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Rousseau B, Bieche I, Pasmant E, Hamzaoui N, Leulliot N, Michon L, de Reynies A, Attignon V, Foote MB, Masliah-Planchon J, Svrcek M, Cohen R, Simmet V, Augereau P, Malka D, Hollebecque A, Pouessel D, Gomez-Roca C, Guimbaud R, Bruyas A, Guillet M, Grob JJ, Duluc M, Cousin S, de la Fouchardiere C, Flechon A, Rolland F, Hiret S, Saada-Bouzid E, Bouche O, Andre T, Pannier D, El Hajbi F, Oudard S, Tournigand C, Soria JC, Champiat S, Gerber DG, Stephens D, Lamendola-Essel MF, Maron SB, Diplas BH, Argiles G, Krishnan AR, Tabone-Eglinger S, Ferrari A, Segal NH, Cercek A, Hoog-Labouret N, Legrand F, Simon C, Lamrani-Ghaouti A, Diaz LA, Saintigny P, Chevret S, Marabelle A. PD-1 Blockade in Solid Tumors with Defects in Polymerase Epsilon. Cancer Discov 2022; 12:1435-1448. [PMID: 35398880 PMCID: PMC9167784 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-21-0521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Missense mutations in the polymerase epsilon (POLE) gene have been reported to generate proofreading defects resulting in an ultramutated genome and to sensitize tumors to checkpoint blockade immunotherapy. However, many POLE-mutated tumors do not respond to such treatment. To better understand the link between POLE mutation variants and response to immunotherapy, we prospectively assessed the efficacy of nivolumab in a multicenter clinical trial in patients bearing advanced mismatch repair-proficient POLE-mutated solid tumors. We found that only tumors harboring selective POLE pathogenic mutations in the DNA binding or catalytic site of the exonuclease domain presented high mutational burden with a specific single-base substitution signature, high T-cell infiltrates, and a high response rate to anti-PD-1 monotherapy. This study illustrates how specific DNA repair defects sensitize to immunotherapy. POLE proofreading deficiency represents a novel agnostic biomarker for response to PD-1 checkpoint blockade therapy. SIGNIFICANCE POLE proofreading deficiency leads to high tumor mutational burden with high tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and predicts anti-PD-1 efficacy in mismatch repair-proficient tumors. Conversely, tumors harboring POLE mutations not affecting proofreading derived no benefit from PD-1 blockade. POLE proofreading deficiency is a new tissue-agnostic biomarker for cancer immunotherapy. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1397.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Rousseau
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ivan Bieche
- Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université de Paris, CARPEM, Paris, France
| | - Eric Pasmant
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université de Paris, CARPEM, Paris, France
- Fédération de Génétique et Médecine Génomique, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP.Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Nadim Hamzaoui
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université de Paris, CARPEM, Paris, France
- Fédération de Génétique et Médecine Génomique, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP.Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Leulliot
- Cibles Thérapeutiques et Conception de Médicaments, CNRS UMR8015, Université de Paris, UFR de Pharmacie de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Lucas Michon
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Aurelien de Reynies
- Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS1138, AP-HP, SeqOIA-IT, Paris, France
| | | | - Michael B. Foote
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Magali Svrcek
- Pathology department, Saint Antoine Hospital
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Romain Cohen
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 938 and SIRIC CURAMUS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Equipe Instabilité des Microsatellites et Cancer, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, F-75012 Paris, France
- Medical Oncology Department, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Victor Simmet
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut de Cancérologie de l’Ouest (ICO), Angers, France
| | - Paule Augereau
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut de Cancérologie de l’Ouest (ICO), Angers, France
| | - David Malka
- Département d’Innovation Thérapeutique et d’Essais Précoces (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Antoine Hollebecque
- Département d’Innovation Thérapeutique et d’Essais Précoces (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Damien Pouessel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Claudius Regaud / IUCT Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Carlos Gomez-Roca
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Claudius Regaud / IUCT Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Amandine Bruyas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Lyon, France
| | - Marielle Guillet
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Lyon, France
| | | | - Muriel Duluc
- Dermatology and Oncology, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Aude Flechon
- Department of medical Oncology, Centre Leon Berard, Lyon, France
| | - Frederic Rolland
- Department of Medical Oncology, ICO Institut de Cancerologie de l’Ouest René Gauducheau, Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Sandrine Hiret
- Department of Medical Oncology, ICO Institut de Cancerologie de l’Ouest René Gauducheau, Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Esma Saada-Bouzid
- Medical Oncology, Centre Anticancer Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | - Olivier Bouche
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, CHU de Reims - Hôpital Robert Debré, Reims, France
| | - Thierry Andre
- Medical Oncology Department, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Stephane Oudard
- Oncology, Hopital Europeen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | - Jean-Charles Soria
- Département d’Innovation Thérapeutique et d’Essais Précoces (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Stephane Champiat
- Département d’Innovation Thérapeutique et d’Essais Précoces (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Drew G. Gerber
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dennis Stephens
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Steven B. Maron
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bill H. Diplas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Guillem Argiles
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Asha R. Krishnan
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Anthony Ferrari
- Platform of Bioinformatics Gilles Thomas-Synergie Lyon Cancer, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon
| | - Neil H. Segal
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrea Cercek
