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Smausz T, Kondász B. Multiexposure laser speckle contrast analysis system calibration limited by perfusion-dependent scattering on the skin. J Biomed Opt 2023; 28:096006. [PMID: 37720190 PMCID: PMC10502513 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.28.9.096006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Significance Application of multiexposure speckle contrast imaging (MESI) methods for perfusion measurements can correct for the contribution of static scattering of the skin, at the expense of reduced temporal resolution as compared to classical single-exposure methods. Persistence of tissue scattering properties during the measurements could allow for an initial calibration and enhancement of the temporal resolution of the measurements. Aim We aim to study the influence of the perfusion on the light scattering of the forearm skin and to use the obtained data for the enhancement of the temporal resolution. Approach A wide range of skin perfusion states was induced while monitoring the changes in the dynamic range of the exposure-dependent contrast. Different measurement and evaluation methods were tested based on an initial MESI calibration followed by image recording with reduced number of exposure time values. Results The changes in the skin perfusion can alter not only the contribution of the static scattering to the speckle images but also the short-exposure time contrast limit. Conclusions The perfusion-dependent scattering of the skin can invalidate the precalibrations (e.g., β calibration) characterizing the combination of the given tissue and the measurement system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Smausz
- University of Szeged, Department of Optics and Quantum Electronics, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bence Kondász
- University of Szeged, Department of Optics and Quantum Electronics, Szeged, Hungary
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Ebrahimi S, Moreno-Pescador G, Persson S, Jauffred L, Bendix PM. Label-free optical interferometric microscopy to characterize morphodynamics in living plants. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1156478. [PMID: 37284726 PMCID: PMC10239806 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1156478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
During the last century, fluorescence microscopy has played a pivotal role in a range of scientific discoveries. The success of fluorescence microscopy has prevailed despite several shortcomings like measurement time, photobleaching, temporal resolution, and specific sample preparation. To bypass these obstacles, label-free interferometric methods have been developed. Interferometry exploits the full wavefront information of laser light after interaction with biological material to yield interference patterns that contain information about structure and activity. Here, we review recent studies in interferometric imaging of plant cells and tissues, using techniques such as biospeckle imaging, optical coherence tomography, and digital holography. These methods enable quantification of cell morphology and dynamic intracellular measurements over extended periods of time. Recent investigations have showcased the potential of interferometric techniques for precise identification of seed viability and germination, plant diseases, plant growth and cell texture, intracellular activity and cytoplasmic transport. We envision that further developments of these label-free approaches, will allow for high-resolution, dynamic imaging of plants and their organelles, ranging in scales from sub-cellular to tissue and from milliseconds to hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Ebrahimi
- Copenhagen Plant Science Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Biocomplexity, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Guillermo Moreno-Pescador
- Copenhagen Plant Science Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Biocomplexity, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Staffan Persson
- Copenhagen Plant Science Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liselotte Jauffred
- Biocomplexity, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Poul Martin Bendix
- Biocomplexity, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Dragojević T, Vidal Rosas EE, Hollmann JL, Culver JP, Justicia C, Durduran T. High-density speckle contrast optical tomography of cerebral blood flow response to functional stimuli in the rodent brain. Neurophotonics 2019; 6:045001. [PMID: 31620545 PMCID: PMC6782685 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.6.4.045001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Noninvasive, three-dimensional, and longitudinal imaging of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in small animal models and ultimately in humans has implications for fundamental research and clinical applications. It enables the study of phenomena such as brain development and learning and the effects of pathologies, with a clear vision for translation to humans. Speckle contrast optical tomography (SCOT) is an emerging optical method that aims to achieve this goal by directly measuring three-dimensional blood flow maps in deep tissue with a relatively inexpensive and simple system. High-density SCOT is developed to follow CBF changes in response to somatosensory cortex stimulation. Measurements are carried out through the intact skull on the rat brain. SCOT is able to follow individual trials in each brain hemisphere, where signal averaging resulted in comparable, cortical images to those of functional magnetic resonance images in spatial extent, location, and depth. Sham stimuli are utilized to demonstrate that the observed response is indeed due to local changes in the brain induced by forepaw stimulation. In developing and demonstrating the method, algorithms and analysis methods are developed. The results pave the way for longitudinal, nondestructive imaging in preclinical rodent models that can readily be translated to the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Dragojević
- Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Address all correspondence to Tanja Dragojević, E-mail:
| | - Ernesto E. Vidal Rosas
- Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joseph L. Hollmann
- Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joseph P. Culver
- Washington University, School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
- Washington University, Department of Physics, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Carles Justicia
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Department of Brain Ischemia and Neurodegeneration, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Àrea de Neurociències, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Turgut Durduran
- Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
