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Yu X, Ge C, Li M, Aziz MZ, Mo J, Fan Z. Multiscale denoising generative adversarial network for speckle reduction in optical coherence tomography images. J Med Imaging (Bellingham) 2023; 10:024006. [PMID: 37009058 PMCID: PMC10061342 DOI: 10.1117/1.jmi.10.2.024006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive, high-resolution imaging modality capable of providing both cross-sectional and three-dimensional images of tissue microstructures. Owing to its low-coherence interferometry nature, however, OCT inevitably suffers from speckles, which diminish image quality and mitigate the precise disease diagnoses, and therefore, despeckling mechanisms are highly desired to alleviate the influences of speckles on OCT images. Approach We propose a multiscale denoising generative adversarial network (MDGAN) for speckle reductions in OCT images. A cascade multiscale module is adopted as MDGAN basic block first to raise the network learning capability and take advantage of the multiscale context, and then a spatial attention mechanism is proposed to refine the denoised images. For enormous feature learning in OCT images, a deep back-projection layer is finally introduced to alternatively upscale and downscale the features map of MDGAN. Results Experiments with two different OCT image datasets are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed MDGAN scheme. Results compared those of the state-of-the-art existing methods show that MDGAN is able to improve both peak-single-to-noise ratio and signal-to-noise ratio by 3 dB at most, with its structural similarity index measurement and contrast-to-noise ratio being 1.4% and 1.3% lower than those of the best existing methods. Conclusions Results demonstrate that MDGAN is effective and robust for OCT image speckle reductions and outperforms the best state-of-the-art denoising methods in different cases. It could help alleviate the influence of speckles in OCT images and improve OCT imaging-based diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Yu
- Northwestern Polytechnical University, School of Automation, Xi’an, China
| | - Chenkun Ge
- Northwestern Polytechnical University, School of Automation, Xi’an, China
| | - Mingshuai Li
- Northwestern Polytechnical University, School of Automation, Xi’an, China
| | | | - Jianhua Mo
- Soochow University, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Suzhou, China
| | - Zeming Fan
- Northwestern Polytechnical University, School of Automation, Xi’an, China
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Picazo-Bueno JA, Trindade K, Sanz M, Micó V. Design, Calibration, and Application of a Robust, Cost-Effective, and High-Resolution Lensless Holographic Microscope. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:553. [PMID: 35062512 PMCID: PMC8780948 DOI: 10.3390/s22020553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Lensless holographic microscope (LHM) is an emerging very promising technology that provides high-quality imaging and analysis of biological samples without utilizing any lens for imaging. Due to its small size and reduced price, LHM can be a very useful tool for the point-of-care diagnosis of diseases, sperm assessment, or microfluidics, among others, not only employed in advanced laboratories but also in poor and/or remote areas. Recently, several LHMs have been reported in the literature. However, complete characterization of their optical parameters remains not much presented yet. Hence, we present a complete analysis of the performance of a compact, reduced cost, and high-resolution LHM. In particular, optical parameters such as lateral and axial resolutions, lateral magnification, and field of view are discussed into detail, comparing the experimental results with the expected theoretical values for different layout configurations. We use high-resolution amplitude and phase test targets and several microbeads to characterize the proposed microscope. This characterization is used to define a balanced and matched setup showing a good compromise between the involved parameters. Finally, such a microscope is utilized for visualization of static, as well as dynamic biosamples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Angel Picazo-Bueno
- Optics and Optometry and Vision Science, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (K.T.); (M.S.); (V.M.)
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Dadkhah A, Paudel D, Jiao S. Comparative study of optical coherence tomography angiography algorithms for rodent retinal imaging. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:2207-2213. [PMID: 34120494 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211024572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a functional extension of optical coherence tomography for non-invasive in vivo three-dimensional imaging of the microvasculature of biological tissues. Several algorithms have been developed to construct OCTA images from the measured optical coherence tomography signals. In this study, we compared the performance of three OCTA algorithms that are based on the variance of phase, amplitude, and the complex representations of the optical coherence tomography signals for rodent retinal imaging, namely the phase variance, improved speckle contrast, and optical microangiography. The performance of the different algorithms was evaluated by comparing the quality of the OCTA images regarding how well the vasculature network can be resolved. Quantities that are widely used in ophthalmic studies including blood vessel density, vessel diameter index, vessel perimeter index, vessel complexity index were also compared. Results showed that both the improved speckle contrast and optical microangiography algorithms are more robust than phase variance, and they can reveal similar vasculature features while there are statistical differences in the calculated quantities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Dadkhah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5450Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA
| | - Dhruba Paudel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5450Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA
| | - Shuliang Jiao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5450Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA
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Wang Y, Xu M, Gao F, Kang F, Zhu S. Nonlinear iterative perturbation scheme with simplified spherical harmonics (SP 3 ) light propagation model for quantitative photoacoustic tomography. J Biophotonics 2021; 14:e202000446. [PMID: 33576563 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
When using quantitative photoacoustic tomography (q-PAT) reconstruction to recover the optical absorption coefficients of tissue, the commonly used diffusion equation has several limitations in the case of the objects that have small geometries and high-absorption or low-scattering areas. Furthermore, the conventional perturbation reconstruction strategy is unsatisfactory when the target tissue containing large heterogeneous features. We herein present a modified q-PAT implementation that employs the higher-order photon migration model achieving the tradeoff between mathematical rigidity and computational efficiency. Besides, a nonlinear iterative method is proposed to obtain the perturbations of optical absorption considering the updating of the sensitivity matrix in calculating the fluence perturbations. Consequently, the distribution of tissue optical properties can be recovered in a robust way even if the targets with high absorption are included. The proposed approach has been validated by simulation, phantom and in vivo experiments, exhibiting promising performances in image fidelity and quantitative feasibility for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
| | - Menglu Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Gao
- College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Detecting Techniques and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fei Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shouping Zhu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
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Chang CY, Lin CY, Hu YY, Tsai SF, Hsu FC, Chen SJ. Temporal focusing multiphoton microscopy with optimized parallel multiline scanning for fast biotissue imaging. J Biomed Opt 2021; 26:JBO-200171RR. [PMID: 33386708 PMCID: PMC7778456 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.1.016501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Line scanning-based temporal focusing multiphoton microscopy (TFMPM) has superior axial excitation confinement (AEC) compared to conventional widefield TFMPM, but the frame rate is limited due to the limitation of the single line-to-line scanning mechanism. The development of the multiline scanning-based TFMPM requires only eight multiline patterns for full-field uniform multiphoton excitation and it still maintains superior AEC. AIM The optimized parallel multiline scanning TFMPM is developed, and the performance is verified with theoretical simulation. The system provides a sharp AEC equivalent to the line scanning-based TFMPM, but fewer scans are required. APPROACH A digital micromirror device is integrated in the TFMPM system and generates the multiline pattern for excitation. Based on the result of single-line pattern with sharp AEC, we can further model the multiline pattern to find the best structure that has the highest duty cycle together with the best AEC performance. RESULTS The AEC is experimentally improved to 1.7 μm from the 3.5 μm of conventional TFMPM. The adopted multiline pattern is akin to a pulse-width-modulation pattern with a spatial period of four times the diffraction-limited line width. In other words, ideally only four π / 2 spatial phase-shift scans are required to form a full two-dimensional image with superior AEC instead of image-size-dependent line-to-line scanning. CONCLUSIONS We have demonstrated the developed parallel multiline scanning-based TFMPM has the multiline pattern for sharp AEC and the least scans required for full-field uniform excitation. In the experimental results, the temporal focusing-based multiphoton images of disordered biotissue of mouse skin with improved axial resolution due to the near-theoretical limit AEC are shown to clearly reduce background scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yuan Chang
- National Cheng Kung University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yun Lin
- National Chiao Tung University, College of Photonics, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yvonne Y. Hu
- National Cheng Kung University, Department of Photonics, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Feng Tsai
- National Cheng Kung University, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Chun Hsu
- National Chiao Tung University, College of Photonics, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shean-Jen Chen
- National Chiao Tung University, College of Photonics, Tainan, Taiwan
