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Qin L, Li Q, Li J. Amplified P2X 3 pathway activity in muscle afferent dorsal root ganglion neurons and exercise pressor reflex regulation in hindlimb ischaemia-reperfusion. Exp Physiol 2024; 109:524-534. [PMID: 38213082 PMCID: PMC10988672 DOI: 10.1113/ep091616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Hindlimb ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) is among the most prominent pathophysiological conditions observed in peripheral artery disease (PAD). An exaggerated arterial blood pressure (BP) response during exercise is associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular events in individuals with PAD. However, the precise mechanisms leading to this exaggerated BP response are poorly elucidated. The P2X3 signalling pathway, which plays a key role in modifying the exercise pressor reflex (EPR), is the focus of the present study. We determined the regulatory role of P2X3 on the EPR in a rat model of hindlimb IR. In vivo and in vitro approaches were used to determine the expression and functions of P2X3 in muscle afferent nerves and EPR in IR rats. We found that in IR rats there was (1) upregulation of P2X3 protein expression in the L4-6 dorsal root ganglia (DRG); (2) amplified P2X currents in isolated isolectin B4 (IB4)-positive muscle DRG neurons; and (3) amplification of the P2X-mediated BP response. We further verified that both A-317491 and siRNA knockdown of P2X3 significantly decreased the activity of P2X currents in isolated muscle DRG neurons. Moreover, inhibition of muscle afferents' P2X3 receptor using A-317491 was observed to alleviate the exaggerated BP response induced by static muscle contraction and P2X-induced BP response by α,β-methylene ATP injection. P2X3 signalling pathway activity is amplified in muscle afferent DRG neurons in regulating the EPR following hindlimb IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Qin
- Heart and Vascular InstitutePenn State College of MedicineHersheyPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Qin Li
- Heart and Vascular InstitutePenn State College of MedicineHersheyPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Jianhua Li
- Heart and Vascular InstitutePenn State College of MedicineHersheyPennsylvaniaUSA
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Liu X, Yang Y, Gao Y, Zhang H, Zhu J, Dong X, Xu J. Estrogen inhibits bladder overactivity in rats with cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis via downregulating the expression of P2X3 receptors in bladder epithelium cells. Neurourol Urodyn 2021; 41:174-187. [PMID: 34622458 DOI: 10.1002/nau.24811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The therapeutic effect of estrogen on interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome is unclear. We aim to explore the effect of estrogen on bladder overactivity in rats with cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis and its underlying mechanism. METHODS In vivo cystometry was used to determine the effect of estrogen on bladder excitability. The effect of estrogen on the expression of P2X3 receptors in bladder epithelium was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot. Effect of P2X3 receptors in bladder urothelium on stretch-released adenosine triphosphate was performed by a Flexcell FX5000 Compression system and an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kit. RESULTS Estrogen deprivation significantly increased the urinary frequency, while supplementation with diarylpropionitrile (DPN), an estrogen receptor β (ERβ) agonist, alleviated the urinary frequency. 17β-Estradiol and DPN decreased the expression of P2X3 receptors in urothelium cells which was partially inhibited by ERβ antagonist 4-[2-phenyl-5,7-bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl]phenol. Meanwhile, inhibiting the expression of P2X3 receptors by ERβ agonist or antagonizing the function of P2X3 receptors by selective P2X3 receptor antagonist AF-353 or A-317491 significantly reduced the stretch-released ATP from urothelium cells. CONCLUSIONS Estrogen has a direct effect on the regulation of bladder overactivity in rats with cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis by downregulating the expression of bladder epithelial P2X3 receptors through ERβ and reducing the adenosine triphosphate released from urothelium during bladder filling, thereby inhibiting the generation of the micturition reflex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, Shapingba, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, Shapingba, P.R. China
| | - Ye Gao
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, Shapingba, P.R. China
| | - Hengshuai Zhang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, Shapingba, P.R. China
| | - Jingzhen Zhu
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, Shapingba, P.R. China
| | - Xingyou Dong
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, Shapingba, P.R. China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, Shapingba, P.R. China
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He YQ, Lang XQ, Lin L, Ji L, Yuan XY, Chen Q, Ran YM, Chen HS, Li L, Wang JM, Wang ZG, Gregersen H, Zou DW, Liang HP, Yang M. P2X3 receptor-mediated visceral hyperalgesia and neuronal sensitization following exposure to PTSD-like stress in the dorsal root ganglia of rats. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017; 29. [PMID: 27781340 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often share co-morbidity with chronic pain conditions. Recent studies suggest a role of P2X3 receptors and ATP signaling in pain conditions. However, the underlying mechanisms of visceral hyperalgesia following exposure to PTSD-like stress conditions remain unclarified. METHODS The behavior and hormones relevant for PTSD were studied. Visceromotor responses (VMR) and the abdominal withdrawal reflexes (AWR) to colorectal distention (CRD) were recorded to determine P2X3-receptor-mediated alteration of hyperalgesia following single-prolonged stress (SPS) exposure. Immunofluorescence, Western blotting, and patch-clamp were used. KEY RESULTS The escape latency, adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol were increased on days 7-14. Visceromotor responses and AWR was reduced at day 1 in SPS rats but increased to higher levels than in controls after exposure to day 7. Intrathecal administration of the P2X3-receptor antagonist TNP-ATP abolished the CRD response. Based on immunofluorescence and Western blotting analysis, SPS-treated rats exhibited reduced P2X3 expression in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) after day 1 compared with controls. P2X3 expression in DRG was enhanced on day 7 after SPS and the increase of the P2X3 expression was maintained on day 14 and 21 compared with controls. The P2X3-receptor agonist α,β-me ATP (10 μM) induced a fast desensitizing inward current in DRG neurons of both control and SPS-treated rats. The average peak current densities in SPS-treated group were increased 3.6-fold. TNP-ATP (100 nM) markedly blocked all fast α,β-me ATP-induced inward currents in the DRG neurons both in control and SPS-treated rats. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES The data indicate an important role of P2X3 signaling in visceral hyperalgesia following PTSD-like stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-Q He
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - X-Q Lang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - L Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - L Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - X-Y Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Q Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Y-M Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - H-S Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - L Li
- Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - J-M Wang
- Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Z-G Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - H Gregersen
- GIOME and the Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - D-W Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - H-P Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - M Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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