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Frederic Legrand
- Research and Innovation, Institut National du Cancer, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | | | | | - Luis A. Diaz
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pierre Saintigny
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Department of medical Oncology, Centre Leon Berard, Lyon, France
| | | | - Aurelien Marabelle
- Département d’Innovation Thérapeutique et d’Essais Précoces (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
- U1015 & CIC1428, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), Villejuif, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France
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Pellegrini B, Stöggl TL, Holmberg HC. Developments in the Biomechanics and Equipment of Olympic Cross-Country Skiers. Front Physiol 2018; 9:976. [PMID: 30087621 PMCID: PMC6066541 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, our aim was to describe the major changes in cross-country (XC) skiing in recent decades, as well as potential future developments. XC skiing has been an Olympic event since the very first Winter Games in Chamonix, France, in 1924. Over the past decades, considerable developments in skiing techniques and improvements in equipment and track preparation have increased skiing speed. In contrast to the numerous investigations on the physiological determinants of successful performance, key biomechanical factors have been less explored. Today’s XC skier must master a wide range of speeds, terrains, and race distances and formats (e.g., distance races with individual start, mass-start or pursuit; knock-out and team-sprint; relays), continuously adapting by alternating between various sub-techniques. Moreover, several of the new events in which skiers compete head-to-head favor technical and tactical flexibility and encourage high-speed techniques (including more rapid development of propulsive force and higher peak forces), as well as appropriate training. Moreover, the trends toward more extensive use of double poling and skiing without grip wax in classical races have given rise to regulations in connection with Olympic distances that appear to have preserved utilization of the traditional classical sub-techniques. In conclusion, although both XC equipment and biomechanics have developed significantly in recent decades, there is clearly room for further improvement. In this context as well, for analyzing performance and optimizing training, sensor technology has a potentially important role to play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Pellegrini
- CeRiSM Research Centre "Mountain, Sport and Health," Rovereto, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Hans-Christer Holmberg
- The Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden.,School of Sport Sciences, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Magen I, Ostritsky R, Richter F, Zhu C, Fleming SM, Lemesre V, Stewart AJ, Morimoto BH, Gozes I, Chesselet MF. Intranasal NAP (davunetide) decreases tau hyperphosphorylation and moderately improves behavioral deficits in mice overexpressing α-synuclein. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2014; 2:e00065. [PMID: 25505609 PMCID: PMC4186425 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have identified strong associations between the risk of developing Parkinson's disease (PD) and polymorphisms in the genes encoding α-synuclein and the microtubule-associated protein tau. However, the contribution of tau and its phosphorylated form (p-tau) to α-synuclein-induced pathology and neuronal dysfunction remains controversial. We have assessed the effects of NAP (davunetide), an eight-amino acid peptide that decreases tau hyperphosphorylation, in mice overexpressing wild-type human α-synuclein (Thy1-aSyn mice), a model that recapitulates aspects of PD. We found that the p-tau/tau level increased in a subcortical tissue block that includes the striatum and brain stem, and in the cerebellum of the Thy1-aSyn mice compared to nontransgenic controls. Intermittent intranasal NAP administration at 2 μg/mouse per day, 5 days a week, for 24 weeks, starting at 4 weeks of age, significantly decreased the ratio of p-tau/tau levels in the subcortical region while a higher dose of 15 μg/mouse per day induced a decrease in p-tau/tau levels in the cerebellum. Both NAP doses reduced hyperactivity, improved habituation to a novel environment, and reduced olfactory deficits in the Thy1-aSyn mice, but neither dose improved the severe deficits of motor coordination observed on the challenging beam and pole, contrasting with previous data obtained with continuous daily administration of the drug. The data reveal novel effects of NAP on brain p-tau/tau and behavioral outcomes in this model of synucleinopathy and suggest that sustained exposure to NAP may be necessary for maximal benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iddo Magen
- Department of Neurology, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA 710 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California, 90095-1769 ; Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Adams Super Center for Brain Studies and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Regina Ostritsky
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Adams Super Center for Brain Studies and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Franziska Richter
- Department of Neurology, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA 710 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California, 90095-1769
| | - Chunni Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA 710 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California, 90095-1769
| | - Sheila M Fleming
- Department of Neurology, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA 710 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California, 90095-1769
| | - Vincent Lemesre
- Department of Neurology, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA 710 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California, 90095-1769
| | - Alistair J Stewart
- Allon Therapeutics Inc. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6B 2S2 ; Paladin Labs Inc. 100 Blvd Alexis Nihon, Suite 600, St Laurent, Quebec, Canada, H4M 2P2
| | - Bruce H Morimoto
- Allon Therapeutics Inc. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6B 2S2 ; Celerion 621 Rose St, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68502
| | - Illana Gozes
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Adams Super Center for Brain Studies and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Marie-Françoise Chesselet
- Department of Neurology, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA 710 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California, 90095-1769
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