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Waters LC, Strong SL, Ferlemann E, Oka O, Muskett FW, Veverka V, Banerjee S, Schmedt T, Henry AJ, Klempnauer KH, Carr MD. Structure of the tandem MA-3 region of Pdcd4 protein and characterization of its interactions with eIF4A and eIF4G: molecular mechanisms of a tumor suppressor. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:17270-80. [PMID: 21454508 PMCID: PMC3089569 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.166157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2010] [Revised: 03/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the key regulatory points of translation initiation is recruitment of the 43S preinitation complex to the 5' mRNA cap by the eIF4F complex (eIF4A, eIF4E, and eIF4G). The tumor suppressor protein Pdcd4 has been shown to inhibit cap-dependent translation by interacting tightly with the RNA helicase eIF4A via its tandem MA-3 domains. The NMR studies reported here reveal a fairly extensive and well defined interface between the two MA-3 domains in solution, which appears to be stabilized by a network of interdomain salt bridges and hydrogen bonds, and reveals a unique orientation of the two domains. Characterization of the stoichiometry of the Pdcd4-eIF4A complex suggests that under physiological conditions Pdcd4 binds to a single molecule of eIF4A, which involves contacts with both Pdcd4 MA-3 domains. We also show that contacts mediated by a conserved acidic patch on the middle MA-3 domain of Pdcd4 are essential for forming a tight complex with eIF4A in vivo, whereas the equivalent region of the C-terminal MA-3 domain appears to have no role in complex formation in vivo. The formation of a 1:1 eIF4A-Pdcd4 complex in solution is consistent with the reported presence in vivo of only one molecule of eIF4A in the eIF4F complex. Pdcd4 has also been reported to interact directly with the middle region of eIF4G, however, we were unable to obtain any evidence for even a weak, transient direct interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorna C. Waters
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Henry Wellcome Building, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah L. Strong
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Henry Wellcome Building, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, United Kingdom
| | - Eva Ferlemann
- the Institut für Biochemie, Westfälische-Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 2, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and
| | - Ojore Oka
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Henry Wellcome Building, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, United Kingdom
| | - Frederick W. Muskett
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Henry Wellcome Building, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, United Kingdom
| | - Vaclav Veverka
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Henry Wellcome Building, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, United Kingdom
| | - Sreemoti Banerjee
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Henry Wellcome Building, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, United Kingdom
| | - Thore Schmedt
- the Institut für Biochemie, Westfälische-Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 2, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and
| | - Alistair J. Henry
- Research and Development, UCB-Celltech, Slough SL1 3WE, United Kingdom
| | - Karl-Heinz Klempnauer
- the Institut für Biochemie, Westfälische-Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 2, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and
| | - Mark D. Carr
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Henry Wellcome Building, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, United Kingdom
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Waters LC, Oka O, Muskett FW, Strong SL, Schmedt T, Klempnauer KH, Carr MD. Resonance assignment and secondary structure of the middle MA-3 domain and complete tandem MA-3 region of the tumour suppressor protein Pdcd4. Biomol NMR Assign 2010; 4:49-53. [PMID: 20020227 PMCID: PMC2862171 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-009-9205-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2009] [Accepted: 12/02/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Pdcd4 (Programmed Cell Death Protein 4) is a novel eukaryotic tumour suppressor protein, which is involved in the regulation of both transcription and translation (reviewed in Lankat-Buttgereit and Göke 2009). The protein contains two interacting MA-3 domains (MA-3(M) and MA-3(C)), which are linked by a short semi-flexible linker region (Waters et al. 2007; Suzuki et al. 2008). The MA-3 domains are involved in mediating specific protein-protein interactions with functional partners such as eIF4A (Yang et al. 2003 ). Here we report essentially complete backbone and side chain (15)N, (13)C and (1)H assignments for a construct composed of the middle MA-3 domain and subsequent linker region (MA-3(M)) and backbone assignments for the entire tandem MA-3 region of Pdcd4 (Pdcd4 MA-3(M-C)). Analysis of the backbone chemical shift data obtained indicates that Pdcd4 MA-3(M) contains eight helical regions corresponding to over 74% of the protein backbone and that Pdcd4 MA-3(M-C) contains fifteen helical regions (72%). Comparison of the position of these helical regions with those observed in the crystal structures suggests that the solution and crystal structures of both proteins are very similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorna C. Waters
