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Su D, Djureinovic D, Schoenfeld D, Marquez-Nostra B, Olino K, Jilaveanu L, Kluger H. Melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) expression as a marker of progression in melanoma. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-3314825. [PMID: 37790306 PMCID: PMC10543287 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3314825/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) plays a critical role in human pigmentation and DNA repair mechanisms. MC1R-targeting agents are being investigated in clinical trials in melanoma patients, yet large studies investigating the rate and degree of MC1R expression in primary and metastatic human melanoma tissue are lacking. Using tissue microarrays containing three large cohorts of 225 cases of benign nevi, 189 with primary melanoma, and 271 with metastatic melanoma, we applied quantitative immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry to comprehensively study MC1R protein expression. We show a stepwise elevation of MC1R expression in different stages of melanoma progression (nevi, primary, metastasis). Higher MC1R expression was seen in deeper (>1 mm) primary lesions, ulcerated lesions, and mucosal melanomas compared to cutaneous melanomas and was associated with shorter survival in primary and metastatic tumors. On multi-variable analysis, Breslow thickness, ulceration, male sex, and chronic sun exposure were independent predictors of worse overall survival in the primary melanoma cohort. In the metastatic melanoma cohort, MC1R expression and mucosal melanomas were independent predictors of inferior overall survival. Our data suggest that MC1R might be a valuable drug target in aggressive melanoma. Additional studies are warranted to determine its functional significance in melanoma progression and its utility as a predictive biomarker in patients receiving MC1R-directed therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Su
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Dijana Djureinovic
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - David Schoenfeld
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Bernadette Marquez-Nostra
- Department of Radiology, Division of Advanced Medical Imaging Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Kelly Olino
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Lucia Jilaveanu
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Harriet Kluger
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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Lu Y, Zhao N, Du Y. Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis reveals common potential mechanisms, progression markers, and immune cells of coronary virus disease 2019 and atrial fibrillation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1027026. [PMID: 36352845 PMCID: PMC9637541 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1027026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in coronary virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, especially in severe patients. A history of AF can exacerbate COVID-19 symptoms. COVID-19 Patients with new-onset AF have prolonged hospital stays and increased death risk. However, the mechanisms and targets of the interaction between COVID-19 and AF have not been elucidated. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used a series of bioinformatics analyses to understand biological pathways, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, gene regulatory networks (GRNs), and protein-chemical interactions between COVID-19 and AF and constructed an AF-related gene signature to assess COVID-19 severity and prognosis. RESULTS We found folate and one-carbon metabolism, calcium regulation, and TFG-β signaling pathway as potential mechanisms linking COVID-19 and AF, which may be involved in alterations in neutrophil metabolism, inflammation, and endothelial cell function. We identified hug genes and found that NF-κb, hsa-miR-1-3p, hsa-miR-124-3p, valproic acid, and quercetin may be key regulatory molecules. We constructed a 3-gene signature consisting of ARG1, GIMAP7, and RFX2 models for the assessment of COVID-19 severity and prognosis, and found that they are associated with neutrophils, T cells, and hematopoietic stem cells, respectively. CONCLUSION Our study reveals a dysregulation of metabolism, inflammation, and immunity between COVID-19 and AF, and identified several therapeutic targets and progression markers. We hope that the results will reveal important insights into the complex interactions between COVID-19 and AF that will drive novel drug development and help in severity assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Research Center of Ion Channelopathy, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Institute of Cardiology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Lab for Biological Targeted Therapy of Education Ministry and Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Research Center of Ion Channelopathy, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Institute of Cardiology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Lab for Biological Targeted Therapy of Education Ministry and Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yimei Du
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Research Center of Ion Channelopathy, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Institute of Cardiology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Lab for Biological Targeted Therapy of Education Ministry and Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Shen W, Bian L, Ma Y, Yin X. Serum IL-6 as a marker of disease progression in interstitial nephritis. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:3189-3197. [PMID: 35702112 PMCID: PMC9185073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) change in disease progression of interstitial nephritis. METHODS This is a retrospective study. From November 2017 to November 2019, 87 patients with interstitial nephritis treated in our hospital were enrolled and divided into an acute group (n=42) and a chronic group (n=45) based on pathological results of renal biopsies. Forty healthy individuals after physical examination during the same period were enrolled into the reference group. Serum IL-6 levels were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Among the three groups, patients in the acute group showed the highest IL-6 level (P<0.001). The acute group obtained higher serum advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) levels and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) than the other two groups (P<0.05). The acute group showed lower levels of CD34+ [number of positive microvessels (MVs)/HP], a smaller type III collagen positive area, and a larger type IV collagen positive area than the chronic group (P<0.05). The acute group obtained higher levels of IL-27 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) than the chronic group (P<0.001). The acute group had higher levels of serum creatinine (SCr), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and 24-hour urine protein quantity (24 h UPQ) than the other groups (P<0.001). The combined detection of serum IL-6, TNF-α, and micro-albumin (mALB) outperformed the stand-alone approach (P<0.05). Serum IL-32 and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) levels in the acute and chronic group were positively correlated with SCr and 24 h UPQ (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Serum IL-6 shows a great potential as an important marker of disease progression in interstitial nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shen
