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Xu H, Xu X, Li S, Song WL, Yu DG, Annie Bligh SW. The Effect of Drug Heterogeneous Distributions within Core-Sheath Nanostructures on Its Sustained Release Profiles. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1330. [PMID: 34572545 PMCID: PMC8469915 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The sustained release of a water-soluble drug is always a key and important issue in pharmaceutics. In this study, using cellulose acetate (CA) as a biomacromolecular matrix, core-sheath nanofibers were developed for providing a sustained release of a model drug-metformin hydrochloride (MET). The core-sheath nanofibers were fabricated using modified tri-axial electrospinning, in which a detachable homemade spinneret was explored. A process-nanostructure-performance relationship was demonstrated through a series of characterizations. The prepared nanofibers F2 could release 95% of the loaded MET through a time period of 23.4 h and had no initial burst effect. The successful sustained release performances of MET can be attributed to the following factors: (1) the reasonable application of insoluble CA as the filament-forming carrier, which determined that the drug was released through a diffusion manner; (2) the core-sheath nanostructure provided the possibility of both encapsulating the drug completely and realizing the heterogeneous distributions of MET in the nanofibers with a higher drug load core than the sheath; (3) the thickness of the sheath sections were able to be exploited for further manipulating a better drug extended release performance. The mechanisms for manipulating the drug sustained release behaviors are proposed. The present proof-of-concept protocols can pave a new way to develop many novel biomolecule-based nanostructures for extending the release of water-soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (H.X.); (X.X.); (S.L.); (W.-L.S.)
| | - Xizi Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (H.X.); (X.X.); (S.L.); (W.-L.S.)
| | - Siyu Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (H.X.); (X.X.); (S.L.); (W.-L.S.)
| | - Wen-Liang Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (H.X.); (X.X.); (S.L.); (W.-L.S.)
| | - Deng-Guang Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (H.X.); (X.X.); (S.L.); (W.-L.S.)
- Shanghai Engineering Technology Research Center for High-Performance Medical Device Materials, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - S. W. Annie Bligh
- School of Health Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong 999077, China
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2
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Sahuri-Arisoylu M, Mould RR, Shinjyo N, Bligh SWA, Nunn AVW, Guy GW, Thomas EL, Bell JD. Acetate Induces Growth Arrest in Colon Cancer Cells Through Modulation of Mitochondrial Function. Front Nutr 2021; 8:588466. [PMID: 33937302 PMCID: PMC8081909 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.588466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetate is one of the main short chain fatty acids produced in the colon when fermentable carbohydrates are digested. It has been shown to affect normal metabolism, modulating mitochondrial function, and fatty acid oxidation. Currently, there is no clear consensus regarding the effects of acetate on tumorigenesis and cancer metabolism. Here, we investigate the metabolic effects of acetate on colon cancer. HT29 and HCT116 colon cancer cell lines were treated with acetate and its effect on mitochondrial proliferation, reactive oxygen species, density, permeability transition pore, cellular bioenergetics, gene expression of acetyl-CoA synthetase 1 (ACSS1) and 2 (ACSS2), and lipid levels were investigated. Acetate was found to reduce proliferation of both cell lines under normoxia as well as reducing glycolysis; it was also found to increase both oxygen consumption and ROS levels. Cell death observed was independent of ACSS1/2 expression. Under hypoxic conditions, reduced proliferation was maintained in the HT29 cell line but no longer observed in the HCT116 cell line. ACSS2 expression together with cellular lipid levels was increased in both cell lines under hypoxia which may partly protect cells from the anti-proliferative effects of reversed Warburg effect caused by acetate. The findings from this study suggest that effect of acetate on proliferation is a consequence of its impact on mitochondrial metabolism and during normoxia is independent of ACCS1/2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meliz Sahuri-Arisoylu
- Research Centre of Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom.,Health Innovation Ecosystem, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rhys R Mould
- Research Centre of Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Noriko Shinjyo
- Research Centre of Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - S W Annie Bligh
- Research Centre of Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom.,School of Health Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alistair V W Nunn
- Research Centre of Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Geoffrey W Guy
- Research Centre of Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Louise Thomas
- Research Centre of Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jimmy D Bell
- Research Centre of Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
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3
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Wang D, Qi M, Yang Q, Tong R, Wang R, Bligh SWA, Yang L, Wang Z. Comprehensive metabolite profiling of Plantaginis Semen using ultra high performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry coupled with elevated energy technique. J Sep Sci 2018; 39:1842-52. [PMID: 27030316 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201501149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Plantaginis Semen is commonly used in traditional medicine to treat edema, hypertension, and diabetes. The commercially available Plantaginis Semen in China mainly comes from three species. To clarify the chemical composition and distinct different species of Plantaginis Semen, we established a metabolite profiling method based on ultra high performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry coupled with elevated energy technique. A total of 108 compounds, including phenylethanoid glycosides, flavonoids, guanidine derivatives, terpenoids, organic acids, and fatty acids, were identified from Plantago asiatica L., P. depressa Willd., and P. major L. Results showed significant differences in chemical components among the three species, particularly flavonoids. This study is the first to provide a comprehensive chemical profile of Plantaginis Semen, which could be involved into the quality control, medication guide, and developing new drug of Plantago seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Wang
- The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the STACM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Qi
- The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the STACM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiming Yang
- The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the STACM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Renchao Tong
- The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the STACM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Wang
- The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the STACM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - S W Annie Bligh
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London, UK
| | - Li Yang
- The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the STACM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Center for Chinese Medical Therapy and Systems Biology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the STACM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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4
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Henley AB, Yang L, Chuang KL, Sahuri-Arisoylu M, Wu LH, Bligh SWA, Bell JD. Withania somnifera Root Extract Enhances Chemotherapy through 'Priming'. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170917. [PMID: 28129345 PMCID: PMC5271386 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Withania somnifera extracts are known for their anti-cancerous, anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. One of their mechanisms of actions is to modulate mitochondrial function through increasing oxidative stress. Recently 'priming' has been suggested as a potential mechanism for enhancing cancer cell death. In this study we demonstrate that 'priming', in HT-29 colon cells, with W. somnifera root extract increased the potency of the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin. We have also showed the W. somnifera root extract enhanced mitochondrial dysfunction and that the underlying mechanism of 'priming' was selectively through increased ROS. Moreover, we showed that this effect was not seen in non-cancerous cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aine Brigette Henley
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Lin Chuang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Meliz Sahuri-Arisoylu
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Li-Hong Wu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - S. W. Annie Bligh
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jimmy David Bell
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
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5
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Jin
- UCL
School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, U.K
| | - Deng-Guang Yu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Carlos F. G. C. Geraldes
- Department
of Life Sciences and Coimbra Chemistry Center - CQC, Faculty of Science
and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3000-393 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Gareth R. Williams
- UCL
School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, U.K
| | - S. W. Annie Bligh
- Department
of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, U.K
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6