- Department of Biochemistry, Henry Wellcome Building, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester, LE1 9HN UK
| | - Ojore Oka
- Department of Biochemistry, Henry Wellcome Building, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester, LE1 9HN UK
| | - Frederick W. Muskett
- Department of Biochemistry, Henry Wellcome Building, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester, LE1 9HN UK
| | - Sarah L. Strong
- Department of Biochemistry, Henry Wellcome Building, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester, LE1 9HN UK
| | - Thore Schmedt
- Institut für Biochemie, Westfälische-Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 2, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Klempnauer
- Institut für Biochemie, Westfälische-Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 2, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Mark D. Carr
- Department of Biochemistry, Henry Wellcome Building, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester, LE1 9HN UK
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Selaru FM, Olaru AV, Kan T, David S, Cheng Y, Mori Y, Yang J, Paun B, Jin Z, Agarwal R, Hamilton JP, Abraham J, Georgiades C, Alvarez H, Vivekanandan P, Yu W, Maitra A, Torbenson M, Thuluvath PJ, Gores GJ, LaRusso NF, Hruban R, Meltzer SJ. MicroRNA-21 is overexpressed in human cholangiocarcinoma and regulates programmed cell death 4 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3. Hepatology 2009; 49:1595-601. [PMID: 19296468 PMCID: PMC3124086 DOI: 10.1002/hep.22838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Cholangiocarcinomas (CCAs) are aggressive cancers, with high mortality and poor survival rates. Only radical surgery offers patients some hope of cure; however, most patients are not surgical candidates because of late diagnosis secondary to relatively poor accuracy of diagnostic means. MicroRNAs (miRs) are involved in every cancer examined, but they have not been evaluated in primary CCA. In this study, miR arrays were performed on five primary CCAs and five normal bile duct specimens (NBDs). Several miRs were dysregulated and miR-21 was overexpressed in CCAs. miR-21 differential expression in these 10 specimens was verified by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). To validate these findings, qRT-PCR for miR-21 was then performed on 18 additional primary CCAs and 12 normal liver specimens. MiR-21 was 95% sensitive and 100% specific in distinguishing between CCA and normal tissues, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.995. Inhibitors of miR-21 increased protein levels of programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 3 (TIMP3). Notably, messenger RNA levels of TIMP3 were significantly lower in CCAs than in normals. CONCLUSIONS MiR-21 is overexpressed in human CCAs. Furthermore, miR-21 may be oncogenic, at least in part, by inhibiting PDCD4 and TIMP3. Finally, these data suggest that TIMP3 is a candidate tumor suppressor gene in the biliary tree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florin M. Selaru
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 1503 E Jefferson St, Room 106, Baltimore, MD, 21287
| | - Alexandru V. Olaru
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 1503 E Jefferson St, Room 106, Baltimore, MD, 21287
| | - Takatsugu Kan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 1503 E Jefferson St, Room 106, Baltimore, MD, 21287
| | - Stefan David
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 1503 E Jefferson St, Room 106, Baltimore, MD, 21287
| | - Yulan Cheng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 1503 E Jefferson St, Room 106, Baltimore, MD, 21287
| | - Yuriko Mori
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 1503 E Jefferson St, Room 106, Baltimore, MD, 21287
| | - Jian Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 1503 E Jefferson St, Room 106, Baltimore, MD, 21287
| | - Bogdan Paun
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 1503 E Jefferson St, Room 106, Baltimore, MD, 21287
| | - Zhe Jin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 1503 E Jefferson St, Room 106, Baltimore, MD, 21287
| | - Rachana Agarwal
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 1503 E Jefferson St, Room 106, Baltimore, MD, 21287
| | - James P. Hamilton
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 1503 E Jefferson St, Room 106, Baltimore, MD, 21287
| | - John Abraham
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 1503 E Jefferson St, Room 106, Baltimore, MD, 21287
| | | | - Hector Alvarez
- Division of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Wayne Yu
- Division of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Anirban Maitra
- Division of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, Division of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Paul J. Thuluvath
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 1503 E Jefferson St, Room 106, Baltimore, MD, 21287
| | - Gregory J. Gores
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Center for Basic Research in Digestive Diseases, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
| | - Nicholas F. LaRusso
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Center for Basic Research in Digestive Diseases, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
| | - Ralph Hruban
- Division of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Stephen J. Meltzer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 1503 E Jefferson St, Room 106, Baltimore, MD, 21287
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