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Abstract
Most people start experimenting with and/or initiating health-compromising behaviors and establishing behavioral patterns during adolescence. Possible selves and episodic future thinking have been used to foster behavioral changes. In this study, we aimed to (1) develop a program incorporating possible selves and episodic future thinking to decrease the risks associated with health-compromising behaviors, and (2) examine the feasibility and fidelity of implementing this intervention among Taiwanese adolescents. A novel combination of existing intervention approaches tailored for the Taiwanese context was applied to develop a school-based intervention, which we named the Future Mapping Master program. This program contains four core units: exploring the self, setting goals, developing strategies and problem solving, and understanding the threats of health-compromising behaviors. It includes daily episodic future thinking visualization exercises. The feasibility evaluation was conducted with 88 adolescents aged 12-14 years. Feedback from teachers and students supported the proposed program's feasibility and revealed favorable reactions to the intervention. The Future Mapping Master program is feasible and offers promising strategies for implementation in Taiwanese school settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Kuei Lee
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ling Liao
- Department of Health Management, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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2
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Lee CK, Feng JY. Associations of childhood poly-adversity with alcohol problems among undergraduates: adolescent alcohol use trajectories and drinker self-schema. Psychol Health 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38361382 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2024.2316680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Undergraduate drinking is associated with childhood adversity, early alcohol experience, and drinker self-schema. However, the pathway linking childhood adversity to undergraduate drinking problems remains undefined. This study aimed to identify the effects of childhood poly-adversity on the sequelae of adolescent alcohol-use trajectory, drinker self-schema, and alcohol problems among undergraduates. We also examined whether adolescent alcohol-use trajectory and drinker self-schema mediated the effects of childhood poly-adversity on undergraduate alcohol problems. METHODS Baseline data from an ongoing prospective study, which included 851 first- and second-year full-time college students in Taiwan, were used. An anonymous online questionnaire was administered. RESULTS The results showed that low poly-adversity and high poly-adversity were associated with the mean of initial alcohol use frequency during adolescence and further alcohol problems at college than those with no adversity. High poly-adversity was also associated with the increase in alcohol use frequency during adolescence. Both initial and increase in alcohol use frequency were associated with higher drinker self-schema scores and further alcohol problems. The indirect effects of high poly-adversity on undergraduate alcohol problems were mediated through adolescent alcohol-use trajectories and drinker self-schema. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that early identification of childhood poly-adversity and interventions to decrease adolescent drinking may prevent the formation of drinker self-schema and reduce undergraduate drinking problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Kuei Lee
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Ying Feng
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Hayashi S, Misu Y, Sakamoto T, Yamamoto T. Cross-Sectional Analysis of Fall-Related Factors with a Focus on Fall Prevention Self-Efficacy and Self-Cognition of Physical Performance among Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Geriatrics (Basel) 2023; 8:geriatrics8010013. [PMID: 36648918 PMCID: PMC9887588 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics8010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine how fall prevention self-efficacy and degree of deviation in self-cognition of physical performance, which have recently received attention for their potential to explain falls in combination with a wide variety of fall-related factors, as well as affect falls. Older adults using day-care services (n = 27 with six men, mean age: 81.41 ± 7.43 years) were included in this study. Fall history in the past year, the modified fall efficacy scale (MFES), and physical performance and cognition errors were examined by evaluating the functional reach test (FRT), the stepping over test, and the timed up and go test (TUG), along with a questionnaire. In the fall (n = 14) and non-fall (n = 13) groups, logistic regression analysis using Bayesian statistical methods was used to identify factors associated with falls. The odds ratios for the MFES ranged from 0.97 to 1.0, while those of cognition-error items ranged from 3.1 to 170.72. These findings suggested that deviation in self-cognition of physical performance, particularly overestimation of timed cognitive ability, was a factor with more explanatory power for fall history. Future studies should analyze differences by disease and age group, which were not clarified in this study, to identify more detailed fall risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Hayashi
- Graduate School of Rehabilitation, Kobe Gakuin University, Kobe 651-2180, Japan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Morinomiya University of Medical Sciences, Osaka 559-8611, Japan
- Correspondence:
| | - Yuka Misu
- Graduate School of Rehabilitation, Kobe Gakuin University, Kobe 651-2180, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Sakamoto
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Kobe Gakuin University, Kobe 651-2180, Japan
| | - Taisei Yamamoto
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Tokyo International University, Kawagoe 350-1197, Japan
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Wu YC, Lee CK. Associations of Content Domain-Specific Possible Selves with Adolescent Drinking Behaviors. J Sch Nurs 2022:10598405221112695. [PMID: 35833344 DOI: 10.1177/10598405221112695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol use ranks as one of the most prevalent health-risk behaviors among Taiwanese adolescents. Possible selves-personalized future-oriented cognitions about the self-are significant motivators of one's actions, which may potentially influence adolescent drinking behavior. This study aimed to estimate the content domain-specific possible selves and their associations with drinking behaviors among Taiwanese adolescents. A total of 225 Taiwanese seventh and eighth graders from a public junior high school were recruited. An anonymous self-reported questionnaire was used to collect data during two time-points at six-month intervals. Results showed that having a "physical appearance" related hoped-for possible self and a "friendship" related feared possible self was associated with adolescent alcohol use after six months. Whereas, having the "physical appearance" related hoped-for and feared possible selves were associated with alcohol problems, at both, baseline and six months later. Future studies could clarify the meaning behind "physical appearance" related possible selves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chen Wu
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, 34912National Cheng Kung University, Tainan
| | - Chia-Kuei Lee
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, 34912National Cheng Kung University, Tainan
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Ren G, Zhuang P, Guan X, Tian K, Zeng J. How Do Blended Biochemistry Classes Influence Students' Academic Performance and Perceptions of Self-Cognition? Front Psychol 2022; 13:843392. [PMID: 35282240 PMCID: PMC8907514 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.843392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The flipped classroom is becoming a popular new instructional model in higher education capable of increasing student performance in higher-order learning outcomes. However, the success of a flipped classroom model depends on various supporting elements, and it may not be appropriate for all students and courses. In this study, a new blended Biochemistry classroom model based on Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) and a “semi-flipped” environment was applied to Biochemistry instruction of Nursing and Clinical Medicine majors. The students’ academic performance and perceptions of self-cognition were used to assess the blended Biochemistry classroom. Students who participated in the blended classroom model achieved higher academic performance (p < 0.01) and reported a significant improvement in their perceptions of self-cognition (p < 0.05) compared to the control group. Moreover, the effectiveness of the blended Biochemistry classroom on the small size class (Nursing major) was stronger than on the large size class (Clinical Medicine major).
