.B.A.); (M.F.A.); (E.-S.K.)
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alalaiwe
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (M.H.F.); (A.A.); (B.B.A.); (M.F.A.); (E.-S.K.)
| | - Bader B. Alsulays
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (M.H.F.); (A.A.); (B.B.A.); (M.F.A.); (E.-S.K.)
| | - Mohammed F. Aldawsari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (M.H.F.); (A.A.); (B.B.A.); (M.F.A.); (E.-S.K.)
| | - El-Sayed Khafagy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (M.H.F.); (A.A.); (B.B.A.); (M.F.A.); (E.-S.K.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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22
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Gulsun T, Akdag Y, Izat N, Cetin M, Oner L, Sahin S. Development and characterization of metformin hydrochloride- and glyburide-containing orally disintegrating tablets. Pharm Dev Technol 2020; 25:999-1009. [PMID: 32431206 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2020.1772290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Although metformin hydrochloride (MHCl)- and glyburide (GLB)-containing conventional tablets are available in the market and used to treat diabetes, orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) containing the combination of these drugs are not commercially available. Therefore, the aim of this study was to prepare ODTs containing MHCl and GLB by direct-compression (DC-ODTs) and freeze-drying (FD-ODTs) methods. Physical properties of the powder mixture of DC-ODT formulation were determined (Angle of repose: 37.18 ± 1.27°; compressibility index: 20.31 ± 1.06%; Hausner ratio: 1.25 ± 0.03). Its moisture content was 0.3 ± 0.09%. The hardness values and the disintegration times for DC-ODTs and FD-ODTs were 221.60 ± 40.82 and 66.54 ± 2.68 N, and 80 and 30 s, respectively. Friability values were 0.24% for DC-ODTs and 0.38% for FD-ODTs. In uniformity-of-mass for single-dose-preparations test, the average weight was 684.38 ± 1.97 mg for DC-ODTs and 342.93 ± 2.4 mg for FD-ODTs, with less than 5% deviation for all 20 tablets. Water-absorption ratio for DC-ODTs was 1.30 ± 0.05. More than 90% of MHCl and GLB were dissolved within 5 min in both DC-ODTs and FD-ODTs. Although Caco-2 permeability of MHCl was influenced by the ODTs, GLB permeability was not. These results indicated that MHCl- and GLB-containing ODTs may be used as promising formulations for the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Gulsun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yagmur Akdag
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nihan Izat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meltem Cetin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Levent Oner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Selma Sahin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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23
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Al-Qadsy I, Saeed WS, Al-Odayni AB, Ahmed Saleh Al-Faqeeh L, Alghamdi AA, Farooqui M. Novel Metformin-Based Schiff Bases: Synthesis, Characterization, and Antibacterial Evaluation. Materials (Basel) 2020; 13:ma13030514. [PMID: 31978979 PMCID: PMC7040619 DOI: 10.3390/ma13030514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Novel Schiff bases of metformin hydrochloride and (ortho)para-nitrobenzaldehyde were synthesized by employing two efficient environmentally friendly methods, namely, stirring and microwave-assisted methods using water as the solvent. The advantage of microwave irradiation over the other methods was represented in the reduction of reaction time and wastes, and good yields; however, water in both methods plays the role of eco-friendly solvent. The structural properties of the (ortho)para-isomer products were analyzed by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, UV-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, 13C NMR spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The newly synthesized compounds were screened for their antibacterial activity against selected Gram-positive (ATCC 25923, ATCC 43300, and ATCC 29212) and Gram-negative (ATCC 25922, ATCC 27853, and ATCC 700603) bacteria using the agar well diffusion method. Compared with the standard drug streptomycin, both Schiff bases exhibited moderate bactericidal activity against the tested bacteria with higher values of ortho-nitro compared with the para-nitro isomer; however, no effect on ATCC 43300 and ATCC 27853 was observed under the experimental conditions employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inas Al-Qadsy
- Maulana Azad of Arts, Science and Commerce, P.O. Box 27, Aurangabad 431001, India;
| | - Waseem Sharaf Saeed
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (W.S.S.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (W.S.S.); (A.A.A.)
