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Yang Y, Xu X, Wu H, Yang J, Chen J, Morisseau C, Hammock BD, Bettaieb A, Zhao L. Differential Effects of 17,18-EEQ and 19,20-EDP Combined with Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitor t-TUCB on Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158267. [PMID: 34361032 PMCID: PMC8347952 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
17,18-Epoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (17,18-EEQ) and 19,20-epoxydocosapentaenoic acid (19,20-EDP) are bioactive epoxides produced from n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, respectively. However, these epoxides are quickly metabolized into less active diols by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). We have previously demonstrated that an sEH inhibitor, t-TUCB, decreased serum triglycerides (TG) and increased lipid metabolic protein expression in the brown adipose tissue (BAT) of diet-induced obese mice. This study investigates the preventive effects of t-TUCB (T) alone or combined with 19,20-EDP (T + EDP) or 17,18-EEQ (T + EEQ) on BAT activation in the development of diet-induced obesity and metabolic disorders via osmotic minipump delivery in mice. Both T + EDP and T + EEQ groups showed significant improvement in fasting glucose, serum triglycerides, and higher core body temperature, whereas heat production was only significantly increased in the T + EEQ group. Moreover, both the T + EDP and T + EEQ groups showed less lipid accumulation in the BAT. Although UCP1 expression was not changed, PGC1α expression was increased in all three treated groups. In contrast, the expression of CPT1A and CPT1B, which are responsible for the rate-limiting step for fatty acid oxidation, was only increased in the T + EDP and T + EEQ groups. Interestingly, as a fatty acid transporter, CD36 expression was only increased in the T + EEQ group. Furthermore, both the T + EDP and T + EEQ groups showed decreased inflammatory NFκB signaling in the BAT. Our results suggest that 17,18-EEQ or 19,20-EDP combined with t-TUCB may prevent high-fat diet-induced metabolic disorders, in part through increased thermogenesis, upregulating lipid metabolic protein expression, and decreasing inflammation in the BAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (Y.Y.); (X.X.); (H.W.); (A.B.)
| | - Xinyun Xu
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (Y.Y.); (X.X.); (H.W.); (A.B.)
| | - Haoying Wu
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (Y.Y.); (X.X.); (H.W.); (A.B.)
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (J.Y.); (C.M.); (B.D.H.)
| | - Jiangang Chen
- Department of Public Health, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (J.Y.); (C.M.); (B.D.H.)
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (J.Y.); (C.M.); (B.D.H.)
| | - Ahmed Bettaieb
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (Y.Y.); (X.X.); (H.W.); (A.B.)
- Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Ling Zhao
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (Y.Y.); (X.X.); (H.W.); (A.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-865-974-1833
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Overby H, Yang Y, Xu X, Graham K, Hildreth K, Choi S, Wan D, Morisseau C, Zeldin DC, Hammock BD, Wang S, Bettaieb A, Zhao L. Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibition by t-TUCB Promotes Brown Adipogenesis and Reduces Serum Triglycerides in Diet-Induced Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197039. [PMID: 32987880 PMCID: PMC7582898 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is an important target for obesity treatment and prevention. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) converts bioactive epoxy fatty acids (EpFAs) into less active diols. sEH inhibitors (sEHI) are beneficial in many chronic diseases by stabilizing EpFAs. However, roles of sEH and sEHI in brown adipogenesis and BAT activity in treating diet-induced obesity (DIO) have not been reported. sEH expression was studied in in vitro models of brown adipogenesis and the fat tissues of DIO mice. The effects of the sEHI, trans-4-{4-[3-(4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-ureido]-cyclohexyloxy-benzoic acid (t-TUCB), were studied in vitro and in the obese mice via mini osmotic pump delivery. sEH expression was increased in brown adipogenesis and the BAT of the DIO mice. t-TUCB promoted brown adipogenesis in vitro. Although t-TCUB did not change body weight, fat pad weight, or glucose and insulin tolerance in the obese mice, it decreased serum triglycerides and increased protein expression of genes important for lipid metabolism in the BAT. Our results suggest that sEH may play a critical role in brown adipogenesis, and sEHI may be beneficial in improving BAT protein expression involved in lipid metabolism. Further studies using the sEHI combined with EpFA generating diets for obesity treatment and prevention are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley Overby
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (H.O.); (Y.Y.); (X.X.); (K.G.); (K.H.); (S.C.)
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (H.O.); (Y.Y.); (X.X.); (K.G.); (K.H.); (S.C.)
| | - Xinyun Xu
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (H.O.); (Y.Y.); (X.X.); (K.G.); (K.H.); (S.C.)
| | - Katherine Graham
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (H.O.); (Y.Y.); (X.X.); (K.G.); (K.H.); (S.C.)
| | - Kelsey Hildreth
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (H.O.); (Y.Y.); (X.X.); (K.G.); (K.H.); (S.C.)
| | - Sue Choi
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (H.O.); (Y.Y.); (X.X.); (K.G.); (K.H.); (S.C.)
| | - Debin Wan
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (D.W.); (C.M.); (B.D.H.)
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (D.W.); (C.M.); (B.D.H.)
| | - Darryl C. Zeldin
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA;
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (D.W.); (C.M.); (B.D.H.)
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;
| | - Ahmed Bettaieb
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (H.O.); (Y.Y.); (X.X.); (K.G.); (K.H.); (S.C.)
- Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (L.Z.); Tel.: +1-865-974-6267 (A.B.); +1-865-974-1833 (L.Z.)
| | - Ling Zhao
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (H.O.); (Y.Y.); (X.X.); (K.G.); (K.H.); (S.C.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (L.Z.); Tel.: +1-865-974-6267 (A.B.); +1-865-974-1833 (L.Z.)
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Shrestha A, Krishnamurthy PT, Thomas P, Hammock BD, Hwang SH. Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor, t-TUCB, protects against myocardial ischaemic injury in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 66:1251-8. [PMID: 24697323 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the protective role of a soluble epoxide hydrolase(sEH) inhibitor, trans-4-{4-[3-(4-trifluoromethoxyphenyl)-ureido] cyclohexyloxy} benzoic acid (t-TUCB), in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial ischaemic injury in vivo. METHODS Cardioprotective activity of t-TUCB was studied against ISO-induced myocardial ischaemic injury in male Wistar rats. Cardioprotection was assessed by measuring elecrocardiographic (EKG), serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK-MB) levels, cardiac calcium and antioxidant levels, and also by measuring infarct size in the cardiac tissue. KEY FINDINGS Pretreatment with t-TUCB at 3, 10 and 30 mg/kg orally for a period of 14 days significantly prevented the changes in EKG parameters (QTc interval prolongation, ST height depression, pathological Q waves formation and T-wave inversion), serum cardiac biomarkers (CK-MB and LDH), relative heart weight, myocardial calcium levels, infarct size and the oxidative status in the cardiac tissue (lipid peroxidation, catalase and superoxide dismutase levels) when compared with the untreated control animals (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The sEH inhibitor t-TUCB significantly prevents ISO-induced myocardial ischaemic injury in rats. This study provides a preliminary confirmation of the efficacy of t-TUCB by oral administration in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayush Shrestha
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy (A constituent college of JSS University, Mysore), Ootacamund, Tamilnadu, India
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