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Jin M, Yu DG, Wang X, Geraldes CFGC, Williams GR, Bligh SWA. Electrospun Contrast-Agent-Loaded Fibers for Colon-Targeted MRI. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:977-85. [PMID: 26899401 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201500872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging is a diagnostic tool used for detecting abnormal organs and tissues, often using Gd(III) complexes as contrast-enhancing agents. In this work, core-shell polymer fibers have been prepared using coaxial electrospinning, with the intent of delivering gadolinium (III) diethylenetriaminepentaacetate hydrate (Gd(DTPA)) selectively to the colon. The fibers comprise a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) core loaded with Gd(DTPA), and a Eudragit S100 shell. They are homogeneous, with distinct core-shell phases. The components in the fibers are dispersed in an amorphous fashion. The proton relaxivities of Gd(DTPA) are preserved after electrospinning. To permit easy visualization of the release of the active ingredient from the fibers, analogous materials are prepared loaded with the dye rhodamine B. Very little release is seen in a pH 1.0 buffer, while sustained release is seen at pH 7.4. The fibers thus have the potential to selectively deliver Gd(DTPA) to the colon. Mucoadhesion studies reveal there are strong adhesive forces between porcine colon mucosa and PEO from the core, and the dye-loaded fibers can be successfully used to image the porcine colon wall. The electrospun core-shell fibers prepared in this work can thus be developed as advanced functional materials for effective imaging of colonic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Jin
- UCL School of Pharmacy; University College London; 29-39 Brunswick Square; London WC1N 1AX UK
| | - Deng-Guang Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Shanghai for Science and Technology; Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Xia Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Shanghai for Science and Technology; Shanghai 200093 China
| | - Carlos F. G. C. Geraldes
- Department of Life Sciences and Coimbra Chemistry Center - CQC; Faculty of Science and Technology; University of Coimbra; Coimbra 3000-393 Portugal
| | - Gareth R. Williams
- UCL School of Pharmacy; University College London; 29-39 Brunswick Square; London WC1N 1AX UK
| | - S. W. Annie Bligh
- Faculty of Science and Technology; University of Westminster; 115 New Cavendish Street London W1W 6UW UK
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7
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Yu DG, Yang C, Jin M, Williams GR, Zou H, Wang X, Bligh SWA. Medicated Janus fibers fabricated using a Teflon-coated side-by-side spinneret. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 138:110-6. [PMID: 26674839 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 11/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A family of medicated Janus fibers that provides highly tunable biphasic drug release was fabricated using a side-by-side electrospinning process employing a Teflon-coated parallel spinneret. The coated spinneret facilitated the formation of a Janus Taylor cone and in turn high quality integrated Janus structures, which could not be reliably obtained without the Teflon coating. The fibers prepared had one side consisting of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) K60 and ketoprofen, and the other of ethyl cellulose (EC) and ketoprofen. To modulate and tune drug release, PVP K10 was doped into the EC side in some cases. The fibers were linear and had flat morphologies with an indent in the center. They provide biphasic drug release, with the PVP K60 side dissolving very rapidly to deliver a loading dose of the active ingredient, and the EC side resulting in sustained release of the remaining ketoprofen. The addition of PVP K10 to the EC side was able to accelerate the second stage of release; variation in the dopant amount permitted the release rate and extent this phase to be precisely tuned. These results offer the potential to rationally design systems with highly controllable drug release profiles, which can complement natural biological rhythms and deliver maximum therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng-Guang Yu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Chen Yang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Miao Jin
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Gareth R Williams
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Hua Zou
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xia Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - S W Annie Bligh
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK.
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8
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Jin M, Spillane DEM, Geraldes CFGC, Williams GR, Bligh SWA. Gd(III) complexes intercalated into hydroxy double salts as potential MRI contrast agents. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:20728-34. [PMID: 26568157 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt03433g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The ion exchange intercalation of two Gd-based magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents into hydroxy double salts (HDSs) is reported. The presence of Gd(3+) diethylenetriaminepentaacetate and Gd(3+) diethylenetriaminepenta(methylenephosphonate) complexes in the HDS lattice after intercalation was confirmed by microwave plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy. The structural aspects of the HDS-Gd composites were studied by X-ray diffraction, with the intercalates having an interlayer spacing of 14.5-18.6 Å. Infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of characteristic vibration peaks associated with the Gd(3+) complexes in the intercalation compounds. The proton relaxivities of the Gd(3+) complex-loaded composites were 2 to 5-fold higher in longitudinal relaxivity, and up to 10-fold higher in transverse relaxivity, compared to solutions of the pure complexes. These data demonstrate that the new composites reported here are potentially potent MRI contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Jin
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK.
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9
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Lv Y, Tao L, Annie Bligh SW, Yang H, Pan Q, Zhu L. Targeted delivery and controlled release of doxorubicin into cancer cells using a multifunctional graphene oxide. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2015; 59:652-660. [PMID: 26652419 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.10.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We have synthesized a new multifunctional graphene oxide as a drug carrier targeting to hepatocarcinoma cells. Surface modified graphene oxide with polyethyleneimine (PEI) sequentially derivatised with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FI) and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-linked lactobionic acid (LA), and acetylation of remaining terminal amines of the PEI produced a new multifunctional graphene oxide drug carrier (GO/PEI.Ac-FI-PEG-LA). Doxorubicin (DOX), an anticancer drug, was encapsulated in GO/PEI.Ac-FI-PEG-LA to give GO/PEI.Ac-FI-PEG-LA/DOX, with a drug loading percentage of 85%. We showed that both GO/PEI.Ac-FI-PEG-LA and GO/PEI.Ac-FI-PEG-LA/DOX were water soluble and stable between pH 5.0 and 9.0. In vitro release studies indicated that the release rate of DOX from GO/PEI.Ac-FI-PEG-LA/DOX complexes were significantly higher at pH5.8 than that of the physiological pH. Another important feature of this carrier is its good cell viability in the tested concentration range (0-4μM), and the GO/PEI.Ac-FI-PEG-LA/DOX can specifically target cancer cells overexpressing asialoglycoprotein (ASGPR) receptors and exert growth inhibition effect to the cancer cells. The enhanced target specificity and the substantial improvement in pH responsive controlled release have made this new carrier a potential choice for non-covalent encapsulation of drugs in GO, and a delivery system for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Lv
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Lei Tao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - S W Annie Bligh
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK
| | - Huihui Yang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Qixia Pan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Limin Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China.
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Yu DG, Li XY, Wang X, Yang JH, Bligh SWA, Williams GR. Nanofibers Fabricated Using Triaxial Electrospinning as Zero Order Drug Delivery Systems. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015; 7:18891-18897. [PMID: 26244640 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b06007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A new strategy for creating functional trilayer nanofibers through triaxial electrospinning is demonstrated. Ethyl cellulose (EC) was used as the filament-forming matrix in the outer, middle, and inner working solutions and was combined with varied contents of the model active ingredient ketoprofen (KET) in the three fluids. Triaxial electrospinning was successfully carried out to generate medicated nanofibers. The resultant nanofibers had diameters of 0.74 ± 0.06 μm, linear morphologies, smooth surfaces, and clear trilayer nanostructures. The KET concentration in each layer gradually increased from the outer to the inner layer. In vitro dissolution tests demonstrated that the nanofibers could provide linear release of KET over 20 h. The protocol reported in this study thus provides a facile approach to creating functional nanofibers with sophisticated structural features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng-Guang Yu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology , 516 Jungong Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Li
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology , 516 Jungong Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xia Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology , 516 Jungong Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Jun-He Yang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology , 516 Jungong Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - S W Annie Bligh
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster , 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, U.K
| | - Gareth R Williams
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London , 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, U.K
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11
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Li P, Qi M, Hu H, Liu Q, Yang Q, Wang D, Guo F, Bligh SWA, Wang Z, Yang L. Structure–inhibition relationship of phenylethanoid glycosides on angiotensin-converting enzyme using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra05027h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The structure–inhibition relationship of phenylethanoid glycosides against ACE was investigated by an improved UPLC-MS/MS method. The number of hydroxyl groups and structural steric hindrance were critical for the ACEI of phenylethanoid glycosides.