- Correspondence: (A.-B.A.-O.); (M.F.)
| | - Lena Ahmed Saleh Al-Faqeeh
- Microbiology Department, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, P.O. Box 27, Aurangabad 431004, India;
| | - Abdulaziz Ali Alghamdi
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (W.S.S.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Mazahar Farooqui
- Maulana Azad of Arts, Science and Commerce, P.O. Box 27, Aurangabad 431001, India;
- Correspondence: (A.-B.A.-O.); (M.F.)
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24
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Yu X, Zhou W, Wang H, Lu S, Jin Y, Fu J. Transdermal metformin hydrochloride-loaded cubic phases: in silico formulation optimization, preparation, properties, and application for local treatment of melanoma. Drug Deliv 2019; 26:376-383. [PMID: 30905216 PMCID: PMC6442100 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2019.1587046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin hydrochloride (Met) is commonly used for antidiabetic therapy though its antimelanoma action is also reported. Conventional oral administration method of Met is not appropriate for therapy of melanoma because of large dose, adverse reactions, and low efficiency. Here, a transdermal Met-loaded cubic phase was developed for local treatment of melanoma. In silico formulation optimization of the cubic phases was done, and the corresponding formulations were prepared and characterized. The optimized formulations were screened based on the stable microstructure and proper fluidity. Highly efficient mouse skin permeability of Met was found with the cubic phases compared to Met solutions. High antimelanoma effect of transdermal Met-loaded cubic phases also was shown by the significant decrease of tumor volume and the improvement of melanoma cell apoptosis on the B16 melanoma mice. Met-loaded cubic phases are a promising topically applied medication for local therapies of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Yu
- a Department of Pharmacy, First Hospital of Huzhou, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University , Huzhou , China.,b Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing , China
| | - Wei Zhou
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing , China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing , China
| | - Sheng Lu
- a Department of Pharmacy, First Hospital of Huzhou, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University , Huzhou , China
| | - Yiguang Jin
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing , China
| | - Junhui Fu
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing , China
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Szekalska M, Sosnowska K, Zakrzeska A, Kasacka I, Lewandowska A, Winnicka K. The Influence of Chitosan Cross-linking on the Properties of Alginate Microparticles with Metformin Hydrochloride-In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation. Molecules 2017; 22:E182. [PMID: 28117747 PMCID: PMC6155789 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sodium alginate is a polymer with unique ability to gel with different cross-linking agents in result of ionic and electrostatic interactions. Chitosan cross-linked alginate provides improvement of swelling and mucoadhesive properties and might be used to design sustained release dosage forms. Therefore, the aim of this research was to develop and evaluate possibility of preparing chitosan cross-linked alginate microparticles containing metformin hydrochloride by the spray-drying method. In addition, influence of cross-linking agent on the properties of microparticles was evaluated. Formulation of microparticles prepared by the spray drying of 2% alginate solution cross-linked by 0.1% chitosan was characterized by good mucoadhesive properties, high drug loading and prolonged metformin hydrochloride release. It was shown that designed microparticles reduced rat glucose blood level, delayed absorption of metformin hydrochloride and provided stable plasma drug concentration. Additionally, histopathological studies of pancreas, liver and kidneys indicated that all prepared microparticles improved degenerative changes in organs of diabetic rats. Moreover, no toxicity effect and no changes in rats behavior after oral administration of chitosan cross-linked alginate microparticles were noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Szekalska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2c, Białystok 15-222, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Sosnowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2c, Białystok 15-222, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Zakrzeska
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2c, Białystok 15-222, Poland.
| | - Irena Kasacka
- Department of Histology and Cytophysiology, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2c, Białystok 15-222, Poland.
| | - Alicja Lewandowska
- Department of Histology and Cytophysiology, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2c, Białystok 15-222, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Winnicka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2c, Białystok 15-222, Poland.