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Yin C, Wei L, Kose K, Glaser AK, Peterson G, Rajadhyaksha M, Liu JT. Real-time video mosaicking to guide handheld in vivo microscopy. J Biophotonics 2020; 13:e202000048. [PMID: 32246558 PMCID: PMC7969124 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Handheld and endoscopic optical-sectioning microscopes are being developed for noninvasive screening and intraoperative consultation. Imaging a large extent of tissue is often desired, but miniature in vivo microscopes tend to suffer from limited fields of view. To extend the imaging field during clinical use, we have developed a real-time video mosaicking method, which allows users to efficiently survey larger areas of tissue. Here, we modified a previous post-processing mosaicking method so that real-time mosaicking is possible at >30 frames/second when using a device that outputs images that are 400 × 400 pixels in size. Unlike other real-time mosaicking methods, our strategy can accommodate image rotations and deformations that often occur during clinical use of a handheld microscope. We perform a feasibility study to demonstrate that the use of real-time mosaicking is necessary to enable efficient sampling of a desired imaging field when using a handheld dual-axis confocal microscope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengbo Yin
- University of Washington, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Linpeng Wei
- University of Washington, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Kivanc Kose
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Dermatology Service, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Adam K. Glaser
- University of Washington, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Gary Peterson
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Dermatology Service, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Milind Rajadhyaksha
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Dermatology Service, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Jonathan T.C. Liu
- University of Washington, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- University of Washington, Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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Zhao Y, Ma Y, Liu J, Yu Y, Wang Y, Ma Z. Phase unwrapping for Doppler spectral domain optical coherence tomography flow measurement. J Biophotonics 2020; 13:e201960064. [PMID: 31670909 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201960064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Doppler optical coherence tomography (OCT) offers additional flow velocity information, which extends the application of OCT. Phase wrapping is the inherent problem that limits measureable range of Doppler OCT. We propose a phase unwrapping method which is suitable for correcting phase in Doppler OCT images. Points (pixels) in flow region are divided into groups according to the radial distance. Points in the same group are supposed to have close velocity. Phase unwrapping algorithm begins at the boundary layer group and is performed sequentially toward the center. Using the proposed criterion, points in a group are separated into two categories, signal points and noise points. Wrapping rounds are determined for signal points phase unwrapping. Mean value of the corrected signal points replaces the noise points for noise reduction. The method is validated with capillary tube flow phantom and in vivo blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Zhao
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yushu Ma
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yao Yu
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Zhenhe Ma
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
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Garofalakis A, Kruglik SG, Mansuryan T, Gillibert A, Thiberville L, Louradour F, Vever-Bizet C, Bourg-Heckly G. Characterization of a multicore fiber image guide for nonlinear endoscopic imaging using two-photon fluorescence and second-harmonic generation. J Biomed Opt 2019; 24:1-12. [PMID: 31646840 PMCID: PMC7000885 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.24.10.106004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) has the capacity to record second-harmonic generation (SHG) and endogenous two-photon excitation fluorescence (2PEF) signals emitted from biological tissues. The development of fiber-based miniaturized endomicroscopes delivering pulses in the femtosecond range will allow the transfer of MPM to clinical endoscopy. We present real-time SHG and 2PEF ex vivo images using an endomicroscope, which totally complies with clinical endoscopy regulations. This system is based on the proximal scanning of a commercial multicore image guide (IG). For understanding the inhomogeneities of the recorded images, we quantitatively characterize the IG at the single-core level during nonlinear excitation. The obtained results suggest that these inhomogeneities originate from the variable core geometries that, therefore, exhibit variable nonlinear and dispersive properties. Finally, we propose a method based on modulation of dispersion precompensation to address the image inhomogeneity issue and, as a proof of concept, we demonstrate its capability to improve the nonlinear image quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anikitos Garofalakis
- Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Laboratoire Jean Perrin, Paris, France
| | - Sergei G. Kruglik
- Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Laboratoire Jean Perrin, Paris, France
| | | | - André Gillibert
- Rouen University Hospital, Department of Biostatistics, Rouen, France
| | - Luc Thiberville
- CHU Rouen, Service de Pneumologie, Oncologie Thoracique et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Rouen, France
| | | | - Christine Vever-Bizet
- Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Laboratoire Jean Perrin, Paris, France
| | - Genevieve Bourg-Heckly
- Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Laboratoire Jean Perrin, Paris, France
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Dragojević T, Vidal Rosas EE, Hollmann JL, Culver JP, Justicia C, Durduran T. High-density speckle contrast optical tomography of cerebral blood flow response to functional stimuli in the rodent brain. Neurophotonics 2019; 6:045001. [PMID: 31620545 PMCID: PMC6782685 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.6.4.045001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Noninvasive, three-dimensional, and longitudinal imaging of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in small animal models and ultimately in humans has implications for fundamental research and clinical applications. It enables the study of phenomena such as brain development and learning and the effects of pathologies, with a clear vision for translation to humans. Speckle contrast optical tomography (SCOT) is an emerging optical method that aims to achieve this goal by directly measuring three-dimensional blood flow maps in deep tissue with a relatively inexpensive and simple system. High-density SCOT is developed to follow CBF changes in response to somatosensory cortex stimulation. Measurements are carried out through the intact skull on the rat brain. SCOT is able to follow individual trials in each brain hemisphere, where signal averaging resulted in comparable, cortical images to those of functional magnetic resonance images in spatial extent, location, and depth. Sham stimuli are utilized to demonstrate that the observed response is indeed due to local changes in the brain induced by forepaw stimulation. In developing and demonstrating the method, algorithms and analysis methods are developed. The results pave the way for longitudinal, nondestructive imaging in preclinical rodent models that can readily be translated to the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Dragojević
- Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Address all correspondence to Tanja Dragojević, E-mail:
| | - Ernesto E. Vidal Rosas
- Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joseph L. Hollmann
- Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joseph P. Culver
- Washington University, School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
- Washington University, Department of Physics, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Carles Justicia
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Department of Brain Ischemia and Neurodegeneration, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Àrea de Neurociències, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Turgut Durduran
- Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
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Yin C, Wei L, Abeytunge S, Peterson G, Rajadhyaksha M, Liu JTC. Label-free in vivo pathology of human epithelia with a high-speed handheld dual-axis confocal microscope. J Biomed Opt 2019; 24:30501. [PMID: 32717147 PMCID: PMC6435977 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.24.3.030501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
There would be clinical value in a miniature optical-sectioning microscope to enable in vivo interrogation of tissues as a real-time and noninvasive alternative to gold-standard histopathology for early disease detection and surgical guidance. To address this need, a reflectance-based handheld line-scanned dual-axis confocal microscope was developed and fully packaged for label-free imaging of human skin and oral mucosa. This device can collect images at >15 frames/s with an optical-sectioning thickness and lateral resolution of 1.7 and 1.1 μm, respectively. Incorporation of a sterile lens cap design enables pressure-sensitive adjustment of the imaging depth by the user during clinical use. In vivo human images and videos are obtained to demonstrate the capabilities of this high-speed optical-sectioning microscopy device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengbo Yin
- University of Washington, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Linpeng Wei
- University of Washington, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Sanjee Abeytunge
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Dermatology Service, New York, New York, United States
| | - Gary Peterson
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Dermatology Service, New York, New York, United States
| | - Milind Rajadhyaksha
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Dermatology Service, New York, New York, United States
| | - Jonathan T. C. Liu
- University of Washington, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seattle, Washington, United States
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Seattle, Washington, United States
- Address all correspondence to Jonathan T. C. Liu, E-mail:
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Licea-Rodriguez J, Figueroa-Melendez A, Falaggis K, Plata-Sanchez M, Riquelme M, Rocha-Mendoza I. Multicolor fluorescence microscopy using static light sheets and a single-channel detection. J Biomed Opt 2019; 24:1-8. [PMID: 30612379 PMCID: PMC6985699 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.24.1.016501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We present a multicolor fluorescence microscope system, under a selective plane illumination microscopy (SPIM) configuration, using three continuous wave-lasers and a single-channel-detection camera. The laser intensities are modulated with three time-delayed pulse trains that operate synchronously at one third of the camera frame rate, allowing a sequential excitation and an image acquisition of up to three different biomarkers. The feasibility of this imaging acquisition mode is demonstrated by acquiring single-plane multicolor images of living hyphae of Neurospora crassa. This allows visualizing simultaneously the localization and dynamics of different cellular components involved in apical growth in living hyphae. The configuration presented represents a noncommercial, cost-effective alternative microscopy system for the rapid and simultaneous acquisition of multifluorescent images and can be potentially useful for three-dimensional imaging of large biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Licea-Rodriguez
- Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Department of Optics, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
- Cátedras Conacyt, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Figueroa-Melendez
- Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Department of Microbiology, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Konstantinos Falaggis
- Cátedras Conacyt, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
- University of North Carolina, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Science, Charlotte, North Carolina, United States
| | - Marcos Plata-Sanchez
- Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Department of Optics, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Meritxell Riquelme
- Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Department of Microbiology, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Israel Rocha-Mendoza
- Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Department of Optics, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
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Sie YD, Chang CY, Lin CY, Chang NS, Campagnola PJ, Chen SJ. Fast and improved bioimaging via temporal focusing multiphoton excitation microscopy with binary digital-micromirror-device holography. J Biomed Opt 2018; 23:1-8. [PMID: 30444085 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.23.11.116502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Conventional temporal focusing-based multiphoton excitation microscopy (TFMPEM) can offer widefield optical sectioning with an axial excitation confinement of a few microns. To improve the axial confinement of TFMPEM, a binary computer-generated Fourier hologram (CGFH) via a digital-micromirror-device (DMD) was implemented to intrinsically improve the axial confinement by filling the back-focal aperture of the objective lens. Experimental results show that the excitation focal volume can be condensed and the axial confinement improved about 24% according to the DMD holography. In addition, pseudouniform MPE can be achieved using two complementary CGFHs with rapid pulse-width modulation switching via the DMD. Furthermore, bioimaging of CV-1 in origin with SV40 genes-7 cells demonstrates that the TFMPEM with binary DMD holography can improve image quality by enhancing axial excitation confinement and rejecting out-of-focus excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Da Sie
- National Cheng Kung University, Department of Engineering Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yuan Chang
- National Cheng Kung University, Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Lin
- National Cheng Kung University, Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Shan Chang
- National Cheng Kung University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
- SUNY Upstate Medical University, Neuroscience and Physiology, Syracuse, New York, United States
| | - Paul J Campagnola
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Shean-Jen Chen
- National Chiao Tung University, College of Photonics, Tainan, Taiwan
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Moon Y, Han JH, Choi JH, Shin S, Kim YC, Jeong S. Mapping of cutaneous melanoma by femtosecond laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. J Biomed Opt 2018; 24:1-6. [PMID: 30315643 PMCID: PMC6975237 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.24.3.031011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Surgical excision (Mohs micrographic surgery) is the standard procedure to treat a melanoma, in which an in situ histologic examination of sectioned skin is carried out repeatedly until no cancer cells are detected. The possibility to identify melanoma from the surrounding skin by femtosecond laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (fs-LIBS) is investigated. For experiments, melanoma induced on a hairless mouse by injection of B16/F10 murine melanoma cell was sampled in the form of frozen tissue sections as in Mohs surgery and analyzed by fs-LIBS (λ = 1030 nm, τ = 550 fs). For analysis, the magnesium signal normalized by carbon intensity was utilized to construct an intensity map around the cancer, including both melanoma and surrounding dermis. The intensity map showed a close match to the optically observed morphological and histological features near the cancer region. The results showed that when incorporated into the existing micrographic surgery procedure, fs-LIBS could be a useful tool for histopathologic interpretation of skin cancer possibly with significant reduction of histologic examination time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngmin Moon
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Han
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, School of Life sciences, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Saint John of God Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-hee Choi
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungho Shin
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Chul Kim
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, School of Life sciences, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungho Jeong
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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14
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Huang CZR, Wood RW, Demos SG. Adaptation of microscopy with ultraviolet surface excitation for enhancing STEM and undergraduate education. J Biomed Opt 2018; 23:1-8. [PMID: 30054996 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.23.12.121603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Microscopy with ultraviolet surface excitation (MUSE) is investigated as a means to enhance curricula and education in the life sciences based on simplicity of use, the incorporation of inexpensive hardware, and the simplest methods of tissue preparation. Ultraviolet excitation in effect replaces tissue sectioning because it penetrates only a few micrometers below the tissue surface at the single cell level, preventing the generation of out-of-focus light. Although tissue autofluorescence may be used, image quality and content can be enhanced by a brief immersion in a solution of nontoxic fluorescent dyes that selectively highlight different cellular compartments. Safe mixed-dye powder combinations have been developed to provide students who have minimal lab proficiencies with a one-step tissue staining process for rapid tissue preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Z R Huang
- University of Rochester, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester, New York, United States
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Ronald W Wood
- University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology,, United States
| | - Stavros G Demos
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York, United States
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15
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Huttunen MJ, Hassan A, McCloskey CW, Fasih S, Upham J, Vanderhyden BC, Boyd RW, Murugkar S. Automated classification of multiphoton microscopy images of ovarian tissue using deep learning. J Biomed Opt 2018; 23:1-7. [PMID: 29900705 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.23.6.066002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Histopathological image analysis of stained tissue slides is routinely used in tumor detection and classification. However, diagnosis requires a highly trained pathologist and can thus be time-consuming, labor-intensive, and potentially risk bias. Here, we demonstrate a potential complementary approach for diagnosis. We show that multiphoton microscopy images from unstained, reproductive tissues can be robustly classified using deep learning techniques. We fine-train four pretrained convolutional neural networks using over 200 murine tissue images based on combined second-harmonic generation and two-photon excitation fluorescence contrast, to classify the tissues either as healthy or associated with high-grade serous carcinoma with over 95% sensitivity and 97% specificity. Our approach shows promise for applications involving automated disease diagnosis. It could also be readily applied to other tissues, diseases, and related classification problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikko J Huttunen
- University of Ottawa, Department of Physics, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Tampere University of Technology, Laboratory of Photonics, Tampere, Finland
| | - Abdurahman Hassan
- University of Ottawa, Department of Physics, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Curtis W McCloskey
- University of Ottawa, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sijyl Fasih
- University of Ottawa, Department of Physics, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeremy Upham
- University of Ottawa, Department of Physics, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Barbara C Vanderhyden
- University of Ottawa, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert W Boyd
- University of Ottawa, Department of Physics, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Rochester, Institute of Optics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New Yo, United States
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16
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Can-Uc B, Montes-Frausto JB, Juarez-Moreno K, Licea-Rodriguez J, Rocha-Mendoza I, Hirata GA. Light sheet microscopy and SrAl 2 O 4 nanoparticles codoped with Eu 2+ /Dy 3+ ions for cancer cell tagging. J Biophotonics 2018; 11:e201700301. [PMID: 29316331 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201700301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Light sheet optical microscopy on strontium aluminate nanoparticles (SrAl2 O4 NPs)1 codoped with Eu2+ and Dy3+ was used for cancer cell tagging and tracking. The nanoparticles were synthesized by urea-assisted combustion with optimized percentage values of the 2 codoping rare-earth ions for cell viability and for lower cytotoxic effects. The optical properties of these materials showed an excitation wide range of wavelengths (λexc = 254-460 nm), a broad emission band (λem = 475-575 nm) with the maximum centered wavelength at 525 nm and a half lifetime within the seconds regime. The feasibility to measure the nanoparticle luminescence under the selective plane illumination configuration was studied by immersing the nanoparticles in 1% Agarose. The potential applicability of the synthesized nanophosphors for cancer cell tagging was demonstrated by using in vitro experiments with human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells. A single MCF-7 cell observed by the use of light sheet microscopy with UV excitation. The cell has been bio-labeled with FA-SrAl2 04 : Eu2+ , Dy3+ NPs and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, dihydrochloride for nucleus identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonifacio Can-Uc
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Juana B Montes-Frausto
- Posgrado en Física de Materiales, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Karla Juarez-Moreno
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