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12
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Han H, Zeng W, He C, Bligh SWA, Liu Q, Yang L, Wang Z. Characterization of metabolites of sweroside in rat urine using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. J Mass Spectrom 2014; 49:1108-1116. [PMID: 25395126 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Revised: 06/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Sweroside, a major active iridoid in Swertia pseudochinensis Hara, is recognized as an effective agent in the treatment of liver injury. Based on previous reports, the relatively short half-life (64 min) and poor bioavailability (approximately 0.31%) in rats suggested that not only sweroside itself but also its metabolites could be responsible for the observed hepato-protective effect. However, few studies have been carried out on the metabolism of sweroside. Therefore, the present study aimed at identifying the metabolites of sweroside in rat urine after a single oral dose (100 mg/kg). With ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS), the metabolic profile revealed 11 metabolites in rat urine, including phase I, phase II and aglycone-related products. The chemical structures of metabolites were proposed based on accurate mass measurements of protonated or deprotonated molecules and their fragmentation patterns. Our findings showed that the aglycone of sweroside (M05) and its glucuronide conjugate (M06) were principal circulating metabolites in rats. While several other metabolic transformations, occurring via reduction, N-heterocyclization and N-acetylation after deglycosylation, were also observed. Two metabolites (M05 and M06) were isolated from the rat urine for structural elucidation and identifcation of reaction sites. Both M05 and M06 were characterized by (1)H, (13)C and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS analysis has provided an important analytical platform to gather metabolic profile of sweroside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Han
- The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the State Administration of TCM (SATCM) Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201210, PR China
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13
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Li X, Jiang J, Shi S, Bligh SWA, Li Y, Jiang Y, Huang D, Ke Y, Wang S. A RG-II type polysaccharide purified from Aconitum coreanum alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation by inhibiting the NF-κB signal pathway. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99697. [PMID: 24927178 PMCID: PMC4057409 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Korean mondshood root polysaccharides (KMPS) isolated from the root of Aconitum coreanum (Lévl.) Rapaics have shown anti-inflammatory activity, which is strongly influenced by their chemical structures and chain conformations. However, the mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory effect by these polysaccharides have yet to be elucidated. A RG-II polysaccharide (KMPS-2E, Mw 84.8 kDa) was isolated from KMPS and its chemical structure was characterized by FT-IR and NMR spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography. The backbone of KMPS-2E consisted of units of [→6) -β-D-Galp (1→3)-β-L-Rhap-(1→4)-β-D-GalpA-(1→3)-β-D-Galp-(1→] with the side chain →5)-β-D-Arap (1→3, 5)-β-D-Arap (1→ attached to the backbone through O-4 of (1→3,4)-L-Rhap. T-β-D-Galp is attached to the backbone through O-6 of (1→3,6)-β-D-Galp residues and T-β-D-Ara is connected to the end group of each chain. The anti-inflammatory effects of KMPS-2E and the underlying mechanisms using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and carrageenan-induced hind paw edema were investigated. KMPS-2E (50, 100 and 200 µg/mL) inhibits iNOS, TLR4, phospho-NF-κB-p65 expression, phosphor-IKK, phosphor-IκB-α expression as well as the degradation of IκB-α and the gene expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS and IL-6) mediated by the NF-κB signal pathways in macrophages. KMPS-2E also inhibited LPS-induced activation of NF-κB as assayed by electrophorectic mobility shift assay (EMSA) in a dose-dependent manner and it reduced NF-κB DNA binding affinity by 62.1% at 200 µg/mL. In rats, KMPS-2E (200 mg/kg) can significantly inhibit carrageenan-induced paw edema as ibuprofen (200 mg/kg) within 3 h after a single oral dose. The results indicate that KMPS-2E is a promising herb-derived drug against acute inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Li
- Teaching Experimental Center, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaye Jiang
- Teaching Experimental Center, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Songshan Shi
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, China
| | - S. W. Annie Bligh
- Department of Complementary Medicine, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, Westminster, United Kingdom
| | - Yuan Li
- Teaching Experimental Center, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongbo Jiang
- Teaching Experimental Center, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Huang
- Teaching Experimental Center, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Ke
- Teaching Experimental Center, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shunchun Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, China
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Wang H, Wei G, Liu F, Banerjee G, Joshi M, Bligh SWA, Shi S, Lian H, Fan H, Gu X, Wang S. Characterization of two homogalacturonan pectins with immunomodulatory activity from green tea. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:9963-78. [PMID: 24901527 PMCID: PMC4100133 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15069963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Two natural homogalacturonan (HG) pectins (MW ca. 20 kDa) were isolated from green tea based on their immunomodulatory activity. The crude tea polysaccharides (TPS1 and TPS2) were obtained from green tea leaves by hot water extraction and followed by 40% and 70% ethanol precipitation, respectively. Two homogenous water soluble polysaccharides (TPS1-2a and TPS1-2b) were obtained from TPS1 after purification with gel permeation, which gave a higher phagocytic effect than TPS2. A combination of composition, methylation and configuration analyses, as well as NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopy revealed that TPS1-2a and TPS1-2b were homogalacturonan (HG) pectins consisting of a backbone of 1,4-linked α-D-galacturonic acid (GalA) residues with 28.4% and 26.1% of carboxyl groups as methyl ester, respectively. The immunological assay results demonstrated that TPS1-2, which consisted mainly of HG pectins, showed phagocytosis-enhancing activity in HL-60 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Guodong Wei
- Unilever R&D Shanghai, 66 Lin Xin Road, Linkong Economic Development Zone, Shanghai 200335, China.
| | - Fei Liu
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Gautam Banerjee
- Unilever R&D Bangalore, 66 Main Road, Whitefield, Bangalore 560066, India.
| | - Manoj Joshi
- Unilever R&D Bangalore, 66 Main Road, Whitefield, Bangalore 560066, India.
| | - S W Annie Bligh
- Department of Complementary Medicine, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK.
| | - Songshan Shi
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Hui Lian
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Hongwei Fan
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Xuelan Gu
- Unilever R&D Shanghai, 66 Lin Xin Road, Linkong Economic Development Zone, Shanghai 200335, China.