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Abstract
CONTEXT Metformin hydrochloride is a biguanide derivative widely used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, prescribed nearly to 120 million people worldwide. Metformin has a relatively low oral bioavailability (about 50-60%). Although the major effect of metformin is to decrease hepatic glucose output as an antihyperglycemic agent, its inhibitory effects on the proliferation of some cancer cells (e.g. prostate, breast, glioma cells) have been demonstrated in the cell culture studies. Development of novel formulation (e.g. microparticles, nanoparticles) strategies for metformin might be useful to improve its bioavailability, to reduce the dosing frequency, to decrease gastrointestinal side effects and toxicity and to be helpful for effective use of metformin in cancer treatment. OBJECTIVE The main aim of this review is to summarize metformin HCl-loaded micro- and nanoparticulate drug delivery systems. METHOD The literature was rewieved with regard to the physicochemical, pharmacological properties of metformin, and also its mechanism of action in type 2 diabetes and cancer. In addition, micro- and nanoparticulate drug delivery systems developed for metformin were gathered from the literature and the results were discussed. CONCLUSION Metformin is an oral antihyperglycemic agent and also has potential antitumorigenic effects. The repeated applications of high doses of metformin (as immediate release formulations) are needed for an effective treatment due to its low oral bioavailability and short biological half-life. Drug delivery systems are very useful systems to overcome the difficulties associated with conventional dosage forms of metformin and also for its effective use in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meltem Cetin
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Ataturk University , Erzurum , Turkey and
| | - Selma Sahin
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
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Khatun S, Sutradhar KB. Water hyacinth: a possible alternative rate retarding natural polymer used in sustained release tablet design. Front Pharmacol 2014; 5:137. [PMID: 24966835 PMCID: PMC4052803 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2014.00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years natural polymers have been widely used because of their effectiveness and availability over synthetic polymers. In this present investigation matrix tablets of Metformin hydrochloride were formulated using Water hyacinth powder and its rate retardant activity was studied. Tablets were prepared using wet granulation method with 8% starch as granulating agent and 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30% of Water hyacinth powder to the drug. In preformulation study, angle of repose, Carr's Index and Hausner ratio were calculated. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) studies were performed and no interactions were found between drug and excipients. Weight variation, friability, hardness, thickness, diameter, and in vitro release study were performed with the prepared matrix tablets. Dissolution studies were conducted using USP type II apparatus at a speed of 100 rpm at 37°C ± 0.5 temperature for 8 h. Though all the formulations comply with both BP and USP requirements, formulation F-1 (5% of Water hyacinth) was the best fitted formula. The drug release patterns were explained in different kinetic models such as Zero order, First order, Higuchi, Hixson Crowell, and Korsmeyer-Peppas equations. The current investigation implies that Water hyacinth has the potential to be used as a rate-retarding agent in sustained release drug formulations.