- Investigador de Cátedras CONACYT en Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Ensenada, Mexico
| | - Jacob Licea-Rodriguez
- Departamento de Óptica, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
- Investigador de Cátedras CONACYT en Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Ensenada, Mexico
| | - Israel Rocha-Mendoza
- Departamento de Óptica, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Gustavo A Hirata
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
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17
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Luo Y, Cui D, Yu X, Bo E, Wang X, Wang N, Braganza CS, Chen S, Liu X, Xiong Q, Chen S, Chen S, Liu L. Endomicroscopic optical coherence tomography for cellular resolution imaging of gastrointestinal tracts. J Biophotonics 2018; 11:e201700141. [PMID: 28787543 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201700141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Our ability to detect neoplastic changes in gastrointestinal (GI) tracts is limited by the lack of an endomicroscopic imaging tool that provides cellular-level structural details of GI mucosa over a large tissue area. In this article, we report a fiber-optic-based micro-optical coherence tomography (μOCT) system and demonstrate its capability to acquire cellular-level details of GI tissue through circumferential scanning. The system achieves an axial resolution of 2.48 μm in air and a transverse resolution of 4.8 μm with a depth-of-focus (DOF) of ~150 μm. To mitigate the issue of limited DOF, we used a rigid sheath to maintain a circular lumen and center the distal-end optics. The sensitivity is tested to be 98.8 dB with an illumination power of 15.6 mW on the sample. With fresh swine colon tissues imaged ex vivo, detailed structures such as crypt lumens and goblet cells can be clearly resolved, demonstrating that this fiber-optic μOCT system is capable of visualizing cellular-level morphological features. We also demonstrate that time-lapsed frame averaging and imaging speckle reduction are essential for clearly visualizing cellular-level details. Further development of a clinically viable μOCT endomicroscope is likely to improve the diagnostic outcome of GI cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuemei Luo
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dongyao Cui
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiaojun Yu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - En Bo
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xianghong Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nanshuo Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cilwyn S Braganza
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shufen Chen
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xinyu Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qiaozhou Xiong
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Si Chen
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shi Chen
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Linbo Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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18
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Yao X, Gan Y, Ling Y, Marboe CC, Hendon CP. Multicontrast endomyocardial imaging by single-channel high-resolution cross-polarization optical coherence tomography. J Biophotonics 2018; 11:e201700204. [PMID: 29165902 PMCID: PMC6186148 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201700204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
A single-channel high-resolution cross-polarization (CP) optical coherence tomography (OCT) system is presented for multicontrast imaging of human myocardium in one-shot measurement. The intensity and functional contrasts, including the ratio between the cross- and co-polarization channels as well as the cumulative retardation, are reconstructed from the CP-OCT readout. By comparing the CP-OCT results with histological analysis, it is shown that the system can successfully delineate microstructures in the myocardium and differentiate the fibrotic myocardium from normal or ablated myocardium based on the functional contrasts provided by the CP-OCT system. The feasibility of using A-line profiles from the 2 orthogonal polarization channels to identify fibrotic myocardium, normal myocardium and ablated lesion is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwen Yao
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Yu Gan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Yuye Ling
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Charles C. Marboe
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Christine P. Hendon
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York
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19
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Yang J, Chandwani R, Zhao R, Wang Z, Jia Y, Huang D, Liu G. Polarization-multiplexed, dual-beam swept source optical coherence tomography angiography. J Biophotonics 2018; 11:10.1002/jbio.201700303. [PMID: 29215796 PMCID: PMC7189903 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201700303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A polarization-multiplexed, dual-beam setup is proposed to expand the field of view (FOV) for a swept source optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) system. This method used a Wollaston prism to split sample path light into 2 orthogonal-polarized beams. This allowed 2 beams to shine on the cornea at an angle separation of ~14°, which led to a separation of ~4.2 mm on the retina. A 3-mm glass plate was inserted into one of the beam paths to set a constant path length difference between the 2 polarized beams so the interferogram from the 2 beams are coded at different frequency bands. The resulting OCTA images from the 2 beams were coded with a depth separation of ~2 mm. A total of 5 × 5 mm2 angiograms from the 2 beams were obtained simultaneously in 4 seconds. The 2 angiograms then were montaged to get a wider FOV of ~5 × 9.2 mm2 .
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20
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Song S, Xu J, Wang R. Flexible wide-field optical micro-angiography based on Fourier-domain multiplexed dual-beam swept source optical coherence tomography. J Biophotonics 2018; 11:10.1002/jbio.201700203. [PMID: 28941235 PMCID: PMC5839934 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201700203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Wide-field optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is gaining interest in clinical imaging applications. In this pursuit, it is challenging to maintain the imaging resolution and sensitivity throughout the wide field of view (FoV). Here, we propose a novel method/system of dual-beam arrangement and Fourier-domain multiplexing to achieve wide-field OCTA when imaging the uneven surface samples. The proposed system provides 2 separate FoVs, with flexibility that the imaging area, focus of the imaging beam and imaging depth range can be individually adjusted for each FoV, leading to either (1) increased system imaging FoV or (2) capability of targeting 2 regions of interests that locate at depths with large difference between each other. We demonstrate this novel method by employing 100 kHz laser source in a swept source OCTA to achieve an effective 200 kHz sweeping rate, covering a 22 × 22 mm FoV. The results are verified by a SS-OCTA system employing a 200 kHz laser source, together with the experimental demonstrations when imaging whole brain vasculature in rodent models and skin blood perfusion in human fingers, show-casing the capability of proposed system to image live large samples with complex surface topography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaozhen Song
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Jingjiang Xu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Ruikang Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
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21
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Hussain A, Steenbergen W, Vellekoop IM. Imaging blood flow inside highly scattering media using ultrasound modulated optical tomography. J Biophotonics 2018; 11:e201700013. [PMID: 28681970 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201700013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report the use of ultrasound modulated optical tomography (UOT) with heterodyne parallel detection to locally sense and image blood flow deep inside a highly scattering medium. We demonstrate that the UOT signal is sensitive to the speed of the blood flow in the ultrasound focus and present an analytical model that relates UOT signals to the optical properties (i. e. scattering coefficient, anisotropy, absorption, and flow speed) of the blood and the background medium. We found an excellent agreement between the experimental data and the analytical model. By varying the integration time of the camera in our setup, we were able to spatially resolve blood flow in a scattering medium with a lateral resolution of 1.5 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altaf Hussain
- Biomedical Photonic Imaging group, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Wiendelt Steenbergen
- Biomedical Photonic Imaging group, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Ivo M Vellekoop
- Biomedical Photonic Imaging group, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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22
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Abouei E, Lee AMD, Pahlevaninezhad H, Hohert G, Cua M, Lane P, Lam S, MacAulay C. Correction of motion artifacts in endoscopic optical coherence tomography and autofluorescence images based on azimuthal en face image registration. J Biomed Opt 2018; 23:1-13. [PMID: 29302954 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.23.1.016004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We present a method for the correction of motion artifacts present in two- and three-dimensional in vivo endoscopic images produced by rotary-pullback catheters. This method can correct for cardiac/breathing-based motion artifacts and catheter-based motion artifacts such as nonuniform rotational distortion (NURD). This method assumes that en face tissue imaging contains slowly varying structures that are roughly parallel to the pullback axis. The method reduces motion artifacts using a dynamic time warping solution through a cost matrix that measures similarities between adjacent frames in en face images. We optimize and demonstrate the suitability of this method using a real and simulated NURD phantom and in vivo endoscopic pulmonary optical coherence tomography and autofluorescence images. Qualitative and quantitative evaluations of the method show an enhancement of the image quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Abouei
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Department of Integrative Oncology, Vancouver, British Colu, Canada
| | - Anthony M D Lee
- British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Department of Integrative Oncology, Vancouver, British Colu, Canada
| | - Hamid Pahlevaninezhad
- British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Department of Integrative Oncology, Vancouver, British Colu, Canada
| | - Geoffrey Hohert
- British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Department of Integrative Oncology, Vancouver, British Colu, Canada
| | - Michelle Cua