| | - Shunchun Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
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15
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Cui L, Liu ZP, Yu DG, Zhang SP, Bligh SWA, Zhao N. Electrosprayed core-shell nanoparticles of PVP and shellac for furnishing biphasic controlled release of ferulic acid. Colloid Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-014-3226-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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He C, Li J, Wang R, Li Z, Bligh SWA, Yang L, Wang Z. Metabolic profiles of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol in rats after oral administration using ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2014; 28:595-604. [PMID: 24519822 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol (PPD), a dammarane-type triterpenoid sapogenin, acts as the pharmacophore of ginsenosides which are considered as the principal bioactive components in Chinese ginseng. To fully understand the mechanism of action of PPD, it is important to study its metabolic profiles in vivo. METHODS Plasma, urine, fece and bile were collected after administration of PPD formulated in 0.5% aqueous Tween-80 to rats (150 mg/kg). Samples were analyzed by using a sensitive and reliable method based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS/MS) in both positive and negative ion mode. The chemical structures of metabolites were elucidated by comparing the retention time, accurate molecular mass, and fragmentation patterns of analytes with those of PPD. RESULTS In total 29 metabolites, including 10 new metabolites (M20-M29), were tentatively identified and characterized. Among them, two metabolites (M3 and M4) were unambiguously identified by matching their retention times and fragmentation patterns with their standards. Principal metabolites, namely, 20, 24-oxide metabolites (M3 and M4), 26/27-carboxylic acid derivatives (M22 and M23) and a glucuronidated product (M28), were found in the rat plasma. CONCLUSIONS The results showed that phase I metabolites are monooxygenation, dioxygenation and oxidative dehydrogenation metabolites, and phase II metabolic pathways were demonstrated to be cysteine conjugation and glucuronidation. The newly identified metabolites are useful to understand the mechanism of elimination of PPD and, in turn, its effectiveness and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyong He
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210038, China
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17
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Sun K, Bligh SWA, Nie HL, Quan J, Zhu LM. Lectin recognizing thermoresponsive double hydrophilic glycopolymer micelles by RAFT polymerization. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra04874a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermoresponsive double hydrophilic block glycopolymer micelles can recognize lectin on the different temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Sun
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
- Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - S. W. Annie Bligh
- Department of Life Sciences
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- University of Westminster
- London W1W 6UW, UK
| | - Hua-li Nie
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
- Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jing Quan
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
- Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Li-min Zhu
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
- Shanghai, P.R. China
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18
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Pan X, Bligh SWA, Smith E. Quinolone Alkaloids from Fructus Euodiae Show Activity Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Phytother Res 2013; 28:305-7. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobei Pan
- School of Human Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Computing; London Metropolitan University; 166-220 Holloway Road London N7 8DB UK
| | - S. W. Annie Bligh
- School of Human Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Computing; London Metropolitan University; 166-220 Holloway Road London N7 8DB UK
| | - Eileen Smith
- School of Human Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Computing; London Metropolitan University; 166-220 Holloway Road London N7 8DB UK
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Wardle NJ, Hudson HR, Matthews RW, Nunn CM, Vella C, Bligh SWA. Enhanced replication of R5 HIV-1 isolates in vitro by a small-molecule reagent targeting HIV-1 protease. ChemMedChem 2013; 8:719-21. [PMID: 23509042 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201300051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
CHEMICAL ENHANCEMENT: Designed to target HIV-1 protease, a novel γ-hydroxyphosphonate has been found to significantly enhance viral replication in a panel of clinically relevant R5 HIV-1 isolates. This unexpected result constitutes the first instance of a small molecule capable of doing this, and it has implications for the preparation and use of R5 isolates in vaccine and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick J Wardle
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, London Metropolitan University, 166-220 Holloway Rd, London N7 8DB, UK.
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20
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Yu DG, Liu F, Cui L, Liu ZP, Wang X, Bligh SWA. Coaxial electrospinning using a concentric Teflon spinneret to prepare biphasic-release nanofibers of helicid. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra43222j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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21
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Chen G, Wardle NJ, Sarris J, Chatterton NP, Bligh SWA. Sensitized terbium(iii) macrocyclic-phthalimide complexes as luminescent pH switches. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:14115-24. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt51236c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Pan X, Hartley JM, Hartley JA, White KN, Wang Z, Bligh SWA. Evodiamine, a dual catalytic inhibitor of type I and II topoisomerases, exhibits enhanced inhibition against camptothecin resistant cells. Phytomedicine 2012; 19:618-624. [PMID: 22402246 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2012.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2011] [Revised: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/03/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
DNA topoisomerases are nuclear enzymes that are the targets for several anticancer drugs. In this study we investigated the antiproliferative activity against human leukaemia cell lines and the effects on topoisomerase I and II of evodiamine, which is a quinazolinocarboline alkaloid isolated from the fruit of a traditional Chinese medicinal plant, Evodia rutaecarpa. We report here the anti-proliferative activity against human leukaemia cells K562, THP-1, CCRF-CEM and CCRF-CEM/C1 and the inhibitory mechanism on human topoisomerases I and II, important anti-cancer drugs targets, of evodiamine. Evodiamine failed to trap [Topo-DNA] complexes and induce any detectable DNA damage in cells, was unable to bind or intercalate DNA, and arrested cells in the G(2)/M phase. The results suggest evodiamine is a dual catalytic inhibitor of topoisomerases I and II, with IC(50) of 60.74 and 78.81 μM, respectively. The improved toxicity towards camptothecin resistant cells further supports its inhibitory mechanism which is different from camptothecin, and its therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobei Pan
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, London Metropolitan University, London, UK
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23
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Chen JZ, Chou GX, Yang L, Bligh SWA, Wang ZT. QUANTIFICATION OF NORISOBOLDINE IN LINDERAE RADIX BY ULTRA-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY AND HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH UV DETECTION. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2011.608236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Zhong Chen
- a The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai , China
- b School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Fuzhou , China
| | - Gui-Xin Chou
- a The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai , China
- c Shanghai R & D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines , Shanghai , China
| | - Li Yang
- a The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - S. W. Annie Bligh
- d Institute for Health Research and Policy, London Metropolitan University , London , UK
| | - Zheng-Tao Wang
- a The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai , China
- c Shanghai R & D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines , Shanghai , China
