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Marchese R, Du Plessis J, Pooke T, McAviney J. The Improvement of Trunk Muscle Endurance in Adolescents with Idiopathic Scoliosis Treated with ScoliBrace ® and the ScoliBalance ® Exercise Approach. J Clin Med 2024; 13:653. [PMID: 38337346 PMCID: PMC10856658 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13030653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The impact of scoliosis bracing combined with physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercises (PSSE) on trunk muscle endurance in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis is unknown. ScoliBrace®, a rigid, three-dimensional, over-corrective thoraco-lumbar-sacral orthosis (TLSO), and ScoliBalance®, a PSSE program, were used to treat adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients. A retrospective study of the trunk muscle endurance of 33 AIS patients who received ScoliBrace® and ScoliBalance® was conducted. The patients were treated with ScoliBrace® and an individualized ScoliBalance® program. Trunk extensor muscle endurance (TE) and abdominal muscle endurance (AE) tests were performed at initial assessment and then at averages of 6.6 and 24.4 weeks of treatment. The data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Stata version 15.1. The participants were aged 13.24 years (SD = 1.64) with a mean Cobb angle of 38.97° (SD = 9.49°). TE improved significantly (p < 0.001) at both short- and medium-term intervals using ScoliBalance® and ScoliBrace® in the AIS patients. AE also showed significant improvement between baseline and short-term follow-up, with non-significant improvement at medium-term follow-up. Overall, trunk muscle endurance showed improvement in the AIS patients using ScoliBrace® and ScoliBalance®. Future research is required to determine the individual and combined effects of each treatment. However, it seems likely that trunk muscle endurance will not deteriorate in AIS patients with this combined treatment.
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Takaoka H, Furuya T, Shiga Y, Maki S, Inage K, Yamaguchi S, Yamashita T, Sasho T, Kawano H, Ohtori S. Comparison of Muscle Mass Between Healthy Subjects and Patients With Malignant Tumors Undergoing Outpatient Treatment. Cureus 2023; 15:e42462. [PMID: 37637672 PMCID: PMC10450224 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, advances in the treatment of malignant tumors have improved life expectancy and diversified treatment options. However, maintaining high activities of daily living in patients is essential for appropriately treating the primary disease, and interventions for patients with impaired motor function will lead to improved quality of life. Here, we compared the muscle mass of malignant tumor patients who are visiting bone metastasis outpatient clinics with that of healthy subjects. Methods We compared the muscle mass of 61 malignant tumor patients with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status ≤ 2 (mean 66.3 ± 12.0 years; 30 males and 31 females) attending our bone metastasis outpatient clinic since 2018 with that of 315 healthy subjects (mean 65.0 ± 17.7 years; 110 males and 205 females). Body mass index, skeletal muscle mass, and body fat percentage were assessed by bioimpedance analysis, and the skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was calculated. Results To eliminate age bias in the malignant tumor patients and healthy subjects, 1:1 propensity score matching was performed separately for males and females. There was no significant difference in right upper limb, left upper limb, right lower limb, or left lower limb mass or SMI between the two groups, whereas trunk muscle mass and muscle mass were significantly higher in the healthy females compared with malignant tumor females. Conclusion There was no significant difference in the SMI measured by bioimpedance analysis between the two groups in either males or females, while muscle mass and trunk muscle mass were significantly lower in female malignant tumor patients than in healthy subjects. These results suggest that even malignant tumor patients whose performance status was maintained enough to allow outpatient visits still had impaired motor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromitsu Takaoka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba University's Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, JPN
| | - Takeo Furuya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba University's Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, JPN
| | - Yasuhiro Shiga
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba University's Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, JPN
| | - Satoshi Maki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba University's Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, JPN
| | - Kazuhide Inage
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba University's Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, JPN
| | - Satoshi Yamaguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba University's Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, JPN
| | - Takeshi Yamashita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oyumino Central Hospital, Chiba, JPN
| | - Takahisa Sasho
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba University's Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, JPN
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, JPN
| | - Hirotaka Kawano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JPN
| | - Seiji Ohtori
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba University's Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, JPN