- People’s Hospital of RizhaoRizhao, Shandong, China
| | - Luyan Bian
- Department of Nephrology, Qingdao Municipal HospitalQingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Tai’an TSCM HospitalTai’An, China
| | - Xiuyan Yin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao, Shandong, China
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Zimansky L, Muntean ML, Leha A, Mollenhauer B, Trenkwalder C, Sixel-Döring F. Incidence and Progression of Rapid Eye Movement Behavior Disorder in Early Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2021; 8:534-540. [PMID: 33977115 PMCID: PMC8088113 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is associated with neurodegenerative diseases; however, few longitudinal studies assess the individual evolution of RBD and REM sleep without atonia (RWA) in Parkinson's disease (PD). Objectives We aimed to evaluate RBD and RWA changes over time as well as potentially influential factors. Methods RBD and RWA were analyzed using video‐supported polysomnography (vPSG) in initially de novo PD patients at baseline and every 2 years for a total of 6 years. The influence of time, age, sex, levodopa equivalent daily dose (LEDD), unified Parkinson's disease rating scale (UPDRS) sum scores, benzodiazepine intake, Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) total scores, and dyskinesia on RWA were investigated using mixed‐effect models to account for intra‐individual correlations. Results After 6 years, vPSG data were available from 98 of the initial 159 de novo PD patients. RBD prevalence increased from 25% at baseline to 52%. Of the 31 PD patients with RBD and valid vPSGs at all time‐points, RWA increased from an average of 19% at baseline to 41% at 6‐year follow‐up modeled to grow by 29.7% every 2 years (P < 0.001). Time was an independent factor (P < 0.001) for RWA increase. Age was an independent factor influencing RWA increase (P = 0.04). Sex, LEDD, UPDRS sum scores, benzodiazepines, MMSE total scores, and dyskinesia did not have any significant influence. Conclusions RBD and RWA increased significantly over time in PD; time and age were independent factors in a prospective cohort. RBD and RWA can be considered PD progression markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Zimansky
- Department of Neurosurgery University Medical Center Göttingen Germany.,Paracelsus-Elena Klinik Kassel Germany
| | | | - Andreas Leha
- Department of Medical Statistics University Medical Center Göttingen Germany
| | - Brit Mollenhauer
- Paracelsus-Elena Klinik Kassel Germany.,Department of Neurology University Medical Center Göttingen Germany
| | - Claudia Trenkwalder
- Department of Neurosurgery University Medical Center Göttingen Germany.,Paracelsus-Elena Klinik Kassel Germany
| | - Friederike Sixel-Döring
- Paracelsus-Elena Klinik Kassel Germany.,Department of Neurology Philipps-University Marburg Germany
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Wang J, Hu L, Liu Z, Wang H, Zhang H, Song X, Sun X, Wang D. Identification of Heat Shock Protein 90 as a Recurrence Related Marker in Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2021; 36:8-17. [PMID: 33940949 DOI: 10.1177/19458924211012820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is a highly recurrent tumor after curative surgery. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) expression in JNA and its association with tumor recurrence. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess HSP90 expression using tissue microarrays containing 70 JNA patients and 10 control subjects. The associations of HSP90 expression with clinicopathological features and tumor recurrence were analyzed. RESULTS Immunohistochemistry revealed high HSP90 expression in JNA compared with normal middle turbinate samples. High expression of HSP90, which correlated with MVD (P = .001), ER-α (P = .001), VEGF (P < .001) and JNA recurrence (P = .009), was an independent prognostic factor of time to recurrence (P = .017). The combination of HSP90 and ER-α had a better power to predict disease recurrence than other clinicopathological features (P = .008). CONCLUSIONS HSP90 may be an independent prognostic marker in JNA patients administered surgical treatment. Combination of HSP90 and ER-α expression may be the best predictor of tumor recurrence among all clinicopathological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Hu
- Department of Experimental Center, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuofu Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Huankang Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaole Song
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - XiCai Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - DeHui Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
The field of prodromal PD is still in its infancy, and at the cusp of major advances. This article summarizes where we are, and most importantly where we need to go in order for the promise of prodromal PD to be realized. In the immediate future, the criteria need to be updated with additional markers and disseminated broadly. In the near future, they need to better incorporate changes in likelihood ratio with age and sex, combine markers in novel ways using big data approaches, identify subtypes, and incorporate better higher-specificity markers as they are discovered. Integration of smartphone/wearable markers and biomarkers of progression from the prodromal phase will allow development of neuroprotective trials in early stages. By 2040, it is hoped that prodromal criteria will be incorporated into active neuroprotective treatment programs, allowing a program of population-based screening followed by early treatment and ultimately the prevention of clinical PD from ever becoming manifest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Berg
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.,Department of Neurodegeneration, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ronald B Postuma
- Department of Neurology, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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