- British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Department of Integrative Oncology, Vancouver, British Colu, Canada
| | - Pierre Lane
- British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Department of Integrative Oncology, Vancouver, British Colu, Canada
| | - Stephen Lam
- British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Department of Integrative Oncology, Vancouver, British Colu, Canada
| | - Calum MacAulay
- British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Department of Integrative Oncology, Vancouver, British Colu, Canada
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23
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Walther J, Golde J, Kirsten L, Tetschke F, Hempel F, Rosenauer T, Hannig C, Koch E. In vivo imaging of human oral hard and soft tissues by polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography. J Biomed Opt 2017; 22:1-17. [PMID: 29264891 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.22.12.121717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Since optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides three-dimensional high-resolution images of biological tissue, the benefit of polarization contrast in the field of dentistry is highlighted in this study. Polarization-sensitive OCT (PS OCT) with phase-sensitive recording is used for imaging dental and mucosal tissues in the human oral cavity in vivo. An enhanced polarization contrast of oral structures is reached by analyzing the signals of the co- and crosspolarized channels of the swept source PS OCT system quantitatively with respect to reflectivity, retardation, optic axis orientation, and depolarization. The calculation of these polarization parameters enables a high tissue-specific contrast imaging for the detailed physical interpretation of human oral hard and soft tissues. For the proof-of-principle, imaging of composite restorations and mineralization defects at premolars as well as gingival, lingual, and labial oral mucosa was performed in vivo within the anterior oral cavity. The achieved contrast-enhanced results of the investigated human oral tissues by means of polarization-sensitive imaging are evaluated by the comparison with conventional intensity-based OCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Walther
- TU Dresden, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Clini, Germany
- TU Dresden, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engi, Germany
| | - Jonas Golde
- TU Dresden, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Clini, Germany
| | - Lars Kirsten
- TU Dresden, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Clini, Germany
| | - Florian Tetschke
- TU Dresden, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Clini, Germany
- TU Dresden, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Policlinic of Operative and Pediatric Dentistry,, Germany
| | - Franz Hempel
- TU Dresden, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Clini, Germany
| | - Tobias Rosenauer
- TU Dresden, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Policlinic of Operative and Pediatric Dentistry,, Germany
| | - Christian Hannig
- TU Dresden, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Policlinic of Operative and Pediatric Dentistry,, Germany
| | - Edmund Koch
- TU Dresden, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Clini, Germany
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24
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Xu J, Song S, Men S, Wang RK. Long ranging swept-source optical coherence tomography-based angiography outperforms its spectral-domain counterpart in imaging human skin microcirculations. J Biomed Opt 2017; 22:1-11. [PMID: 29185292 PMCID: PMC5712670 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.22.11.116007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing demand for imaging tools in clinical dermatology that can perform in vivo wide-field morphological and functional examination from surface to deep tissue regions at various skin sites of the human body. The conventional spectral-domain optical coherence tomography-based angiography (SD-OCTA) system is difficult to meet these requirements due to its fundamental limitations of the sensitivity roll-off, imaging range as well as imaging speed. To mitigate these issues, we demonstrate a swept-source OCTA (SS-OCTA) system by employing a swept source based on a vertical cavity surface-emitting laser. A series of comparisons between SS-OCTA and SD-OCTA are conducted. Benefiting from the high system sensitivity, long imaging range, and superior roll-off performance, the SS-OCTA system is demonstrated with better performance in imaging human skin than the SD-OCTA system. We show that the SS-OCTA permits remarkable deep visualization of both structure and vasculature (up to ∼2 mm penetration) with wide field of view capability (up to 18×18 mm2), enabling a more comprehensive assessment of the morphological features as well as functional blood vessel networks from the superficial epidermal to deep dermal layers. It is expected that the advantages of the SS-OCTA system will provide a ground for clinical translation, benefiting the existing dermatological practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjiang Xu
- University of Washington, Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Shaozhen Song
- University of Washington, Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Shaojie Men
- University of Washington, Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, Washington, United States
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25
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Poddar R, Migacz JV, Schwartz DM, Werner JS, Gorczynska I. Challenges and advantages in wide-field optical coherence tomography angiography imaging of the human retinal and choroidal vasculature at 1.7-MHz A-scan rate. J Biomed Opt 2017; 22:1-14. [PMID: 29090534 PMCID: PMC9062069 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.22.10.106018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We present noninvasive, three-dimensional, depth-resolved imaging of human retinal and choroidal blood circulation with a swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) system at 1065-nm center wavelength. Motion contrast OCT imaging was performed with the phase-variance OCT angiography method. A Fourier-domain mode-locked light source was used to enable an imaging rate of 1.7 MHz. We experimentally demonstrate the challenges and advantages of wide-field OCT angiography (OCTA). In the discussion, we consider acquisition time, scanning area, scanning density, and their influence on visualization of selected features of the retinal and choroidal vascular networks. The OCTA imaging was performed with a field of view of 16 deg (5 mm×5 mm) and 30 deg (9 mm×9 mm). Data were presented in en face projections generated from single volumes and in en face projection mosaics generated from up to 4 datasets. OCTA imaging at 1.7 MHz A-scan rate was compared with results obtained from a commercial OCTA instrument and with conventional ophthalmic diagnostic methods: fundus photography, fluorescein, and indocyanine green angiography. Comparison of images obtained from all methods is demonstrated using the same eye of a healthy volunteer. For example, imaging of retinal pathology is presented in three cases of advanced age-related macular degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Poddar
- University of California Davis, Vision Science and Advanced Retinal Imaging Laboratory (VSRI), Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Sacramento, California, United States
- Birla Institute of Technology, Department of Bio-Engineering, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
- Address all correspondence to: Raju Poddar, E-mail:
| | - Justin V. Migacz
- University of California Davis, Vision Science and Advanced Retinal Imaging Laboratory (VSRI), Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Sacramento, California, United States
| | - Daniel M. Schwartz
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - John S. Werner
- University of California Davis, Vision Science and Advanced Retinal Imaging Laboratory (VSRI), Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Sacramento, California, United States
| | - Iwona Gorczynska
- University of California Davis, Vision Science and Advanced Retinal Imaging Laboratory (VSRI), Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Sacramento, California, United States
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Institute of Physics, Toruń, Poland
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26
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Auksorius E, Boccara AC. Fast subsurface fingerprint imaging with full-field optical coherence tomography system equipped with a silicon camera. J Biomed Opt 2017; 22:1-8. [PMID: 28887875 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.22.9.096002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Images recorded below the surface of a finger can have more details and be of higher quality than the conventional surface fingerprint images. This is particularly true when the quality of the surface fingerprints is compromised by, for example, moisture or surface damage. However, there is an unmet need for an inexpensive fingerprint sensor that is able to acquire high-quality images deep below the surface in short time. To this end, we report on a cost-effective full-field optical coherent tomography system comprised of a silicon camera and a powerful near-infrared LED light source. The system, for example, is able to record 1.7 cm×1.7 cmen face images in 0.12 s with the spatial sampling rate of 2116 dots per inch and the sensitivity of 93 dB. We show that the system can be used to image internal fingerprints and sweat ducts with good contrast. Finally, to demonstrate its biometric performance, we acquired subsurface fingerprint images from 240 individual fingers and estimated the equal-error-rate to be ∼0.8%. The developed instrument could also be used in other en face deep-tissue imaging applications because of its high sensitivity, such as in vivo skin imaging.
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27
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Tinning PW, Franssen AJPM, Hridi SU, Bushell TJ, McConnell G. A 340/380 nm light-emitting diode illuminator for Fura-2 AM ratiometric Ca 2+ imaging of live cells with better than 5 nM precision. J Microsc 2017; 269:212-220. [PMID: 28837217 PMCID: PMC5836901 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We report the first demonstration of a fast wavelength‐switchable 340/380 nm light‐emitting diode (LED) illuminator for Fura‐2 ratiometric Ca2+ imaging of live cells. The LEDs closely match the excitation peaks of bound and free Fura‐2 and enables the precise detection of cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations, which is only limited by the Ca2+ response of Fura‐2. Using this illuminator, we have shown that Fura‐2 acetoxymethyl ester (AM) concentrations as low as 250 nM can be used to detect induced Ca2+ events in tsA‐201 cells and while utilising the 150 μs switching speeds available, it was possible to image spontaneous Ca2+ transients in hippocampal neurons at a rate of 24.39 Hz that were blunted or absent at typical 0.5 Hz acquisition rates. Overall, the sensitivity and acquisition speeds available using this LED illuminator significantly improves the temporal resolution that can be obtained in comparison to current systems and supports optical imaging of fast Ca2+ events using Fura‐2.