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Lin HF, Chou CC, Chao HH, Wang SC, Chen CH. Acute circulatory and femoral hemodynamic responses induced by standing core exercise at different rotational cadence: a crossover study. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2022; 14:194. [PMID: 36397168 PMCID: PMC9670670 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-022-00589-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Core exercise is often adopted as an adjunct in maintaining musculoskeletal health in rehabilitation; we previously showed that standing core rotational exercise improves femoral blood flow after training. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different rotational cadences on circulatory and hemodynamic responses after acute standing core exercise. Methods Sixteen healthy male adults (22 ± 1 yrs) were randomly assigned to participate in two 30-min standing core exercises of fast (75 rpm, FC) and slow cadence (20 rpm, SC) sessions after completing an acute bout of seated knee extension exercise session (KE) (80% of 1 repetition maximum × 12 repetitions × 3 sets). Impedance cardiography-derived circulatory responses and femoral hemodynamics by ultrasound imaging were measured pre- and 30, and 60 min post-exercise. Results KE acutely increased post-exercise cardiac output at 30 min (p = 0.008) and heart rate at 30 min (p = 0.04) and 60 min (p = 0.01), yet brachial blood pressure did not change. Systemic vascular resistance was significantly lower after FC and KE at 30 min (p = 0.008) and 60 (p = 0.04) min, respectively, compared with the baseline. In addition, KE acutely decreased post-exercise arterial stiffness (p = 0.05) at 30 min, increased femoral conductance (p = 0.03, p < 0.001), and blood flow (p = 0.009, p < 0.001) at 30 and 60 min. No significant changes were observed in absolute femoral blood flow after FC and SC, except that FC significantly increased relative femoral blood flow (p = 0.007) and conductance (p = 0.005). Post-exercise femoral diameter significantly increased in KE at 30 (p = 0.03) and 60 min (p = 0.01), but not in core exercise. Conclusion Our results suggest that standing core exercise elicits circulatory and hemodynamic changes only when the rotational cadence is set at a faster cadence, which provides preliminary scientific evidence for its use in exercise programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Fu Lin
- grid.19188.390000 0004 0546 0241Department of Athletics, National Taiwan University, No. 1., Sec 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617 Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chung Chou
- grid.412087.80000 0001 0001 3889Office of Physical Education, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Han Chao
- grid.19188.390000 0004 0546 0241Department of Athletics, National Taiwan University, No. 1., Sec 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617 Taiwan
| | - Soun-Cheng Wang
- grid.412047.40000 0004 0532 3650Department of Athletic Sports, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Huan Chen
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Department of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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Park JH, Lee SJ, Shin HJ, Cho HY. Influence of Loads and Loading Position on the Muscle Activity of the Trunk and Lower Extremity during Squat Exercise. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph192013480. [PMID: 36294056 PMCID: PMC9602963 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of the load and bar position on trunk and lower extremity muscle activity during squat exercise. High bar back squats (HBBS) and low bar back squats (LBBS) were performed in random order at 50%, 60%, and 70% loads of one repetition maximum by 28 experienced healthy adult men who had been performing squats for at least one year. Before the experiment, the maximal voluntary contraction of the vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, biceps femoris, rectus abdominis, transverse abdominis, external oblique, and erector spinae muscles was measured by means of surface electromyography. In addition, eccentric and concentric exercises were performed for 3 s each to measure the muscle activity. There was a significant difference in muscle activity according to the load for all muscles in the eccentric and concentric phases (p < 0.05), indicating that muscle activity increased as the load increased. In addition, in the comparison between HBBS and LBBS, significant differences were shown in all lower extremity muscles and all trunk muscles except for the external oblique in the concentric phase according to the bar position (p < 0.05). HBBS showed a higher muscle activity of the lower extremity in the eccentric and concentric phases than in LBBS, while LBBS showed a higher muscle activity of the trunk muscle in the eccentric and concentric phases than in HBBS (p < 0.05). HBBS requires more force in the lower extremity than LBBS and is particularly advantageous in strengthening the muscular strength of the quadriceps. In contrast, LBBS requires more muscle activity in the trunk than HBBS and is more effective in carrying heavier loads because of the advantage of body stability. This study suggests that rehabilitation experts apply the bar position and load as important variables affecting the intensity and method of training for target muscle strengthening of the lower extremities and trunk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Hyung Park
- Department of Health Science, Gachon University Graduate School, Incheon 21936, Korea
| | - Seung-Jea Lee
- Department of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si 31538, Korea
| | - Ho-Jin Shin
- Department of Health Science, Gachon University Graduate School, Incheon 21936, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.-J.S.); (H.-Y.C.); Tel.: +82-32-820-4420 (H.-J.S.); +82-32-820-4560 (H.-Y.C.)