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Yeh JC, Garrard IJ, Cho CWC, Annie Bligh SW, Lu GH, Fan TP, Fisher D. Bioactivity-guided fractionation of the volatile oil of Angelica sinensis radix designed to preserve the synergistic effects of the mixture followed by identification of the active principles. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1236:132-8. [PMID: 22458966 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Revised: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In natural product research, it is a common experience that fractionation of biologically-active crude extracts can lead to the loss of their original activity. This is attributed to synergistic effects, where two or more components are required to be present together for full activity of the sample. Our previous study showed that a volatile oil of Angelica sinensis radix (VOAS) inhibited endothelial cell proliferation in culture. Here we have used a bioactivity-guided fractionation method to preserve any synergistic effects of VOAS combining countercurrent chromatography (CCC), the MTS cell viability assay and gas chromatography (GC). Using a two-phase CCC solvent system (heptane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water at a volume ratio of 27:23:27:23%), forty-five fractions were isolated, nine of which exhibited anti-endothelial properties. GC analysis showed two bioactive alkylphthalides, Z-ligustilide and n-butylidenephthalide (BP) were the major compounds detected in the bioactive fractions, and were absent in non-bioactive fractions. Our results indicate that Z-ligustilide and BP are the main constituents responsible for the anti-endothelial properties of VOAS. This rapid and reliable approach in preserving sample activity while isolating and identifying its active compounds suggests that this protocol can be a powerful tool for drug discovery from natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Ching Yeh
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK
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25
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26
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Han H, Yang L, Xu Y, Ding Y, Bligh SWA, Zhang T, Wang Z. Identification of metabolites of geniposide in rat urine using ultra-performance liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2011; 25:3339-3350. [PMID: 22006398 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.5216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Geniposide, an iridoid glycoside, is an important and characteristic compound in the fruits of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, a commonly used medicinal herb in Chinese traditional and folk medicine for the treatment of inflammation and jaundice. However, few studies have been carried out on the metabolism of geniposide. In this study, we have established a rapid and sensitive method using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/ESI-QTOF-MS) for analysis of the metabolic profile of geniposide in rat urine after oral administration. A total of ten metabolites were detected and identified by comparing their fragmentation patterns with that of geniposide using Metabolynx™ and MassFragment™ software tools. The results revealed that the principal metabolism pathways of geniposide in rat occurred after deglycosylation of the irdoid glycoside take place and this is followed by glucuronidation and the pyran-ring cleavages. The major metabolite, the glucuronic acid conjugate of genipin as observed in vivo, was further confirmed by the in vitro enzymatic study. The results of this work have demonstrated the feasibility of the UPLC/ESI-QTOF-MS approach for rapid and reliable characterization of metabolites from iridoid compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Han
- The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China
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Cooke BR, Bligh SWA, Cybulski ZR, Ioannides C, Hall M. Debrisoquine metabolism and CYP2D expression in marmoset liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos 2011; 40:70-5. [PMID: 21976620 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.111.041566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to define CYP2D enzymes in marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) liver microsomes, both at the activity level using debrisoquine as the model substrate and at the protein level using antibodies raised to human CYP2D6. Marmoset liver microsomes were incubated with [(14)C]debrisoquine, and the structure of the generated metabolites was determined using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and NMR. Marmoset liver microsomes were very effective in hydroxylating debrisoquine at various positions. Although 4-hydroxydebrisoquine was formed, in contrast to rat and human it was only a minor metabolite. Debrisoquine was more extensively hydroxylated in the 7, 5, 6, and 8 positions. In addition to the monohydroxylated metabolites, a dihydroxy metabolite, namely 6,7-dihydroxydebrisoquine, was identified. Finally, metabolites that had undergone ring opening were also detected but were not investigated further. Antibodies to CYP2D6 immunoreacted with protein in marmoset and human but not rat hepatic microsomes. In conclusion, we demonstrate that marmoset liver microsomes are effective in hydroxylating debrisoquine at various positions and that they contain a protein that is immunorelated to human CYP2D6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian R Cooke
- Department of In Vitro Metabolism, Huntingdon Life Sciences Ltd., Woolley Road, Alconbury, Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire, PE28 4HS, UK
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28
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Ogegbo OL, Dissanyake W, Crowder J, Asekun O, Familoni O, Branford-White CJ, Annie Bligh SW. Urinary 1
H-NMR Metabonomics Study on Intervention Effects of Soya Milk in Africans. Phytother Res 2011; 26:127-35. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Accepted: 05/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Olumuyiwa L. Ogegbo
- Institute for Health Research and Policy; London Metropolitan University; 166-220 Holloway Road London N7 8DB UK
| | - Wimal Dissanyake
- Institute for Health Research and Policy; London Metropolitan University; 166-220 Holloway Road London N7 8DB UK
| | - John Crowder
- Institute for Health Research and Policy; London Metropolitan University; 166-220 Holloway Road London N7 8DB UK
| | - Olayinka Asekun
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science, University of Lagos; Akoka Lagos Nigeria
| | - Oluwole Familoni
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science, University of Lagos; Akoka Lagos Nigeria
| | | | - S. W. Annie Bligh
- Institute for Health Research and Policy; London Metropolitan University; 166-220 Holloway Road London N7 8DB UK
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Yu DG, Zhu LM, Bligh SWA, Branford-White C, White KN. Coaxial electrospinning with organic solvent for controlling the size of self-assembled nanoparticles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:1216-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc03521a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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30
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Cheng XM, Zhao T, Yang T, Wang CH, Bligh SWA, Wang ZT. HPLC fingerprints combined with principal component analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis and linear discriminant analysis for the classification and differentiation of Peganum sp. indigenous to China. Phytochem Anal 2010; 21:279-289. [PMID: 20020435 DOI: 10.1002/pca.1198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Seeds of wild Peganum harmala Linn., P. multisectum (Maxim) Bobr., P. nigellastrum Bunge and a probable indeterminate species, herein referred to as P. variety, are commonly used in Chinese medicine. These seeds cannot be differentiated based on morphology. OBJECTIVE Seeds of P. harmala Linn., P. multisectum (Maxim) Bobr., P. nigellastrum Bunge and P. variety were collected in different provinces in China and their HPLC profiles were recorded for statistical analysis and pattern recognition.Methodology - HPLC chromatograms of seed extracts were recorded under the same conditions. Individual HPLC chromatograms for each species were evaluated against the mean chromatogram for the same species generated using a similarity evaluation computer program. Data from chromatographic fingerprints were also processed using principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). RESULTS The Peganum sp. seed extracts had similar HPLC fingerprints but with some inter-specific differences. The chromatographic fingerprints combined with PCA, HCA and LDA could distinguish the seeds of the different species of Peganum investigated. CONCLUSION HPLC fingerprints can be used to authenticate and differentiate the seeds of three different species of genus Peganum indigenous to China. The results indicated that the unidentified P. variety might indeed be a new species or variety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-mei Cheng
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardisation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201210, China
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Xiong A, Yang L, He Y, Zhang F, Wang J, Han H, Wang C, Bligh SWA, Wang Z. Identification of metabolites of adonifoline, a hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloid, by liquid chromatography/tandem and high-resolution mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2009; 23:3907-3916. [PMID: 19918941 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloid (HPA)-containing plants have always been a threat to human and livestock health worldwide. Adonifoline, a main HPA in Senecio scandens Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don (Qianli guang), was used officially as an infusion in cases of oral and pharyngeal infections in China. In this study in vivo metabolism of adonifoline was studied for the first time by identifying the metabolites of adonifoline present in bile, urine and feces of rats using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS(n)) (ion trap) as well as liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-HRMS) (quadrupole-time of flight). In total 19 metabolites were identified and, among them, retronecine-N-oxides were confirmed by matching their fragmentation patterns with their fully characterized synthetic compounds. These metabolites are all involved in both phase I and phase II metabolic processes and the principal in vivo metabolism pathways of adonifoline were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aizhen Xiong
