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Crowder V, Brady V, Johnson C, Whisenant M. Patient competence in chronic illness: A concept derivation. J Clin Nurs 2024; 33:1575-1581. [PMID: 38178571 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES This paper aims to inform nursing and other healthcare disciplines by clearly defining patient competence and the skills required to improve self-care behaviours. BACKGROUND Competence has been defined in education and leadership. However, competence in persons with chronic disease has not been expanded upon since one publication in 1983. Patient competence needs to be developed and defined so that healthcare disciplines can understand the attributes necessary for a patient to be deemed competent to promote self-care behaviours. DESIGN A concept derivation. METHODS Walker and Avant's approach to concept derivation was used to identify a base concept (competence) that is well-defined in another field, define the concepts associated with the parent field, and transpose that definition to a new field to formulate a redefined concept. PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science and Medline were searched, and 21 articles were included. RESULTS Patient competence is defined as the ability of a person with a chronic illness to reach skill mastery, achieve knowledge, maintain a positive attitude and develop trust in themselves and in healthcare providers that will facilitate active engagement to improve self-care behaviours. CONCLUSIONS Defining patient competence is important in assisting nurses and other healthcare providers in understanding the attributes needed to deem a patient competent, especially those living with chronic illnesses requiring lifelong self-care behaviours. More research is needed to aid in the designing of a precise instrument for measuring this phenomenon. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Concept derivation of patient competence provides a framework for nurses and other members of the healthcare profession to understand the attributes needed to determine patient competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Crowder
- Department of Research, Cizik School of Nursing, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Veronica Brady
- Department of Research, Cizik School of Nursing, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Constance Johnson
- Department of Research, Cizik School of Nursing, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Meagan Whisenant
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Son YJ, Jang I. One-year trajectories of self-care behaviours and unplanned hospital readmissions among patients with heart failure: A prospective longitudinal study. J Clin Nurs 2023; 32:6427-6440. [PMID: 36823709 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
AIM AND OBJECTIVES This study aimed to identify the associations between longitudinal trajectories of self-care behaviours and unplanned hospital readmissions in patients with heart failure. BACKGROUND Adherence to self-care behaviours is crucial to prevent hospital readmissions; however, self-care behaviours remain unsatisfactory among patients with heart failure. Studies of long-term trajectories of self-care behaviours and their influence on hospital readmissions are limited in this population. DESIGN A prospective, longitudinal observational study. METHODS Among 137 participants with heart failure (mean age 67.36 years, 62% men), we analysed the 1-year follow-up data to determine the association between 1-year trajectories of self-care behaviours and hospital readmissions using Kaplan-Meier analysis and multivariable Cox regression, adjusted for confounding variables. RESULTS Self-care behaviour trajectories of heart failure patients were classified as 'high-stable' (58.4%) or 'low-sustained' (41.6%). The cumulative rate of readmissions for the low-sustained class was higher than that of the high-stable class for all periods. Factors influencing readmissions included anaemia, cognitive function, frailty and self-care behaviours trajectories. The low-sustained class had a 2.77 times higher risk of readmissions within 1 year than that in the high-stable class. CONCLUSIONS Longitudinal self-care behaviours pattern trajectories of heart failure patients were stratified as high-stable and low-sustained. Routine follow-up assessment of patients' self-care behavioural patterns, including anaemia and frailty, and cognitive function can minimise unplanned hospital readmissions. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Identification of trajectory patterns of self-care behaviours over time and provision of timely and individualised care can reduce readmissions for heart failure patients. Healthcare professionals should recognise the significance of developing tailored strategies incorporating longitudinal self-care behavioural patterns in heart failure patients. REPORTING METHOD The study has been reported in accordance with the STROBE checklist (Appendix S1). PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION Patients have completed a self-reported questionnaire after providing informed consent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn-Jung Son
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Insil Jang
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