| | - Hwi-Young Cho
- Department of Health Science, Gachon University Graduate School, Incheon 21936, Korea
- Department of Physical Therapy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.-J.S.); (H.-Y.C.); Tel.: +82-32-820-4420 (H.-J.S.); +82-32-820-4560 (H.-Y.C.)
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Ogaki K, Fujita H, Kokubun N, Hamaguchi M, Nishino I, Suzuki K. [Anti-mitochondrial M2 antibody-positive myositis preceded by heart failure and cardiac conduction disturbance. A case report]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2022; 62:135-139. [PMID: 35095048 DOI: 10.5692/clinicalneurol.cn-001644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A 69-year-old man visited our hospital complaining of fatigue in the lower extremities while walking. The patient had a two-year history of congestive heart failure and received a permanent artificial pacemaker implantation for sick sinus syndrome. Physical examination revealed proximal muscle weakness and exaggerated lumbar lordosis. Serum creatine kinase level was 1,455 U/l. The atrophies of the paraspinal muscles at thoracic to lumbar spine levels, rectus abdominis and soleus muscles were detected on computed tomography. Muscle biopsy showed mild to moderate variability in muscle fiber size with regenerating and necrotic muscle fibers. Mononuclear cell infiltration was not found. HLA-ABC expression was minimum. After anti-mitochondrial M2 antibody was detected, administration of oral prednisolone resulted in improvements in muscle strength and serum creatine kinase level. Based on the clinical course, examination and clinical findings, the patient was diagnosed as anti-mitochondrial M2 antibody positive myositis. Anti-mitochondrial M2 positive myositis is not only difficult to diagnose by muscle biopsy, but can also be preceded or complicated by fatal cardiac complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keitaro Ogaki
- Department of Neurology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi
| | - Hiroaki Fujita
- Department of Neurology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi
| | - Norito Kokubun
- Department of Neurology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi
| | - Mai Hamaguchi
- Department of Neurology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi
| | - Ichizo Nishino
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neurology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo.,Department of Clinical Genome Analysis, Medical Genome Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo
| | - Keisuke Suzuki
- Department of Neurology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi
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Ueno H, Suga T, Takao K, Terada M, Nagano A, Isaka T. Relationship Between Body Segment Mass and Running Performance in Well-Trained Endurance Runners. J Appl Biomech 2021;:1-7. [PMID: 34758454 DOI: 10.1123/jab.2020-0239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between body segment mass and running performance in endurance runners. The total (muscle, fat, and bone masses), lean (muscle mass), and fat masses of the leg, arm, and trunk segments in 37 well-trained endurance runners were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometer. The relative segment mass was calculated by normalizing the absolute mass to body mass. There were no significant correlations between absolute total, lean, and fat masses of all 3 segments and personal best 5000-m race time. No significant correlations were also observed between all 3 relative masses of the arm segment and personal best 5000-m race time. In contrast, medium positive correlations were observed between the relative total and lean masses of the leg segment and personal best 5000-m race time (r = .387 and .335, respectively, both P ≤ .031). Furthermore, large negative correlations were observed between the relative total and lean masses of the trunk segment and personal best 5000-m race time (r = -.500 and -.548, respectively, both P ≤ .002). These findings suggest that a mass distribution with smaller leg mass and greater trunk mass may be advantageous for achieving better running performance in endurance runners.
