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Allegaert K, Smits A, Annaert P. Interdisciplinary Collaboration on Real World Data to Close the Knowledge Gap: A Reflection on "De Sutter et al. Predicting Volume of Distribution in Neonates: Performance of Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modelling". Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:128. [PMID: 38276498 PMCID: PMC10819087 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This commentary further reflects on the paper of De Sutter et al. on predicting volume of distribution in neonates, and the performance of physiologically based pharmacokinetic models We hereby stressed the add on value to collaborate on real world data to further close this knowledge gap. We illustrated this by weight distribution characteristics in breastfed (physiology) and in asphyxiated (pathophysiology), with additional reflection on their kidney and liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Allegaert
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Smits
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Annaert
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
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De Sutter PJ, Rossignol P, Breëns L, Gasthuys E, Vermeulen A. Predicting Volume of Distribution in Neonates: Performance of Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modelling. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2348. [PMID: 37765316 PMCID: PMC10536587 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The volume of distribution at steady state (Vss) in neonates is still often estimated through isometric scaling from adult values, disregarding developmental changes beyond body weight. This study aimed to compare the accuracy of two physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Vss prediction methods in neonates (Poulin & Theil with Berezhkovskiy correction (P&T+) and Rodgers & Rowland (R&R)) with isometrical scaling. PBPK models were developed for 24 drugs using in-vitro and in-silico data. Simulations were done in Simcyp (V22) using predefined populations. Clinical data from 86 studies in neonates (including preterms) were used for comparison, and accuracy was assessed using (absolute) average fold errors ((A)AFEs). Isometric scaling resulted in underestimated Vss values in neonates (AFE: 0.61), and both PBPK methods reduced the magnitude of underprediction (AFE: 0.82-0.83). The P&T+ method demonstrated superior overall accuracy compared to isometric scaling (AAFE of 1.68 and 1.77, respectively), while the R&R method exhibited lower overall accuracy (AAFE: 2.03). Drug characteristics (LogP and ionization type) and inclusion of preterm neonates did not significantly impact the magnitude of error associated with isometric scaling or PBPK modeling. These results highlight both the limitations and the applicability of PBPK methods for the prediction of Vss in the absence of clinical data.
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Liu XI, Green DJ, van den Anker JN, Rakhmanina NY, Ahmadzia HK, Momper JD, Park K, Burckart GJ, Dallmann A. Mechanistic Modeling of Placental Drug Transfer in Humans: How Do Differences in Maternal/Fetal Fraction of Unbound Drug and Placental Influx/Efflux Transfer Rates Affect Fetal Pharmacokinetics? Front Pediatr 2021; 9:723006. [PMID: 34733804 PMCID: PMC8559552 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.723006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: While physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models generally predict pharmacokinetics in pregnant women successfully, the confidence in predicting fetal pharmacokinetics is limited because many parameters affecting placental drug transfer have not been mechanistically accounted for. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to implement different maternal and fetal unbound drug fractions in a PBPK framework; to predict fetal pharmacokinetics of eight drugs in the third trimester; and to quantitatively investigate how alterations in various model parameters affect predicted fetal pharmacokinetics. Methods: The ordinary differential equations of previously developed pregnancy PBPK models for eight drugs (acyclovir, cefuroxime, diazepam, dolutegravir, emtricitabine, metronidazole, ondansetron, and raltegravir) were amended to account for different unbound drug fractions in mother and fetus. Local sensitivity analyses were conducted for various parameters relevant to placental drug transfer, including influx/efflux transfer clearances across the apical and basolateral membrane of the trophoblasts. Results: For the highly-protein bound drugs diazepam, dolutegravir and ondansetron, the lower fraction unbound in the fetus vs. mother affected predicted pharmacokinetics in the umbilical vein by ≥10%. Metronidazole displayed blood flow-limited distribution across the placenta. For all drugs, umbilical vein concentrations were highly sensitive to changes in the apical influx/efflux transfer clearance ratio. Additionally, transfer clearance across the basolateral membrane was a critical parameter for cefuroxime and ondansetron. Conclusion: In healthy pregnancies, differential protein binding characteristics in mother and fetus give rise to minor differences in maternal-fetal drug exposure. Further studies are needed to differentiate passive and active transfer processes across the apical and basolateral trophoblast membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei I. Liu
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Dionna J. Green
- Office of Pediatric Therapeutics, Office of the Commissioner, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - John N. van den Anker
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Natella Y. Rakhmanina
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, United States
- Technical Strategies and Innovation, Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Homa K. Ahmadzia
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Jeremiah D. Momper
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Kyunghun Park
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Gilbert J. Burckart
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - André Dallmann
- Pharmacometrics/Modeling and Simulation, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Germany
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Sánchez-Dengra B, Gonzalez-Alvarez I, Bermejo M, Gonzalez-Alvarez M. Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Modeling for Predicting Brain Levels of Drug in Rat. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1402. [PMID: 34575476 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the main obstacles in neurological disease treatment is the presence of the blood-brain barrier. New predictive high-throughput screening tools are essential to avoid costly failures in the advanced phases of development and to contribute to the 3 Rs policy. The objective of this work was to jointly develop a new in vitro system coupled with a physiological-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model able to predict brain concentration levels of different drugs in rats. Data from in vitro tests with three different cells lines (MDCK, MDCK-MDR1 and hCMEC/D3) were used together with PK parameters and three scaling factors for adjusting the model predictions to the brain and plasma profiles of six model drugs. Later, preliminary quantitative structure-property relationships (QSPRs) were constructed between the scaling factors and the lipophilicity of drugs. The predictability of the model was evaluated by internal validation. It was concluded that the PBPK model, incorporating the barrier resistance to transport, the disposition within the brain and the drug-brain binding combined with MDCK data, provided the best predictions for passive diffusion and carrier-mediated transported drugs, while in the other cell lines, active transport influence can bias predictions.
