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Bucci SJ, Carbonell-Silletta L, Cavallaro A, Arias NS, Campanello PI, Goldstein G, Scholz FG. Bark and sapwood water storage and the atypical pattern of recharge and discharge of water reservoirs indicate low vulnerability to drought in Araucaria araucana. Tree Physiol 2023; 43:248-261. [PMID: 36209429 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpac113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Stored water in inner tissues influences the plant water economy, which might be particularly relevant for trees facing increasing dry conditions due to climate change. We studied the water storage in the inner bark and the sapwood of Araucaria araucana (Molina) K. Koch. This species has an extremely thick inner bark and thus it can be used as a model system to assess the impact of internal water storage on plant water balance. Specifically, we analyzed the water circulation pathways in and out of the elastic water storages by using simultaneously frequency domain moisture sensors and dendrometers inserted in the inner bark and in the sapwood, and sap flow determinations during the dry season. The daily patterns of water content and expansion and contraction of the stem tissues were similar to the sap flow pattern. The whole-stem water content and diameter increased in the morning and decreased in the afternoon, contrary to the typical pattern observed in most tree species. An osmotic gradient favoring the water influx from sapwood to inner bark was observed in the morning. There were no lags in the onset of sap flow between different stem heights at the time that recharge of reservoirs occurred. Sap flow at 6 m height was higher than basal sap flow in the afternoon, when the sapwood water content started to decline followed by the water content of the inner bark. Inner bark and sapwood contributed 5-11% to total daily transpiration, allowing the maintenance of high water potentials in the dry season. Our results suggest that the stored water in the stems, the atypical dynamic of recharge and discharge of water from reservoirs and the high tissue capacitance may make an important contribution to the survival of A. araucana during drought periods by maintaining the water balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Janet Bucci
- Grupo de Estudios Biofísicos y Ecofisiológicos (GEBEF), Instituto de Biociencias de la Patagonia (INBIOP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco (UNPSJB), 9000 Comodoro Rivadavia, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco (UNPSJB), 9000 Comodoro Rivadavia, Argentina
| | - Luisina Carbonell-Silletta
- Grupo de Estudios Biofísicos y Ecofisiológicos (GEBEF), Instituto de Biociencias de la Patagonia (INBIOP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco (UNPSJB), 9000 Comodoro Rivadavia, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco (UNPSJB), 9000 Comodoro Rivadavia, Argentina
| | - Agustin Cavallaro
- Grupo de Estudios Biofísicos y Ecofisiológicos (GEBEF), Instituto de Biociencias de la Patagonia (INBIOP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco (UNPSJB), 9000 Comodoro Rivadavia, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco (UNPSJB), 9000 Comodoro Rivadavia, Argentina
| | - Nadia Soledad Arias
- Grupo de Estudios Biofísicos y Ecofisiológicos (GEBEF), Instituto de Biociencias de la Patagonia (INBIOP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco (UNPSJB), 9000 Comodoro Rivadavia, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco (UNPSJB), 9000 Comodoro Rivadavia, Argentina
| | - Paula Inés Campanello
- CONICET and Departamento de Ingeniería Forestal, Facultad de Ingeniería, UNPSJB, Esquel U9200, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Goldstein
- Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires. UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires 1425, Argentina
- University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124, USA
| | - Fabián Gustavo Scholz
- Grupo de Estudios Biofísicos y Ecofisiológicos (GEBEF), Instituto de Biociencias de la Patagonia (INBIOP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco (UNPSJB), 9000 Comodoro Rivadavia, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco (UNPSJB), 9000 Comodoro Rivadavia, Argentina
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Salomón RL, Steppe K, Ourcival JM, Villers S, Rodríguez-Calcerrada J, Schapman R, Limousin JM. Hydraulic acclimation in a Mediterranean oak subjected to permanent throughfall exclusion results in increased stem hydraulic capacitance. Plant Cell Environ 2020; 43:1528-1544. [PMID: 32154937 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Stem water storage capacity and hydraulic capacitance (CS ) play a crucial role in tree survival under drought-stress. To investigate whether CS adjusts to increasing water deficit, variation in stem water content (StWC) was monitored in vivo for 2 years and related to periodical measurements of tree water potential in Mediterranean Quercus ilex trees subjected either to permanent throughfall exclusion (TE) or to control conditions. Seasonal reductions in StWC were larger in TE trees relative to control ones, resulting in greater seasonal CS (154 and 80 kg m-3 MPa-1 , respectively), but only during the first phase of the desorption curve, when predawn water potential was above -1.1 MPa. Below this point, CS decreased substantially and did not differ between treatments (<20 kg m-3 MPa-1 ). The allometric relationship between tree diameter and sapwood area, measured via electrical resistivity tomography, was not affected by TE. Our results suggest that (a) CS response to water deficit in the drought-tolerant Q. ilex might be more important to optimize carbon gain during well-hydrated periods than to prevent drought-induced embolism formation during severe drought stress, and (b) enhanced CS during early summer does not result from proportional increases in sapwood volume, but mostly from increased elastic water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto L Salomón
- Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kathy Steppe
- Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jean M Ourcival
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), CEFE UMR 5175, CNRS, Univ Montpellier, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Selwyn Villers
- Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Roderick Schapman
- Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jean M Limousin
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), CEFE UMR 5175, CNRS, Univ Montpellier, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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Ouyang L, Leus L, De Keyser E, Van Labeke MC. Cold Acclimation and Deacclimation of Two Garden Rose Cultivars Under Controlled Daylength and Temperature. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:327. [PMID: 32265972 PMCID: PMC7105705 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Low temperature stress is an important abiotic stress for garden roses in northern regions. Two garden rose cultivars ('Dagmar Hastrup' and 'Chandos Beauty') were selected to study the role of dehydrin and of carbohydrate metabolism during cold acclimation and deacclimation under the controlled daylength and temperature. The presence of bud dormancy was also observed as this could prevent budburst during warm spells. Both cultivars showed a similar changing pattern of cold acclimation and deacclimation and did not differ in their lowest LT50 values. Dehydrin (RhDHN5) was up-regulated by low temperatures and not by dehydration stress as the stem water content remained stable during the treatments. Total soluble sugars accumulated with a transient up-regulation of RhBAM3 (a key gene in starch hydrolysis) for 'Dagmar Hastrup' at 2°C and a strong expression under both 2 and -3°C for 'Chandos Beauty'. At 2 and -3°C, raffinose and stachyose strongly accumulated though the up-regulation of RhRS6 and RhGK differed in the cultivars. Although similar cold hardiness levels were reached, carbohydrate metabolism in response to cold stress is different in the two cultivars. Increasing the temperature after a cold period resulted in fast deacclimation as found by the downregulation of RhDHN5 and RhBAM3, the decrease of raffinose and stachyose. Bud endodormancy was hardly present in both cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ouyang
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Department of Plants and Crops, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Leen Leus
- Plant Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Melle, Belgium
| | - Ellen De Keyser
- Plant Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Melle, Belgium
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Abstract
Water transport and storage through the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum is critical to the terrestrial water cycle, and has become a major research focus area. Biomass capacitance plays an integral role in the avoidance of hydraulic impairment to transpiration. However, high temporal resolution measurements of dynamic changes in the hydraulic capacitance of large trees are rare. Here, we present procedures for the calibration and use of capacitance sensors, typically used to monitor soil water content, to measure the volumetric water content in trees in the field. Frequency domain reflectometry-style observations are sensitive to the density of the media being studied. Therefore, it is necessary to perform species-specific calibrations to convert from the sensor-reported values of dielectric permittivity to volumetric water content. Calibration is performed on a harvested branch or stem cut into segments that are dried or re-hydrated to produce a full range of water contents used to generate a best-fit regression with sensor observations. Sensors are inserted into calibration segments or installed in trees after pre-drilling holes to a tolerance fit using a fabricated template to ensure proper drill alignment. Special care is taken to ensure that sensor tines make good contact with the surrounding media, while allowing them to be inserted without excessive force. Volumetric water content dynamics observed via the presented methodology align with sap flow measurements recorded using thermal dissipation techniques and environmental forcing data. Biomass water content data can be used to observe the onset of water stress, drought response and recovery, and has the potential to be applied to the calibration and evaluation of new plant-level hydrodynamics models, as well as to the partitioning of remotely sensed moisture products into above- and belowground components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M Matheny
- Department of Geological Sciences, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin;
| | | | - Gil Bohrer
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, Ohio State University
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