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China
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Yu DG, Shen XX, Branford-White C, White K, Zhu LM, Bligh SWA. Oral fast-dissolving drug delivery membranes prepared from electrospun polyvinylpyrrolidone ultrafine fibers. Nanotechnology 2009; 20:055104. [PMID: 19417335 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/20/5/055104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Oral fast-dissolving drug delivery membranes (FDMs) for poorly water-soluble drugs were prepared via electrospinning technology with ibuprofen as the model drug and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) K30 as the filament-forming polymer and drug carrier. Results from differential scanning calorimetry, x-ray diffraction, and morphological observations demonstrated that ibuprofen was distributed in the ultrafine fibers in the form of nanosolid dispersions and the physical status of drug was an amorphous or molecular form, different from that of the pure drug and a physical mixture of PVP and ibuprofen. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy results illustrated that the main interactions between PVP and ibuprofen were mediated through hydrogen bonding. Pharmacotechnical tests showed that FDMs with different drug contents had almost the same wetting and disintegrating times, about 15 and 8 s, respectively, but significantly different drug dissolution rates due to the different physical status of the drug and the different drug-release-controlled mechanisms. 84.9% and 58.7% of ibuprofen was released in the first 20 s for FDMs with a drug-to-PVP ratio of 1:4 and 1:2, respectively. Electrospun ultrafine fibers have the potential to be used as solid dispersions to improve the dissolution profiles of poorly water-soluble drugs or as oral fast disintegrating drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng-Guang Yu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
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Wardle NJ, Bligh SWA, Hudson HR. Organophosphorus compounds: intervention in mechanisms of signal transduction relevant to proliferative, immunological and circulatory disorders. Curr Med Chem 2008; 15:2230-57. [PMID: 18781946 DOI: 10.2174/092986708785747517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Literature publications reporting the development of organophosphorus compounds, targeting aspects of signal transduction to the titled therapeutic ends, are reviewed. With respect to extracellular targets, the development of ligands to purinergic (P2), and endothelial differentiation-gene receptors (of S1P- and LPA-receptor subtypes) is charted, along with inhibitors of the production and release of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). Reported also are inhibitors of the ectoenzymes aminopeptidase N, aminopeptidase A and dipeptidyl peptidase IV, the proteolytic enzyme thrombin, ligands to "apoptosis-receptors" and gammadelta T-cell activators. In addition, disruption of intracellular signalling chains mediated through reversible coupling of proteins via phosphorylation of Tyr residues and docking of pTyr residues in SH2-binding domains is covered. In particular, the development of ligands to SH2-binding domains in tyrosine kinases Src and lck, adaptor protein Grb2, and also ZAP70 protein are reported along with inhibitors to relevant phosphatases. SAR studies of ligands to Ins(1,4,5)-P3- and ryanodine-type receptors of intracellular Ca2+-storage organelles are described including analogues to secondary messengers cyclic-ADP-ribose (cADPR) and myo-inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate. Inhibitors of phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and sphingomyelinase are also reported, as are inhibitors of farnesyl transferase, the enzyme involved in protein-prenylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick J Wardle
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, London Metropolitan University, 166-220 Holloway Road London, UK N7 8DB
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Liu JQ, Zhang M, Zhang CF, Qi HY, Bashall A, Bligh SWA, Wang ZT. Cytotoxic sesquiterpenes from Ligularia platyglossa. Phytochemistry 2008; 69:2231-2236. [PMID: 18606426 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2007] [Revised: 04/25/2008] [Accepted: 05/28/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Four sesquiterpene lactones including an eremophilenolide dimer, named as biligulaplenolide, 1, 8beta-hydroxy-1-oxo-(14alpha,15alpha eremophil-7(11),9(10)-dien-12,8alpha-olide, 2, 1-hydroxy-2-oxo-(14alpha,15alpha eremophil-1(10),7(11),8(9)-trien-12,8-olide, 3, 4alpha,8beta,9alpha-trihydroxy- 5alphaEta-7(11)-eudesmen-12,8alpha-olide, 4, along with two known ones, 10alpha-hydroxy-1-oxo-eremophil-7(11),8(9)-dien-12,8-olide, 5, and furanoeremophil-1(10)-ene-2,9-dione, 6, were isolated from the underground organs of Ligularia platyglossa (Franch.) Hand.-Mazz. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis (2 and 3). Their in vitro cytotoxicities against seven cancer cell lines (BGC-823, A549, HL-60, B16, SMMC-7721, BEL7402, Hela) were evaluated. Compounds 2, 3, 5 showed cytotoxic activities on HL-60 cancer cells with IC50 in the range of 24.0 to 51.1 microM, whereas compound 3 exhibited only weak cytotoxic activity against the B16, BEL7402 and Hela cancer cells. Flow cytometric analysis indicated that compound 3 induces Hela cells to apoptotic death after 48 h treatment with 0.38 mM of this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Qun Liu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.1 Shen Non Road, Nanjing 210038, Jiangsu Province, PR China
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Wang Y, Yang L, He YQ, Wang CH, Welbeck EW, Bligh SWA, Wang ZT. Characterization of fifty-one flavonoids in a Chinese herbal prescription Longdan Xiegan Decoction by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry and photodiode array detection. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2008; 22:1767-1778. [PMID: 18473331 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.3536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
High-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry and photodiode array detection (HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS(n)) was developed to identify and characterize the flavonoids in a Chinese formulated preparation, Longdan Xiegan Decoction (LXD). In total, fifty-one flavonoids (27 flavones, 10 flavanones, 7 chalcones, 5 flavonols and 2 isoflavones) were characterized. Eighteen compounds among them including a newly detected flavonoid, naringin, from the ingredient herbs, were unambiguously determined by comparing the retention times (t(R)), UV spectral data and mass fragmentation behaviors with those of the reference compounds. Another thirty-three compounds were tentatively identified by referencing to the reported data of their UV and MS spectra. The ESI-MS/MS fragmentation behavior of flavones (OMe-substituted, O-glycosides, C-glycosides), chalcones, flavonols and their appropriate characteristic pathways were proposed. In negative ion ESI-MS all the flavonoids yielded prominent [M--H](-) ions in the first order mass spectra. Fragmentation with a loss of mass of 15 Da (CH(3)), 18 Da (H(2)O), 28 Da (CO), 44 Da (CO(2)), 56 Da (2CO) and the residues of glucose and glucuronic acid observed in the MS/MS spectra were useful for aiding the structural identification of the flavonoids investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
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Wang SC, Bligh SWA, Zhu CL, Shi SS, Wang ZT, Hu ZB, Crowder J, Branford-White C, Vella C. Sulfated beta-glucan derived from oat bran with potent anti-HIV activity. J Agric Food Chem 2008; 56:2624-2629. [PMID: 18376844 DOI: 10.1021/jf072888h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
China is a major producer of oats; the annual harvested area of 350,000 ha yields approximately 465,000 tons, giving an average yield of 1.33 tons/ha. The bran is not used for animal feed as it is of poor digestibility and low nutritive content and is considered a waste byproduct. Therefore, it is advantageous to produce a value-added product from the bran. We extracted the native polysaccharide, a linear (1-3)-, (1-4)-linked beta-glucan (OBG) from the oat bran and synthesized a sulfated derivative OBGS containing 36.5% sulfate. OBGS had potent activity against a primary isolate of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells at a concentration (EC(50)=5.98 x 10(-4) microM) approximately 15,000 times below its cytotoxic concentration. OBGS was also active postinfection (EC(50)=5.3 x 10(-4) microM) and protected pretreated peripheral mononuclear cells (EC(50)=5.2 x 10(-2) microM) washed free of the compounds prior to infection. Thus, OBGS has potential as a vaginal microbicide and is the first such report for oat bran derived sulfated beta-glucan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Chun Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai Lun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