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Ji B, Xue Y, Xu Y, Liu S, Gough AH, Xie XQ, Wang J. Drug-Drug Interaction Between Oxycodone and Diazepam by a Combined in Silico Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Modeling Approach. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:1777-1790. [PMID: 33950681 PMCID: PMC8374491 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioids and benzodiazepines have complex drug-drug interactions (DDIs), which serve as an important source of adverse drug effects. In this work, we predicted the DDI between oxycodone (OXY) and diazepam (DZP) in the human body by applying in silico pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) modeling and simulation. First, we studied the PK interaction between OXY and DZP with a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model. Second, we applied molecular modeling techniques including molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, and the molecular mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) free energy method to predict the PD-DDI between these two drugs. The PK interaction between OXY and DZP predicted by the PBPK model was not obvious. No significant interaction was observed between the two drugs at normal doses, though very high doses of DZP demonstrated a non-negligible inhibitory effect on OXY metabolism. On the contrary, the molecular modeling study shows that DZP has potential to compete with OXY at the same binding pocket of the active μ-opioid receptor (MOR) and κ-opioid receptor (KOR). MD simulation and MM-PBSA calculation results demonstrated that there is likely a synergetic effect between OXY and DZP binding to opioid receptors, as OXY is likely to target the active MOR while DZP selectively binds to the active KOR. Thus, pharmacokinetics contributes slightly to the DDI between OXY and DZP although an overdose of DZP has been brought to attention. Pharmacodynamics is likely to play a more important role than pharmacokinetics in revealing the mechanism of DDI between OXY and DZP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beihong Ji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Computational Chemical Genomics Screening Center, School of Pharmacy, The University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261,NIH National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research, The University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15261, USA
| | - Ying Xue
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Computational Chemical Genomics Screening Center, School of Pharmacy, The University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261,NIH National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research, The University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15261, USA.,Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, The University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Computational Chemical Genomics Screening Center, School of Pharmacy, The University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261,NIH National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research, The University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15261, USA
| | - Shuhan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Computational Chemical Genomics Screening Center, School of Pharmacy, The University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261,NIH National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research, The University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15261, USA
| | - Albert H Gough
- Computational and Systems Biology, The University of Pittsburgh, Drug Discovery Institute, 800 Murdoch Building, 3420 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15260, USA
| | - Xiang Qun Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Computational Chemical Genomics Screening Center, School of Pharmacy, The University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261,NIH National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research, The University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15261, USA.,To whom correspondence should be addressed: Xiang-Qun Xie: Corresponding author, , School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh; Junmei Wang: Corresponding author, , School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh
| | - Junmei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Computational Chemical Genomics Screening Center, School of Pharmacy, The University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261,NIH National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research, The University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15261, USA.,To whom correspondence should be addressed: Xiang-Qun Xie: Corresponding author, , School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh; Junmei Wang: Corresponding author, , School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh
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Donnelly M, Tsakalozou E, Sharan S, Straubinger T, Bies R, Zhao L. Review of Complex Generic Drugs Delivered Through the Female Reproductive Tract: The Current Competitive Landscape and Emerging Role of Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling to Support Development and Regulatory Decisions. J Clin Pharmacol 2020; 60 Suppl 2:S26-S33. [PMID: 33274513 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.1760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Donnelly
- Division of Quantitative Methods and Modeling (DQMM), Office of Research and Standards (ORS), Office of Generic Drugs (OGD), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Eleftheria Tsakalozou
- Division of Quantitative Methods and Modeling (DQMM), Office of Research and Standards (ORS), Office of Generic Drugs (OGD), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Satish Sharan
- Division of Quantitative Methods and Modeling (DQMM), Office of Research and Standards (ORS), Office of Generic Drugs (OGD), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Thomas Straubinger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Robert Bies
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Liang Zhao
- Division of Quantitative Methods and Modeling (DQMM), Office of Research and Standards (ORS), Office of Generic Drugs (OGD), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
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Corriol-Rohou S, Cheung SYA. Industry Perspective on Using MIDD for Pediatric Studies Requiring Integration of Ontogeny. J Clin Pharmacol 2019; 59 Suppl 1:S112-S119. [PMID: 31502694 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.1495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Joining the Food and Drug Administration/University of Maryland Center of Excellence in Regulatory Science and Innovation Workshop to discuss and identify solutions to optimize pediatric drug development and, in particular, to address the question as to whether we are ready to incorporate pediatric ontogeny into modeling was the opportunity to share learnings, confront ideas, and present examples of studies performed in industry and academia. This was not only the opportunity to reflect on the experience and the knowledge so far within the current regulatory framework but also to look at the future and explore new and future approaches as well as best practices with the use of modeling and simulation and extrapolation as part of pediatric development.