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Son Y, Kim S, Lee W, Won H, Cho JH, Hong J, Choi H, Kim D, Lim A, Kim HM. The effects of a 24-week interactive text message-based mobile health intervention for enhancing self-care behaviours of patients with heart failure: A quasi-experimental study. Nurs Open 2023; 10:6309-6319. [PMID: 37313589 PMCID: PMC10416075 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to identify the effects of a 24-week interactive text message-based mobile health intervention (called) on enhancing the self-care behaviours of patients with heart failure. BACKGROUND Whether text message-based mobile health intervention can be used to improve long-term adherence to self-care behaviours among heart failure patients remains unclear. DESIGN A quasi-experimental study with a pretest-post-test design and repeated measures. METHODS Data from 100 patients (mean age, 58.78 years; 83.0% men) were analysed. The intervention group (n = 50) used the program over 24 weeks, which consisted of weekly goal setting and interactive text messaging, while the control group (n = 50) received usual care. Trained research assistants collected data using self-reported Likert questionnaires. Primary (self-care behaviours) and secondary (health literacy, eHealth literacy, and disease knowledge) outcome variables were measured at baseline and at 1, 3 and 6 months after intervention for follow-up. RESULTS The findings showed that the intervention group demonstrated significantly better self-care behaviours than the control group during the 6 months. Notably, the trajectory of self-care behaviours of the patients in the intervention group showed a steep rise between the first- and third-month follow-up, followed by high stability between the third- and sixth-month follow-up. In addition, the intervention group had significantly higher disease knowledge than the control group at the first- and sixth-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS We found that the program, as an interactive text messaging service, may be an optimal strategy for improving long-term adherence to self-care behaviours through motivating and providing social support. RELEVANCE TO THE NURSING PRACTICE The WithUs program can help nurses and other healthcare professionals to track patients' health indicators such as symptom severity, diet and physical activity. In addition, nurses can take an important role in evaluating the efficacy of the app in relation to patients' health outcome. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION Patients have completed a self-reported questionnaire after providing informed consent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn‐Jung Son
- Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung‐Ang UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
| | - Sang‐Wook Kim
- Heart and Brain Hospital, Chung‐Ang University Gwangmyeong HospitalChung Ang University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Wang‐Soo Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Chung‐Ang University HospitalChung‐Ang University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Hoyoun Won
- Division of Cardiology, Chung‐Ang University HospitalChung‐Ang University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Jun Hwan Cho
- Heart and Brain Hospital, Chung‐Ang University Gwangmyeong HospitalChung Ang University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Joonhwa Hong
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chung‐Ang University HospitalChung‐Ang University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Hong‐Jae Choi
- Graduate School of Nursing, Chung‐Ang UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
| | - Da‐Young Kim
- Graduate School of Nursing, Chung‐Ang UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
| | - Arum Lim
- Johns Hopkins University School of NursingBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Hyue Mee Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Chung‐Ang University HospitalChung‐Ang University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
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Rajkumar E, Kruthika GT, Padiri RA, Lakshmi R, Daniel M, John R, Abraham J. Understanding Self-Care Behaviours among Type II Diabetes Patients: A Behaviour Change Models' Perspective. Curr Diabetes Rev 2023; 19:107-119. [PMID: 35598234 DOI: 10.2174/1573399818666220519142118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-care behaviours among diabetes patients is often hindered because of various psycho-social factors which become obstacles to their better diabetes management and its proper outcome. The current study aims to find out these psycho-social factors that influence the execution of self-care behaviours among Type II diabetes patients from the perspective of various behaviour change models. METHODS The study adopted a correlational research design. A total of 266 participants above the age group of 18 years and diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were selected using purposive sampling from the Indian state of Karnataka. The data were collected using The Health Belief Questionnaire, Theory of Planned Behaviour Questionnaire (TPBQ), Socio-Ecological Model Questionnaire, and Diabetic Self-Care Activities Revised (SDSCA-R). The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson product-moment correlation and multiple regression. RESULTS From the findings, it was observed that the domains of perceived susceptibility, cues to action and subjective norms are positively correlated with self-care behaviours significantly at p<0.05 levels, while the domains of socio-ecological theory, personal, interpersonal, media and policy and community organizations are significantly positively correlated with self-care behaviour at p<0.01 levels. The linear regression of the domains of health belief model, theory of planned behaviour and socio-ecological theory on self-care behaviour showed that the statistically significant final model explained 14.9% (R2 =.149), F (3,262) =15.337, p< 0.000. The significant predictors are community at p<0.000 level, self-efficacy and perceived severity at p<0.05 levels. CONCLUSION The study results ascertain the necessity of a psychosocial approach or the sociocognitive perspective to understand the factors that actually enable a diabetes patient to engage in more self-care behaviours. In the Indian scenario, where health literacy is very minimum, the findings of the study can be used to implement better strategies for diabetes management both at the level of medical/mental health professionals and at the level of media and policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eslavath Rajkumar