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Nahar L, Nasrin F, Zahan R, Haque A, Haque E, Mosaddik A. Comparative study of antidiabetic activity of Cajanus cajan and Tamarindus indica in alloxan-induced diabetic mice with a reference to in vitro antioxidant activity. Pharmacognosy Res 2014; 6:180-7. [PMID: 24761124 PMCID: PMC3996756 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.129043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Revised: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress not only develops complications in diabetic (type 1 and type 2) but also contributes to beta cell destruction in type 2 diabetes in insulin resistance hyperglycemia. Glucose control plays an important role in the pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance. Some antidiabetic agents may by themselves have antioxidant properties independently of their role on glucose control. Objective: The present investigation draws a comparison of the protective antioxidant activity, total phenol content and the antihyperglycemic activity of the methanolic extract of Cajanus cajan root (MCC) and Tamarindus indica seeds (MTI). Materials and Methods: Antidiabetic potentials of the plant extracts were evaluated in alloxan-induced diabetic Swiss albino mice. The plant extracts at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight was orally administered for glucose tolerance test during 1-hour study and hypoglycemic effect during 5-day study period in comparison with reference drug Metformin HCl (50 mg/kg). In vitro antioxidant potential of MCC and MTI was investigated by using 1, 1- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity at 517 nm. Total phenolic content, total antioxidant capacity and reducing power activity was also assayed. Results: There was a significant decrease in fasting serum glucose level (P < 0.001), reduction in blood glucose level (P < 0.001) in 5-days study, observed in the alloxan-induced diabetic mice. The reduction efficacy of blood glucose level of both the extracts is proportional to their dose but MCC is more potent than MTI. Antioxidant study and quantification of phenolic compound of both the extracts revealed that they have high antioxidant capacity. Conclusion: These studies showed that MCC and MTI have both hypoglycemic and antioxidant potential but MCC is more potent than MTI. The present study suggests that both MCC and MTI could be used in managing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laizuman Nahar
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Fatema Nasrin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ronok Zahan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Anamul Haque
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ekramul Haque
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Ashik Mosaddik
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
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Pandit V, Pai RS, Devi K, Singh G, Narayana S, Suresh S. Development and validation of the liquid chromatographic method for simultaneous estimation of metformin, pioglitazone, and glimepiride in pharmaceutical dosage forms. Pharm Methods 2013; 3:9-13. [PMID: 23781471 PMCID: PMC3658067 DOI: 10.4103/2229-4708.97707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: A simple, precise, and accurate HPLC method for simultaneous estimation of metformin hydrochloride (MET), pioglitazone hydrochloride (PIO), and glimepiride (GLIMP) was developed and validated. Materials and Methods: Chromatographic separation of the drugs was performed by using a Phenomenex-ODS-3 (C-18) column (250 × 4.60 mm, 5 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of methanol:acetonitrile:15 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate (pH 4) in the proportion of 40:35:25 (v/v) at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. Detection was carried out using a UV-SPD-10AVP detector at 240 nm. Results: The retention time for MET, PIO, and GLIMP were 2.85 ± 0.03 min, 4.52 ± 0.03 min, and 7.08 ± 0.02min, respectively. Parameters such as linearity (0.2–50 μg/ ml for MET, 0.2–30 μg/ml for PIO, and GLIMP, respectively), precision (intra-day % RSD was 1.01–3.24 and inter-day % RSD was 1.54–4.09 for MET; intra-day % RSD was 1.03–2.09 and inter-day % RSD was 2.26–3.10 for PIO; and intra-day% RSD was 1.00–3.15 and inter-day % RSD was 1.58–3.07 for GLIMP), accuracy (99.66 ± 0.14 for MET, 98.46 ± 0.40 for PIO, and 98.62 ± 0.39 for GLIMP), specificity and robustness were calculated in accordance with ICH guidelines. Conclusions: The method was proved to be simple, rapid, precise, accurate, and cost effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Pandit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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El-Bagary RI, Elkady EF, Ayoub BM. Spectrophotometric Methods for the Determination of Linagliptin in Binary Mixture with Metformin Hydrochloride and Simultaneous