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Affiliation(s)
- P W Tinning
- Department of Physics, SUPA University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, U.K
| | - A J P M Franssen
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, U.K
| | - S U Hridi
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, U.K
| | - T J Bushell
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, U.K
| | - G McConnell
- Centre for Biophotonics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, U.K
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28
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Lee HC, Ahsen OO, Liu JJ, Tsai TH, Huang Q, Mashimo H, Fujimoto JG. Assessment of the radiofrequency ablation dynamics of esophageal tissue with optical coherence tomography. J Biomed Opt 2017; 22:76001. [PMID: 28687822 PMCID: PMC5499807 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.22.7.076001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is widely used for the eradication of dysplasia and the treatment of early stage esophageal carcinoma in patients with Barrett’s esophagus (BE). However, there are several factors, such as variation of BE epithelium (EP) thickness among individual patients and varying RFA catheter-tissue contact, which may compromise RFA efficacy. We used a high-speed optical coherence tomography (OCT) system to identify and monitor changes in the esophageal tissue architecture from RFA. Two different OCT imaging/RFA application protocols were performed using an <italic<ex vivo</italic< swine esophagus model: (1) post-RFA volumetric OCT imaging for quantitative analysis of the coagulum formation using RFA applications with different energy settings, and (2) M-mode OCT imaging for monitoring the dynamics of tissue architectural changes in real time during RFA application. Post-RFA volumetric OCT measurements showed an increase in the coagulum thickness with respect to the increasing RFA energies. Using a subset of the specimens, OCT measurements of coagulum and coagulum + residual EP thickness were shown to agree with histology, which accounted for specimen shrinkage during histological processing. In addition, we demonstrated the feasibility of OCT for real-time visualization of the architectural changes during RFA application with different energy settings. Results suggest feasibility of using OCT for RFA treatment planning and guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Chieh Lee
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Osman O. Ahsen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Jonathan J. Liu
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Tsung-Han Tsai
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Qin Huang
- Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Hiroshi Mashimo
- Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - James G. Fujimoto
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
- Address all correspondence to: James G. Fujimoto, E-mail:
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29
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Ko ZYG, Mehta K, Jamil M, Yap CH, Chen N. A method to study the hemodynamics of chicken embryo's aortic arches using optical coherence tomography. J Biophotonics 2017; 10:353-359. [PMID: 27813365 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201600119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Congenital cardiovascular defects are the leading cause of birth defect related death. It has been hypothesized that fluid mechanical forces of embryonic blood flow affect cardiovascular development and play a role in congenital malformations. Studies in small animal embryos can improve our understanding of congenital malformations and can lead to better treatment. We present a feasibility study in which high-resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are combined to provide quantitative analysis of the embryonic flow mechanics and the associated anatomy in a small animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yu Gordon Ko
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E4 #04-08, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117583
| | - Kalpesh Mehta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E4 #04-08, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117583
| | - Muhammad Jamil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E4 #04-08, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117583
| | - Choon Hwai Yap
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E4 #04-08, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117583
| | - Nanguang Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E4 #04-08, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117583
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30
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Park DJ, Pradhan P, Backman V. Enhancing the sensitivity of mesoscopic light reflection statistics in weakly disordered media by interface reflections. Int J Mod Phys B 2016; 30:1650155. [PMID: 29307948 PMCID: PMC5754019 DOI: 10.1142/s0217979216501551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Reflection statistics have not been well studied for optical random media whose mean refractive indices do not match with the refractive indices of their surrounding media. Here, we theoretically study how this refractive index mismatch between a one-dimensional (1D) optical sample and its surrounding medium affects the reflection statistics in the weak disorder limit, when the fluctuation part of the refractive index (Δn) is much smaller than the mismatch as well as the mean refractive index of the sample (Δn ≪ 〈n〉). In the theoretical derivation, we perform a detailed calculation that results in the analytical forms of the mean and standard deviation (STD) of the reflection coefficient in terms of disorder parameters ( [Formula: see text] and its correlation length lc ) in an index mismatched backscattering system. Particularly, the orders of disorder parameters in STD of the reflection coefficient for index mismatched systems are shown to be lower (~(〈Δn2〉lc )1/2) than that of the matched systems (~〈Δn2〉lc ). By comparing STDs of the reflection coefficient values of index matched and mismatched systems, we show that reflection coefficient at the sample boundaries in index mismatched systems can enhance the signal of the STD to the "disorder parameters" of the reflection coefficient. In terms of biophotonics applications, this result can lead to potential techniques that effectively extract the sample disorder parameters by manipulating the index mismatched conditions. Potential applications of the technique for enhancement in sensitivity of cancer detection at the single cell level are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Prabhakar Pradhan
- BioNanoPhotonics Lab, Department of Physics, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - Vadim Backman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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31
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Su JP, Chandwani R, Gao SS, Pechauer AD, Zhang M, Wang J, Jia Y, Huang D, Liu G. Calibration of optical coherence tomography angiography with a microfluidic chip. J Biomed Opt 2016; 21:86015. [PMID: 27557344 PMCID: PMC4995373 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.8.086015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A microfluidic chip with microchannels ranging from 8 to 96 μm was used to mimic blood vessels down to the capillary level. Blood flow within the microfluidic channels was analyzed with split-spectrum amplitude-decorrelation angiography (SSADA)-based optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography. It was found that the SSADA decorrelation value was related to both blood flow speed and channel width. SSADA could differentiate nonflowing blood inside the microfluidic channels from static paper. The SSADA decorrelation value was approximately linear with blood flow velocity up to a threshold Vsat of 5.83±1.33 mm/s (mean±standard deviation over the range of channel widths). Beyond this threshold, it approached a saturation value Dsat. Dsat was higher for wider channels, and approached a maximum value Dsm as the channel width became much larger than the beam focal spot diameter. These results indicate that decorrelation values (flow signal) in capillary networks would be proportional to both flow velocity and vessel caliber but would be capped at a saturation value in larger blood vessels. These findings are useful for interpretation and quantification of clinical OCT angiography results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnny P. Su
- Oregon Health and Science University, Casey Eye Institute, 3375 Southwest Terwilliger Boulevard, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - Rahul Chandwani
- Oregon Health and Science University, Casey Eye Institute, 3375 Southwest Terwilliger Boulevard, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - Simon S. Gao
- Oregon Health and Science University, Casey Eye Institute, 3375 Southwest Terwilliger Boulevard, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - Alex D. Pechauer
- Oregon Health and Science University, Casey Eye Institute, 3375 Southwest Terwilliger Boulevard, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - Miao Zhang
- Oregon Health and Science University, Casey Eye Institute, 3375 Southwest Terwilliger Boulevard, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - Jie Wang
- Oregon Health and Science University, Casey Eye Institute, 3375 Southwest Terwilliger Boulevard, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - Yali Jia
- Oregon Health and Science University, Casey Eye Institute, 3375 Southwest Terwilliger Boulevard, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - David Huang
- Oregon Health and Science University, Casey Eye Institute, 3375 Southwest Terwilliger Boulevard, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - Gangjun Liu
- Oregon Health and Science University, Casey Eye Institute, 3375 Southwest Terwilliger Boulevard, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
- Address all correspondence to: Gangjun Liu, E-mail:
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32
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Nouizi F, Luk A, Thayer D, Lin Y, Ha S, Gulsen G. Experimental validation of a high-resolution diffuse optical imaging modality: photomagnetic imaging. J Biomed Opt 2016; 21:16009. [PMID: 26790644 PMCID: PMC4719037 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.1.016009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We present experimental results that validate our imaging technique termed photomagnetic imaging (PMI). PMI illuminates the medium under investigation with a near-infrared light and measures the induced temperature increase using magnetic resonance imaging. A multiphysics solver combining light and heat propagation is used to model spatiotemporal distribution of temperature increase. Furthermore, a dedicated PMI reconstruction algorithm has been developed to reveal high-resolution optical absorption maps from temperature measurements. Being able to perform measurements at any point within the medium, PMI overcomes the limitations of conventional diffuse optical imaging. We present experimental results obtained on agarose phantoms mimicking biological tissue with inclusions having either different sizes or absorption contrasts, located at various depths. The reconstructed images show that PMI can successfully resolve these inclusions with high resolution and recover their absorption coefficient with high-quantitative accuracy. Even a 1-mm inclusion located 6-mm deep is recovered successfully and its absorption coefficient is underestimated by only 32%. The improved PMI system presented here successfully operates under the maximum skin exposure limits defined by the American National Standards Institute, which opens up the exciting possibility of its future clinical use for diagnostic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farouk Nouizi
- University of California, Tu and Yuen Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, 164 Irvine Hall, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Alex Luk
- University of California, Tu and Yuen Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, 164 Irvine Hall, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Dave Thayer
