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Ye H, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Li B, Cao R, Dai L, Huang B, Tian P, Li L, Han Y. Bivalirudin Attenuates Thrombin-Induced Endothelial Hyperpermeability via S1P/ S1PR2 Category: Original Articles. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:721200. [PMID: 34413778 PMCID: PMC8369898 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.721200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: To explore the role of the Sphingosine 1-Phosphate (S1P)/Receptor2 (S1PR2) pathway in thrombin-induced hyperpermeability (TIP) and to test whether bivalirudin can reverse TIP via the S1P-S1PRs pathway. Methods and Results: Using western blot, we demonstrated that Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) that were cultured with 2 U/ml thrombin showed significantly increased S1PR2 expression while S1PR1and three kept unchanged. Such increment was attenuated by JTE-013 pretreatment and by presence of bivalirudin. Exposure of 2 U/ml of thrombin brought a higher level of S1P both intracellularly and extracellularly within the HUVECs by using ELISA detecting. Thrombin induced S1P and S1PR2 increment was restored by usage of PF543 and bivalirudin. Bivalirudin alone did not influenced the level of S1P and S1PR1,2, and S1PR3 compare to control group. As a surrogate of cytoskeleton morphology, phalloidin staining and immunofluorescence imaging were used. Blurry cell edges and intercellular vacuoles or spaces were observed along thrombin-exposed HUVECs. Presence of JTE-013 and bivalirudin attenuated such thrombin-induced permeability morphological change and presence of heparin failed to show the protective effect. Transwell chamber assay and probe assay were used to measure and compare endothelial permeability in vitro. An increased TIP was observed in HUVECs cultured with thrombin, and coculture with bivalirudin, but not heparin, alleviated this increase. JTE-013 treatment yielded to similar TIP alleviating effect. In vivo, an Evans blue assay was used to test subcutaneous and organ microvascular permeability after the treatment of saline only, thrombin + saline, thrombin + bivalirudin, thrombin + heparin or thrombin + JTE-013. Increased subcutaneous and organ tissue permeability after thrombin treatment was observed in thrombin + saline and thrombin + heparin groups while treatment of bivalirudin and JTE-013 absent this effect. Conclusion: S1P/S1PR2 mediates TIP by impairing vascular endothelial barrier function. Unlike heparin, bivalirudin effectively blocked TIP by inhibiting the thrombin-induced S1P increment and S1PR2 expression, suggesting the novel endothelial protective effect of bivalirudin under pathological procoagulant circumstance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yizhi Zhang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihui Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Biao Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruhao Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Libing Dai
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pingge Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaling Han
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
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Li X, Liu R, Huang Z, Gurley EC, Wang X, Wang J, He H, Yang H, Lai G, Zhang L, Bajaj JS, White M, Pandak WM, Hylemon PB, Zhou H. Cholangiocyte-derived exosomal long noncoding RNA H19 promotes cholestatic liver injury in mouse and humans. Hepatology 2018; 68:599-615. [PMID: 29425397 PMCID: PMC6085159 DOI: 10.1002/hep.29838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Cholestatic liver injury is an important clinical problem with limited understanding of disease pathologies. Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles released by a variety of cells, including cholangiocytes. Exosome-mediated cell-cell communication can modulate various cellular functions by transferring a variety of intracellular components to target cells. Our recent studies indicate that the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), H19, is mainly expressed in cholangiocytes, and its aberrant expression is associated with significant down-regulation of small heterodimer partner (SHP) in hepatocytes and cholestatic liver injury in multidrug resistance 2 knockout (Mdr2-/- ) mice. However, how cholangiocyte-derived H19 suppresses SHP in hepatocytes remains unknown. Here, we report that cholangiocyte-derived exosomes mediate transfer of H19 into hepatocytes and promote cholestatic injury. Hepatic H19 level is correlated with severity of cholestatic injury in both fibrotic mouse models, including Mdr2-/- mice, a well-characterized model of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), or CCl4 -induced cholestatic liver injury mouse models, and human PSC patients. Moreover, serum exosomal-H19 level is gradually up-regulated during disease progression in Mdr2-/- mice and patients with cirrhosis. H19-carrying exosomes from the primary cholangiocytes of wild-type (WT) mice suppress SHP expression in hepatocytes, but not the exosomes from the cholangiocytes of H19-/- mice. Furthermore, overexpression of H19 significantly suppressed SHP expression at both transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. Importantly, transplant of H19-carrying serum exosomes of old fibrotic Mdr2-/- mice significantly promoted liver fibrosis (LF) in young Mdr2-/- mice. CONCLUSION Cholangiocyte-derived exosomal-H19 plays a critical role in cholestatic liver injury. Serum exosomal H19 represents a noninvasive biomarker and potential therapeutic target for cholestatic diseases. (Hepatology 2018).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiaoyang Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Runping Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Zhiming Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Emily C. Gurley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition and McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Virginia Commonwealth University