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Salimi H, Ohyama S, Terai H, Hori Y, Takahashi S, Hoshino M, Yabu A, Habibi H, Kobayashi A, Tsujio T, Kotake S, Nakamura H. Trunk Muscle Mass Measured by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Reflecting the Cross-Sectional Area of the Paravertebral Muscles and Back Muscle Strength: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of a Prospective Cohort Study of Elderly Population. J Clin Med 2021; 10:1187. [PMID: 33809059 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10061187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Trunk muscles play an important role in supporting the spinal column. A decline in trunk muscle mass, as measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (TMM-BIA), is associated with low back pain and poor quality of life. The purpose of this study was to determine whether TMM-BIA correlates with quantitative and functional assessments traditionally used for the trunk muscles. We included 380 participants (aged ≥ 65 years; 152 males, 228 females) from the Shiraniwa Elderly Cohort (Shiraniwa) study, for whom the following data were available: TMM-BIA, lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and back muscle strength (BMS). We measured the cross-sectional area (CSA) and fat-free CSA of the paravertebral muscles (PVM), including the erector spinae (ES), multifidus (MF), and psoas major (PM), on an axial lumbar MRI at L3/4. The correlation between TMM-BIA and the CSA of PVM, fat-free CSA of PVM, and BMS was investigated. TMM-BIA correlated with the CSA of total PVM and each individual PVM. A stronger correlation between TMM-BIA and fat-free CSA of PVM was observed. The TMM-BIA also strongly correlated with BMS. TMM-BIA is an easy and reliable way to evaluate the trunk muscle mass in a clinical setting.
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Oshikawa T, Morimoto Y, Adachi G, Akuzawa H, Kaneoka K. Changes in lumbar kinematics and trunk muscle electromyographic activity during baseball batting under psychological pressure. Int Biomech 2020; 7:66-75. [PMID: 33998388 PMCID: PMC8130725 DOI: 10.1080/23335432.2020.1811765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychological pressure during sports competition disturbs the ideal physical movement and causes injury. Baseball batting frequently causes trunk injuries. This study aimed to examine the influence of psychological pressure on the lumbar kinematics and trunk muscle activity during the baseball batting. Fourteen collegiate baseball players participated in this study. The participants performed bat swings under three different psychological conditions (non-pressure, pressure, and emphasized pressure). The lumbar kinematics and trunk muscle activity were measured during each bat swing. One- and two-way analyses of variance were performed to compare the lumbar kinematics and trunk muscle activity among different psychological pressure conditions. The lumbar flexion angle throughout the bat swing in the swing phase, from the moment of ground contact of the lead foot to the moment of ball contact, was significantly larger under the pressure and emphasized pressure conditions than under the non-pressure condition (P<0.05). The bilateral lumbar erector spinae (LES) activities in the swing and follow-through phases were significantly higher under the emphasized pressure condition than under the non-pressure condition (P<0.05). These results indicate that the baseball batting under psychological pressure influenced the lumbar kinematics and bilateral LES activities and may be related to the development of low back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Oshikawa
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University , Saitama, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Morimoto
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University , Saitama, Japan
| | - Gen Adachi
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University , Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Akuzawa
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University , Saitama, Japan
| | - Koji Kaneoka
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University , Saitama, Japan
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McArthur C, Gibbs JC, Ashe MC, Cheung AM, Hill KD, Kendler DL, Khan A, Prasad S, Thabane L, Wark JD, Giangregorio LM. The association between trunk muscle endurance, balance and falls self-efficacy in women with osteoporotic vertebral fractures: an exploratory analysis from a pilot randomized controlled trial. Disabil Rehabil 2019; 43:2268-2274. [PMID: 31786954 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2019.1696418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trunk muscle endurance may be associated with balance and falls self-efficacy for people with osteoporosis. However, all previous studies have examined trunk muscle strength rather than endurance. PURPOSE To explore the relationships between trunk muscle endurance and standing balance and falls self-efficacy for women with vertebral fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is an exploratory, secondary analysis of baseline data of a pilot randomized controlled trial in Ontario, Canada. Thirty-one women with osteoporosis, aged 65 years or older, with at least one vertebral fracture were included. The associations between balance (Balance Outcome Measure for Elder Rehabilitation) and trunk muscle endurance (Timed Loaded Standing Test) and falls self-efficacy (Falls Efficacy Scale International) and trunk muscle endurance were tested via Spearman rank order correlation with Fisher's z transformations. RESULTS Trunk muscle endurance was correlated with better balance performance on the Balance Outcome Measure for