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Zhang F, Wang CH, Wang W, Chen LX, Ma HY, Zhang CF, Zhang M, Bligh SWA, Wang ZT. Quantitative analysis by HPLC-MS2 of the pyrrolizidine alkaloid adonifoline in Senecio scandens. Phytochem Anal 2008; 19:25-31. [PMID: 17879229 DOI: 10.1002/pca.1009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A quantitative method using HPLC-MS(2) has been developed for the determination of adonifoline, one of the retronecine-type hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids in Senecio scandens Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don., a traditional Chinese herb. Using an orthogonal design test, a simple and rapid sample extraction method was developed. HPLC analysis was conducted using a C(18) column as stationary phase and a mixture of acetonitrile and aqueous formic acid as mobile phase. Good linearity for adonifoline was found in the concentration range 0.12-4.18 microg/mL, and the HPLC-MS/MS method was shown to be appropriate, in terms of sensitivity, precision and reproducibility. The quantities of adonifoline in extracts of 18 plant samples from different collection sources and from different parts (flowers, leaves, thick stems, slim stems and roots) of S. scandens were determined using the newly developed HPLC/MS(2) analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Standardisation of Chinese Medicines of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
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38
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Wang CH, Cheng XM, He YQ, White KN, Bligh SWA, Branford-White CJ, Wang ZT. Pharmacokinetic behavior of gentiopicroside from decoction of radix gentianae, gentiana macrophylla after oral administration in rats: A pharmacokinetic comaprison with gentiopicroside after oral and intravenous administration alone. Arch Pharm Res 2007; 30:1149-54. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02980251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wang CH, Cheng XM, Bligh SWA, White KN, Branford-White CJ, Wang ZT. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of gentiopicroside from decoctions of Gentianae and Longdan Xiegan Tang after oral administration in rats—Comparison with gentiopicroside alone. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2007; 44:1113-7. [PMID: 17560062 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2007.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2007] [Revised: 03/26/2007] [Accepted: 04/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of gentiopicroside (GPS), an active component of the Gentian plant species, from orally administered decoctions of Gentianae (DG), or in combination with other plants in the prescription of Longdan Xiegan Tang (LXT), was compared in rats with oral administration of GPS alone, using doses adjusted to deliver equivalent amounts of GPS (150 mg/kg). Changes in plasma levels of GPS following oral administration of GPS or DG could be fitted to a one compartment open model with elimination half times (T(1/2)Ke) of 3.35+/-0.76 h and 6.21+/-3.07 h, respectively. Kinetics of plasma GPS following oral administration of LXT could be fitted to a two compartments open model with an elimination half time (T((1/2)beta)) of 3.83+/-1.54 h. The bioavailability of GPS from DG was markedly better, and that from LXT markedly worse, compared with GPS alone, as judged by the area under concentration-time curve (AUC) values of 70.0+/-13.9 microgh/ml (DG), 32.7+/-12.9 microgh/ml (GPS) and 19.1+/-5.9 microgh/ml (LXT). The study demonstrates the marked variability in pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of an active component from different herbal preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, China
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40
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Wardle NJ, Herlihy AH, So PW, Bell JD, Bligh SWA. Synthesis of a novel ‘smart’ bifunctional chelating agent 1-(2-[β,d-galactopyranosyloxy]ethyl)-7-(1-carboxy-3-[4-aminophenyl]propyl)-4,10-bis(carboxymethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (Gal-PA-DO3A-NH2) and its Gd(III) complex. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:4714-21. [PMID: 17512738 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2006] [Revised: 04/20/2007] [Accepted: 05/02/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A new synthetic pathway to 1-(2-[beta,D-galactopyranosyloxy]ethyl)-7-(1-carboxy-3-[4-aminophenyl]propyl)-4,10-bis(carboxymethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (Gal-PA-DO3A-NH2) and 1-(2-[beta,D-galactopyranosyloxy]ethyl)-4,7,10-tris(carboxymethyl)-1, 4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (Gal-DO3A) chelating agents was developed involving full hydroxyl- and carboxyl-group protection in precursors to product. Two sequences of cyclen-N-functionalisation were subsequently investigated, one successfully, towards synthesis of the novel 'smart' bifunctional Gal-PA-DO3A-NH2 chelate. The longitudinal proton relaxivities of the neutral [Gd-(Gal-PA-DO3A-NH2)] and [Gd-(Gal-DO3A)] complexes were increased by 28% and 37% in the presence of beta-galactosidase, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick J Wardle
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, Tower Building, London Metropolitan University, and Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
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Wang SC, Bligh SWA, Shi SS, Wang ZT, Hu ZB, Crowder J, Branford-White C, Vella C. Structural features and anti-HIV-1 activity of novel polysaccharides from red algae Grateloupia longifolia and Grateloupia filicina. Int J Biol Macromol 2007; 41:369-75. [PMID: 17602734 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2007.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2007] [Revised: 05/08/2007] [Accepted: 05/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Since sulphated polysaccharides have antiviral activity in vitro, we examined the structure and antiretroviral activity of native sulphated galactans extracted from the red algae, Grateloupia filicina (GFP) and Grateloupia longifolia (GLP). The sulphate contents of GFP and GLPE (the 1,4-alpha-d-glucan-glucanohydrolase digest of GLP) were 25.7 and 18.5%, respectively. The sulphate ester groups were located at carbon 2 for GFP and at carbon 2 and 6 for GLPE. Antiretroviral activity was investigated with a primary isolate (PI) of HIV-1 and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) rather than T-cell line adapted (TCLA) HIV-1 and T-cell lines because it is more representative of the in vivo situation. Both compounds and their derivatives had potent anti-HIV-1 activity when added at the time of infection, and 2h post-infection (EC50s 0.010-0.003microM, EC(90s) 0.87-0.33microM) and low cytotoxicity. Their potential medical application as virucidal vaginal formulations is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai Lun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, PR China
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Yang L, Nakamura N, Hattori M, Wang Z, Bligh SWA, Xu L. High-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for the simultaneous analysis of cis-, trans- and dihydro-2-glucosyloxycinnamic acid derivatives from Dendrobium medicinal plants. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2007; 21:1833-40. [PMID: 17497625 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.3025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Sensitive, selective and reliable high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-diode array detection (DAD)/electrospray ionization multi-stage mass spectrometry (ESI-MSn) methods have been developed for the characterization of nine 2-glucosyloxycinnamic acid derivatives and quantitative analysis of three of the major 2-glucosyloxycinnamic acids, cis-melilotoside, trans-melilotoside and dihydromelilotoside, present in Dendrobium medicinal plants. The identities of the latter three major 2-glucosyloxycinnamic acids were confirmed by comparing their retention times, UV and mass spectra with those of the reference standards. The characteristic ESI-MSn fragmentation patterns of the remaining six 2-glucosyloxycinnamic acid derivatives, which are similar to the three major compounds, have allowed the putative elucidation of their structures. The concentrations of the cis-, trans- and dihydromelilotosides were simultaneously determined by HPLC/ESI-MS2 using the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode in extracts of Dendrobium species. The method was validated with respect to the overall intra- and inter-day variation (RSD less than 8%) and the limits of quantification for the cis-, trans- and dihydromelilotosides were 0.09, 0.09 and 0.01 microg/mL, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
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Affiliation(s)
- S. W. Annie Bligh
- a School of Applied Chemistry, University of North London , Holloway Road, London, N7 8DB, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine M. McGrath
- a School of Applied Chemistry, University of North London , Holloway Road, London, N7 8DB, United Kingdom
| | - Salvatore Failla
- b Istituto Chimico, Facolta di Ingegneria, Universita di Catania , Viale A. Doria, 6-95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Paolo Finocchiaro
- b Istituto Chimico, Facolta di Ingegneria, Universita di Catania , Viale A. Doria, 6-95125, Catania, Italy