- University of California, Tu and Yuen Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, 164 Irvine Hall, Irvine, California, United States
- Washington University in St. Louis, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, 510 South Kingshighway Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Yuting Lin
- University of California, Tu and Yuen Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, 164 Irvine Hall, Irvine, California, United States
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Department of Radiation Oncology, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02144, United States
| | - Seunghoon Ha
- University of California, Tu and Yuen Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, 164 Irvine Hall, Irvine, California, United States
- Philips Healthcare, N27 West 23676 Paul Road, Pewaukee, Wisconsin 53072, United States
| | - Gultekin Gulsen
- University of California, Tu and Yuen Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, 164 Irvine Hall, Irvine, California, United States
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33
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Mari JM, Xia W, West SJ, Desjardins AE. Interventional multispectral photoacoustic imaging with a clinical ultrasound probe for discriminating nerves and tendons: an ex vivo pilot study. J Biomed Opt 2015; 20:110503. [PMID: 26580699 PMCID: PMC5217182 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.20.11.110503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Accurate and efficient identification of nerves is an essential component of peripheral nerve blocks. While ultrasound (US) imaging is increasingly used as a guidance modality, it often provides insufficient contrast for identifying nerves from surrounding tissues such as tendons. Electrical nerve stimulators can be used in conjunction with US imaging for discriminating nerves from surrounding tissues, but they are insufficient to reliably prevent neural punctures, so that alternative methods are highly desirable. In this study, an interventional multispectral photoacoustic (PA) imaging system was used to directly compare the signal amplitudes and spectra acquired from nerves and tendons ex vivo, for the first time. The results indicate that the system can provide significantly higher image contrast for discriminating nerves and tendons than that provided by US imaging. As such, photoacoustic imaging could be valuable as an adjunct to US for guiding peripheral nerve blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Martial Mari
- University College London, Department of Medical Physics
and Biomedical Engineering, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- University of French Polynesia, GePaSud, Faa’a
98702, French, Polynesia, France
| | - Wenfeng Xia
- University College London, Department of Medical Physics
and Biomedical Engineering, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Address all correspondence to: Wenfeng Xia,
| | - Simeon J. West
- University College Hospital, Department of Anaesthesia,
Main Theatres, Maple Bridge Link Corridor, Podium 3, 235 Euston Road, London NW1
2BU, United Kingdom
| | - Adrien E. Desjardins
- University College London, Department of Medical Physics
and Biomedical Engineering, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
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34
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Poddar R, Zawadzki RJ, Cortés DE, Mannis MJ, Werner JS. In vivo volumetric depth-resolved vasculature imaging of human limbus and sclera with 1 μm swept source phase-variance optical coherence angiography. J Opt 2015; 17:065301. [PMID: 25984290 PMCID: PMC4429254 DOI: 10.1088/2040-8978/17/6/065301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present nnnnnin vivo volumetric depth-resolved vasculature images of the anterior segment of the human eye acquired with phase-variance based motion contrast using a high-speed (100 kHz, 105 A-scans/s) swept source optical coherence tomography system (SSOCT). High phase stability SSOCT imaging was achieved by using a computationally efficient phase stabilization approach. The human corneo-scleral junction and sclera were imaged with swept source phase-variance optical coherence angiography and compared with slit lamp images from the same eyes of normal subjects. Different features of the rich vascular system in the conjunctiva and episclera were visualized and described. This system can be used as a potential tool for ophthalmological research to determine changes in the outflow system, which may be helpful for identification of abnormalities that lead to glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Poddar
- Department of Bio-Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology-Mesra, Ranchi, JH 835 215, India
| | - Robert J Zawadzki
- Vision Science and Advanced Retinal Imaging Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Dennis E Cortés
- Vision Science and Advanced Retinal Imaging Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA ; Department of Ophthalmology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mark J Mannis
- Vision Science and Advanced Retinal Imaging Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - John S Werner
- Vision Science and Advanced Retinal Imaging Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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35
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Baumann B, Zotter S, Pircher M, Götzinger E, Rauscher S, Glösmann M, Lammer J, Schmidt-Erfurth U, Gröger M, Hitzenberger CK. Spectral degree of polarization uniformity for polarization-sensitive OCT. J Mod Opt 2015; 62:1758-1763. [PMID: 26689829 PMCID: PMC4681128 DOI: 10.1080/09500340.2014.945501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Depolarization of light can be measured by polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) and has been used to improve tissue discrimination as well as segmentation of pigmented structures. Most approaches to depolarization assessment for PS-OCT - such as the degree of polarization uniformity (DOPU) - rely on measuring the uniformity of polarization states using spatial evaluation kernels. In this article, we present a different approach which exploits the spectral dimension. We introduce the spectral DOPU for the pixelwise analysis of polarization state variations between sub-bands of the broadband light source spectrum. Alongside a comparison with conventional spatial and temporal DOPU algorithms, we demonstrate imaging in the healthy human retina, and apply the technique for contrasting hard exudates in diabetic retinopathy and investigating the pigment epithelium of the rat iris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Baumann
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Medical Imaging Cluster, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Corresponding author.
| | - Stefan Zotter
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Pircher
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Medical Imaging Cluster, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Erich Götzinger
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabine Rauscher
- Medical Imaging Cluster, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Core Facility Imaging, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Glösmann
- Core Facility for Research and Technology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jan Lammer
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, General Hospital and Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ursula Schmidt-Erfurth
- Medical Imaging Cluster, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, General Hospital and Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marion Gröger
- Medical Imaging Cluster, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Core Facility Imaging, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph K. Hitzenberger
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Medical Imaging Cluster, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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36
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Poddar R, Kim DY, Werner JS, Zawadzki RJ. In vivo imaging of human vasculature in the chorioretinal complex using phase-variance contrast method with phase-stabilized 1-μm swept-source optical coherence tomography. J Biomed Opt 2014; 19:126010. [PMID: 25517255 PMCID: PMC4269528 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.19.12.126010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We present a noninvasive phase-variance (pv)–based motion contrast method for depth-resolved imaging of the human chorioretinal complex microcirculation with a newly developed phase-stabilized high speed (100-kHz A-scans/s) 1-μm swept- ource optical coherence tomography (SSOCT) system. Compared to our previous spectral-domain (spectrometer based) pv-spectral domain OCT (SDOCT) system, this system has the advantages of higher sensitivity, reduced fringe wash-out for high blood flow speeds and deeper penetration in choroid. High phase stability SSOCT imaging was achieved by using a computationally efficient phase stabilization approach. This process does not require additional calibration hardware and complex numerical procedures. Our phase stabilization method is simple and can be employed in a variety of SSOCT systems. Examples of vasculature in the chorioretinal complex imaged by pv-SSOCT from normal as well as diseased eyes are presented and compared to retinal images of the same subjects acquired with fluorescein angiography and indocyanine green angiography. Observations of morphology of vascular perfusion in chorioretinal complex visualized by our method are listed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Poddar
- University of California Davis, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Vision Science and Advanced Retinal Imaging Laboratory, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
- Birla Institute of Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand 835215, India
| | - Dae Yu Kim
- University of California Davis, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Vision Science and Advanced Retinal Imaging Laboratory, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
- Dankook University, Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Cheonan, Chungnam 330-715, Republic of Korea
| | - John S. Werner
- University of California Davis, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Vision Science and Advanced Retinal Imaging Laboratory, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
| | - Robert J. Zawadzki
- University of California Davis, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Vision Science and Advanced Retinal Imaging Laboratory, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
- Address all correspondence to: Robert J. Zawadzki, E-mail:
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37
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Lewis MA, Richer E, Slavine NV, Kodibagkar VD, Soesbe TC, Antich PP, Mason RP. A Multi-Camera System for Bioluminescence Tomography in Preclinical Oncology Research. Diagnostics (Basel) 2013; 3:325-43. [PMID: 26824926 PMCID: PMC4665465 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics3030325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioluminescent imaging (BLI) of cells expressing luciferase is a valuable noninvasive technique for investigating molecular events and tumor dynamics in the living animal. Current usage is often limited to planar imaging, but tomographic imaging can enhance the usefulness of this technique in quantitative biomedical studies by allowing accurate determination of tumor size and attribution of the emitted light to a specific organ or tissue. Bioluminescence tomography based on a single camera with source rotation or mirrors to provide additional views has previously been reported. We report here in vivo studies using a novel approach with multiple rotating cameras that, when combined with image reconstruction software, provides the desired representation of point source metastases and other small lesions. Comparison with MRI validated the ability to detect lung tumor colonization in mouse lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Lewis
- Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Edmond Richer
- Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275, USA.
