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Kovalev GV, Shkarupa DD, Zaytseva AO, Staroseltseva OY, Borodulina IV, Kalinina DS, Musienko PE. [Cellular regulation of the lower urinary tract as a cause of the bladder overactivity and reduced efficiency of pharmacotherapy]. Urologiia 2020:149-156. [PMID: 33185363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Overactive bladder (OAB) is a polyetiological nosology. Its symptoms are often characterized not only with detrusor hyperactivity, but also with the increased sensitivity of afferent fibers, which is clinically manifested as urgency. In addition, the disorders at the level of receptors expression and the synthesis of mediators lead to the development of bladder pain syndrome (BPS), which also significantly reduces the quality of life of patients. In recent years, the experimental animal studies achieved significant progress in understanding of the pathogenesis of lower urinary tract dysfunction. In particular, the broad understanding of the sensor properties of urothelium was obtained, which significantly increased the popularity of the urothelial theory of the development of idiopathic detrusor hyperactivity, as well as hypersensitivity and bladder pain. According to this theory, the pathological release of biologically active substance in the transitional epithelium in response to an extension of the bladder wall leads to clinical manifestations of the described conditions. In addition, due to the studies of the properties of receptors, ion channels, and mediators, the suggestion about the reduced efficiency of muscarinic receptor antagonists have been made in a large number of patients. Besides the acetylcholine control of the lower urinary tract, more and more attention is paid to other significant mechanisms of pathological conditions. The purpose of this part of the lecture is to systematize the available materials of basic research on the functioning of the lower urinary tract at the cellular level, as well as the mechanisms of action and questions of the effectiveness of pharmacological therapy for urinary disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- G V Kovalev
- Saint Petersburg State University Hospital. Pirogov Clinic of High Medical Technologies, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - D D Shkarupa
- Saint Petersburg State University Hospital. Pirogov Clinic of High Medical Technologies, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - A O Zaytseva
- Saint Petersburg State University Hospital. Pirogov Clinic of High Medical Technologies, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - O Y Staroseltseva
- Saint Petersburg State University Hospital. Pirogov Clinic of High Medical Technologies, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - I V Borodulina
- Childrens Surgery and Orthopedic Clinic, Department of Non-pulmonary Tuberculosis, Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - D S Kalinina
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russian
| | - P E Musienko
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russian
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Russian Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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Kovalev GV, Shkarupa DD, Zaytseva AO, Staroseltseva OY, Borodulina IV, Kalinina DS, Musienko PE. [Characteristics of the neural regulation of the lower urinary tract as a cause of the development of an overactive bladder: current state of the problem]. Urologiia 2020:165-170. [PMID: 32897032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An overactive bladder (OAB) is a constellation of lower urinary tract symptoms, including urgency, increased frequency of urination during the day and/or night (nocturia), and, in some cases, urge incontinence. This syndrome can be caused by different conditions, and currently no universal pathogenetic treatment has been developed. In addition, there are virtually no Russian-language publications providing information on the neurophysiology and neuroanatomy of the lower urinary tract. At the same time, the importance of this topic can hardly be overestimated. Often, a patient with a neurogenic dysfunction of the lower urinary tract has different comorbidities, which requires to deeply understand the mechanisms of development of certain symptoms. Considering an absence of clear data about the peripheral bladder innervation, role of the structures of the central nervous system and importance of neurotransmitters, it is rather difficult to provide high-quality specialized care. However, in recent years, a lot of new facts and theories have been described in basic researches. This lecture is dedicated to the current data on the pathogenesis of OAB. The purpose of the lecture is to summarize the results of fundamental and clinical studies on the pathogenesis of OAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- G V Kovalev
- Saint Petersburg State University Hospital
- Pirogov Clinic of High Medical Technologies, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Saint Petersburg State University, Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Russian Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Phthysiopulmonology, Childrens Surgery and Orthopedic Clinic, Department of Nonpulmonary Tuberculosis, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - D D Shkarupa
- Saint Petersburg State University Hospital
- Pirogov Clinic of High Medical Technologies, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Saint Petersburg State University, Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Russian Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Phthysiopulmonology, Childrens Surgery and Orthopedic Clinic, Department of Nonpulmonary Tuberculosis, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - A O Zaytseva
- Saint Petersburg State University Hospital
- Pirogov Clinic of High Medical Technologies, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Saint Petersburg State University, Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Russian Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Phthysiopulmonology, Childrens Surgery and Orthopedic Clinic, Department of Nonpulmonary Tuberculosis, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - O Y Staroseltseva
- Saint Petersburg State University Hospital
- Pirogov Clinic of High Medical Technologies, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Saint Petersburg State University, Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Russian Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Phthysiopulmonology, Childrens Surgery and Orthopedic Clinic, Department of Nonpulmonary Tuberculosis, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - I V Borodulina
- Saint Petersburg State University Hospital
- Pirogov Clinic of High Medical Technologies, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Saint Petersburg State University, Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Russian Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Phthysiopulmonology, Childrens Surgery and Orthopedic Clinic, Department of Nonpulmonary Tuberculosis, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - D S Kalinina
- Saint Petersburg State University Hospital
- Pirogov Clinic of High Medical Technologies, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Saint Petersburg State University, Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Russian Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Phthysiopulmonology, Childrens Surgery and Orthopedic Clinic, Department of Nonpulmonary Tuberculosis, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - P E Musienko
- Saint Petersburg State University Hospital
- Pirogov Clinic of High Medical Technologies, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Saint Petersburg State University, Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Russian Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Phthysiopulmonology, Childrens Surgery and Orthopedic Clinic, Department of Nonpulmonary Tuberculosis, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Health of Russia
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