- Department of Psychology, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi, India
| | - G T Kruthika
- Department of Psychology, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi, India
| | - Ruth Angiel Padiri
- Department of Applied Psychology, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur, India
| | - R Lakshmi
- Department of Psychology, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi, India
| | - Monica Daniel
- Department of Psychology, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi, India
| | - Romate John
- Department of Psychology, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi, India
| | - John Abraham
- Department of Family Medicine, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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Lin MH, Ou HY, Wang RH, Lin CH, Liao HY, Chen HM. Glycaemic control mediates the relationships of employment status and self-stigma with self-care behaviours in young adults with type 2 diabetes. J Clin Nurs 2021; 31:582-591. [PMID: 34131958 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To investigate the relationships of sociodemographic factors, self-stigma, glycaemic control (measured by glycated haemoglobin (A1C)) and self-care behaviours in young adults with type 2 diabetes. BACKGROUND Young adults aged 25-44 years are in their most productive period. Once diagnosed with diabetes, this population tends to experience poor glycaemic control and perform poorly in self-care activities. Such patterns may raise perceptions of self-stigma and further decrease motivations to engage in self-care behaviours in patients with diabetes. DESIGN A cross-sectional, correlational research design. METHODS The STROBE guidelines for cross-sectional studies were followed. A convenience sample of 115 participants was recruited from a medical centre in southern Taiwan. Instruments included the Self-Stigma Scale-Chinese version and the Diabetes Self-Care Behaviours Scale. Data were analysed using a three-step hierarchical regression analysis and the Sobel test. RESULTS The average age of the participants was 36.7 years. Marital status, employment status, self-stigma and A1C were significantly associated with self-care behaviours, and these four variables explained 43.6% of the variance in self-care behaviours. However, A1C (β = -.58, p < .001) was found to be the only determinant of self-care behaviours in the last regression model. The Sobel test showed that A1C had mediating effects on self-stigma and self-care behaviours as well as employment status and self-care behaviours. CONCLUSION This study supports the interactive relationship among self-stigma, employment status, glycaemic control and self-care behaviours in young adults with type 2 diabetes. Strategies aimed at optimising glycaemic control can help reduce the effects of self-stigma perceptions and employment status on the self-care behaviours of such patients. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE More effective educational programmes should be designed to improve glycaemic control, lower the effects of employment and decrease perceptions of self-stigma to further motivate young adults to engage in better diabetes self-care behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- May-Hung Lin
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Jen Junior College of Nursing Health Sciences and Management, Chiayi County, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Yih Ou
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ruey-Hsia Wang
- College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Han Lin
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Yun Liao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, E-DA Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Mei Chen
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Pereira Sousa J, Neves H, Pais-Vieira M. Does Symptom Recognition Improve Self-Care in Patients with Heart Failure? A Pilot Study Randomised Controlled Trial. Nurs Rep 2021; 11:418-429. [PMID: 34968218 PMCID: PMC8608136 DOI: 10.3390/nursrep11020040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with heart failure have difficulty in self-care management, as daily monitoring and recognition of symptoms do not readily trigger an action to avoid hospital admissions. The purpose of this study was to understand the impact of a nurse-led complex intervention on symptom recognition and fluid restriction. A latent growth model was designed to estimate the longitudinal effect of a nursing-led complex intervention on self-care management and quality-of-life changes in patients with heart failure and assessed by a pilot study performed on sixty-three patients (33 control, 30 intervention). Patients in the control group had a higher risk of hospitalisation (IRR 11.36; p < 0.001) and emergency admission (IRR 4.24; p < 0.001) at three-months follow-up. Analysis of the time scores demonstrated that the intervention group had a clear improvement in self-care behaviours (βSlope. Assignment_group = −0.881; p < 0.001) and in the quality of life (βSlope. Assignment_group = 1.739; p < 0.001). This study supports that a nurse-led programme on symptom recognition and fluid restriction can positively impact self-care behaviours and quality of life in patients with heart failure. This randomised controlled trial was retrospectively registered (NCT04892004).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Pereira Sousa
- Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
- School of Health Sciences, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Hugo Neves
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing—UICISA:E, Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000-232 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology—CiTechCare, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
| | - Miguel Pais-Vieira
- Institute of Biomedicine—iBiMED, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
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Shrestha M, Ng A, Paudel R, Gray R. Association between subthreshold depression and self-care behaviours in adults with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study. J Clin Nurs 2021; 30:2462-2468. [PMID: 33829600 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to test the association between subthreshold depression and self-care behaviours in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) attending a tertiary healthcare service. BACKGROUND Suboptimal adherence to self-care behaviours is associated with poor glycaemic control. The estimated point prevalence of subthreshold depression in people with T2D is 17%. Two previous studies have examined the association between subthreshold depression and self-care behaviours in T2D, reported observations were inconsistent. DESIGN A cross-sectional observational study. METHODS We surveyed adults with T2D attending a tertiary healthcare facility in Nepal. Self-care behaviours and subthreshold depression were assessed using the Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, respectively. We used linear and logistic regression to test the association of subthreshold depression with total and individual self-care behaviours. Our reporting complies with STROBE reporting guideline for observational research. RESULTS Just over a third (37%) of the participants had subthreshold depression. People with subthreshold depression had slightly lower total diabetes self-care score compared to those with no depression. More than half of participants with subthreshold depression had suboptimal adherence to diet, physical activity and foot care. Subthreshold depression was associated with total self-care score (B = -0.27, 95% CI: -0.54, -0.01). In addition, association between subthreshold depression and diet adherence was observed (AOR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.15, 0.44). CONCLUSIONS Subthreshold depression is associated with decreased adherence to self-care behaviour in people with T2D. Identification and treatment of subthreshold depression in T2D may lead to better adherence to diabetes self-care behaviours. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The recognition and treatment of subthreshold depression warrants further investigation as a strategy to improve the adherence to self-care behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Shrestha
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Ashley Ng
- Department of Dietetics, Nutrition and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Rajan Paudel
- Central Department of Public Health, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Richard Gray
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
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İkiz SN, Usta YY, Sousa CN, Teles P, Dias VFF, Magalhães ALP, de Sá Basílio Lins SM, Ribeiro OMPL. Validation of the scale of assessment of self-care behaviours for arteriovenous fistula in patients ongoing haemodialysis in Turkey. J Ren Care 2020; 47:279-284. [PMID: 33140539 DOI: 10.1111/jorc.12354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several guidelines recommend that patients with chronic kidney disease treated by haemodialysis (HD) take care of their own arteriovenous fistula (AVF). The dialysis nurse plays an important role in the development of such self-care behaviours. A very small number of instruments are available to assess self-care behaviours with AVF in Turkey. OBJECTIVE Cultural adaptation and psychometric testing of the Turkish version of the scale of assessment of self-care behaviours with arteriovenous fistula in haemodialysis (ASBHD-AVF) patients. DESIGN Cross-sectional validation study. PARTICIPANTS AND MEASUREMENTS This study was conducted involving 160 patients in the Bolu region in Turkey. The guidelines provided by Sousa and Rojjanasrirat were taken into account in the scale translation, adaptation and validation process. Validity was analysed through content validity and construct validity. The latter was measured through principal component analysis with varimax rotation, considering only factor loadings of 0.30 or larger. Reliability analysis was based on internal consistency measured by Cronbach's α. RESULTS A two-factor structure was extracted explaining 59.01% of the total variance. Cronbach's α was 0.91, 0.85 and 0.84 for the overall scale, the self-care in prevention of complications subscale and the self-care in management of signs and symptoms subscale, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The Turkish version of the scale of ASBHD-AVF patients is a reliable and valid instrument and can therefore be used.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Clemente Neves Sousa