Determination of Linagliptin and Metformin Hydrochloride using High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Int J Biomed Sci 2013; 9:41-7. [PMID: 23675288 PMCID: PMC3644414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Simple, accurate and precise Zero order, first derivative spectrophotometric and chromatographic methods have been developed and validated for the determination of linagliptin (LNG) and metformin HCl (MET). The zero order and first derivative spectrophotometric methods were used for the determination of LNG in the range of 5-30 μg mL(-1) by measuring the absorbance at 299 nm and 311 respectively. Besides, a reversed-phase liquid chromatographic (RP-LC) method is described for the simultaneous determination of LNG and MET. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Symmetry(®) Waters C18 column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm). Isocratic elution based on potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer pH (4.6) - methanol (30:70, v/v) at a flow rate of 1 mLmin(-1) with UV detection at 260 nm was performed. Linearity, accuracy and precision were found to be acceptable over the concentration ranges of 0.125-4 μg mL(-1) and 20-800 μg mL(-1) for LNG and MET, respectively. The results were statistically compared using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The optimized methods were validated and proved to be specific, robust, precise and accurate for the quality control of the drugs in their pharmaceutical preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramzia I. El-Bagary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Ehab F. Elkady
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Bassam M. Ayoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, British University in Egypt, El-Sherouk city, Cairo 11837, Egypt
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31
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Abstract
Nanosized materials have tremendous application in every field of human activity, with a lot of economic benefit increasing nanoparticle research and use. There are number of nanosized products already available commercially and many others are in queue. Therefore, there is a pressing need for careful consideration of benefits and side effects of the use of nanoparticles in medicine. This research work aims at providing a balanced update of this exciting potentially toxicological effect of manufactured Metformin hydrochloride loaded polymeric nanoparticles. To assess the toxicities systematically on the functions of various tissues and organs in rats, the rats were fed with the manufactured polymeric nanoparticles for a period of 30 days repeated oral administration. Variation in the protein, carbohydrate and fat metabolic profile of the rat exposed to nanoparticles were studied by hematobiochemical and pathology profiles. The haemolytic potential of these nanoparticles were determined by means of an in vitro haemolysis assay. All formulations showed haemolytic effect less than 5%. The study revealed that Metformin loaded PMMA and PLGA polymeric nanoparticle did not produce any toxicity.
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El-Bagary RI, Elkady EF, Ayoub BM. Liquid chromatographic methods for the determination of vildagliptin in the presence of its synthetic intermediate and the simultaneous determination of pioglitazone hydrochloride and metformin hydrochloride. Int J Biomed Sci 2011; 7:201-8. [PMID: 23675237 PMCID: PMC3614836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Two reversed-phase liquid chromatographic (RP-LC) methods are described for the determination of two binary mixtures of hypoglycemic agents. In the first method, vildagliptin (VDG) was determined in the presence of 3-amino-1-adamantanol (AAD), a synthetic intermediate and impurity of VDG. In the second method, pioglitazone hydrochloride (PGZ) and metformin hydrochloride (MET) were simultaneously determined in their binary mixture. Chromatographic separation in the two methods was achieved on a Symmetry(®) Waters C18 column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm). In the first mixture, isocratic elution using a mobile phase of potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer pH (4.6) - acetonitrile - methanol (30:50:20, v/v/v) at a flow rate of 1 mL min(-1) with UV detection at 220 nm was performed. In the second method, isocratic elution based on potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer pH (4.6) - acetonitrile (60:40, v/v) at a flow rate of 1 mL min(-1) with UV detection at 210 nm was performed. Linearity, accuracy and precision were found to be acceptable over the concentration ranges of 5-200 μg mL(-1), 0.5-3 μg mL(-1) and 10-150 μg mL(-1) for VDG, PGZ and MET, respectively. The optimized methods were validated and proved to be specific, robust, precise and accurate for the quality control of the drugs in their pharmaceutical preparations.