| | - Nikolai V Slavine
- Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Vikram D Kodibagkar
- Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
| | - Todd C Soesbe
- Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Peter P Antich
- Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Ralph P Mason
- Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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Xu G, Rajian JR, Girish G, Kaplan MJ, Fowlkes JB, Carson PL, Wang X. Photoacoustic and ultrasound dual-modality imaging of human peripheral joints. J Biomed Opt 2013; 18:10502. [PMID: 23235916 PMCID: PMC3520078 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.18.1.010502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
A photoacoustic (PA) and ultrasound (US) dual modality system, for imaging human peripheral joints, is introduced. The system utilizes a commercial US unit for both US control imaging and PA signal acquisition. Preliminary in vivo evaluation of the system, on normal volunteers, revealed that this system can recover both the structural and functional information of intra- and extra-articular tissues. Confirmed by the control US images, the system, on the PA mode, can differentiate tendon from surrounding soft tissue based on the endogenous optical contrast. Presenting both morphological and pathological information in joint, this system holds promise for diagnosis and characterization of inflammatory joint diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan Xu
- University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Radiology, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Justin R. Rajian
- University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Radiology, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Gandikota Girish
- University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Radiology, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Mariana J. Kaplan
- University of Michigan Medical School, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - J. Brian Fowlkes
- University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Radiology, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Paul L. Carson
- University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Radiology, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Xueding Wang
- University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Radiology, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
- Address all correspondence to: Xueding Wang, University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Radiology, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109. Tel: 734-647-2728; Fax: 734-764-8541; E-mail:
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Kumon RE, Deng CX, Wang X. Frequency-domain analysis of photoacoustic imaging data from prostate adenocarcinoma tumors in a murine model. Ultrasound Med Biol 2011; 37:834-9. [PMID: 21376447 PMCID: PMC3060609 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2011.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2010] [Revised: 01/17/2011] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Photoacoustic imaging is an emerging technique for anatomical and functional sub-surface imaging but previous studies have predominantly focused on time-domain analysis. In this study, frequency-domain analysis of the radio-frequency signals from photoacoustic imaging was performed to generate quantitative parameters for tissue characterization. To account for the response of the imaging system, the photoacoustic spectra were calibrated by dividing the photoacoustic spectra (radio-frequency ultrasound spectra resulting from laser excitation) from tissue by the photoacoustic spectrum of a point absorber excited under the same conditions. The resulting quasi-linear photoacoustic spectra were fit by linear regression and midband fit, slope and intercept were computed from the best-fit line. These photoacoustic spectral parameters were compared between the region-of-interests (ROIs) representing prostate adenocarcinoma tumors and adjacent normal flank tissue in a murine model. The mean midband fit and intercept in the ROIs showed significant differences between cancerous and noncancerous regions. These initial results suggest that such frequency-domain analysis can provide a quantitative method for tumor tissue characterization using photoacoustic imaging in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald E Kumon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48709, USA
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Thayil A, Watanabe T, Jesacher A, Wilson T, Srinivas S, Booth M. Long-term imaging of mouse embryos using adaptive harmonic generation microscopy. J Biomed Opt 2011; 16:046018. [PMID: 21529087 PMCID: PMC3321263 DOI: 10.1117/1.3569614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
We present a detailed description of an adaptive harmonic generation (HG) microscope and culture techniques that permit long-term, three-dimensional imaging of mouse embryos. HG signal from both pre- and postimplantation stage (0.5-5.5 day-old) mouse embryos are fully characterized. The second HG images reveal central spindles during cytokinesis whereas third HG images show several features, such as lipid droplets, nucleoli, and plasma membranes. The embryos are found to develop normally during one-day-long discontinuous HG imaging, permitting the observation of several dynamic events, such as morula compaction and blastocyst formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisha Thayil
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire OX1 3PJ, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Photoacoustic signal generation by metal nanoparticles relies on the efficient conversion of light to heat, its transfer to the environment, and the production of pressure transients. In this study we demonstrate that a dielectric shell has a strong influence on the amplitude of the generated photoacoustic signal and that silica-coated gold nanorods of the same optical density are capable of producing about 3-fold higher photoacoustic signals than nanorods without silica coating. Spectrophotometry measurements and finite difference time domain (FDTD) analysis of gold nanorods before and after silica coating showed only an insignificant change of the extinction and absorption cross sections, hence indicating that the enhancement is not attributable to changes in absorption cross section resulting from the silica coating. Several factors including the silica thickness, the gold/silica interface, and the surrounding solvent were varied to investigate their effect on the photoacoustic signal produced from silica-coated gold nanorods. The results suggest that the enhancement is caused by the reduction of the gold interfacial thermal resistance with the solvent due to the silica coating. The strong contrast enhancement in photoacoustic imaging, demonstrated using phantoms with silica-coated nanorods, shows that these hybrid particles acting as "photoacoustic nanoamplifiers" are high efficiency contrast agents for photoacoustic imaging or photoacoustic image-guided therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Sheng Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA 78712
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA 78712
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA 78712
| | - Seungsoo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA 78712
| | - Pieter Kruizinga
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA 78712
| | - Kimberly Homan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA 78712
| | - Stanislav Emelianov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA 78712
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA 78712
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Telephone: (512) 471-1733. Fax: (512) 471-0616.
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Xie T, Liu G, Kreuter K, Mahon S, Colt H, Mukai D, Peavy GM, Chen Z, Brenner M. In vivo three-dimensional imaging of normal tissue and tumors in the rabbit pleural cavity using endoscopic swept source optical coherence tomography with thoracoscopic guidance. J Biomed Opt 2009; 14:064045. [PMID: 20059283 PMCID: PMC2809499 DOI: 10.1117/1.3275478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2009] [Revised: 09/21/2009] [Accepted: 11/02/2009] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop a dynamic tunable focal distance graded-refractive-index lens rod-based high-speed 3-D swept-source (SS) optical coherence tomography (OCT) endoscopic system and demonstrate real-time in vivo, high-resolution (10-microm) imaging of pleural-based malignancies in an animal model. The GRIN lens-based 3-D SS OCT system, which images at 39 fps with 512 A-lines per frame, was able to capture images of and detect abnormalities during thoracoscopy in the thoracic cavity, including the pleura, chest wall, pericardium, and the lungs. The abnormalities were confirmed by histological evaluation and compared to OCT findings. The dynamic tunable focal distance range and rapid speed of the probe and SS prototype OCT system enabled this first-reported application of in vivo 3-D thoracoscopic imaging of pleural-based malignancies. The imaging probe of the system was found to be easily adaptable to various sites within the thoracic cavity and can be readily adapted to other sites, including rigid airway endoscopic examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuqiang Xie
- University of California Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute, 1002 Health Sciences Road East, Irvine, California 92612, USA.
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TODOROVIĆ MILOŠ, JIAO SHULIANG, STOICA GEORGE, WANG LIHONGV. PRELIMINARY STUDY ON SKIN CANCER DETECTION IN SENCAR MICE USING MUELLER OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY. J Innov Opt Health Sci 2009; 2:289-294. [PMID: 33968211 PMCID: PMC8101947 DOI: 10.1142/s1793545809000577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We report on the use of a fiber-based Mueller-matrix optical coherence tomography (OCT) system with continuous source-polarization modulation for in vivo imaging of early stages of skin cancer in SENCAR mice. A homemade hand-held probe with integrated optical scanning and beam delivering optics was coupled in the sample arm. The OCT images show the morphological changes in skin resulting from pre-cancerous papilloma formations that are consistent with histology, thus demonstrating the system's potential for early skin cancer detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- MILOŠ TODOROVIĆ
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3120, USA
| | - SHULIANG JIAO
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
| | - GEORGE STOICA
- Department of Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-5547, USA
| | - LIHONG V. WANG
- Corresponding author. Current affiliation: Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, Campus Box 1097, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA.
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Wang Y, Bower BA, Izatt JA, Tan O, Huang D. Retinal blood flow measurement by circumpapillary Fourier domain Doppler optical coherence tomography. J Biomed Opt 2008; 13:064003. [PMID: 19123650 PMCID: PMC2840042 DOI: 10.1117/1.2998480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We present in vivo human total retinal blood flow measurements using Doppler Fourier domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). The scan pattern consisted of two concentric circles around the optic nerve head, transecting all retinal branch arteries and veins. The relative positions of each blood vessel in the two OCT conic cross sections were measured and used to determine the angle between the OCT beam and the vessel. The measured angle and the Doppler shift profile were used to compute blood flow in the blood vessel. The flows in the branch veins was summed to give the total retinal blood flow at one time point. Each measurement of total retinal blood flow was completed within 2 s and averaged. The total retinal venous flow was measured in one eye each of two volunteers. The results were 52.90+/-2.75 and 45.23+/-3.18 microlmin, respectively. Volumetric flow rate positively correlated with vessel diameter. This new technique may be useful in the diagnosis and treatment of optic nerve and retinal diseases that are associated with poor blood flow, such as glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Wang
- University of Southern California, Doheny Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA.
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Abstract
Simultaneous spatial and temporal focusing (SSTF), when combined with nonlinear microscopy, can improve the axial excitation confinement of wide-field and line-scanning imaging. Because two-photon excited fluorescence depends inversely on the pulse width of the excitation beam, SSTF decreases the background excitation of the sample outside of the focal volume by broadening the pulse width everywhere but at the geometric focus of the objective lens. This review theoretically describes the beam propagation within the sample using Fresnel diffraction in the frequency domain, deriving an analytical expression for the pulse evolution. SSTF can scan the temporal focal plane axially by adjusting the GVD in the excitation beam path. We theoretically define the axial confinement for line-scanning SSTF imaging using a time-domain understanding and conclude that line-scanning SSTF is similar to the temporally-decorrelated multifocal multiphoton imaging technique. Recent experiments on the temporal focusing effect and its axial confinement, as well as the axial scanning of the temporal focus by tuning the GVD, are presented. We further discuss this technique for axial-scanning multiphoton fluorescence fiber probes without any moving parts at the distal end. The temporal focusing effect in SSTF essentially replaces the focusing of one spatial dimension in conventional wide-field and line-scanning imaging. Although the best axial confinement achieved by SSTF cannot surpass that of a regular point-scanning system, this trade-off between spatial and temporal focusing can provide significant advantages in applications such as high-speed imaging and remote axial scanning in an endoscopic fiber probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Durst
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
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