Elder Rehabilitation [Spearman correlation coefficient, 0.71; 95% confidence interval: 0.47-0.85; p < 0.001], but not with falls self efficacy (Spearman correlation coefficient; -0.22; 95% confidence interval: -0.53 to 0.14; p = 0.23). CONCLUSIONS Trunk muscle endurance was moderately associated with better standing balance performance but not falls self-efficacy, highlighting the importance of trunk muscle endurance for standing balance for older adults with osteoporosis and vertebral fractures.Implications for RehabilitationOlder adults with osteoporosis and vertebral fractures who have better trunk muscle endurance may also have better standing balance.There was no association between trunk muscle endurance and how confident a person is that they will not fall while completing various activities of daily living.Trunk muscle endurance training could be included as part of a standing balance rehabilitation program for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jenna C Gibbs
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Activity, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Maureen C Ashe
- Department of Family Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Angela M Cheung
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Keith D Hill
- Department of Rehabilitation, Ageing and Independent Living, Curtin University, Victoria, Australia
| | - David L Kendler
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Aliya Khan
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Sadhana Prasad
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Lehana Thabane
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - John D Wark
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lora M Giangregorio
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.,Schlegel-UW Research Institute on Aging, Waterloo, Canada
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Ólafsdóttir JM, Fice JB, Mang DWH, Brolin K, Davidsson J, Blouin JS, Siegmund GP. Trunk muscle recruitment patterns in simulated precrash events. Traffic Inj Prev 2018; 19:S186-S188. [PMID: 29584507 DOI: 10.1080/15389588.2018.1426917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To quantify trunk muscle activation levels during whole body accelerations that simulate precrash events in multiple directions and to identify recruitment patterns for the development of active human body models. METHODS Four subjects (1 female, 3 males) were accelerated at 0.55 g (net Δv = 4.0 m/s) in 8 directions while seated on a sled-mounted car seat to simulate a precrash pulse. Electromyographic (EMG) activity in 4 trunk muscles was measured using wire electrodes inserted into the left rectus abdominis, internal oblique, iliocostalis, and multifidus muscles at the L2-L3 level. Muscle activity evoked by the perturbations was normalized by each muscle's isometric maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) activity. Spatial tuning curves were plotted at 150, 300, and 600 ms after acceleration onset. RESULTS EMG activity remained below 40% MVC for the three time points for most directions. At the 150- and 300 ms time points, the highest EMG amplitudes were observed during perturbations to the left (-90°) and left rearward (-135°). EMG activity diminished by 600 ms for the anterior muscles, but not for the posterior muscles. CONCLUSIONS These preliminary results suggest that trunk muscle activity may be directionally tuned at the acceleration level tested here. Although data from more subjects are needed, these preliminary data support the development of modeled trunk muscle recruitment strategies in active human body models that predict occupant responses in precrash scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jóna Marín Ólafsdóttir
- a Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences , Chalmers University of Technology , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Jason B Fice
- b School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada
| | - Daniel W H Mang
- b School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada
| | - Karin Brolin
- a Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences , Chalmers University of Technology , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Johan Davidsson
- a Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences , Chalmers University of Technology , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Jean-Sébastien Blouin
- b School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada
| | - Gunter P Siegmund
- a Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences , Chalmers University of Technology , Gothenburg , Sweden
- c MEA Forensic Engineers & Scientists , Richmond , British Columbia , Canada
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Ng HH, Lin WY, Lei KF, Cheng CH, Jeng SC, Lin YH. Reliability of mechanomyographic amplitude measurements for trunk muscles during maximal voluntary isometric contraction. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2017; 30:979-985. [PMID: 28505951 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-159364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanomyography (MMG) has been used to investigate mechanical characteristics of muscle contraction in clinical and experimental settings. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the test-retest reliability of mechanomyographic amplitude (MMGRMS) measurements as a tool for measuring the maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVICs) of trunk muscles in healthy participants. METHODS There were ten young adults participating in this study. Accelerometers were used to detect surface MMG signals from three trials of 5-s MVICs of the rectus abdominis, external obliques, erector spinae, and multifidus in the vertical, transverse, and longitudinal directions. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM), and minimum detectable change were calculated. RESULTS Good to excellent test-retest reliability of mechanomyographic amplitude (MMGRMS) measurements was achieved for all MVICs of trunk muscles in healthy participants, as indicated by ICCs ranging from 0.99 to 0.64 for MMGRMS of the trunk muscles during MVIC. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that MMG is a reliable measurement to detect the activation amplitudes of trunk muscles during MVIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- How Hing Ng