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Fan Y, Mansoor N, Ahmad T, Khan RA, Czejka M, Sharib S, Yang DH, Ahmed M. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling for predicting irinotecan exposure in human body. Oncotarget 2017. [PMID: 28636998 PMCID: PMC5564636 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Treatment of colorectal cancer remains a challenge to clinicians as well as drug developers. Irinotecan, a Camptothecin derivative, is successfully used for the treatment of this rapidly progressing malignancy and finds its place in the first line of therapeutic agents. Irinotecan is also effective in treating SCLC, malignant glioma and pancreatic adenocarcinoma. However, its adverse effects limit its clinical application. Mainly metabolized by hepatic route, and excreted through biliary tract, this dug has been found to possess high variation in patients in its pharmacokinetic (PK) profile. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models using compartmental approach have attained their position to foresee the possible PK behavior of different drugs before their administration to patients and such models have been proposed for several anticancer agents. In this work, we used WB-PBPK technology to develop a model in a population of tumor patients who used IV irinotecan therapy. This model depicted the concentration of drug and its pharmacologically active metabolite in human body over a specific period of time. Knowledge about pharmacokinetic parameters is extracted from this profile and the model is evaluated by the observed results of clinical study presented in literature. The predicted behavior of the drug by this approach is in good agreement with the observed results and can aid in further exploration of PK of irinotecan in cancer patients, especially in those concomitantly suffer from other morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfang Fan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China.,Department Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Najia Mansoor
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Tasneem Ahmad
- Pharma Professional Services, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Rafeeq Alam Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Martin Czejka
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Syed Sharib
- Pharma Professional Services, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Dong-Hua Yang
- Department Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Mansoor Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
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Gobeau N, Stringer R, De Buck S, Tuntland T, Faller B. Evaluation of the GastroPlus™ Advanced Compartmental and Transit (ACAT) Model in Early Discovery. Pharm Res 2016; 33:2126-39. [PMID: 27278908 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-016-1951-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the oral exposure predictions obtained early in drug discovery with a generic GastroPlus Advanced Compartmental And Transit (ACAT) model based on the in vivo intravenous blood concentration-time profile, in silico properties (lipophilicity, pKa) and in vitro high-throughput absorption-distribution-metabolism-excretion (ADME) data (as determined by PAMPA, solubility, liver microsomal stability assays). METHODS The model was applied to a total of 623 discovery molecules and their oral exposure was predicted in rats and/or dogs. The predictions of Cmax, AUClast and Tmax were compared against the observations. RESULTS The generic model proved to make predictions of oral Cmax, AUClast and Tmax within 3-fold of the observations for rats in respectively 65%, 68% and 57% of the 537 cases. For dogs, it was respectively 77%, 79% and 85% of the 124 cases. Statistically, the model was most successful at predicting oral exposure of Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) class 1 compounds compared to classes 2 and 3, and was worst at predicting class 4 compounds oral exposure. CONCLUSION The generic GastroPlus ACAT model provided reasonable predictions especially for BCS class 1 compounds. For compounds of other classes, the model may be refined by obtaining more information on solubility and permeability in secondary assays. This increases confidence that such a model can be used in discovery projects to understand the parameters limiting absorption and extrapolate predictions across species. Also, when predictions disagree with the observations, the model can be updated to test hypotheses and understand oral absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Gobeau
- Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (MAP) Department, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, Route de Pré-Bois 20, PO Box 1826, 1215, Geneva 15, Switzerland.
| | - R Stringer
- Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (MAP) Department, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - S De Buck
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (DMPK) Department, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - T Tuntland
- Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (MAP) Department, Genomics Institute of the Novartis Foundation, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, San Diego, California, USA
| | - B Faller
- Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (MAP) Department, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
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