- CINTESIS-Center for Health Technology and Services Research Faculty of Medicine, Porto University, Porto, Portugal.,Nursing School of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo Teles
- School of Economics and LIAAD-INESC Porto LA, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Filipa Ferreira Dias
- Institute of Health Sciences, University Católica Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Unidade de Saúde Familiar Santo André de Canidelo, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | | | | | - Olga Maria Pimenta Lopes Ribeiro
- CINTESIS-Center for Health Technology and Services Research Faculty of Medicine, Porto University, Porto, Portugal.,Nursing School of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Alyami M, Serlachius A, Mokhtar I, Broadbent E. The association of illness perceptions and God locus of health control with self-care behaviours in patients with type 2 diabetes in Saudi Arabia. Health Psychol Behav Med 2020; 8:329-348. [PMID: 34040875 PMCID: PMC8114366 DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2020.1805322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the associations between illness perceptions, God locus of health control (GLHC) beliefs, and self-care behaviours in Saudi patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 115 adults with T2D in a Saudi Arabian diabetes clinic. Illness perceptions, GLHC beliefs, and self-care behaviours were assessed using the Arabic versions of the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, God Locus of Health Control, and Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities. Logistic and linear regressions were conducted. Results: Greater perceptions of personal control (OR = 2.07, p = .045) and diet effectiveness (OR = 2.73, p = .037) were associated with higher odds of adhering to general diet. Greater perceptions of diet effectiveness (β = 0.27, p = .034) and better understanding of T2D (β = 0.54, p < .001) were significant independent predictors of fruit and vegetables intake and exercise respectively. Patients with lower GLHC beliefs (OR = 4.40, p = .004) had higher odds of adhering to foot care than those with higher GLHC beliefs. Illness perceptions and GLHC beliefs did not predict adherence to a low-fat diet, self-monitoring of blood glucose, or not smoking. Conclusion: Greater perceptions of personal control, coherence, diet effectiveness, and lower GLHC beliefs were associated with higher adherence to self-care behaviours in Saudi patients with T2D. Interventions designed to promote self-care behaviours in Saudi patients with T2D could focus on addressing these perceptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Alyami
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Anna Serlachius
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ibrahim Mokhtar
- Ministry of Health, Diabetes and Endocrine Centre, King Khaled Hospital, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elizabeth Broadbent
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Chang WT, Wang ST, Hsu CH, Tsai LM, Chan SH, Chen HM. Effects of illness representation-focused patient education on illness representations and self-care in patients with heart failure: A randomised clinical trial. J Clin Nurs 2020; 29:3461-3472. [PMID: 32562433 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To examine the effect of an illness representation-focused patient education intervention on illness representations and self-care behaviours in patients with heart failure 3 months after discharge from the hospital. BACKGROUND Few intervention studies have examined the effect of illness representation-focused interventions on illness representations and self-care in patients with heart failure. DESIGN A randomised clinical trial based on the Consolidated Standard of Reporting Trials-CONSORT 2010-guidelines was employed. The Clinical Trial Registry number is TCTR20190903002. METHODS One hundred and seven participants were randomly assigned to 2 groups, and 62 participants (n = 30 in the intervention group and n = 32 in the usual care group) completed the baseline and one- and three-month postdischarge follow-up assessments. The instruments included the Survey of Illness Beliefs in Heart Failure and the Self-care of Heart Failure Index. The intervention group received illness representation-focused patient education while hospitalised and telephone follow-ups after discharge. Data were analysed with linear mixed-effects model analysis. RESULTS The 107 participants had a mean age of 62.17 years and a mean left ventricular ejection of 53.03%. At baseline, the two groups tended to have accurate illness beliefs but insufficient self-care confidence and self-care maintenance. The analysis showed no significant differences between groups in the illness representation total scores, dimension scores or self-care maintenance scores but did show a significant difference in the self-care confidence scores (F = 3.42, p < .05) over the three months. CONCLUSION The study did not show an effect of the intervention on illness representations or self-care maintenance behaviours. However, the intervention did maintain participants' self-care confidence three months after discharge. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE It is necessary to conduct long-term follow-ups of patients' illness representations, discuss the implementation of self-care behaviours with patients, enhance patients' self-care confidence, and involve family members or caregivers in self-care practices when needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Tzu Chang
- Department of Nursing, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Tair Wang
- Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan.,Institute of Gerontology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Hsu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Miin Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tainan Municipal Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hung Chan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Mei Chen
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Shrestha M, Ng AH, Gray RJ. Association between subthreshold depression and self-care behaviours in adults with type 2 diabetes: A protocol for a cross-sectional study. J Clin Nurs 2020; 30:2453-2461. [PMID: 32415880 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To examine the association between subthreshold depression and self-care behaviours in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) attending a tertiary healthcare service. BACKGROUND Diabetes is a global public health problem. Self-care behaviours are a fundamental element in managing diabetes as adherence to self-care activities is associated with improved glycaemic control. Depression in T2D is associated with decreased adherence to self-care behaviours. Adults with subthreshold depression in diabetes may have difficulties in achieving metabolic control. Further, people with subthreshold depression have an increased risk of developing major depression. Few studies have examined the association between subthreshold depression and self-care behaviours. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. METHODS The study will be conducted among 384 adults diagnosed with T2D for at least a year attending their routine outpatient appointment at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital in Nepal. Convenience sampling will be used to recruit study participants. Data will be collected via face-to-face interviews and a medical record review. Self-care behaviours will be assessed using the Summary of Diabetes Self-care activities and subthreshold depression will be determined using the Patient Health Questionnaire- 9. Covariates in the study include sociodemographic and clinical factors, diabetes knowledge, perceived social support and self-efficacy. This paper complies with the STROBE reporting guideline for cross-sectional studies. RESULTS We will use multiple linear regression to examine the association between subthreshold depression and each self-care behaviours (i.e. diet, physical activity, foot care, blood glucose testing and medication) and total self-care behaviour. CONCLUSIONS Effective management of diabetes requires adherence to self-care behaviours. The findings of the study will help in identifying an effective way to improve diabetes self-care. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Our observations will inform nursing research and practice by providing evidence about how subthreshold depression may influence self-care behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Shrestha
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Ashley H Ng
- Department of Dietetics, Human Nutrition and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Richard J Gray
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
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Ji H, Chen R, Huang Y, Li W, Shi C, Zhou J. Effect of simulation education and case management on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2019; 35:e3112. [PMID: 30520255 PMCID: PMC6590464 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to investigate whether simulation education (SE) and case management had any effect on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients. METHODS In this single center pilot trial, 100 T2DM patients who received medication and basic diabetes self-management education (DSME) were randomly divided into a control group (n = 50) and an experimental group (n = 50), who received SE and a case management program. Evaluation of biochemical indices was conducted at baseline and after 6 months. DSME consisted of 2-hour group trainings weekly for 2 consecutive weeks followed by 2 × 30 minute education sessions after 3 and 6 months. The SE program comprised additional 50-minute video sessions 3 times in the first week and twice in the second week. The experimental group was supervised by a nurse case manager, who followed up participants at least once a month, and who conducted group sessions once every 3 months, focusing on realistic aspects of physical activity and nutrition, with open discussions about setting goals and strategies to overcome barriers. RESULTS After 6 months, HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, and postprandial blood glucose level improvements were superior in the experimental group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Self-care behavior adherence scores of healthy diet (P = 0.001), physical activity (P = 0.043), self-monitoring of blood glucose (P < 0.001), and reducing risks (P < 0.001) were significantly increased in the experimental group compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS Simulation education and case management added to routine DSME effectively improved glycemic control in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ji
- Department of EndocrinologyDanyang People's Hospital of Jiangsu ProvinceDanyangChina
| | - Ronghao Chen
- Department of EndocrinologyDanyang People's Hospital of Jiangsu ProvinceDanyangChina
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of EndocrinologyDanyang People's Hospital of Jiangsu ProvinceDanyangChina
| | - Wenqin Li
- Department of EndocrinologyDanyang People's Hospital of Jiangsu ProvinceDanyangChina
| | - Chunhui Shi
- Department of EndocrinologyDanyang People's Hospital of Jiangsu ProvinceDanyangChina
| | - Juan Zhou
- Department of EndocrinologyDanyang People's Hospital of Jiangsu ProvinceDanyangChina