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Sahoo PK, Sharma R, Chaturvedi SC. Simultaneous Estimation of Metformin Hydrochloride and Pioglitazone Hydrochloride by RPHPLC Method from Combined Tablet Dosage Form. Indian J Pharm Sci 2011; 70:383-6. [PMID: 20046754 PMCID: PMC2792515 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.43010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2007] [Revised: 12/20/2007] [Accepted: 06/18/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
A high performance reverse phase liquid chromatographic procedure is developed for simultaneous estimation of metformin hydrochloride and pioglitazone hydrochloride in combined tablet dosage form. The mobile phase used was a combination of acetonitrile:water:acetic acid (60:40:0.3) and the pH was adjusted to 5.5 by adding triethylamine. The detection of the combined dosage form was carried out at 230 nm and a flow rate employed was 1 ml/min. Linearity was obtained in the concentration range of 0.015 to 0.120 μg/ml of pioglitazone hydrochloride and 0.5 to 4.0 μg/ml of metformin hydrochloride with a correlation coefficient of 0.9992 and 0.9975. The results of the analysis were validated statistically and recovery studies confirmed the accuracy and precision of the proposed method.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Sahoo
- School of Pharmacy, Devi Ahilya Vishwa Vidyalaya, Takshashila Campus, Khandwa Road (Ring Road), Indore-452 017, India
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Bhoyar PK, Biyani DM. Formulation and In vitro Evaluation of Sustained Release Dosage Form with Taste Masking of Metformin Hydrochloride. Indian J Pharm Sci 2011; 72:184-90. [PMID: 20838521 PMCID: PMC2929776 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.65031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2009] [Revised: 11/20/2009] [Accepted: 02/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
An attempt was made to sustain the release of metformin HCl as well as to mask the bitter taste by complexation technique using strong cation-exchange resins, indion 244 and indion 264. The drug loading onto ion-exchange resin was optimized for mixing time, activation, effect of pH, mode of mixing, ratio of drug:resin and temperature. The resinate was evaluated for micromeritic properties, taste masking and characterized using XRPD and IR. Using resinate sustained release tablets were formulated using hydoxypropylmethylcellulose K100M.The tablets were evaluated for hardness, thickness, friability, drug content, weight variation and in vitro drug release. Tablets thus formulated (Batch B-6) provided sustained release of drug over a period of 10 h with first order kinetics. The release of metformin HCl from resinate controls the diffusion of drug molecules through the polymeric material into aqueous medium. Results showed that metformin HCl was successfully taste masked and formulated into a sustained dosage form as an alternative to the conventional tablet.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Bhoyar
- S. K. B. College of Pharmacy, New Kamptee, Nagpur-441 002, India
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Kar M, Choudhury PK. HPLC method for estimation of metformin hydrochloride in formulated microspheres and tablet dosage form. Indian J Pharm Sci 2011; 71:318-20. [PMID: 20490303 PMCID: PMC2865795 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.56031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2008] [Revised: 02/09/2009] [Accepted: 06/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple, accurate, economical and reproducible HPLC method has been developed for quantitative estimation of metformin hydrochloride from tablet dosage form and formulated microspheres. The developed HPLC method is a reverse phase chromatographic method using phenomenex C(18) column and acetonitrile:phosphate buffer (65:35) pH adjusted to 5.75 with o-phosphoric acid as mobile phase and glipizide as internal standard. The linearity was observed in concentration range of 0-25 mug/ml for metformin hydrochloride. Results of analysis were validated statistically and by recovery studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousumi Kar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mohan Lal Sukhadia University, Udaipur-313 001, India
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Abstract
Metformin hydrochloride is an oral antidiabetic biguinide agent, used in the management of non-insulin-dependent (type-2) diabetes mellitus. The purpose of present work was to formulate tasteless complexes of metformin hydrochloride with indion 234 and to evaluate molecular properties of drug complexes. The drug loading onto ion-exchange resin was optimized for mixing time, activation, effect of pH, mode of mixing, ratio of drug to resin, and temperature. Drug resin complexes (DRC) were evaluated for taste masking and characterized by x-ray diffraction study and infrared spectroscopy. Metformin hydrochloride release from DRC is obtained at salivary and gastric pH and in the presence of electrolytes. The efficient drug loading was evident in batch process using activated indion 234 with a pH of 3.5 and drug-resin ratio of 1:1.2, while temperature enhances the complexation process. Infrared spectroscopy revealed complexation of –NH (drug) with indion 234. DRC are amorphous in nature. Drug release from DRC in salivary pH was insufficient to impart bitter taste. Volunteers rated the complex as tasteless and agreeable. Complete drug release was observed at gastric pH in 3 h. The drug release was accelerated in the presence of electrolytes. Indion 234 is inexpensive, and the simple technique is effective for bitterness masking of metformin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pk Bhoyar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, S.K.B. College of Pharmacy, New Kamptee, Dist: Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
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