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Yokoi N, Aizu Y, Uozumi J. Analysis of blood coagulation process based on fractality and dynamic characteristic of laser speckle pattern. J Biomed Opt 2018; 24:1-7. [PMID: 30569670 PMCID: PMC6975187 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.24.3.031018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The reflection and transmission of coherent light from a biological system can yield information about its condition. In the case of blood exposed to the air, there is a change in the properties of the speckle patterns observed in the coagulation process. This can be studied by means of the rate of temporal variation, the contrast, and also the fractality of patterns. The fractality of the speckle pattern can be investigated by a fractal dimension, which can quantify a level of the complexity of platelet aggregation structure and a fibrin network formed in the process of blood coagulation. In addition, dynamic characteristics of a movement in blood also contain information on the progress of the coagulation process. Fractality and dynamic characteristics are investigated simultaneously for speckle patterns observed in the coagulation process of stored horse blood. Experimental results show the feasibility of the proposed method for detecting hemolysis and formation of platelet aggregation structure and the fibrin network during the coagulation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomichi Yokoi
- National Institute of Technology, Asahikawa College, Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Aizu
- Muroran Institute of Technology, College of Design and Manufacturing Technology, Muroran, Japan
| | - Jun Uozumi
- Hokkai-Gakuen University, Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sapporo, Japan
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Lin WT, Lin CY, Singh VR, Luo Y. Speckle illumination holographic non-scanning fluorescence endoscopy. J Biophotonics 2018; 11:e201800010. [PMID: 29920960 PMCID: PMC6466634 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201800010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Optical sectioning endoscopy such as confocal endoscopy offers capabilities to obtain three-dimensional (3D) information from various biological samples by discriminating between the desired in-focus signals and out-of-focus background. However, in general confocal images are formed through point-by-point scanning and the scanning time is proportional to the 3D space-bandwidth product. Recently, structured illumination endoscopy has been utilized for optically sectioned wide-field imaging, but it still needs axial scanning to acquire images from different depths of focal plane. Here, we report wide-field, multiplane, optical sectioning endoscopic imaging, incorporating 3D active speckle-based illumination and multiplexed volume holographic gratings, to simultaneously obtain images of fluorescently labeled tissue structures from different depths, without the need of scanning. We present the design, and implementation, as well as experimental data, demonstrating this endoscopic system's ability to obtain optically sectioned multiplane fluorescent images of tissue samples, with cellular level resolution in wide-field fashion, and no need for mechanical or optical axial scanning.(A) Schematic drawing of the SIHN endoscopy to simultaneously acquire multiplane images from different depths. (B) Uniform, and (C) SIHN illuminated images of standard fluorescence beads (25 μm in diameter) for the two axial planes. (D) Intensity profile on fluorescently labeled signal (ie, in-focus) and background (ie, out-of-focus) of microspheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Tang Lin
- Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yen Lin
- Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Vijay Raj Singh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Yuan Luo
- School of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Correspondence Yuan Luo, Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10055, Taiwan.
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Lee J, Moon S, Lim J, Gwak MJ, Kim JG, Chung E, Lee JH. Imaging of the Finger Vein and Blood Flow for Anti-Spoofing Authentication Using a Laser and a MEMS Scanner. Sensors (Basel) 2017; 17:s17040925. [PMID: 28441728 PMCID: PMC5426921 DOI: 10.3390/s17040925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A new authentication method employing a laser and a scanner is proposed to improve image contrast of the finger vein and to extract blood flow pattern for liveness detection. A micromirror reflects a laser beam and performs a uniform raster scan. Transmissive vein images were obtained, and compared with those of an LED. Blood flow patterns were also obtained based on speckle images in perfusion and occlusion. Curvature ratios of the finger vein and blood flow intensities were found to be nearly constant, regardless of the vein size, which validated the high repeatability of this scheme for identity authentication with anti-spoofing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaekwon Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea.
| | - Seunghwan Moon
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea.
| | - Juhun Lim
- Department of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea.
| | - Min-Joo Gwak
- Fiber Optic Electronic R&D Center, Korea Optron Corporation (KOC), Gwangju 61007, Korea.
| | - Jae Gwan Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea.
| | - Euiheon Chung
- Department of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea.
| | - Jong-Hyun Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea.
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Aloisio IA, Paganin DM, Wright CA, Morgan KS. Exploring experimental parameter choice for rapid speckle-tracking phase-contrast X-ray imaging with a paper analyzer. J Synchrotron Radiat 2015; 22:1279-1288. [PMID: 26289280 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577515011406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Phase-contrast X-ray imaging using a paper analyzer enables the visualization of X-ray transparent biological structures using the refractive properties of the sample. The technique measures the sample-induced distortions of a spatially random reference pattern to retrieve quantitative sample information. This phase-contrast method is promising for biomedical application due to both a simple experimental set-up and a capability for real-time imaging. The authors explore the experimental configuration required to achieve robustness and accuracy in terms of (i) the paper analyzer feature size, (ii) the sample-to-detector distance, and (iii) the exposure time. Results using a synchrotron source confirm that the technique achieves accurate phase retrieval with a range of paper analyzers and at exposures as short as 0.5 ms. These exposure times are sufficiently short relative to characteristic physiological timescales to enable real-time dynamic imaging of living samples. A theoretical guide to the choice of sample-to-detector distance is also derived. While the measurements are specific to the set-up, these guidelines, the example speckle images, the strategies for analysis in the presence of noise and the experimental considerations and discussion will be of value to those who wish to use the speckle-tracking paper analyzer technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isobel A Aloisio
- Central Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - David M Paganin
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Christopher A Wright
- Central Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Kaye S Morgan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
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