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States
| | - Hongliang He
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States
| | - Hu Yang
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States
| | - Guanhua Lai
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Luyong Zhang
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jasmohan S Bajaj
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition and McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Virginia Commonwealth University
| | - Melanie White
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition and McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Virginia Commonwealth University
| | - William M Pandak
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition and McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Virginia Commonwealth University
| | - Phillip B. Hylemon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Huiping Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA,Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China,Address correspondence to: Huiping Zhou, Ph.D., Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 1217 East Marshall Street, MSB#533, Richmond, VA, 23298-0678, USA, Tel: 804-828-6817; Fax: 804-828-0676,
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Nagahashi M, Takabe K, Liu R, Peng K, Wang X, Wang Y, Hait NC, Wang X, Allegood JC, Yamada A, Aoyagi T, Liang J, Pandak WM, Spiegel S, Hylemon PB, Zhou H. Conjugated bile acid-activated S1P receptor 2 is a key regulator of sphingosine kinase 2 and hepatic gene expression. Hepatology 2015; 61:1216-26. [PMID: 25363242 PMCID: PMC4376566 DOI: 10.1002/hep.27592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Bile acids are important hormones during the feed/fast cycle, allowing the liver to coordinately regulate nutrient metabolism. How they accomplish this has not been fully elucidated. Conjugated bile acids activate both the ERK1/2 and AKT signaling pathways via sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1PR2) in rodent hepatocytes and in vivo. Here, we report that feeding mice a high-fat diet, infusion of taurocholate into the chronic bile fistula rat, or overexpression of the gene encoding S1PR2 in mouse hepatocytes significantly upregulated hepatic sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK2) but not SphK1. Key genes encoding nuclear receptors/enzymes involved in nutrient metabolism were significantly downregulated in livers of S1PR2(-/-) and SphK2(-/-) mice. In contrast, overexpression of the gene encoding S1PR2 in primary mouse hepatocytes differentially increased SphK2, but not SphK1, and mRNA levels of key genes involved in nutrient metabolism. Nuclear levels of sphingosine-1-phosphate, an endogenous inhibitor of histone deacetylases 1 and 2, as well as the acetylation of histones H3K9, H4K5, and H2BK12 were significantly decreased in hepatocytes prepared from S1PR2(-/-) and SphK2(-/-) mice. CONCLUSION Both S1PR2(-/-) and SphK2(-/-) mice rapidly developed fatty livers on a high-fat diet, suggesting the importance of conjugated bile acids, S1PR2, and SphK2 in regulating hepatic lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Nagahashi
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298,Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan, 951-8510
| | - Kazuaki Takabe
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298,Address correspondence to: Huiping Zhou, Ph.D, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, P.O. Box 980678, Richmond, VA 23298-0678, Tel: 804-828-6817; Fax: 804-828-0676, Or Kazuaki Takabbe, M.D., Ph.D., FACS, Department of Surgery, VCU, P.O. Box 980011, Richmond, VA 23298-0011, Tel. 804-828-9322, Fax. 804-828-4809, Or Phillip B. Hylemon, Ph.D., Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Virginia Campus-VCU, PO Box 908678, Richmond, VA 23298-0678, Tel: (804) 347-1752; Fax. (804) 828-0676,
| | - Runping Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298,McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298
| | - Kesong Peng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298,McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298
| | - Nitai C. Hait
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298,McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298
| | - Jeremy C. Allegood
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298
| | - Akimitsu Yamada
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298
| | - Tomoyoshi Aoyagi
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298
| | - Jie Liang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298
| | - William M. Pandak
- McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298
| | - Sarah Spiegel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298
| | - Phillip B. Hylemon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298,McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298,Address correspondence to: Huiping Zhou, Ph.D, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, P.O. Box 980678, Richmond, VA 23298-0678, Tel: 804-828-6817; Fax: 804-828-0676, Or Kazuaki Takabbe, M.D., Ph.D., FACS, Department of Surgery, VCU, P.O. Box 980011, Richmond, VA 23298-0011, Tel. 804-828-9322, Fax. 804-828-4809, Or Phillip B. Hylemon, Ph.D., Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Virginia Campus-VCU, PO Box 908678, Richmond, VA 23298-0678, Tel: (804) 347-1752; Fax. (804) 828-0676,
| | - Huiping Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298,McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298,Address correspondence to: Huiping Zhou, Ph.D, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, P.O. Box 980678, Richmond, VA 23298-0678, Tel: 804-828-6817; Fax: 804-828-0676, Or Kazuaki Takabbe, M.D., Ph.D., FACS, Department of Surgery, VCU, P.O. Box 980011, Richmond, VA 23298-0011, Tel. 804-828-9322, Fax. 804-828-4809, Or Phillip B. Hylemon, Ph.D., Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Virginia Campus-VCU, PO Box 908678, Richmond, VA 23298-0678, Tel: (804) 347-1752; Fax. (804) 828-0676,
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