- Department of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yen Lin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kin Fong Lei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Medical Mechatronics, College of Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsiu Cheng
- Department of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shiau-Chian Jeng
- Department of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,National Keelung Special Education School, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Hua Lin
- Department of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hosipital, Chiayi, Puzi, Taiwan
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Imai A, Okubo Y, Kaneoka K. Evaluation of Psoas Major and Quadratus Lumborum Recruitment Using Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Before and After 5 Trunk Exercises. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017; 47:108-14. [PMID: 27819192 DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2017.6730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Study Design Controlled laboratory study, with a pretest-posttest design. Background Diffusion-weighted imaging is a noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging technique that can be used to assess the recruitment of the psoas major (PM) and quadratus lumborum (QL). The recruitment of these muscles during trunk exercises has not been evaluated. Objective To evaluate the diffusion of water movement in several trunk muscles using diffusion-weighted imaging before and after specific trunk exercises and thereby to understand the level of recruitment of each muscle during each exercise. Methods Nine healthy male participants performed the right side bridge, knee raise, and 3 front bridges, including the hand-knee, elbow-knee, and elbow-toe bridges. Diffusion-weighted imaging was performed before and after each exercise. After scanning, the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map was constructed, and ADC values of the rectus abdominis, lateral abdominal muscles, QL, PM, and back muscles were calculated. Results The right PM following the elbow-toe bridge demonstrated the largest increase in ADC values, a change significantly greater than that demonstrated by the hand-knee bridge (P<.001) and side bridge (P = .002) exercises. The ADC change in the right QL following the side bridge exercise was significantly larger than that of other exercises (P<.008). Conclusion Of the 5 exercises investigated, the elbow-toe bridge and side bridge exercises elicit the greatest recruitment of the PM and QL, respectively. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(2):108-114. Epub 5 Nov 2016. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.6730.
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Rabello LM, Gagnon D, da Silva RA, Paquette P, Larivière C. External abdominal oblique muscle ultrasonographic thickness changes is not an appropriate surrogate measure of electromyographic activity during isometric trunk contractions. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2016; 28:229-38. [PMID: 25134839 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-140508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The function of specific abdominal muscles can be assessed using both electromyography (EMG) and ultrasound imaging (USI) thickness measures. However, the relationship between these two measurements is not conclusive during sitting isometric trunk efforts. OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to assess the relationship between USI thickness and EMG amplitude measures of the right external oblique (EO) muscle during isometric efforts in the sitting position. METHOD Eighteen subjects performed ramp isometric efforts progressing from 0 to 50% of their maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) in three trunk directions on a dynamometer: (1) forward flexion; (2) right lateral flexion; and (3) left axial rotation. USI and surface EMG amplitude measures of the EO muscle were recorded concomitantly and both normalized against rest values and maximal EMG, respectively. RESULTS EO muscle was significantly more activated (p < 0.001) during forward flexion (42% on average) and axial rotation (35%) than during lateral flexion (24%). Non-significant (r=0.01; P=0.979) to highly significant (r=0.98; P < 0.0001) and negative and positive Pearson correlations were observed between EMG and EO thickness measures for both flexion and rotation directions. CONCLUSION The negative correlations between EMG and USI measures as well as the great variability of these correlations across individuals suggest that USI is not a valid measures of EO muscle activity. USI thickness measures should be interpreted with great caution in research and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas M Rabello
- Centre for Health Science Research, Laboratory of Functional Evaluation and Human Motor Performance (LAFUP), Universidade Norte do Paraná, Londrina-PR, Brazil Doctoral and Master Program in Rehabilitation Sciences UEL/UNOPAR, Londrina-PR, Brazil Pathokinesiology Laboratory, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal, Institut de réadaptation Gingras-Lindsay-de-Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Dany Gagnon