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Yang L, Qin LH, Bligh SWA, Bashall A, Zhang CF, Zhang M, Wang ZT, Xu LS. A new phenanthrene with a spirolactone from Dendrobium chrysanthum and its anti-inflammatory activities. Bioorg Med Chem 2006. [PMID: 16431116 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.01.004/0968-0896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Investigation of phenolic patterns from the stems of Dendrobium chrysanthum by HPLC-PDA-MS has led to the isolation of a new phenanthrene derivative with a spirolactone ring, dendrochrysanene (1), that proved to suppress the mRNA level of TNF-alpha, IL8, IL10, and iNOS in murine peritoneal macrophages. The structure of 1 was characterized on the basis of various NMR (1H, 13C, 1H-1H COSY, HMQC, and HMBC), mass spectrometry, and X-ray crystal diffraction data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines of Ministry of Education, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Shanghai 201203, PR China
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Yang L, Qin LH, Bligh SWA, Bashall A, Zhang CF, Zhang M, Wang ZT, Xu LS. A new phenanthrene with a spirolactone from Dendrobium chrysanthum and its anti-inflammatory activities. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:3496-501. [PMID: 16431116 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2005] [Revised: 01/01/2006] [Accepted: 01/04/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Investigation of phenolic patterns from the stems of Dendrobium chrysanthum by HPLC-PDA-MS has led to the isolation of a new phenanthrene derivative with a spirolactone ring, dendrochrysanene (1), that proved to suppress the mRNA level of TNF-alpha, IL8, IL10, and iNOS in murine peritoneal macrophages. The structure of 1 was characterized on the basis of various NMR (1H, 13C, 1H-1H COSY, HMQC, and HMBC), mass spectrometry, and X-ray crystal diffraction data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines of Ministry of Education, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Shanghai 201203, PR China
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46
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Zhang GN, Zhong LY, Bligh SWA, Guo YL, Zhang CF, Zhang M, Wang ZT, Xu LS. Bi-bicyclic and bi-tricyclic compounds from Dendrobium thyrsiflorum. Phytochemistry 2005; 66:1113-20. [PMID: 15913675 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2004] [Revised: 02/21/2005] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
One bi-bicyclic and two bi-tricyclic derivatives of coumarin-benzofuran, phenanthrene-phenanthrene and phenanthrene-phenanthraquinone, along with seven known compounds, were isolated from stems of Dendrobium thyrsiflorum Rchb.f. (Orchidaceae). On the basis of chemical, NMR (1H, 13C, HMQC, HMBC and NOESY) and mass spectrometry data, their structures were elucidated as denthyrsin [3-(5',6'-dimethoxybenzofuran-2'-yl)-6,7-dimethoxy-2H-chromen-2-one; 1], denthyrsinol (4,5'-dimethoxy-[1,1']biphenanthrenyl-2,5,4',7'-tetraol; 2), and denthyrsinone (7,4',7'-trihydroxy-2,2',8'-trimethoxy-[5,1']biphenanthrenyl-1,4-dione; 3). Compounds 1-3 and denthyrsinin (1,5,7-trimethoxyphenanthrene-2,6-diol; 4) showed significant cytotoxic activities against Hela (13.5, 9.3, 9.9 and 2.7 microM, respectively), K-562 (0.45, 1.6, 6.0 and 2.3 microM, respectively) and MCF-7 (18.1, not tested, 3.5 and 4.8 microM, respectively) cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Nong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210038, China
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Collinson AD, Bligh SWA, Graham DL, Mott HR, Chalk PA, Korniotis N, Lowe PN. Fluorescence properties of green fluorescent protein FRET pairs concatenated with the small G protein, Rac, and its interacting domain of the kinase, p21-activated kinase. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2005; 2:659-73. [PMID: 15674024 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2004.2.659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many diseases are caused by aberrant cell signalling controlled by intracellular protein-protein interactions. Inhibitors of such interactions thus have enormous potential as chemotherapeutic agents. It is advantageous to test for such inhibitors using cell-based screens in which modulation of the interaction gives a rapid response. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) systems, based on interacting donor and acceptor green fluorescent proteins (GFPs), have potential in such screens. Here, we describe experiments aimed at using a FRET system to monitor the interaction between the small G protein Rac and a region of its binding partner, the Ser/Thr kinase, p21-activated kinase (PAK). Initial attempts to use a previously described construct, enhanced GFP-PAK-enhanced blue fluorescent protein, failed because of the difficulty of obtaining equal and high expression levels of both the fusion protein and Rac in mammalian cells. Here, three proteins in which Rac, PAK, and the two GFPs were concatenated in different combinations on a single protein were expressed and characterised. In each construct, however, intramolecular interaction of PAK and Rac was observed. As this was of extremely high affinity, presumably because of entropy effects from the interacting partners being tethered, these molecules were not suitable for detection of inhibitors of the interaction. Molecular modelling was used to investigate the way in which the concatenated constructs might form intramolecular interactions. As this explained key properties of these proteins, it is likely that this approach could be used to design constructs where the unwanted intramolecular protein-protein interactions are prevented, whilst allowing the desired intermolecular Rac/PAK interaction. This would provide constructs that are useable for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andie D Collinson
- Structural & Biophysical Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Herts, UK
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Wang CH, Wang ZT, Bligh SWA, White KN, White CJB. Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of gentiopicroside following oral and intravenous administration in mice. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2005; 29:199-203. [PMID: 15537172 DOI: 10.1007/bf03190598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of Gentiopicroside (GPS), one of the major active components of the Gentiana species of medicinal plants, was studied following oral and intravenous administration in mice. The distribution of GPS in mice after oral and intravenous doses could be fitted to a two-compartments open model. The serum half-life of GPS was 6.1 h and 2.8 h for intravenous and oral administration, respectively. The Tmax of GPS after oral administration was 0.50 h, and the bioavailability was 39.6%. The AUC gradient in individual tissues following intravenous administration was kidney >serum >liver >spleen >lung >thymus >fat >heart >muscle >stomach >intestinal >brain. The MRT gradient was muscle >serum >lung >spleen >lung >intestinal>heart >stomach >brain >liver >thymus >kidney >fat. Overall the data show that GPS could be absorbed rapidly in mice, but with a low bioavailability, and could distribute to tissues extensively, but was generally cleared quickly with short MRTs. The study demonstrates the need for repeated dosage, or better, a slow release formulation as an ideal means of administering GPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hong Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Wu T, Annie Bligh SW, Gu LH, Wang ZT, Liu HP, Cheng XM, Branford-White CJ, Hu ZB. Simultaneous determination of six isoflavonoids in commercial Radix Astragali by HPLC-UV. Fitoterapia 2005; 76:157-65. [PMID: 15752625 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2004.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2004] [Accepted: 11/15/2004] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A HPLC-UV method for the quantification of six major isoflavonoids, calycosin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside (1), formononetin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside (2), (6alphaR, 11alphaR) 3-hydroxy-9,10-dimethoxypterocarpan-3-O-beta-D-glucoside (3), 7,2'-dihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxyisoflavan-7-O-beta-D-glucoside (4), calycosin (5) and formononetin (6), in Radix Astragali (Huangqi) was developed and validated. The method was proven to be sensitive, specific, accurate and precise, as well as effective and easy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wu
- Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, 201203, China
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Cheng ZH, Wu T, Bligh SWA, Bashall A, Yu BY. cis-Eudesmane sesquiterpene glycosides from Liriope muscari and Ophiopogon japonicus. J Nat Prod 2004; 67:1761-1763. [PMID: 15497959 DOI: 10.1021/np049864e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Two new cis-eudesmane sesquiterpene glycosides, liriopeoside A (1) and ophiopogonoside A (2), were extracted and purified from tubers of Liriope muscari and Ophiopogon japonicus, respectively, along with three known compounds. Their structures were elucidated as 1beta,6beta-dihydroxy-cis-eudesm-3-ene-6-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1) and 1beta,4beta,6beta-trihydroxy-cis-eudesmane-6-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2) by spectral data analysis. The structure and the relative configuration of compound 1 were confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis. This is the first time that cis-eudesmane-type sesquiterpenes have been reported from the genera Ophiopogon and Liriope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hong Cheng
- Department of Complex Prescription of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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