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Affiliation(s)
- Guijie Ren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Peiyue Zhuang
- College of Liberal Arts, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Xianren Guan
- Institute of Agricultural Remote Sensing and Information, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Keli Tian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiping Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Liu X, Chen Y, Ge J, Mao L. Funny or Angry? Neural Correlates of Individual Differences in Aggressive Humor Processing. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1849. [PMID: 31496969 PMCID: PMC6712686 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Humor has been a hot topic for social cognition in recent years. The present study focused on the social attribute of humor and showed different stories to participants, which were divided into four types according to the model of humor style, to explore the underlying neural mechanism of point-to-self aggressive humor and how individual differences modulated it. Measuring the degree of anger and funniness, results suggested that aggressive humor helped us in social communication by reducing the degree of anger. The neural activities showed that bilateral temporal lobes and frontal lobes played a synergistic role in the point-to-self aggressive humor processing, while point-to-self non-aggressive humor was dominant in the left-side brain. Results from the region of interest (ROI) analysis showed that the individual differences of the self-control level and the self-construal level may influence the neural processing of point-to-self aggressive humor by modulating the activated levels and patterns of the right inferior orbital frontal gyrus, the right superior temporal lobe, and the right superior frontal lobe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Liu
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yueti Chen
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianqiao Ge
- Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Mao
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Lee CK, Corte C, Stein KF, Finnegan L, McCreary LL, Park CG. Expected Problem Drinker Possible Self: Predictor of Alcohol Problems and Tobacco Use in Adolescents. Subst Abus 2015; 36:434-9. [PMID: 25551683 DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2014.988323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol and tobacco use commonly co-occur in adolescents. According to the cross-substance facilitation of information processing hypothesis, cognitive structures related to one substance increase use of another related substance through enhanced cognitive processing. In this study, the authors test this hypothesis by determining whether a problem drinker "possible self" in 8th grade predicts alcohol and tobacco use in 9th grade. METHODS A secondary data analysis of a 12-month longitudinal dataset was conducted. The outcome variables were alcohol consumption, alcohol problems, and tobacco use in 9th grade. The main predictor of interest was presence of an expected problem drinker possible self in 8th grade. Zero-inflated gamma regression, zero-inflated negative binomial regression, and logistic regression were used. RESULTS Among 137 adolescents, controlling for known family, parent, and peer determinants, and corresponding 8th grade behavior, having an expected problem drinker possible self in 8th grade predicted alcohol problems, but not level of alcohol consumption in 9th grade. Moreover, the expected problem drinker possible self in 8th grade predicted tobacco use in 9th grade, controlling for known determinants and concurrent alcohol problems. CONCLUSIONS Findings provide support for the cross-substance facilitation hypothesis, suggesting that interventions designed to modify the expected problem drinker possible self may reduce not only adolescent alcohol use but also tobacco use. Further studies are needed to determine whether smoking content is embedded in a drinking cognition or 2 separate but related drinking and smoking cognitions account for the association between alcohol and tobacco use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Kuei Lee
- a College of Nursing , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois , USA.,b School of Nursing , University of Rochester , Rochester , New York , USA
| | - Colleen Corte
- a College of Nursing , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois , USA
| | - Karen F Stein
- b School of Nursing , University of Rochester , Rochester , New York , USA
| | - Lorna Finnegan
- a College of Nursing , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois , USA
| | - Linda L McCreary
- a College of Nursing , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois , USA
| | - Chang G Park
- a College of Nursing , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois , USA
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Abstract
Recognition of a self-image in a mirror is investigated using the mark test during which a mark is placed onto a point on the body that is not directly visible, and the presence or absence of self-directed behaviors is evaluated for the mirror-observing subjects. Great apes, dolphins, possibly elephants, and magpies have all passed the mark test, that is, displayed self-directed behaviors, whereas monkeys, crows, and other animals have failed the test even though they were able to use a mirror to find a not-directly-visible object. Self-directed behavior and mirror use are prerequisites of a successful mark test, and the absence of these behaviors may lead to false negative results. Epstein, Lanza, and Skinner (1981) reported self-directed behavior of pigeons in front of a mirror after explicit training of self-directed pecking and of pecking an object with the aid of a mirror, but certain other researchers could not confirm the results. The aim of the present study was to conduct the mark test with two pigeons that had received extensive training of the prerequisite behaviors. Crucial points of the training were identical topography (pecking) and the same reinforcement (food) in the prerequisite behaviors as well as sufficient training of these behaviors. After training for the prerequisite behaviors, both pigeons spontaneously integrated the learned self-directed and mirror-use behavior and displayed self-directed behavior in a mark test. This indicates that pigeons display mirror self-recognition after training of suitable ontogenetic contingency.
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