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Daprati E, Nico D. Vulnerability factors and neuropsychiatric disorders: What could be learned from individual variability in cognitive functions. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1019030. [PMID: 36619098 PMCID: PMC9815448 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1019030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Daprati
- Dipartimento di Medicina dei Sistemi and CBMS, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy,*Correspondence: Elena Daprati ✉
| | - Daniele Nico
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
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Agarwal S, Fulgoni VL 3rd, Jacques PF. Association of 100% Fruit Juice Consumption with Cognitive Measures, Anxiety, and Depression in US Adults. Nutrients 2022; 14. [PMID: 36432514 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive decline, anxiety, and depression are significant contributors to human ill health and decreased quality of life. Intake of fruits including 100% juice is associated with beneficial effects on several health outcomes. The current study explored the potential associations between consumption of 100% fruit juice and neurocognitive markers in adults. Twenty-four-hour dietary recall data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1988-1994, 1999-2018 for adults 20+ years (N = 62,606) were used to assess 100% fruit juice intake, and NHANES questionnaire data were used for the assessment of neurocognition. Association of usual intake of 100% fruit juice with neurocognitive outcomes were assessed by regression analysis after adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, dietary, and health-related covariates. About 21% of adults were fruit juice consumers and the intake was a little over 2 oz per day. Consumers of 100% fruit juice had 16.3% fewer days per month of feeling anxious compared to non-consumers. There were no significant associations of 100% fruit juice usual intake with other neurocognitive measures. A large number of potential confounding variables have been identified to be associated with one or more neurocognitive measures suggesting that these may be important parameters to include in future studies.
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Ilbegi S, Buitelaar JK, Hoekstra PJ, Hartman CA, Franke B, Faraone SV, Oosterlaan J, Luman M, van Lieshout M, Rommelse NNJ. Neurocognitive markers of late-onset ADHD: a 6-year longitudinal study. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2021; 62:244-252. [PMID: 33059383 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an increased interest in 'late-onset' attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), referring to the onset of clinically significant ADHD symptoms after the age of 12 years. This study aimed to examine whether unaffected siblings with late-onset ADHD could be differentiated from stable unaffected siblings by their neurocognitive functioning in childhood. METHODS We report findings from a 6-year prospective, longitudinal study of the Dutch part of the International Multicenter ADHD Genetics (IMAGE) study, including individuals with childhood-onset (persistent) ADHD (n = 193), their siblings with late-onset ADHD (n = 34), their stable unaffected siblings (n = 111) and healthy controls (n = 186). At study entry (mean age: 11.3) and follow-up (mean age: 17.01), participants were assessed for ADHD by structured psychiatric interviews and multi-informant questionnaires. Several neurocognitive functions were assessed at baseline and after 6 years, including time reproduction, timing variability (reaction time variability and time production variability), reaction time speed, motor control and working memory; intelligence was taken as a measure of overall neurocognitive functioning. RESULTS Siblings with late-onset ADHD were similar to individuals with childhood-onset ADHD in showing longer reaction times and/or higher error rates on all neurocognitive measures at baseline and follow-up, when compared to healthy controls. They differed from stable unaffected siblings (who were similar to healthy controls) by greater reaction time variability and timing production variability at baseline. No significant group by time interaction was found for any of the tasks. CONCLUSIONS For unaffected siblings of individuals with ADHD, reaction time variability and timing production variability may serve as neurocognitive marker for late-onset ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrzad Ilbegi
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan K Buitelaar
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter J Hoekstra
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen V Faraone
- Departments of Psychiatry and of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Jaap Oosterlaan
- Emma Neuroscience Group, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam/Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Clinical Neuropsychology Section, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Luman
- Emma Neuroscience Group, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam/Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Clinical Neuropsychology Section, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marloes van Lieshout
- Emma Neuroscience Group, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam/Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Clinical Neuropsychology Section, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nanda N J Rommelse
- Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Schloß S, Derz F, Schurek P, Cosan AS, Becker K, Pauli-Pott U. Reward-Related Dysfunctions in Children Developing Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder-Roles of Oppositional and Callous-Unemotional Symptoms. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:738368. [PMID: 34744828 PMCID: PMC8569139 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.738368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Neurocognitive functions might indicate specific pathways in developing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We focus on reward-related dysfunctions and analyze whether reward-related inhibitory control (RRIC), approach motivation, and autonomic reactivity to reward-related stimuli are linked to developing ADHD, while accounting for comorbid symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and callous-unemotional (CU) traits. Methods: A sample of 198 preschool children (115 boys; age: m = 58, s = 6 months) was re-assessed at age 8 years (m = 101.4, s = 3.6 months). ADHD diagnosis was made by clinical interviews. We measured ODD symptoms and CU traits using a multi-informant approach, RRIC (Snack-Delay task, Gift-Bag task) and approach tendency using neuropsychological tasks, and autonomic reactivity via indices of electrodermal activity (EDA). Results: Low RRIC and low autonomic reactivity were uniquely associated with ADHD, while longitudinal and cross-sectional links between approach motivation and ADHD were completely explained by comorbid ODD and CU symptoms. Conclusion: High approach motivation indicated developing ADHD with ODD and CU problems, while low RRIC and low reward-related autonomic reactivity were linked to developing pure ADHD. The results are in line with models on neurocognitive subtypes in externalizing disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Schloß
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Friederike Derz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Pia Schurek
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Alisa Susann Cosan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Katja Becker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ursula Pauli-Pott
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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Liaugaudaite V, Fineberg NA, Podlipskyte A, Gecaite J, Juskiene A, Mickuviene N, Burkauskas J. Neurocognitive markers of suicidal ideation in patients with anxiety and mood disorders. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract 2020; 24:116-119. [PMID: 32162978 DOI: 10.1080/13651501.2019.1666148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective: This study aims at identifying associations between cognitive function and suicidal ideation in the sample of patients with anxiety and mood disorders (AMD).Methods: In sum, 186 (age = 39 ± 12.3 years; 142 [76.3%] females) patients with AMD were enrolled in the study. Assessment included evaluation of socio-demographic information, medication use, anxiety and depression symptoms. Cognitive tests included measures of psychomotor performance and incidental learning using the Digit Symbol Test. Trail Making Tests respectively measured perceptual speed, task-switching and executive control. Additionally, 21 patients completed tests from the Cambridge Automated Neuropsychological Test Battery measuring set shifting (Interdimensional/extradimensional set-shift), executive planning (Stockings of Cambridge), and decision making (Cambridge Gamble Task [CGT]).Results: Almost half (45.0%, n = 86) of the study sample patients had experienced suicidal ideations. In multivariable regression analysis, suicidal ideation was associated with a greater overall proportion of bet and risk taking on the CGT task (β = 0.726, p = .010 and β = 0.634, p = .019), when controlling for socio-demographic characteristics, medication use, anxiety and depression symptoms.Conclusions: Outpatients with AMD and suicidal ideation could be distinguished by the presence of cognitive deficits in the executive function domain, particularly in impulse-control and risk taking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilma Liaugaudaite
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
| | - Naomi A Fineberg
- National Obsessive Compulsive Disorders Specialist Service, Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Welwyn Garden City, UK.,Highly Specialised Service for Obsessive Compulsive Disorders, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | - Aurelija Podlipskyte
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
| | - Julija Gecaite
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
| | - Alicja Juskiene
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
| | - Narseta Mickuviene
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
| | - Julius Burkauskas
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
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