- Pathokinesiology Laboratory, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal, Institut de réadaptation Gingras-Lindsay-de-Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada School of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Rubens A da Silva
- Centre for Health Science Research, Laboratory of Functional Evaluation and Human Motor Performance (LAFUP), Universidade Norte do Paraná, Londrina-PR, Brazil Doctoral and Master Program in Rehabilitation Sciences UEL/UNOPAR, Londrina-PR, Brazil Pathokinesiology Laboratory, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal, Institut de réadaptation Gingras-Lindsay-de-Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Philippe Paquette
- Pathokinesiology Laboratory, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal, Institut de réadaptation Gingras-Lindsay-de-Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Christian Larivière
- Pathokinesiology Laboratory, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal, Institut de réadaptation Gingras-Lindsay-de-Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada Occupational Health and Safety Research Institute Robert-Sauvé Montreal, QC, Canada
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Sitting posture may often place large burden on trunk muscles, while trunk muscle activities in the sitting posture have not been well clarified. In this study, a difference in trunk muscle activity between two kinds of sitting postures was evaluated, focusing on low back pain induced by posture holding. MATERIAL AND METHODS An experiment was conducted on the subjects sitting on a stable-seat and on an unstable-seat, with the pelvis inclined forward, backward, rightward, and leftward. RESULTS With the pelvis inclined forward, rightward and leftward, muscle activities were significantly increased in a stable-seat sitting posture. In contrast, no significant increase in muscle activity was observed with the pelvis inclined in every direction in an unstable-seat sitting posture. CONCLUSIONS With the pelvis inclined in the stable-seat sitting posture, muscle activities were imbalanced, while with the pelvis inclined in the unstable-seat sitting posture, muscle activities were not imbalanced. Thus, it is suggested that with the pelvis inclined to the maximum extent in the stable-seat sitting posture, low back pain may be induced by imbalanced muscle activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Watanabe
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tsukuba International University, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Koji Kaneoka
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yusuke Wada
- Department of Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yasushi Matsui
- Department of Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan Department of Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Physical Therapy Course, Tsukuba University of Technology, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shumpei Miyakawa
- Department of Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Imai A, Kaneoka K, Okubo Y, Shiraki H. Effects of two types of trunk exercises on balance and athletic performance in youth soccer players. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2014; 9:47-57. [PMID: 24567855 PMCID: PMC3924608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE/BACKGROUND Many athletes perform trunk stabilization exercises (SE) and conventional trunk exercises (CE) to enhance trunk stability and strength. However, evidence regarding the specific training effects of SE and CE is lacking and there have been no studies for youth athletes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the training effects of SE and CE on balance and athletic performance in youth soccer players. METHODS Twenty-seven male youth soccer players were assigned randomly to either an SE group (n = 13) or CE group (n = 14). Data from nineteen players who completed all training sessions were used for statistical analyses (SE, n = 10; CE, n = 9). Before and after the 12-week intervention program, pre- and post-testing comprised of a static balance test, Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT), Cooper's test, sprint, the Step 50, vertical jump, and rebound jump were performed. After pre-testing, players performed the SE or CE program three times per week for 12 weeks. A two-way repeated-measures ANOVA was used to assess the changes over time, and differences between the groups. Within-group changes from pre-testing to post-testing were determined using paired t-tests. Statistical significance was inferred from p < 0.05. RESULTS There were significant group-by-time interactions for posterolateral (p = 0.022) and posteromedial (p < 0.001) directions of the SEBT. Paired t-tests revealed significant improvements of the posterolateral and posteromedial directions in the SE group. Although other measurements did not find group-by-time interactions, within-group changes were detected indicating significant improvements in the static balance test, Cooper's test, and rebound jump in the only SE group (p < 0.05). Vertical jump and sprint were improved significantly in both groups (p < 0.05), but the Step 50 was not improved in either group (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Results suggested that the SE has specific training effects that enhance static and dynamic balance, Cooper's test, and rebound jump. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3b.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yu Okubo
- Saitama Medical University, Iruma, Saitama, Japan
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