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Segan L, Nanayakkara S, Mak V, Kaye D. Enhancing self-care strategies in heart failure through patient-reported outcome measures. Intern Med J 2019; 48:995-998. [PMID: 30133978 DOI: 10.1111/imj.13977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, requiring collaborative patient-centred care. Patient engagement is fundamental to long-term management; patient-reported outcome measures are an increasingly recognised method of assessing medical interventions. A qualitative study of 31 patients with HF found they were twice as likely to use their own management strategies including electronic platforms rather than existing resources. Barriers to self-care included patient education, timely recognition of signs and symptoms of HF with an appropriate escalation plan, non-adherence and polypharmacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Segan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Heart Failure Research Group, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shane Nanayakkara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Heart Failure Research Group, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vivian Mak
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Heart Failure Research Group, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Kaye
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Heart Failure Research Group, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Wonggom P, Du H, Clark RA. Evaluation of the effectiveness of an interactive avatar-based education application for improving heart failure patients' knowledge and self-care behaviours: A pragmatic randomized controlled trial protocol. J Adv Nurs 2018; 74:2667-2676. [PMID: 29920745 DOI: 10.1111/jan.13768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an avatar-based education application for improving knowledge and self-care behaviour in patients with heart failure (HF). BACKGROUND Avatar-based technologies for supporting education are an innovative approach for patients with low literacy, low health literacy and English as a second language. The use of avatar technologies for patient education has shown benefits in improving knowledge, self-care behaviours and quality of life in chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes and depression. Research has demonstrated positive outcomes in clinical practice. However, the effectiveness of this technology has not been evaluated among patients with HF. DESIGN A multi-centred, non-blinded randomized, two-armed parallel pragmatic, controlled trial. METHOD Eighty-eight participants will be recruited from the HF clinics at three public hospitals and randomized into either control or intervention groups. The intervention group will receive the avatar-based education plus usual care. The control group will receive usual care. The primary outcome is HF knowledge, secondary outcomes include; improved self-care behaviours, readmission and satisfaction. Data will be collected at the baseline and at 1- and 3-month follow-ups. DISCUSSION This study will measure the effectiveness of avatar-based education on patients' knowledge and self-care behaviours following HF. The evidence will be evaluated in terms of the reduction in patients' readmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parichat Wonggom
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Huiyun Du
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Robyn A Clark
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Jones CJ, Llewellyn CD, Frew AJ, Du Toit G, Mukhopadhyay S, Smith H. Factors associated with good adherence to self-care behaviours amongst adolescents with food allergy. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2015; 26:111-8. [PMID: 25586900 DOI: 10.1111/pai.12333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our understanding of factors which affect adherence to health sustaining self-care behaviours in adolescents with food allergy is limited. This study used the Health Belief Model to explore the relationship between food allergic adolescents' health beliefs, demographic, structural and social psychological factors with adherence to self-care behaviours, including allergen avoidance and carrying emergency medication. METHODS A cross-sectional study of 188 13- to 19- olds identified from hospital prescribed auto-injectable epinephrine for food allergy. Data were collected on demographics, structural factors, social psychological factors, health beliefs and current adherence behaviour using a postal questionnaire. RESULTS Full adherence was reported by 16% of participants. Multivariate analysis indicated that adherence was more likely to be reported if the adolescents belonged to a support group (OR = 2.54, (1.04, 6.20) 95% CI), had an anaphylaxis management plan (OR = 3.22, (1.18, 8.81) 95% CI), perceived their food allergy to be more severe (OR = 1.24, (1.01, 1.52) 95% CI) and perceived fewer barriers to disease management (OR = 0.87, (0.79, 0.96) 95% CI). CONCLUSIONS Membership of a patient support group and having an anaphylaxis management plan were associated with good adherence to self-care behaviours in adolescents with food allergy. Our results suggest that interventions to improve provision and utilisation of management plans, address adolescents' perceptions of the severity of anaphylaxis and reduce barriers to disease management may facilitate good adherence behaviours than focussing on knowledge-based interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina J Jones
- Division of Primary Care and Public Health, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK
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